高考英语一轮总复习选修八Unit5Meetingyourancestors学案（含解析）新人教版

Unit5Meetingyourancestors必备知识·盘点夯基BIBEIZHISHIPANDIANHANGJIⅠ．单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1．__alternative__n．可能的选择adj．供选择的；其他的2．__regardless__adv．不管；不顾3．__somehow__adv．以……方式；不知怎么地4．__skilful__adj．有技巧的；熟练的5．__arrest__vt．逮捕；吸引n．逮捕；拘留6．__delete__vt．删；删除7．__dizzy__adj．头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的8．__album__n．相册；集邮册；唱片9．__applaud__vi．&vt．鼓掌欢迎；赞赏10．__kindergarten__n．幼儿园11．__gay__adj．快乐的；欢快的1．Duringthesummervacation,Ipracticeddancinghardwithothers__regardless__(不顾)ofthehotweather．2．__Delete__(删除)thethingsthatyoudon'treallyneed,soyoucansavealotofresources．3．(2020·江苏卷)Somehow(不知怎么地),thecontainertheteachergaveWilsontoheatmistakenlyheldsomethingmorevolatile(易挥发的)thanwater．4．He__wasarrested__(arrest)forspreadingrumorsontheInternet．5．Themomentthefamoussingerfinishedsinging,theaudiencestoodupand__applauded__(applaud)warmly．6．Thenewmethodwaspopularandmanypeasantsbecamevery__skilful__(skill)atit．拓展单词1．__identify__vt．确认；识别；鉴别→__identification__n．辨认；鉴定→__identity__n．身份；一致；同一性2．__starvation__n．挨饿；饿死→__starve__vi．(使)挨饿；饿死3．__accuracy__n．精确；准确→__accurate__adj．准确的；精确的→__accurately__adv．准确地；精确地4．__interrupt__vt．&vi．打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→__interruption__n．打断；打岔；中止5．__assume__vt．假定；设想→__assuming__conj．假设→__assumption__n．设想；假定；担任6．__sharpen__vi．&vt．(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰；削尖→__sharp__adj．锋利的→__sharpener__n．磨具；削具；铅笔刀7．__messy__adj．凌乱的；脏的→__mess__n．凌乱；脏8．__analysis__n．分析→__analyses__(pl)→__analyse__vt．分析9．__ripen__vt．&vi．使……成熟；成熟→__ripe__adj．成熟的10．__significance__n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→__significant__adj．重要的11．__botany__n．植物学→__botanical__adj．植物学的；与植物学有关的12．__division__n．划分；分割；分配；分界线→__divide__v．分开；分割；划分1．Whilecalculatingthemathsproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontothe__accuracy__ofthenumbers,oryoucan'tfigureitout__accurately__(accurate)2．Ifyou__interrupt__others'conversationabruptly,youwillbetoblameforyour__interruption__．(interrupt)3．__Assuming__thatyouaretheguideoftheforeignerswhoaretovisitourschool,howwouldyouprepareforyour__assumption__astheguide?(assume)4．Theboyneedsapencil__sharpener__to__sharpen__hispencil,becausethe__sharpener__hehasisn't__sharp__．(sharpen)5．Thekidmadea__mess__inthelivingroom,sohismotheraskedhimtocleanoutthe__messy__livingroomquickly．(mess)6．Withtheteacher'shelp,I__analysed__thedataofthisexperiment．Theteacherconsideredmy__analysis__reasonable．(analyse)7．Thescientiststhinkhisinventionisofgreat__significance__，becauseitis__significant__tocurethepatientsofdeadlydisease．(significant)8．Thecandieswere__divided__outamongallthekids,buttheycouldnotagreeuponthe__division__ofthem．(divide)联想积累：1．“v．-ing”形式的介词、连词小结①assumingconj．假设；假定②consideringprep．&conj．鉴于；考虑到③includingprep．包含；包括④supposingconj．假设；假如⑤providingconj．假设；如果⑥concerningprep．关于2．多种“选择”供你选①pickv．挑选②optionaladj．可选择的③choicen．选择④choosev．选择⑤selectv．挑选⑥electv．推举；选择⑦alternativen．可能的选择3．-cy名词后缀词速记①accuracy准确；精确②efficiency效率；效能③fluency流畅；流利④emergency紧急情况⑤tendency倾向；趋势⑥agency代理；中介⑦currency货币；通货Ⅱ．短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1．__regardlessof__不管；不顾2．__atmost__至多；最多3．__keepout__不准进入4．__(be)fedupwith__受够了；饱受；厌烦5．__lookahead__向前看；为将来打算6．__dateback(to．．．)__追溯到；始于7．__withrelief__如释重负8．__cutup__切碎9．__taketurnstodosth．__轮流做某事10．__can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth．__禁不住做某事语境运用1．Thelibrariantoldusthatwecouldborrow__atmost__threebooksatatime．2．Wheneverweareintrouble,wemust__lookahead__andencourageourselves．3．Ibelieveeveryone，__regardlessof__ageorbackground,cancomeupwithnewideasandexcellentinsights．4．Tomakethesoup,youshouldfirst__cutup__somecarrotsandbeefintosmallpiecesandthenputthemintothepot．5．Forexample,whenyou__arefedupwith__allthepeoplesometimes,itisbetterforyoutofindaquietplace,listeningtosomeclassicalmusic．6．Havingfinishedallthehousework,Marydroppedherselfintothesofa,sighing__withrelief__．Ⅲ．句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1．Ifonlyitcouldbejustlikelastyear!要是能像去年那样该多好呀！此句用了虚拟语气，ifonly．．．意为“要是……就好了”。1．今年春节全家能团圆就好了！__Ifonly__thewholefamily__couldbeunited__duringtheSpringFestivalthisyear!2．Abruptlyshesatdown,onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna．突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。onlytodosth．“不料；结果……”，动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。2．(全国卷Ⅲ，书面表达)我本打算和你一起去书店的，结果却被告知必须参加一个会议。Ihadplannedtogotothebookstorewithyou,__onlytobetold__thatIhadtoattendameeting．3．Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped．快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停了下来，不往前走了。hadjustdonesth．when．．．刚做某事这时……3．他刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。He__hadjustgonetobedwhen__thetelephonerang．INC"核心素养·精讲层练HEXINSUYANGJINGJIANGCENGLIAN1．alternativeadj．供选择的；其他的n．可能的选择；选择对象eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展alternativelyadv．可供选择地；或者eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳havenoalternativebuttodosth．别无选择只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth．有做某事的选择there'snoalternative．．．……别无选择alternativeenergy可替代能源eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式有：①havenochoicebuttodosth．②can'tdosth．butdosth．③candonothingbutdosth．eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnoalternativebut__toadopt__(adopt)alternativeplans．②TheInternetalsoprovidesuswithacheapalternativeto__communicating__(communicate)withothers．③(牛津词典)Youcanbepaidincashweeklyorbychequemonthly;thosearethetwo__alternatives__(alternative)．提能—句式升级。④Failureisthemotherofsuccess．Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehavenochoicebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit．→Failureisthemotherofsuccess．Sometimes,inordertosucceed，wehaveno__alternative__buttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit．2．interruptvt．&vi．打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展interruptionn．打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)interrupt．．．(withsth．)(因某事)打断……(2)withoutinterruption连续地；不断地eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Hewaswritingapoemwhenhe__wasinterrupted__(interrupt)byaknockatthedoor．②(全国卷Ⅱ)__Interruptions__(interrupt)areoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou'retryingtogetworkdone．提能—单句写作。③(2018·北京卷书面表达)Tohelpthembetterunderstandourtea-drinkingculture,wetookthemtothetearoominourschool,__whereIintroducedthehistoryoftea-makingtothemforseveralhourswithoutinterruption__．为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学校的茶室。在那里，我连续几小时不间断地向他们介绍了泡茶的历史。3．assumevt．假定；设想eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展assumptionn．假定；假设eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)assumesb．/sth．tobe假定/假设某人/某事为assumethat．．．假设……；认为……Itis/wasgenerallyassumedthat．．．普遍认为……(2)assumptionn．假定，假设，设想ontheassumptionthat．．．假定……，假设……assuming(that)．．．假定……(作状语)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Itiswrong__toassume__(assume)artsgroupscannotmakeaprofit．②Itisassumed__that__globalwarmingandclimatechangecouldcauseevenmoredisastersinthefuture．③__Assuming__(assume)youareright，we'llmakeagreatdealofmoneyfromtheproject．④Alotofpeoplemakethe__assumption__(assume)thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld．提能—一句多译。要是我当选为北京冬奥会的志愿者，我将全心全意为人民服务。⑤__IfIamchosentobeavolunteer__atBeijingWinterOlympicGames,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul．(if)⑥__AssumingthatIamchosentobeavolunteer__atBeijingWinterOlympicGames，Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul．(assume)4．regardlessof不管；不顾eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展(1)regardlessof不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)(2)despite＝inspiteof尽管；不管；虽然(后常接名词，不接从句)(3)withregardto关于；至于eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。①Theyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardless__of__whethersomeonegetsthepasswordright．②Youwillhurtothersifyousaywhatyouthink,regardless__of__otherpeople'sfeelings．③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)__Despite/Inspiteoftherain__(尽管下雨)，wecanstilltakepartinphysicalactivitiesinthestadium．提能—单句写作。④(江苏卷书面表达)Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,__regardlessoftimeandspace__．除此之外，网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。5．befedupwith对……厌倦；受够了eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)betiredof．．．对……感到厌烦beboredwith．．．对……厌倦了haveenoughof．．．对……受够了/厌倦了(2)feedon．．．以……为食feed．．．with/on．．．用……喂……；供给……，提供……feed＋食物＋to．．．用某物喂养……eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Pleasefeedsomegrass__to__thecow．②Pandasfeed__on__bambooleaves．③Heisbusyfeedingthecomputer__with__newdata．④__Fed__(feed)upwithhislies,shewon'tbelieveinhimanylonger．提能—同义句改写。⑤Tomwasfedupwithbeingteasedabouthisbaldness,sohedecidedtorevengethosewhoplayedtricksonhim．(用过去分词短语作状语改写)__Fedupwithbeingteasedabouthisbaldness，Tomdecidedtorevengethosewhoplayedtricksonhim．__6．datebackto(＝datefrom)追溯到……；始于……eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展uptodate时髦的outofdate过时的eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示datebackto和datefrom一般不用于进行时态，无被动语态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①AsfarasIknow,theoldtown__dates__(date)backtothelateseventeenthcentury．②__Dating__(date)from1933,theSouthLakeParkinChangchunislocatedinthesouthwesternpartoftheChangchuncity．③Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeup__to__datewithmoderntechnology．提能—一句多译。(2018·北京卷书面表达)中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。④Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistorywhich__datesfrom/backtomorethan1,000yearsago__．(定语从句)⑤Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistory__datingfrom/backtomorethan1,000yearsago__．(分词作定语)7．Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！句中ifonly．．．意为“要是……就好了”，用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)ifonly．．．haddone．．．表示对与过去事实相反的愿望(2)ifonly．．．did．．．表示对与现在事实相反的愿望(3)ifonly．．．could/would/mightdo．．．表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示(1)onlyif．．．只有……，引导真实条件句(置于句首，主句倒装)。(2)ifitwerenotfor．．．/ifithadnotbeenfor．．．要不是……；如果没有……eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Ifonlywe__hadmade__(make)fulluseoftimetomakegoodpreparationsforthetest．②Constantquarrelsbetweenmyparentsaredrivingmecrazy．IfonlyI__had__(have)awarmandharmoniousfamily．③Ifonlyweall__woulddo__(do)agoodjobinthecomingcollegeentranceexamination．提能—单句写作。④__IfonlyIwouldliveinaworld__freeofairpollution．我要是能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。8．Abruptly,shesatdown,onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna．突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。该句中的不定式onlytobescoopedup在句中作状语，表结果。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展onlytodo．．．不料做……，反而做……，结果却做……，是动词不定式作结果状语。表示意料不到的情况，且多为不愉快的结果，有时前面也可不加only；而现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Ihurriedtothepostoffice,only__tofind__(find)itclosed．②Thelibrariansactivelycollectedthebooksoftheworld,__accelerating__(accelerate)thespreadofknowledge．③(2020·江苏卷)Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s,allowing(allow)foranewgenerationofvirtualreality．提能—单句写作。④Hemadefullpreparationsfortheinterview,__onlytobetolditwascancelled__．他为面试做了充分的准备，却被告知面试取消了。INCLU"高效演练·素能提升GAOXIAOYANLIANSUNENGTISHENGⅠ．单句语法填空1．(2020·新高考卷)Historicalaccuracy(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment．2．Ourclubisopentoeveryoneregardless__of__age,sexoreducationalbackground．3．Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening,we__havebeentrying__(try)tomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful．4．Thechurch,__dating__(date)fromthe14thcentury,isstillwellpreserved．5．Itwasnotuntilhesawhismom__that__thelittlechildstoppedcrying．6．Iturnedtothebeggar-lookingmannexttome,only__tofind__(find)thathewasmyex-husband(前夫)．7．Asaresultofthehurricane,three-fourthsofthecabinsinthefishingvillageneed__repairing__(repair)．8．ThereasonwhyGeorgeislookingforanotherjobisthathe'sfedup__with__hismanager'scomplaints．9．TheTownHall,__completed__(complete)inthe1880s,wasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime．10．Sheshowedspecialconcernforthecollegestudentsandattachedmuchsignificanceto__educating__(educate)them．Ⅱ．单句改错1．Assumedthattheweatherisfavorable,farmerswillhaveagoodharvest．__Assumed→Assuming__2．Thankyouforallowingmetodescribethesituation,whereIhadnoalternativebutgiveuptheplan．__but后加to__3．Theaudienceevidentlylikedtheplaybecausetheyapplaudedtwominutesattheend．__applauded后加for__4．I'mverysorrytointerruptwithyou,butIhavesomethingveryimportanttotellyou．__去掉with__5．Ourgovernmenttriedhardtoimproveourlivingconditionsbyaccelerationtherateofeconomicgrowth．__acceleration→accelerating__6．Despitetherain,butwecanstilltakepartinphysicalactivitiesinthestadium．__去掉but__Ⅲ．单句写作1．如果你想脱颖而出，除了努力工作别无选择。(alternative)__Thereisnoalternativebuttoworkhardifyouwanttostandout．__2．人们普遍认为压力是由工作太多导致的。(assume)__Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork．__3．上海已经加速了成为世界级旅游胜地的步伐。(accelerate)__Shanghaihasacceleratedthepaceofbecomingaworldclasstouristdestination．__4．他们匆忙赶到教室，却发现所有学生都离开了。(onlytodo)__Theyhurriedtotheclassroom，onlytofindthatallthestudentshadleft．__5．要是我没有放弃那次进一步学习的机会就好了！(ifonly)__IfonlyIhadn'tgivenupthechancetostudyfurther！__Ⅳ．语篇填空AgroupofstudentsfromEnglandhascometotheZhoukoudiancavesforavisit．__1．An__archaeologistisshowingthemaround．Thearchaeologistshavebeenexcavatinghereformanyyears．After__2．finding__(find)humanandanimalbonesinthosecaveshigherupthehillaswellastoolsandotherobjects,theythinkitis__3．reasonable__(reason)toassumesomeoftheearliestpeoplelivedthesecaves,regardless__4．of__thecold．Theyalsodiscoveredfireplacesinthecentreofthecaves__5．where__theymadefires．Thatwouldhavekeptthemwarm,cookedthefoodandscaredwildbeastsawayaswell．Someevidencesuggeststhatourancestorsdidwearclothes__6．made__(make)fromanimalskins．Theyevenusedsharpenedstonetools__7．tocut__(cut)upanimalsandremovetheirskin．Thearchaeologistalso__8．shows__(show)thestudentsaprimitivenecklacepreservedquitewell．Indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshave__9．specially__(special)shownus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake．Perhapstherewastradebetweenearlypeoplesortheytraveledtotheseasideon__10．their__(they)journeys．Ⅴ．话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文假设你是李华，你所在班级对是否应该耗费精力和时间考古进行了辩论。你写信给你的好友