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2021-2022学年福建省莆田市【成考专升本】英语真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、阅读理解(10题)1.根据下列材料回答下列各题。
ForsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabiesandothercreatureslearntoDothingsbecausecertainactsleadto“rewards”;andthereisnoreasontoDoubtthatthisistrue.Butitusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewards,atleastintheearlystages,hadtobeDirectlyrelatedtosuchbasicphysiological“drives”asthirstorhunger.Inotherwords,ababywouldlearnifhegotfoodorDrinkorsomesortofphysicalcomfort,nototherwise.
Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.Babieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithnorewardexceptthesuccessfuloutcome.
Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwayto“reward”thebabiesandsoteachthemtocartyoutsomesimplemovements,suchasturningtheheadtoonesideortheother.Thenhenoticedthataba]bywhohadhadenoughtoDrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponsewithclearsignsofpleasure.Sohebegantostudythechildren’sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkWasprovided.Hequicklyfoundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturntheirheadstorightorleftifthemovement“switchedon”aDisplayoflights-andindeedthattheywerecapableoflearningquitecomplextul"11stobringaboutthisresult.Forinstance,twoleftortworight,oreventomakeausmanyasthreeturnstooneside.
Papousek’slightDisplayWasplacedDirectlyinfrontofthebabiesandhemadetheinter-estingobservationthatsometimestheywouldnotturnbacktowatchthelightscloselyalthoughthevwould“smileandbubble”whentheDisplaycameon.Papousekconcludedthatitwasnotprimarilythesightofthelightswhichpleasedthem,itWastheSuccesstheywereachievinginsolvingtheproblem,inmasteringtheskin,andthatthereexistsafundamentalhumanurgetomakesenseoftheworldandbringitunderintentionalcontrol.()Accordingtotheauthor,babieslearntoDothingswhich__________.A.A.areDirectlyrelatedtopleasure
B.willmeettheirphysicalneeds
C.willbringthemafeelingofSuccess
D.willsatisfytheircuriosity
2.Anothergoodtitleforthepassagewouldbe______.
A.CommonNames
B.ComputerMix-ups
C.CoincidenceCausesConfusion
D.DealingWiththeDepartmentofMotorVehicles
3.根据以上内容,回答下列各题。
0neoftheindustrialgiantswhochangedAmericansocietywasHenryFordbornonafarminMichiganin1863,andhegrewuptobringforthsomeofthemostrevolutionaryimprovementsinautomotivetechnologyintheearly20thcentury.Hisoutstandingmechanicalabilityledhimtobecomeinterestedinthenewautomobilesintheearly1900s.ThoughheDidnotinventtheautomobile.heimproveduponeveryoneelse’sDesigns.HeWasapersonwhobelievedininexpensive.efficientproduction,soheestablishedstandardsforhisplantsandworkers.HealsostandardizedandproducedmanynewautopartsforhisFordMotorCompanycarfl.Thenhestudiedtheworlkers,problemsandthousandsofautomobilesperyear.Infact,hisplantshadDroduced15millionModelTSby1927.Ford’spersonalitywasnotallthrift(节俭),efficiencyandinventiveness.however.HewasamanwhowascoldandwhocouldnotkeeppacewiththecompetitionDuetohisownrigidity(严格).HiscompanysufferedbecauseofhisDesiretomaintaintheexistingstateinsteadofmeetingandbeatingthecompetitionbychanginghisprod’ucts.Finally.hesawthathemustchangeorfail,therefore,heintroducedanewtypeengineandonceagaintookovertheautomobilemarket.FordleftalegacyofmillionsofDollars,rail-lionsofjobsforAmericanworkers,andmillionsofsatisfiedcustomers.
ItisHenryFord’sbeliefthat________.A.A.productsshouldbesoldatlowpricesinlargequantity
B.productsshouldbesoldathighpricesinlargequantity
C.productsshouldbemadewithlesscostbuthigherefficiency
D.standardsmustbeestablishedinhisplants
4.Theauthorindictsthelook-sayreadingapproachbecause______.
A.itoverlooksdecoding
B.RudolfFleschagreeswithhim
C.hesaysitisboring
D.manyschoolscontinuetousethismethod
5.WhendidMichaelSchwabesaygoodbyetothegaspump?
A.Twodaysago.
B.Twomonthsago.
C.Twoyearsago.
D.Tenyearsago.
6.Itwas______thataskedMauryforhelpinoceanographicstudies.
A.theAmericanNavy
B.someearlyintercontinentaltravelers
C.thosewhoearnedalivingfromthesea
D.thecompanywhichproposedtolayanunderseacable
7.WecaninferfromthetextthatOwenswastreatedunfairlyintheUSatthattimebecause______.
A.hewasnotoftherightrace
B.hewasthesonofapoorfarmer
C.hedidn'tshakehandswithHitler
D.hedidn'ttalktotheUSpresidentonthephone
8.Youwillattendthecourse______.
A.attheendoftheyear
B.inwinter
C.insummer
D.wheneveryouwish
9.通读下面的短文,回答题。
Lisawasrunninglate.Lisa,25,hadalottodoatwork,plusvisitorsontheway:herparentswerecominginforThanksgivingfromherhometown.Butasshehurrieddownthesubwaystairs,shestartedtofeeluncomfortablywarm.Bythetimeshegottotheplatform,Lisafeltweakandtired——maybeithadn"tbeenagoodideatogivebloodthenightbefore,shethought.Sherestedherselfagainstapostclosetothetracks.
Severalyardsaway,Frank,43,andhisgirlfriend,Jennifer,foundaspotclosetowherethefrontofthetrainwouldstop.Theyweredeepindiscussionaboutahousetheywerethinkingofbuying.
Butwhenheheardthescream,followedbysomeoneyelling,"Oh,myGod,shefellin!"Frankdidn"thesitate.Hejumpeddowntothetracksandransome40feettowardthebodylyingontherails."No!Notyou!"hisgirlfriendscreamedafterhim.
Shewasrighttobealarmed.BythetimeFrankreachedLisa,hecouldfeelthetracksshakingandseethelightcoming.Thetrainwasabout20secondsfromestation.
Itwashardtolifther.Shewasjustout.Buthemanagedtoraiseherthefourfeettotheplatform
sothatbystanderscouldholdherbythearmsanddragherawayfromtheedge.ThatwaswhereLisabrieflyregainedconsciousness,feltherselfbeingpulledalongtheground,andsawsomeoneelseholdingherpurse.
Lisathoughtshe"dbeenrobbed.Awomanheldherhandandamangavehisshirttohelpstopthebloodpouringfromherhead.Andshetriedtotalkbutshecouldn"t,andthatwaswhensherealizedhowmuchpainshewasin.
Policeandfireofficialssoonarrived,andFranktoldthestorytoanofficer.Jennifersaidherboyfriendwascalmontheir40-minutetrainridedowntown——justashehadbeensecondsaftertherescue,whichmadeherthinkaboutherreactionatthetime."IsawthetraincomingandIwasthinkinghewasgoingtodie,"sheexplained.
WhatwasthemostprobablecauseforLisa‘sweakness?查看材料
A.Shehadrunalongway.
B.Shefelthotinthesubway.
C.Shehaddonealotofwork.
D.Shehaddonatedbloodthenightbefore.
10.Ifyouneedatransfusion,thebestandsafestbloodforyouis______.
A.typeAB
B.exactlythesametypeasyours
C.amixtureofsalt,plasmaandtypeO
D.typeA
二、完型填空(10题)11.【B3】
A.doorB.doorsC.peopleD.signals
12.(48)
A.periodB.dateC.startedD.beginning
13.【C13】
A.continueB.hopeC.hateD.prefer
14.(51)
A.withB.byC.inD.from
15.25.()A.A.himB.himselfC.themD.myself
16.Withoutproperplanning,tourismcancauseproblems.Forexample,【21】manytouristscan【22】publicplacesthatarealsoenjoyed【23】theinhabitants(居住者)ofacountry:Iftourists【24】toomuchtraffic,theinhabitantsbecomeannoyedand【25】.Theybegintodisliketouristsandto【26】themimpolitely.They【27】howmuchtourismcanhelpthecountry'seconomy.Itisimportantto【28】aboutthepeopleofatouristattractionandhowtourismaffectsit.Tourismshouldhelpacountry【29】thecustomsandbeautythatattracttourists.
Toomuchtourismcanbeaproblem.Iftourism【30】tooquickly,peoplemustleaveotherjobstoworkinthetourismindustry.This【31】thatotherpartsofthecountry'seconomycansuffer.
Ontheotherhand,ifthereisnotenoughtourism,peoplecan【32】jobs.Businesscanalsolosemoney.It【33】agreatdealofmoneytobuildlargehotels,airports,airterminal,firstclassroads,andothersupportfacilities(设施)【34】bytouristattractions.Forexample,amajorinternational-classtourism【35】cancostasmuchas50thousanddollarsperroomtobuild.Ifthisroomisnotusedmostofthetime,theownersofthehotellosemoney.
(41)
A.soB.howC.tooD.rather
17.(46)A.goneB.replacedC.expensiveD.popular
18.【C6】
A.withoutB.beforeC.afterD.while
19.(44)
A.dateB.yearC.animalsD.time
20.【B6】
A.byB.throughC.onD.under
三、词汇与结构(10题)21.Hewasbusyyesterday;otherwisehe______tothemeeting.
A.wouldhavecomeB.wouldcomeC.couldcomeD.hadcome
22.______(cross)theroad,theoldwomanwasknockeddownbyacar.
23.We'dliketo______atableforfivefordinnerthisevening.
A.preserveB.reserveC.retainD.sustain
24.Oneofhisattributesishisabilityto______todifferentworkingconditions.
A.adaptB.adeptC.adoptD.admit
25.Itstimehe______somethingforhiscomingexamination.
A.doB.doesC.didD.willdo
26.______hethoughthewashelpinguswiththeworkhewasactuallyintheway.
A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.IfD.When
27.Thereisadifferencebetweenbeinglaidoffandbeingfired______ajob.
A.atB.fromC.withD.to
28.I'mnotleaving______Igetanapologyfromyou.
A.sothatB.aslongasC.whileD.until
29.Thiskindofcoffeeisdifferent
A.anditisalsobetter
B.fromtheother,andbetter
C.andbetterthantheother
D.butalsobetterthanothers
30.ManyaschoolintheUnitedStates______totrainmenintheology.
A.wassetupB.weresetupC.hassetupD.havesetup
四、日常会话(2题)31.(60)
32.58.____________A.Hardlyever.
B.Nowonderyoulooksowell.
C.Followmyadvice.
D.I'msure.
E.Doyouwanttogowithme?
F.Righton!
G.Haveaniceday.
H.That'stoobad.
五、书面表达(0题)33.你(LiYuan)刚买了一块表,但你不满意,因为它总有毛病。写一封投诉信,其内容如下:
(1)买表的时间、地点;
(2)出现的问题;
(3)要求退货。
六、写作(0题)34.Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteanarrativepassagein100-120wordsaccordingtothefollowingsituations.
假设你在上班的路上(或公交车上)发现小偷正在偷别人的钱。描写这个事件的过程。
参考答案
1.C
2.C解析:整篇文章描述了两个人的名字的巧合造成许多的麻烦。
3.C
4.A
5.C解析:参见第一段的第一句。
6.D解析:文章第四段第一句话表明是大西洋电信公司向Maury求助的。
7.A解析:从文章中可以推断是种族歧视的原因。
8.C解析:本题考查的足推断能力。该题可以从文章第二行HeldfromJunetoAugust推导出C选项insummer。
9.D事实细节题。
【应试指导】从第一段倒数第二句可知,Lisa怀疑自己虚弱的原因是她献血了。
10.B解析:参见第二段。
11.B解析:被控有罪人必须打开其中的一个。根据上下文,这里指的肯定是门。
12.B解析:这化石层的年代属于恐龙、稀奇古怪的爬行动物等时期。这里提到了三叠纪,侏罗纪和白垩纪时期的动物,以及早期的哺乳动物及其他的生命形式。
13.D通过女孩后面所说的话判断,她喜欢听着音乐做功课。
14.D解析:见上一条。
15.B他对自己说。
16.C解析:本题属词语辨析题。toomany表示贬义,多得过了头。
17.D解析:文章没有涉及价格,只是谈论变化。说作者小时,电视刚普及。选项D是正确的。
18.D此处表示电视购物广告,既有产品描述又有模特的演示,while在这里强调两个动作同时进行。
19.D解析:见上一条。datefrom意为“属于什么年代”,thetimeof意为“是什么时期的”。
20.B解析:movethrough意为“穿越”,符合题意。
21.A解析:表示对过去发生事实的假设要用虚拟语气。
22.Crossing
23.B解析:本题考动词的辨析。preserve意为“保存”;reserve意为“预订”;retain意为“留”;sustain意为“维持”。本句大意为:我们想订今晚五人的餐桌。
24.A解析:adaptto表“与……适应,协调”。
25.C在“Itis(was)+time+that从句”的句型中,要使用虚拟语气,即that从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。
26.A解析:该题测试although引出状语从句的用法。该题的意思是“虽然他认为他在帮助我们工作,但实际上他在妨碍我们”。题干中intheway意思是“妨碍”。B选项Because“因为”,C选项If“如果”以及D选项When均与题意不合,故不用。
27.B解析:befiredfromajob表“被从某个岗位上解雇下来”。
28.D解析:not...until直到...。你不向我道歉我就不走。(直到你向我道歉我再走。)
29.B
30.A解析:manya是固定用法,后跟单数名词,与其对应的谓语也用单数。本句是被动句。
31.SureMiss
32.F上一句Alison说:不要找借口了。如果你真想锻炼的话,你总能找到时间的。58空是Peter对此句的回答。选F.Righton:(你说的没错)符合上下文的意思。
33.ToWhomItMayConcern:
Threedaysago,IjustgotthewatchIorderedfromyourstore.Yousentitontimeandthanksforthat.ButIfoundseveralproblems.First,thecolorisnotwhatIwanted.Iwantedgolden,butyougavemesilverinstead.IthoughtthatwouldbeOK,ifeverythingelseisgoodenough.Thestrange
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