中考英语语法时态串讲(精华版)课件

中考时态2023/7/251教学目标2023/7/252第一部分英语时态和汉语时间表示的区别2023/7/253什么是时态?汉语有没有时态?2023/7/254汉语中的时间表达方式--加入时间词英语中的时间表达方式--时态2023/7/255时态的含义__时间表示法一:时,即每种时态对应一个时间段,学习时态一定要先弄明白每种时态所在生活中对应的时间.这是理解的问题二:态,即每种时态都有自己独特的表达方式.这点和汉语存在巨大的差别.汉语中表达时间只需要在时间词上做变化就达到目的了,而英语除了时间词上做变化,谓语动词也要有相应的变化.2023/7/256汉语和英语对于时间

不同的划分方法一般现在时现在进行时过去完成时一般将来时一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时将来现在过去现在完成时2023/7/257汉语和英语对于时间描述的基本区别2023/7/258第二部分练习找到每种时态在生活中的代表的时间含义2023/7/259我平时在7点起床今天我打算在8点起床我正在起床昨天我7点起床的昨天7点我正在起床昨天我打算在8点起床昨天7点我已经起床了今天7点我已经起床了过去时2023/7/2510Igetupat7:00.iwillgetupat8.Iamgoingtogetupat8.Iamgettingupat8.Iwillgetupwhenothersgotowork.IamgettingupnowIhavegottenuptill7:00.Igotupat7lastmorningIwasgettingupat7lastmorningIwouldgetupat8lastmorning.Iwasgoingtogetupat8.Ihadgottenuptill8lastmorning2023/7/2511这座山终年云雾缭绕这座山昨天云雾缭绕我明天想游览这座山我正在爬山我昨天下午正在爬山我今天已经爬过这座山了我昨天想游览这山我昨天下午已经爬过这座山了2023/7/2512Themountainiscloudy.Themountainwascloudy.Iwillclimbthemountaintomorrow.Iwouldclimblastafternoon.Ioften/usuallygetupat7Iwillgetup/Iamgoingtogetup/Iamgettingupat8IamgettingupIgotupat7yesterdayIwouldgetup/Iwasgoingtogetup/Iwasgettingupat8yesterdayIwasgettingupthistimeyesterday2023/7/2513第三部分八种时态的讲解2023/7/2514现在过去2023/7/2515一般现在时2023/7/25161:一般现在时一般现在时的两层含义经常发生的动作或存在的状态Igotoschoolbybike我骑车上学Itisveryhot.天很热客观事实或普遍真理A:B:Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东升起易错点:上下文用过去时,表示客观真理仍然要用一般现在时Hesaidthattheearthisround.他说地球是圆的(时)2023/7/2517Hesaid“Iwillkillyou.”Hesaidthathewouldkillhim.Hesaid“theearthisround.”Hesaidthattheearthisround2023/7/2518Be动词类(状态)行为动词类(动作)IamHe/she/it(单)+isYou/they/we(复)+are主(复)+v(原)Theylikegame.主(单)+VsHelikesgame.(态)2023/7/2519前提:一般现在时be前置于句首...?Heisastudent.Isheastudent?Do+主+v原...?(复)Theylikegame.Dotheylikegame?Does+主+v原...?(单)Helikesgame.Doeshelikegame?2023/7/2520前提:一般现在时主+benot+...Heisastudent.Heisnotastudent.主+donot+v原...(复)Theylikegame.Theydonotlikegame主+doesn't+v原...(单)Helikesgame.Hedoesnotlikegame2023/7/2521特殊用法:在状语从句中,如果主句和从句都表示将来的时间含义,

那么从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时.Iwillgoifitisfinetomorrow.如果明天好天我就去Weshallbeawaywhenhearrives.他一来我们就离开Iwon’tgooutunlessyouagree.我不会出去除非你同意2023/7/2522如果明天下雨,我就在家睡觉Ifitisrainytomorrow,Iwillsleep/fallasleepathome当她回家时,我将做好饭Whenshegetshome,Iwillfinishdinner你一来我就走Assoonasyoucome,Iwillgo.如果王月生病了,她妈妈会照顾她Hermotherwilllookafterherifsheisill2023/7/2523练习(用一般现在时完成句子)Yourshoes(be)underthebed.I(be)verywell,thankyou.We(have)manybooks.She(have)abookinherhand.I(live)inKaiFeng.He(watch)TVeveryevening.Shenever(get)uplate.He(notcare)whatyoudo.请将6,7,8句改成疑问句和否定句2023/7/2524现在进行时2023/7/2525现在进行时(时)表示现在正在发生的动作,强调眼前这一点.I’mwritingaletter.我正在写信TheyarelearningEnglish.他们正在学英语Isitrainingnow?现在下雨了吗?和come,goleave,start,arrive…等词连用,表示即将发生的动作.I’mseeinghimtomorrow.我准备明天看他Whatareyoudoingnextweek?你下周打算干什么?2023/7/2526现在进行时(态)1212122023/7/2527练习1(用括号内词组回答问题)Whatareyoudoingnow?(readabook)(walkthroughthepark)(openabottle)(drinktea)(havelunch)(lookatsomepictures)将上面七个句子改为否定句和疑问句2023/7/2528练习2(将every改为now/today,改写下列句子并翻译)

即:一般现在时转换为现在进行时示例:Igotomyofficeeveryday.Iamgoingtomyofficenow.Heeatsriceeveryday.Hewearsabluedresseveryday.Theworkerscomeherebybuseveryday.Idosomeexerciseseveryday.Mybrotherdoesnotlistentotheradioeveryday.2023/7/2529Mybrotherdoesnotlistentotheradioeveryday.Helistenstotheradio主+benot+vingHeisnotlisteningtotheradionowDotheygetupat8?Aretheygettingupnow?Yaomingdoesn’tdieHeisnotdyingnow.2023/7/2530一般将来时2023/7/2531一般将来时(时):表示以现在为起点,将要发生的事情.Hewillgoswimmingtomorrow.他准备明天游泳Heisgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.Theywillgoswimmingtomorrow他们准备明天游泳Theyaregoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.2023/7/2532(态)12A:B:122023/7/2533一般将来时(态)1212122023/7/2534一般将来时(态)1212122023/7/2535还有没有不是将来时,但能表示将来的含义的时态呢?2023/7/2536一般将来时主+will+V原主+begoingto+V原一般现在时主句将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来现在进行时瞬间动词做谓语,表示将来含义2023/7/2537练习:将下列句子改为否定句和疑问句

Youwillbelate.Wewillstaywiththem.HeisgoingtolearnEnglish.TheywillflytoLondontomorrow.2023/7/2538练习:将下列句子改为将来时,

相应地更改或增添时间状语例:Iwritetohimonceamonth.Iwillwritetohimtomorrow.Heisworkingveryhard.Atwhattimedoyouhavedinner?DoyouplayfootballonSunday?Doyougotoworkbybus?2023/7/2539一般过去时2023/7/2540一般过去时(时):表示过去某段时间发生的动作,反复发生的动作或存在的状态.Hewentswimmingyesterday.他昨天去游泳了Theylikedgoingswimming他们以前喜欢游泳Hewasateacher.他以前是老师Theywereteachers.他们以前是老师2023/7/2541Be动词类(状态)行为动词类(动作)I+wasHe/she/it(单)+wasYou/they/we(复)+were主+V过去式Theylikedgame.(态)Theycamehere.2023/7/2542前提:一般过去时be前置于句首...?Hewasastudent.Washeastudent?Did+主+v原...?Theylikedgame.Didtheylikegame?Helikedgame.Didhelikegame?2023/7/2543前提:一般现在时主+benot+...Hewasastudent.Hewasnotastudent.主+didnot+v原...Theylikedgame.TheydidnotlikegameHelikedgame.Hedidnotlikegame2023/7/2544一般现在时PK一般过去时2023/7/2545时间状语的变化2023/7/2546在...之前2023/7/2547练习:将下列句子改为否定句和疑问句

Johnlivedherelastyear.Marylikedthosecakes.Wewalkedtothetheatrelastnight.Jackwaitedonthebus.Theyaskedmanyquestions.2023/7/2548练习:将下列句子改为一般过去时,

相应地更改时间状语例:Iwritetohimonceamonth.Iwrotetohimlastnight.Helivesinthishouse.Wewillleaveherenextweek.HewillseeyoutomorrowmorningWillyourbrothermeetyou?Ourholidaybeginstoday.Ialwaysgetupatsix.2023/7/2549Helivesinthishouse.Weareleavingherenow.HeisseeingyounowDoesyourbrothermeetyou?Ourholidaybeginstoday.Ialwaysgetupatsix.2023/7/2550练习:ago与before

例:Ienteredmiddleschool(大约五年前).Ienteredmiddleschoolabout5yearsago.Theycamehere(暑假前)andImetthem(三天前)Itwasverycold(春节前)HelivedinKaiFeng(2002年以前)Shedecidedtodoit(3分钟以前)2023/7/2551现在完成时2023/7/2552现在完成时(时)最难的地方是和一般过去时的时间上的区别.现在完成时是以过去为时间起点,但是说话人着眼于现在的结果,而不管过去是什么时候发生的.2023/7/2553正在射击Heisshooting.他正在射击刚才射击Heshot.他刚才射击刚才射击,一直射击到现在(完成时)Hehasshottillnow.他到现在一直在射击2023/7/2554现在完成时

(从过去开始,现在已完成或未完成)Hedidhishomeworkjustnow他刚才做作业Hedidhishomeworkjustnow(他刚才做作业)hehasdonetillnow.(一直到现在仍然在做).hehasdoneover3hours(他一直写了三个小时)2023/7/2555现在完成时Youareastudentnow你现在是个学生Youhavebeenastudentsince1996你从1996年就是学生.Youhavebeenastudentfor9years你作为一个学生已经九年了.2023/7/2556现在完成时(态)1212122023/7/2557现在完成时易错点Come,go,leave,arrive,join,die,marry等动词所表示的动作是一时的,故不能和since…for…等表示一段时间的状语连用2023/7/2558典型错误正确句子2023/7/2559现在完成时(特殊用法,注意区别)Havegonetosp已经去某地Hehasgonetozz他已经去郑州了.Havebeentosp曾去过某地Hehasbeentozz他曾去过郑州2023/7/2560Since和for的区别2023/7/2561最易考1.与一般过去时的时间判断2.不是说瞬间动词不能用于完成时Hehaseatenthesupper;而是说瞬间动词不能和持续时间连用.Hehasbeen/stayedinthetripfor3days3.如何解决?由have+ved-----have+been+同意义形容词转化.Hehasdiedfor3years.---hehasbeendeadfor3years.4.当...时,某人已经…thetrainhadleftthestationwhenwegotto.5.Sbbeinterestedin结构的时态记忆:sbhasbeen+interested…6.Hasbeento–hasgoneto7.Since–for…8.完成时的标志:since,sofar(现在完成时)到目前为止2023/7/2562动作与状态的转换Heeatsupthedinner,soheisHeleaveK.F.Thedoorisclosedbyhim.SothedoorisHecarriesacase.Sohecomes…2023/7/2563瞬间动作与持续的区分当他进来时,我们已经开始上课了.Wehavebegunwhenhecomesin.当他进来时,我们已经上课一段时间了.WehavehadforawhilewhenhecomesinOurclasshasbeenforawhilewhenhecomesin.2023/7/2564练习---当…时,…已经当我们到达时,他已经等很长时间了当天晴时,已经下了三天雨了.当我们发现他前,他已经死三天了Hehadwaitedforawhilewhenwegotto.Ithadrainedfor3dayswhenitwassunny.Hehadbeendeadfor3daysbeforewefoundhim.2023/7/2565练习他一直对这个让人惊讶的孩子很惊讶.她一直对这个好玩的游戏感兴趣.Hehasbeensurprisedtothesurprisingboy.Shehasbeeninterestedinthefunnygame.2023/7/2566经常用的几个转换Hedied3yearsago.–Hehasbeendeadfor3years.(died---hasbeendead)HewenttoHZC3daysago–hehasbeeninHZCfor3days.(wenttosp–hasbeeninsp)Hemarried3daysago–hehasbeenmarriedfor3days.(marry–hasbeenmarried)Hemarriedher3daysago–hewasmarriedtoher3daysagoThestudentboughtthebooktwodaysago.(完成)Thestudent_____thebook__twodaysago.2023/7/2567练习:将下列句子改为否定句和疑问句

Ihaveansweredhisletter.Hehasaskedhertocome.Motherhascookedthedinner.Thestudentshaveclosedthewindow.Wehavehadagoodrest.2023/7/2568练习:用一般过去时或现在完成时完成句子

They(go)toAmericalastyear.Iamsorry,I(forget)yourname.Myfriend(finish)collegelastyear.He(notspeak)tomesincetheclass(begin)She(buy)abikelastmonth.Theman(lose)moneyyesterday.I(read)thebookinthelibrary.I(get)backtheumbrellawhichIleftinthebus.I(neverhear)herspeakinpublic(公共场所)2023/7/2569A:I(get)upearlythismorningand(have)breakfastat7:00a.m.afterbreakfast,I(work)atmylessons.B:I(nothave)mybreakfastuntilnow.11.Yourdinnerisready;I(put)itonthetable.You(send)theletteroffyesterday?Bill(notfind)hiswatchyet.Iamnothungry.I(justhave)mydinner.He(come)justamomentago.He(be)inBeiJingfor30years.He(come)herein19952023/7/2570WentHaveforgetFinishhasnotspokenbeganBoughtLostReadHavegotHaveneverheardGot,

had,worked,haven’thad

HaveputDid…sendHasn’tfoundHavejusthadCameHasbeen,came答案2023/7/2571过去进行时2023/7/2572过去进行时(时)表示过去正在发生的动作,强调过去这一点.有表示过去的时间提示(或上下文/或有时间词)Iwaswritingaletterthattime.我那时正在写信TheywerelearningEnglishlastnight.

他们正在学英语wasitrainingatthattime?那时正在下雨了吗?2023/7/2573过去进行时(态)1212122023/7/2574现在进行时PK过去进行时2023/7/2575练习:用扩号内的一般过去时或过去进行时形式完成下列句子Mysister(write)aletterwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.She(do)herlessonswhileherbrother(play)game.They(sing)and(talk)whentheteacher(come)intotheroom.Whenthephone(ring),I(pick)upthereceiver.AsI(go)toschoolthismorning,I(see)acar.2023/7/2576WaswritingWasdoing,wereplayingWassingingandtalking,camerang,pickedwasgoing,saw答案2023/7/2577过去将来时2023/7/2578过去将来时(时):表示以过去某一时间点为起点,将要发生的事情.

Thatdayhesaidhewouldgotoschool.

那天他说他准备去上学Theytoldmethattheywouldgotoschool.

他们告诉我他们准备去上学Theytoldmethattheyweregoingtogotoschool.

他们告诉我他们准备去上学2023/7/2579(态)12A:B:122023/7/2580过去将来时(态)1212122023/7/2581过去将来时(态)1212122023/7/2582一般将来时PK过去将来时2023/7/2583练习:用扩号内的过去将来时形式

完成下列句子Theweathermansaidit(rain)thenextday.Theyweresurethey(finish)theworkontime.Ihadnoideawhenthey(come)again.Mygrandmawasarrivingthisevening.We(meet)heratthestation.Iwonderedifdinner(be)ready.2023/7/2584过去完成时2023/7/2585过去完成时(时)到过去某一时间点已经完成的动作或状态,并且可能继续延续下去