2022-2023学年江西省吉安市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江西省吉安市高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ALet'sgetinspiredbyreadingaboutthefollowingfouryoungpeople.

ReshmaKosaraju

At12，herfamilymovedtoNorthernCalifornia.Soonafter，theCampFirestarted."ItwasoneofthelargestfiresinCaliforniahistory，"Reshma，now17，said.Herschoolwasabout200milessouthofthefire.Butstudentshadtowearmasksbecauseofthesmoke，whichmadehercreateawaytouseartificialintelligence（AI）topredictforestfires.

NihalTammana

Onhis10thbirthday，helearnedthateveryyear15billionbatteriesarethrownout.Theyharmtheenvironment.Nihal'sorganization，RecycleMyBattery，providesrecyclingboxesforbatteries.Ithasateamof250studentvolunteersaroundtheworld.Inthepastthreeyears，they'vehelpedrecycleover260，000batteries."Mybiggestgoalistobringthe15billionbatteriesbeingthrownawayeachyearworldwidetozero，"the14-year-oldboysays.

MilesFetherston-Resch

Miles，now10，isinthebusinessofsavingoceans.Learningsharkswereintrouble，hepersuadedhismomtohelphimstartanon-profitorganizationcalledKidsSavingOceans，whosewebsitesellsT-shirtsandhatsmadeoutofrecycledplasticfoundintheocean.Some＄40，000sofarhasbeendonatedtoorganizationsthatsupportcleanwaterways.

MiaPrice

Mia，18，isthechairofthesustainabilitycommittee（可持续发展委员会）attheKinkaidSchool，inHouston，Texas.Thecommitteerecentlymetitsgoalofgettingridofplasticwaterbottlesfromtheschooldiningcenter.NowMiawantstomaketheschoolcampusgreener.Herideasincludedinstalling（安装）solarpanelsandLEDlightbulbsandrecyclingmaterialsfromtheoldgym.1.WhatdoweknowaboutRecycleMyBattery？______A.Itwasfoundedbyaccident.

B.ItwasNihal'sbirthdaygift.

C.Ithasfinisheditsbiggestgoal.

D.Ithasattractedworldwideattention.2.Who'skeepinganeyeontheschoolcanteen？______A.Reshma. B.Mia. C.Nihal. D.Miles.3.Whatdothefourpeoplehaveincommon？______A.Theyallneedvolunteersbadly. B.They'vesetuptheirsocieties.

C.Theyarekidheroesfornature. D.Theyareallyounginventors.BJennyisatelecommunications（电信）engineer.Excitedaboutanewlife，shedecidedtomovewithherhusbandandchildrentoAustralia.There，shedidnotfindajobinherfield.Everyweek，Jennywasapplyingformorethanahundredjobsadvertisedononlinejobadvertisingplatforms.ShenowworksasacleaneratasmallMalaysiancafe.

"I'mstilllookingforajobinmyfieldinAustralia.I'mnotsurewhyIdon'thearfromheadhunters（物色人才者）.Idon'tgetreplies.Ieventrydifferentroles.Ievenappliedforfactoryworkandcustomerserviceroles.Ican'tgetintoanyofthem，"shesays.Jennyhasmorethan10yearsofworkexperienceandagoodcommandoftheEnglishlanguage.

Jennyisoneofmanyhighlyskilledmigrantswhostrugglestofindajobmatchingtheirqualifications，experience，andskillet."Idon'tthinktheyrecognizemyqualifications.IshowedmyCV（简历）tomanypeople，includingsomeofmyfriendswhoareworkinginthefield，andeveryonesaysI'mqualified.IfeeldiscouragedandsometimeslosethehopestobeabletoworkasanengineerinAustralia.Iamfedupwithit，"shesays.Finally，thiscreatestheconditionswherewomenlikeJennyprobablyareoftenforcedintojobswellbelowtheirskilllevel.

AsJennynotes，downwardcareermobilitydoesn'tonlyresultinlowerwages；itquicklymakeswomenhavelowself-confidence."Itisadisappointment.Idon'tfeellikeapplyingforjobsinmyfieldanymore.EvenifIworkandgainAustralianexperience，IwillbejudgedandwillneverberewardedforwhoIam.So，Idecidednottofurthermycareeranddisappointmyself.Ihadto，choosebetweenmypassionandreality，So，Ichoosethereality，"shesays.4.WhatdidJennydoactivelyonherarrivalinAustralia？______A.ShebeganlearningEnglish. B.Sheworkedasanengineer.

C.Shestartedlookingforjobs. D.SheopenedaMalaysiancafe.5.WhatdidJennycometorealizeinAustralia？______A.Someofherfriendsmadeherdown.

B.Ordinaryjobswereharderto；find.

C.Australianengineerswerewell-paid.

D.Herworkexperiencesweren'tvalued.6.WhatdidJennydecidetodoconcerningherjobintheend？______A.Applyforahighersalary. B.Studyandgetabetterjob.

C.Abandonheroriginalidea. D.Gobacktoworkfromhome.7.WhichofthefollowingdoesJennyprobablyagreewith？______A.One'sworkingbackgroundisnotnecessary.

B.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatmajoryoutakeincollege.

C.WomenareoftenlookeddownuponinAustralia.

D.Australianwomenareparticularwhenchoosingjobs.CNobodylikestolosemoney.Butifyouhappentodropsomecashbyaccident，Tokyo，Japan，maybeoneofthebestplacestodoit.Tokyopolicereportthatroughly＄29.6millionincashwashandedintoitsLostlandFoundCenterin2022.

InJapan，peopleareexpectedtoturninanylostmoneythattheyfind.It'sactuallyalaw.Butifsomeoneclaimsmoneythathasbeenturnedin，thefindercangetarewardworthupto20%ofthemoney.And，afterthreemonths，ifnoonehasclaimedthemoney，thefindergetstokeepitall.

Butevenso，theamountofmoneyturnedininTokyolastyearsetarecord.Thetotalwasabout＄29.6million.That'sabout＄1.1millionmorethantheprecedingrecord，whichwassetin2019.Onaverage，peopleinTokyofoundandturnedinabout＄81，000everydaylastyear.TokyoisthecapitalofJapan，whichishometonearly14millionpeople，andahugelybusyplaceattractingsomanytourists.Soit'snowonderthatlotsofthingsgetlostthere.

About3.43millionlostitemswerehandedintopolicestationslastyear，whichisanincreaseof21.9%from2021.ThemostcommonlylostitemsweredrivinglicensesorotherIDcards.Thepolicecollectedabout730，000ofthese.TheincreaseinlostitemsisduetotheslowingsignsofCOVID-19infections，leadingtoanincreaseinpeopletravelingoutdoors.AccordingtotheLostandFoundCenter，thenumberoflostitemsbetween2015and2019remainedsteadyataround4million.AfterCOVID-19hit，thisnumbersharplydeclinedto2.81millionin2020and2.81millionin2021.8.WhatcanbelearntabouttheLostandFoundCenterinJapan？______A.Ithasafixedrewardsystem.

B.It'sJapan'sbusiestdepartment.

C.Itcankeeplostmoneytoitself.

D.It'satouristattractioninTokyo.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"preceding"inParagraph3mean？______A.True. B.Previous. C.Final. D.Possible.10.Whatarethestatisticsinthelastparagraphmainlyaboutconcerninglostitems？______A.Thevarietiesoflostitems.

B.Thewaysofhandlinglostitems.

C.Thepossibilityoffindinglostitems.

D.TheeffectsofCOVID-19onlostitems.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？______A.Business. B.Entertainment. C.Sociallife. D.Publichealth.DScientistsattheUniversityofMarylandcreatedawoodenknifeandclaimeditwassharperthansteel.

Morethan60yearsago，inthebookMasteringtheArtofFrench，Cooking，JuliaChild，themostfamouscookingAmericaatthattime，wroteabouttheimportanceofkitchentools.

"Intheory，agoodcookshouldbeabletodowellinanysituation.However，cookingismucheasier，moreenjoyableandmoreefficientifyouhavetherighttools，"Childsaid.Thethreethingsshementionedwereawhisk（搅拌器），apan，andaknife，specificallyasteelknife.

However，decadeslater，aresearchteamannouncedtheyhavedevelopedakindofwoodthatis23timesharderthannaturalwood.Theyalsousethewoodtomakeaknife.Thescientistsshowthatitisalmost3timessharperthansteelknivesonthemarket.

TengLi，leaderoftheresearchteam，saidtheyusedjuniperwood，asoftkindofwoodcommonlyusedtomakemusicalinstrumentbodies.However，theyareworkingtobeabletoapplyothertypesofwood.Theyexperimentedwithusingawoodenknifetocutasteak，alongwithvegetables，suchascarrots，onionsandtomatoes.Greatresults!BobKramer，aknifeandswordmasterinBellingham，Washington，saysheneedstotesttheknifebeforecommenting.

"Tryslicingalemon，slicinganonionandslicingarawchickenwithit.Ifdonewell，youcanfeelthepoweroftheknife，"saidthe30-year-oldmaster.

TengLisaidhelistenedtosuchworriesintheprocessofcreatingthewoodenknife"sharperthansteel".Accordingtohim，woodentoolssuchaschopsticks，spoonsandcuttingboardsarestillwidelyusedinkitchensaroundtheworld，whichmeanstheyhaveahighusevalue.Theexperimentshowshardwoodknivescanlastlongerthansolidwood.Ontheotherhand，hardwoodknivescanalsoberesharpenedlikesteelknives.12.WhydoestheauthormentionJuliaChild？______A.Shethoughtcookingwasakindofart.

B.Sheoncewantedtohaveawoodenknife.

C.Shewasthemostfamouscookatonetime.

D.Shesaidgoodcooksmusthaveproperknives.13.What'sBobKramer'sattitudetothewoodenknife'suse？______A.Critical. B.Careful. C.Favorable. D.Unclear.14.WhatdoesTengLiwanttoexpressaboutwoodenknivesinthelastparagraph？______A.They'llbereshapedsoon. B.They'llbetestedoncemore.

C.They'llhaveapromisingfuture. D.They'llreachcustomerssoon.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.SteelKnivesAreStillNecessaryNowadays

B.WoodenKnifeSharperThanSteelIsInvented

C.WoodenKnivesAreDemandedontheMarket

D.NothingCanReplaceHigh-GradeSteelKnives二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Betweentheagesoftwoandeight，IhaveveryfewmemoriesofMumwhichdidn'tinvolveherwearingasuitandrushingoutofthedoor.IwouldcatchsightofheronTV，whichallmyfriendsatschoolthoughtwasreallyexcitingbutIjustfoundembarrassing.（1）______Myfriends'mumsseemedabletobethereattheschoolgate，eagertotaketheirchildren'spaintingsorgoldstaressays.

（2）______IjustknewthatIhadaworkingmum.Itcertainlydidn'tfeellikeanhonourtohaveaMumwhocouldn'tbeattheschoolgate，whowasalwayslateforparents'meetingsandtheschoolplay.OneofmyclearestmemoriesisthatMummissedmewinningmyfirstlong-distancerace.Mumhadpromisedtobethere，butasusualshewaslate.（3）______WhenIwas13，Iwenttoboardingschool.Everyoneelsewasreallyhomesick，butithardlybotheredmeatall.IfeltlikeI'dbeenlivingonmyownforaverylongtime.（4）______

WhatwillIdowhenIgrowup？Myintentionisnottobeastay-at-homemum，buttofindsomekindofworkwhichmeansthatIcanbewithmychildrenwhentheyarelittle.（5）______However，Idon'twantmyownchildrenevertosay，"Mumwasneverthere."

A.Mumcouldpickmeupfromschool.

B.Asaresult，I'mnowaveryindependentperson.

C.Iexpectedtohaveamumwhowaslikeeveryoneelse's.

D.Iwastooyoungtounderstandwhatacareerwasatthattime.

E.NowIknowMumhasstruggledhardtomakeagreatlifeforus.

F.IfeelMumgavememanyactivities，suchashorseriding，swimmingandsoon.

G.Whenshefoundme，IwascryingandIwouldnotspeaktoherallthewayhome.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Fouryoungworkerswrotealetteraskingtheirneighboriftheycouldwalkhisdog.The（1）______theygotwasimpressive.

TheboyslivedinasharedflatinBristol，England，andtotheir（2）______，theirlandlord（房东）wouldn'tallowthemtokeepadog.Theyhad（3）______theirwholelivessurroundedbypets，sotheyfoundthepresentsituation（4）______.

Sowhentheysawalittledogintheneighborhood，theywrotealettertotheowner，askingiftheycouldplaywithit."Ifyouever（5）______someonetowalkit，we'llgladlydoso，"theywrote."Ifyou（6）______withyourlittledogtobrightenourday，you'remorethan（7）______.

Wehopethisdoesn'thappentoounexpectedly，butwe（8）______likepets.Theadultlifeisastrugglewithoutone."

They（9）______theletterintheneighbor'smailbox.ThereplytheygotmadethemhappybecauseitwasdirectlyfromStevieTicks，thedog—theletter'sseal（印章）wasa（10）______ofthedog."Whatatreatitwastoreceiveyour（11）______!"wroteStevieTicks（actually，itwaswrittenbyherowner，SarahTolman）."Ilovemeeting（12）______peopleanditwouldbegreatifwecanbefriends.（13）______justisn'thappywithoutadoginit，right？"

Soontheboyswere（14）______toarrangeaplaydatewithStevieTicksandwhat（15）______wasthestartofabeautifulfriendshipbetweenthem.21.

A.reason B.idea C.reply D.purpose22.

A.relief B.joy C.excitement D.annoyance23.

A.forgot B.lived C.recorded D.remembered24.

A.suitable B.interesting C.difficult D.similar25.

A.need B.persuade C.guide D.inspire26.

A.speakup B.comeover C.getaway D.stepforward27.

A.happy B.lucky C.welcome D.understandable28.

A.really B.normally C.merely D.finally29.

A.discovered B.put C.remembered D.touched30.

A.poster B.diary C.gift D.footprint31.

A.letter B.help C.service D.support32.

A.careful B.new C.busy D.confident33.

A.Life B.Time C.History D.Dream34.

A.forced B.expected C.invited D.challenged35.

A.returned B.answered C.changed D.followed四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.MaureenAchiengtookupChineselanguagestudiesduringherundergraduateeducationsothatshecouldgetachancetogotoChina.

However，asjobsbecamehard（1）______（get）andherinterestintheChineselanguagegrew，shetookthestudiesoftheChineselanguage（2）______（much）seriouslythanbeforeandtodaysheteachesthelanguageattheConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityofNairobi.

DuringAchieng'sdaysasastudent，theChineselanguagehadnotbeen（3）______（official）adoptedintotheKenyaneducationsubjectsbutshewasso（4）______（luck）thatshelearnedthelanguageattheConfuciusInstitute.

In2019，theKenyangovernment（5）______（introduce）theChineselanguageasanoptionalsubjectforyounglearners，along（6）______otherforeignlanguagessuchasFrench，GermanandArabic."Givingyoungstudentsthechancetolearn（7）______additionallanguageisbetterbecausetheyhavemoretimeand（8）______（they）brainscanhandleanewlanguage.Italsogivesthemlexposuretothecultureearlyenough，"Achiengadded.

AsaChineselanguage（9）______（teach），AchiengseesnumerousbenefitsforKenyanstudents，（10）______choosetostudyChineseasaforeignlanguage.Theseincludeemploymentchancesaslecturers，translators，andtourguides.TheyarealsolikelytoearnscholarshipsforfurtherstudiesinChinaandlaterlandbusinesschancesinbothKenyaandChina.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你班英国交换生Peter下周即将回国，你们准备为他举办一个欢送会（farewellparty）。请你代表全班给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

（1）目的；

（2）内容；

（3）表达愿望。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearPeter，

Yours，LiHua38.Peterwasahard-workingbusinessmanwhosewifepassedawayyearsago.HedideverythingtotakegoodcareoftheironlydaughterMarywhowas12.

AlthoughPetertookMarytoschooleverymorning，shewouldusuallywalkhomewithherfriendAnnaeveryafternoon.Hewouldthenstandbythewindow，waitingforhertoarrive.Maryalwaysgothomefirst，astheirhousewasrightatthecornerofAnna'sstreet.ThetwogirlswouldwaveatPeter，andhe'dwavebackwithasmileonhisface.

However，recently，hestartedtonoticethatAnnawouldalwayspassbyfirst.Marywouldusuallyfollowafteraroundtwentytothirtyminutes.HedecidedtoseewhereMarywouldgoafterschool.

Peterwaitedinsidehiscarfromacrosstheschool.HespottedMaryleaving.Hestartedthecarandslowlyfollowedherasshewalked.Afterawhile，sheturnedtowardsanoldabandoned（被遗弃的）houseandentered.PeterquicklyparkedthecarandrantowardsthehousetofollowinsidewherehesawMaryapproachanoldmanindirtyclothes.

"Mary!Getawayfromhim!"heshouted.Maryjumpedatherdad'sloudvoiceanddroppedthebagoffoodshehadbroughtforthemanfromtheirschoolcafeteria."Butdad..."shestartedtosay.Beforesheknewit，Peterliftedherandbroughtherinsidethecar.

"Mary，youcan'twalkintoabandonedhousesandtalktohomelessmenlikethat!Whatifhedidsomethingtohurtyou？!"hesaidangrily.

"Butdaddy，canyoupleasegetthedrawingshemadeforme？Please，Iwantthedrawings，"shebegged.SoPeterwentbacktotheabandonedhouseandsawthesamemansittingonthefloor."Mydaughterwon'tstoptalkingaboutsomedrawings，"Petersaid.Thehomelessmanquietlyhandedhimpiecesofpaper.Peterwassurprisedtoseethattheywereportraits（肖像）ofhislatewife.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

"Iusedtobeanartist.Oneday，Iwaslyingontheground，veryillandhungrywhenMarysawme，"themanstartedtoexplain.

Peterimmediatelyfeltterribleformisjudgingtheman.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据NihalTammana部分的Ithasateamof250studentvolunteersaroundtheworld.（它在世界各地有一个由250名学生志愿者组成的团队）可知，该组织得到了世界各地的志愿者的响应。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据MiaPrice部分的Mia，18，isthechairofthesustainabilitycommittee（可持续发展委员会）attheKinkaidSchool，inHouston，Texas.Thecommitteerecentlymetitsgoalofgettingridofplasticwaterbottlesfromtheschooldiningcenter.（18岁的Mia是德克萨斯州休斯顿金凯德学校可持续发展委员会主席。该委员会最近实现了从学校餐饮中心清除塑料水瓶的目标）可知，Mia非常关注学校餐饮中心的绿色发展。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据对这四个孩子的介绍可知，他们均投身环保事业，为环保做出了贡献。由此可知，他们是大自然的儿童英雄。A．They

all

need

volunteers

badly.他们都急需志愿者；B．They've

set

up

their

societies.他们建立了自己的社团；C．They

are

kid

heroes

for

nature.他们是大自然的小英雄；D．They

are

all

young

inventors.他们都是年轻的发明家。故选C。

这篇短文主要介绍了四个年轻人的故事。Reshma

Kosaraju利用人工智能预测森林火灾，Nihal

Tammana通过Recycle

My

Battery组织回收废旧电池，Miles

Fetherston-Resch通过Kids

Saving

Oceans组织销售回收塑料制成的服装来支持清洁水域，Mia

Price致力于使学校校园更加环保，包括安装太阳能电池板、LED灯泡和回收旧体育馆材料。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】C、D、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Everyweek，Jennywasapplyingformorethanahundredjobsadvertisedononlinejobadvertisingplatforms.（每周，珍妮都要在线上招聘平台上申请一百多个职位。）可知，Jenny在一到澳大利亚就开始积极地找工作了。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Jenny

has

more

than

l

0

years

of

work

experience

and

a

good

command

of

the

English

language."Jenny有超过10年的工作经验和良好的英语能力。）以及第三段中的I

don't

think

they

recognize

my

qualifications.（我认为他们不认可我的资格。）可知，Jenny开始意识到了自己原来的工作经历在澳大利亚并不重要，不被认可。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Jenny

is

one

of

many

highly

skilled

migrants

who

struggles

to

find

a

job

matching

their

qualifications，experience，and

skillset.（Jenny是许多高技能移民中的一员，他们努力寻找与自己的资格、经验和技能相匹配的工作。）和最后一段I

don't

feel

like

applying

for

jobs

in

my

field

anymore."（我不想再申请我这个领域的工作了。）及So，I

decided

not

to

further

my

career

and

disappoint

myself.（所以，我决定不再继续我的事业，让自己失望。）可知，Jenny最终决定放弃自己一开始的找专业领域工作的想法。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据第三段Finally，this

creates

the

conditions

where

women

like

Jenny

probably

are

often

forced

into

jobs

well

below

their

skill

level.（最后，这造成了像Jenny这样的女性可能经常被迫从事远远低于她们技能水平的工作的情况。）和最后一段As

Jenny

notes，downward

career

mobility

doesn't

only

result

in

lower

wages；it

quickly

makes

women

have

low

self-confidence.

（正如珍妮所指出的，向下的职业流动性不仅会导致工资降低，它会很快让女性失去自信。）及Jenny所说的话Even

if

I

work

and

gain

Australian

experience，I

will

be

judged

and

will

never

be

rewarded

for

who

I

am.

（即使我工作并获得了澳大利亚的经验，我也会被评判，永远不会因为我是谁而得到奖励。）可知，Jenny会认为在澳大利亚女性经常受到歧视。A．One's

working

background

is

not

necessary.一个人的工作背景是不必要的；B．It

doesn't

matter

what

major

you

take

in

college.你在大学学什么专业都没关系；C．Women

are

often

looked

down

upon

in

Australia.在澳大利亚，妇女经常被人看不起；D．Australian

women

are

particular

when

choosing

jobs.澳大利亚女性在选择工作时很挑剔。故选C。

这段短文主要讲述了Jenny是一名电信工程师，她搬到澳大利亚后无法找到与自己专业相关的工作。她每周在在线招聘平台上申请超过一百个工作，但都没有得到回复。她现在在一家小马来西亚咖啡馆当清洁工。她感到沮丧并失去了信心，决定不再继续在自己的专业领域寻找工作。这种职业下降不仅导致收入降低，还迅速降低了女性的自信心。她选择了现实而放弃了自己的激情。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8~11.【答案】A、B、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段InJapan，peopleareexpectedtoturninanylostmoneythattheyfind.It'sactuallyalaw.Butifsomeoneclaimsmoneythathasbeenturnedin，thefindercangetarewardworthupto20%ofthemoney.And，afterthreemonths，ifnoonehasclaimedthemoney，thefindergetstokeepitall.（在日本，人们被要求将找到的任何丢失的钱归还。这实际上是一条定律。但如果有人认领已经上交的钱，发现者可以获得高达这笔钱20%的奖励。三个月后，如果没有人认领，拾到钱的人就可以保留所有的钱）可知，在日本有一个法律，对拾金不昧者有固定的奖励制度。故选A。

（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子That's

about

＄1.1

million

more

than

the

preceding

record，which

was

set

in

2019.On

average，people

in

Tokyo

found

and

turned

in

about

＄81，000

everyday

last

year.（这比2019年创下的前一纪录多了约110万美元。去年，东京人平均每天收入约8.1万美元。）后面的whichwassetin2019（2019年设定的）信息可知，这里指的是：这比2019年创下的前一个纪录多出约110万美元。由此可知，划线词与B项previous"先前的"意思相近。A．True.正确的；B．Previous.珍贵的；C．Final.最终的；D．Possible.可能的。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段AccordingtotheLostandFoundCenter，thenumberoflostitemsbetween2015and2019remainedsteadyataround4million.AfterCOVID-19

hit，thisnumbersharplydeclinedto2.81millionin2020and2.81millionin2021.（根据失物招领中心的数据，2015年至2019年期间，丢失物品的数量稳定在400万件左右。新冠肺炎疫情后，这一数字急剧下降，2020年为281万件，2021年为281万件）可推知，这些数据是在显示新冠病毒对失物的影响。所以"D．The

effects

of

COVID-19

onlost

items.新冠肺炎对丢失物品的影响。"正确。故选D。

（4）文章出处题。根据第一段Nobodylikestolosemoney.Butifyouhappentodropsomecashbyaccident，Tokyo，Japan，maybeoneofthebestplacestodoit.Tokyopolicereportthatroughly﹩29.6millionincashwashandedintoitsLostlandFoundCenterin2022.（没人喜欢丢钱。但如果你不小心掉了一些钱，日本东京可能是最好的地方之一。东京警方报告称，在2022年，大约2960万美元的现金被交给了失物招领中心）以及下文内容可知，本文主要谈到：东京这个地方，人们容易丢东西，仅在2022年，人们捡到并上交大约2960万美元的现金以及大量的遗失物品。由此推知，本文最可能出现在报纸的"社会生活"版块中。故选C。

这篇短文主要讲述了东京警方报告称，2022年大约有2960万美元的现金被交到了失物招领中心。在日本，人们被期望归还他们找到的任何丢失的钱财，这实际上是一项法律规定。但如果有人认领了被归还的钱财，找到者可以获得相当于该金额的最高20%的奖励。而且，如果三个月内没有人认领这笔钱，找到者就可以全部留下。然而，即使如此，去年东京归还的金额创下了纪录，总额约为2960万美元，比之前的纪录多了约110万美元。平均而言，去年东京的人们每天找到并归还了约8.1万美元。东京是日本的首都，拥有近1400万人口，是一个吸引了众多游客的繁忙地方，所以很多东西在那里丢失也就不足为奇了。去年共有约343万件失物被交到警察局，比2021年增加了21.9%。最常丢失的物品是驾驶执照或其他身份证件，警方收集了约73万份。失物增加的原因是COVID-19感染的减缓，导致人们外出旅行增加。根据失物招领中心的数据，2015年至2019年间失物数量保持稳定，约为400万件。COVID-19爆发后，这一数字急剧下降至2020年的281万件和2021年的281万件。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

12~15.【答案】D、B、C、B【解析】

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Morethan60yearsago，inthebookMasteringtheArtofFrench，Cooking，JuliaChild，themostfamouscookingAmericaatthattime，wroteabouttheimportanceof，kitchentools.（60多年前，在《掌握法语烹饪艺术》一书中，当时美国最著名的烹饪家朱莉娅•查尔德（JuliaChild）写到了厨房工具的重要性。）和第三段"Intheory，agoodcookshouldbeabletodowellinanysituation.However，cookingismucheasier，moreenjoyableandmoreefficientifyouhavetherighttools，"Childsaid.Thethreethingsshementionedwereawhisk（搅拌器），apan，andaknife，specificallyasteelknife.（"从理论上讲，一个好的厨师应该能够在任何情况下做得很好。然而，如果你有合适的工具，烹饪会更容易、更愉快、更高效。"她提到的三样东西是打蛋器、平底锅和一把刀，特别是一把钢刀。）可知，朱莉娅•查尔德认为厨房用具，特别是刀具等很重要，结合文章讲述刀具，因此推断作者提到她是因为她说好的厨师必须有好的刀具。故选D项。

（2）观点态度题。根据第四段BobKramer，aknifeandswordmasterinBellingham，Washington，saysheneedstotesttheknifebeforecommenting.（华盛顿贝灵汉的刀剑大师鲍勃•克莱默（BobKramer）说，在发表评论之前，他需要先测试一下这把刀。）可知，他对木刀的使用持谨慎态度。故选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段TengLisaidhelistenedtosuchworriesintheprocessofcreatingthewoodenknife"sharperthansteel".Accordingtohim，woodentoolssuchaschopsticks，spoonsandcuttingboardsarestillwidelyusedinkitchensaroundtheworld，whichmeanstheyhaveahighusevalue.（TengLi说，在制作这把"比钢还锋利"的木刀的过程中，他听到了人们的担忧。据他介绍，筷子、勺子、菜板等木制工具在世界各地的厨房中仍被广泛使用，这意味着它们具有很高的使用价值。实验表明，硬木刀比质地坚硬的刀更耐用。另一方面，硬木刀也可以像钢刀一样重新磨尖）可知，TengLi认为木刀大有前途。故选C项。

（4）标题判断题。根据第一段ScientistsattheUniversityofMarylandcreatedawoodenknifeandclaimeditwassharperthansteel.（马里兰大学的科学家们发明了一种木刀，并声称它比钢刀更锋利）以及下文内容可知，本文主要在谈到马里兰大学的科学家发明了一种比钢刀还锋利的木刀，但也有专家对此提出质疑。因此，B项"发明了比钢更锋利的木制刀"最能概括本文主题。故选B项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国马里兰大学的科学家发明了一种木刀，并声称它比钢刀更锋利。然而，许多人对此持怀疑态度。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】C、D、G、B、E【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文IwouldcatchsightofheronTV，whichallmyfriendsatschoolthoughtwasreallyexcitingbutIjustfoundembarrassing.（我会在电视上看到她，学校里所有的朋友都觉得很兴奋，但我却觉得很尴尬。）选项C"我希望有一个和别人一样的妈妈。"表达了作者真实的想法，符合语境。故选C。

（2）联系下文题。根据下文IjustknewthatIhadaworkingmum.Itcertainlydidn'tfeellikeanhonourtohaveaMumwhocouldn'tbeattheschoolgate，whowasalwayslateforparents'meetingsandtheschoolplay.（我只知道我有个工作的妈妈。有一个不敢踏进校门、家长会和学校演出总是迟到的妈妈，这当然不像是一种荣誉。）及下文中对过去发生的具体事件的回忆可知，第二段主要在讲述作者在学生时代对妈妈的印象和看法。选项D"那时我还太小，不明白什么是事业。"中的atthattime指的是作者的学生时代，句意与下一句的justknew合理衔接，符合第二段的主题。故选D。

（3）联系上文题。根据上文OneofmyclearestmemoriesisthatMummissedmewinningmy

firstlong-distancerace.Mumhadpromisedtobethere，butasusualshewaslate.（我最清晰的记忆之一是妈妈错过我第一次赢得长跑比赛，妈妈答应到场，却像往常一样迟到了。）可知，空处应该表达作者因妈妈失约而生气、伤心。选项G"当她找到我的时候，我一直在哭，在回家的路上我都不和她说话。"详细描写作者生气和伤心的行为表现，语意合理，符合语境。故选G。

（4）联系上文题。根据上文WhenIwas13，Iwenttoboardingschool.Everyoneelsewasreallyhomesick，butithardlybotheredmeatall.IfeltlikeI'dbeenlivingonmyownforaverylongtime.（13岁时，我去了寄宿学校，大家都很想家，但我一点也不觉得难受，我觉得自己已经独自生活了很长时间。）可知，作者因之前的经历很快适应了在寄宿学校的生活，养成了独立的习惯。选项B"因此，我现在是一个非常独立的人。"是对前文的引申与总结，句意相连，衔接合理。故选B。

（5）联系下文题。根据下文However，Idon'twantmyownchildrenevertosay，"Mumwasneverthere."（然而，我不希望我自己的孩子说："妈妈从来不在那里"。）可知，选项E"现在我知道妈妈为了给我们创造一个美好的生活而努力奋斗。"表达了作者成年后对妈妈的理解，与该句形成转折关系，语意衔接合理。故选E。

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者小时候，母亲因为要工作，总是不能陪在她身边。虽然现在她能够理解母亲，但自己的打算是：虽然要工作，但会在孩子小的时候，尽量能够陪伴他们。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~35.【答案】C、D、B、C、A、B、C、A、B、D、A、B、A、C、D【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.reason原因；B.idea主意；C.reply回答；D.purpose目的。句意：他们得到的回答令人印象深刻。根据上文"Fouryoungworkerswrotealetteraskingtheirneighboriftheycouldwalkhisdog"可知，此处表示"他们得到的回答令人印象深刻"。故选C。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.relief宽慰；B.joy高兴；C.excitement兴奋；D.annoyance烦恼。句意：男孩们住在英国布里斯托尔的一套合租公寓里，令他们烦恼的是，房东不允许他们养狗。根据下文"their

landlord

（房东）

wouldn't

allow

them

to

keep

a

dog"可知，此处表示"令他们烦恼的是，房东不允许他们养狗"。故选D。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.forgot忘记；B.lived生活；C.recorded记录；D.remembered记得。句意：他们一直生活在宠物的包围中，所以他们觉得现在的情况很困难。根据下文"their

whole

lives

surrounded

by

pets"可知，他们一直生活在宠物的包围中，live

one's

life意为"过日子"。故选B。

（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.suitable合适的；B.interesting有趣的；C.difficult困难的；D.similar相似的。句意：他们一直生活在宠物的包围中，所以他们觉得现在的情况很困难。根据上文"their

landlord

（房东）

wouldn't

allow

them

to

keep

a

dog"和"their

whole

lives

surrounded

by

pets"可知，他们一直生活在宠物的包围中，现在房东不让养狗，所以现在的情况很困难。故选C。

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.need需要；B.persuade说服；C.guide指导；D.inspire激励。句意：如果你需要有人来遛它，我们很乐意这样做。根据第一段的"Four

young

workers

wrote

a

letter

asking

their

neighbor

if

they

could

walk

his

dog"可知，四个年轻人写了一封信，问他们的邻居是否可以遛狗，句子表示"如果你需要有人来遛它"。故选A。

（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.speak

up大声说；B.come

over过来；C.get

away离开；D.step

forward走出，向前进。句意：如果你带着你的小狗过