（新课标）2020高考英语一轮总复习第1部分Book8Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight教案（含解析）牛津译林版

Book8Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight晨读暮诵单元话题——文学与艺术1．artistn．艺术家2．attractiveadj.迷人的；有吸引力的3．inspirationn．灵感4．creativeadj.有创造力的5．sculpturen．雕刻(术)；雕刻作品6．abstractadj.抽象的7．permanentadj.永久的；永恒的8．galleryn．画廊9．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的10．valuableadj.有价值的11．visualadj.视觉的12．vividadj.生动的；逼真的13．carvevt.雕刻；刻记14．displayvt.展示；陈列；显露15．masterpiecen．杰作16．statuen．塑像；雕像17．realisticadj.现实主义的；逼真的18．outstandingadj.优秀的；杰出的19．intheshapeof…呈……形状20．onshow在展出中1．Lastweek,Iwasofftothegallery,wheremanyabstractoilpaintings,rangingfromthe13thcenturytothe20thcentury,wereexhibited.上周我去了画廊，里面有很多抽象派油画在展出，这些作品时间跨度从13世纪到20世纪。2．Tomhadastronginterestinpaintingwhenhewasachild.自小汤姆就对绘画有着强烈的兴趣。3．TheartofChinesefolkpaper­cuttingwithahistoryofmorethan1,000yearsisknownallovertheworld.我国的民间剪纸艺术有超过1000多年的历史，闻名全世界。4．Thereareover300artworksfromalloverEuropeonexhibitioninthemuseum.来自欧洲各国的300余件艺术品在这家博物馆展示。5．ThepicturehangingonthewalllooksliketheworkofVanGogh.挂在墙上的那幅画看起来像凡·高的作品。6．TheworksofPicassoarepopularintheworld.毕加索的作品在世界各地都受欢迎。7．Itisimportanttocultivatechildren'ssenseofbeautyandawakentheirartisticfeeling.培养孩子的美感和唤醒他们对艺术的感受是重要的。8．Thepopularityofdramadrewtheattentionofmanypeoplehere.戏剧的流行引起了这儿很多人的注意。(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper­cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1．展览时间、地点；2．展览内容。[参考范文]DearHenry，I'mLiHua,oneofyourstudentsinyourculturalclass.LasttimeyoutoldmeyouareinterestedinlearningmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture.NowI'mgladtotellyoutherewillbeaChinesepaper­cuttingexhibitionheldbyourschool.Theexhibition,thethemeofwhichis“beautyofChina”，willtakeplaceintheschoolhallfrom2to5ontheafternoonofJune21.Notonlywillourworksbedisplayed,butwealsohaveavaluablesetofpaper­cuttingcreatedbyafamousartistinthisfield.Besides,therewillbealotofusefulandinterestingactivities,fromwhichyoucanhaveaclearerpictureofChineseculture.Iwouldappreciateitifyouacceptmyinvitation.I'msureitcanleaveawonderfulimpressiononyou!I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Regards,LiHua[高频词汇]1．________(adj.)抽象的；(n.)摘要，概要2．________(n.)建筑；建筑学3．________(n.)产量，输出量；输出4．________(adj.)锐角的；强烈的；(疾病)急性的；灵敏的；敏锐的5．________(n.)共识，一致的意见6．________(n.)阴影，影子；阴暗处7．________(vt.&vi.)全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证8．________(n.)回报，报酬，奖励；(vt.)奖励，给以报酬9．________(n.)风景，景色，风光10．________(n.)奖学金11．________(n.)布料，织物；(一块)布12．________(vt.)喷，喷洒，向……喷洒；(n.)喷剂；喷雾；浪花13．________(vt.&vi.)浸，蘸【答案】[派生词汇]1．________(vt.&vi.)计算；推测→________(n.)计算，估计2．________(adj.)多变的，易变的→________(vt.)改变(n.)变化3．________(n.)住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解→________(vt.)为(某人)提供住处4．________(n.)(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认，入场费→________(vt.)承认，准许进入，允许加入5．________(adj.)令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的→________(vt.)使作呕，使厌烦；(n.)厌恶，嫌恶→________(adj.)感到厌烦的，感到反感的[词缀归纳]changeable是由“change＋后缀­able”构成的形容词。常见的含­able后缀的高频形容词有：admirable令人钦佩的，值得赞美的；enjoyable有乐趣的，令人愉快的；comfortable舒适的；considerable相当多(或大、重要等)的；reliable可信赖的，可依靠的。【答案】1.calculate；calculation2.changeable；change3．accommodation；accommodate4.admission；admit5．disgusting；disgust；disgusted[语境活用]1．Ifyoucannotmakea__________(commit)forthislengthoftimethenapuppyisnotforyou.2．Thecarsloweddownbecauseofavehicle__________(spray)waterinfront.3．Studentsarebecoming________(acute)awarethattheyneedmorethanjustpaperqualifications.4．Thejobisnotvery__________(reward)intermsofmoney，butheisgettingvaluableexperiencefromit.5．StevenHollappliedhimselfto__________(architect)andwoninternationalrecognitionandrespect.6．Thespecificdesignandopinionsareraisedafter________(calculate)andanalysis.7．Itisobviousthatwecan't__________the__________weather.Wehavetoadjusttoit.(change)8．Tomappliedfor__________tothegraduateprogramatNorthwesternUniversitybutwasn't__________intoitatlast.(admit)【答案】4．rewarding5.architecture6.calculation7.change；changeable8.admission；admitted1．experiment________…用……做试/实验2．beoff________动身去……3．range________…to…从……到……(变化)4．upwards________在……以上，超过5．cut________切碎6．lay________布置；设计；铺开7．cutsth.________(ofsth.)剪出，剪下8．havea________(at)试一试9．________addition而且，另外10．betypical__________是……特有的；是典型的……11．dip…__________…把……浸入……12．so________到目前为止13．put________上演；穿上14．beeager________dosth.渴望做某事15．gainadmission__________被……录取16．stick…__________…把……粘在……上面【答案】[语境活用]1．Ifyouwanttocatchthattrain,you'dbetterupwards__________thestationimmediately.2．Aftersayingthis,hedippedhisfinger__________thejarandputitintohismouth.3．Tomorrowweareoff__________NaplestovisitthemuseumthathousesmanyofthetreasuresfromPompeii.4．Youaresupposedtocut__________thecarrotsbeforeputtingtheminthepottobesalted.5．Throughhisefforts,Timgainedadmission__________theChinesePaintingInstituteofJiangsulastyear.6．Marylaid__________allhernewclothesonthebedtochoosefromafterdecidingtoattendtheparty.7．Thefoodinthisrestaurantisverynice.________addition,thepriceisnothigh.8．Iaskedhimtoletmehaveago________shootingatthetargetwithhisrifle.9．Isak'sstoryistypical________achildwhohasaspecificlearningability.10．Theydecorateditstarscutout________silverpaperandcandles.【答案】1.o3.to4.up5.to6.out7.In1.[原句]Hardlyhadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadleftourmapintheroom.[点拨]hardly…when…“一……就……；刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。[仿写]运动会一开始，天就下起了大雨。Hardly________________________itbegantorainheavily.2.[原句]Afterhisgraduation,thisprojectwasexhibitedinartgalleriesalloverChina，makinghimfamousnationwide.[点拨]现在分词短语作结果状语。[仿写]大自然为我们的祖国提供了丰富的自然宝藏，使之成为我们幸福的家园。Naturehasprovidedourcountrywithwealthynaturaltreasures，________________________forus.3．[原句]AuntreallyenjoyedFranceandsodidGrandmaandI.[点拨]so引导的部分倒装[仿写]她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。Shelikesmusicand____________________.4．[原句]ItwaswhileattheNewYorkSchoolofArtthatheexperimentedwithdifferentmaterialssuchasclothandplasticinhispaintings.[点拨]It's…that…强调句式[仿写]他是在10点过后回来的。__________afterteno'clock__________hecameback.【答案】1.hadthegamestartedwhen2.makingitahappyhome3.sodoI4.Itwas；that第一板块核心词汇[基础知识要牢记]1．commitvt.&vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证(1)commitanerror/afault/amistake/acrime/suicide犯错/犯罪/自杀commitoneself/sb.to(doing)sth.承诺(做)某事/保证某人做某事becommittedto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事(2)commitmentn.承诺；奉献；投入makeacommitmenttosb./sth.对……做出承诺makeacommitmenttodosth.承诺做某事①Iwasimpressedbytheenergyand____________shownbytheplayers.我对选手们表现出的活力和敬业精神印象深刻。②TheschoolsthatIvisitinNottinghamarefullofexperiencedstaffcommittedtogivingourchildrenacaringandinspiringlearningenvironment.我在诺丁汉市参观的学校有富有经验的员工，他们致力于给孩子们营造一个充满关爱和激励的学习环境。③Theheadmasteriscommittedtoreformingrulesinclass.班主任承诺要改变班规。【答案】①commitment2．rewardn．回报，报酬，奖励vt.给以酬劳，奖赏(1)rewardsb.withsth.用……报答/回报某人rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事奖赏某人(2)inreward(for)作为(对……的)报酬asarewardfor作为对……的报酬give/offerarewardtosb.forsth.为某事而给某人报酬(3)rewardingadj.值得做的；有价值的①Shewasgenerouslyrewardedforherwork.她的工作得到了慷慨的报酬。②Asarewardforpassingtheexam,shegotanewbikefromherparents.她因为通过了考试，父母给她买了一辆新自行车作为奖励。③Theschoolrewardedhim________aprize________excellenceinhisstudies.他因学习成绩优秀而受到学校的奖赏。【答案】③with；for(2018·高考北京卷，单项选择)TravellingalongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.[翻译]沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是既有趣又有意义的经历。3．disgustingadj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的(1)disgustvt.使生气；使恶心n．[U]厌恶，反感；愤慨toone'sdisgust使某人气愤/反感的是indisgust厌恶地，气愤地(2)disgustedadj.厌恶的；憎恶的bedisgustedat/by/with对……感到反感/厌恶bedisgustedtofind/hear/see…发现/听到/看到……很气愤①It'sdisgustingthatthetaxpayerissubsidingthisproject.由纳税人来资助这一项目实在是说不过去。②Samthrewhisbooksdown________andstormedoutoftheroom.萨姆反感地扔下书，气愤地冲出了房间。③Iheadeddownthestreetandsuddenly,tomydisgustfoundtearsrunningdownmyface.我沿着街道向前走着，让我无地自容的是突然发现眼泪在脸上肆意横流。【答案】②indisgust[温馨提示]disgusting与disgusted都可用作形容词，但disgusting意为“令人厌恶的”，常用来修饰物；disgusted意为“感到厌恶的”，常用来修饰人。4．dipvt.&vi.浸，蘸(1)dip…into…把……浸入……dip…in把……浸入……中(2)dipinto把手伸进；浏览①Hedippedthebrush________thepaint.他拿画笔蘸了蘸颜料。②Ihaven'treadthereportproperly—I'veonly________intoit.我还没有好好阅读这份报告——我只是浏览了一下。【答案】②dipped5．cutup切碎；伤心cutin插嘴，打断讲话cutacross抄近路穿过；横越cutdown砍倒；缩减cutoff切断；割掉；截断(退路等)cutsth.out(ofsth.)剪出，剪下；删去①Mymother____________upthemeatformakingjiaoziwhenIwenthome.当我回家的时候，妈妈正在切包饺子的肉。②Everyoneofuscanmakeagreatefforttocutdowntheuseofenergyinourcountry.在我们国家，每个人都能够努力缩减使用能源。③Ifyoushouldbefired,yourhealthandpensionbenefitswillnotbeautomaticallycutoff.如果你被解雇，你的医疗和养老保险金不会自动中断。【答案】①wascutting[巧学助记]Thedeeriscutup,becausesomanytreesintheforesthavebeencutdownandthenumberoftreesisbeingcutdowndaybyday.这只鹿很伤心，因为森林里的很多树都被砍倒了，树木的数量在一天天减少。6．layout布置，设计；铺开，展开；清楚地描述laysb.off裁员，解雇laysth.aside把……放在一边；储存laydown中断(工作)；制定(条例或原则)；放下Itislaiddownthat…根据规定……①Thegardenswerelaid________withlawnsandflowerbeds.花园里布置了草坪和花坛。②Iheardarumorthatthecompanyisgoingtolayoffahundredpeople.我听到传闻说公司将裁员一百人。③Danielfinishedthearticleandlaidthenewspaperdownonhisdesk.丹尼尔看完文章后把报纸放在他的书桌上。【答案】①out(2017·高考天津卷，阅读表达)Hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.Igotsoangrywithhimforlayingdownthelaw.[翻译]他会提前打电话确认聚会上有没有酒。我对他制定的法规非常生气。[词汇训练全通关]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Takingupapieceofsoaponthetable，he________(dip)itintowaterandbeganlathering(涂皂沫)hisface.2．Thearchitecthascommittedherself________(finish)thedesignwithinamonth.3．SomeonehasupsetthephotographsI________(lay)outsocarefully，whichmademequiteangry.4．Canyouseethatthispictureandthearticlearecut________fromthesamenewspaper?5．Iwasdisgusted________(see)thepictureonPage1ofSunday'sfeaturesection.6．He________(calculate)hisgainsandlossesofmoneyandtheresultwasaminus.7．Tomgotnothinginreward________hiskindness，________madehimverysad.8．Hemadea________(commit)tohissontolivewithhimafterretirement.9．IhadjustenoughtimetofinisheatingbeforethebellrangandIwasoff________myfirstclass.10．ThereistoomuchintheBritishMuseumforustotakein________onego.【答案】1.dipped2.tofinishing3.laid4.out5.toseeⅡ.单句改错1．Itisimportantthatourplanshouldbewelllaidoffbeforewebegintowork._____________________________________________________________2．Itwasdisgustedthathesaidso._____________________________________________________________3．Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwhichwascompletelycutofftheoutsideworld._____________________________________________________________4．Oncetheprojectiscompleted，theyareawaytothenextopportunity._____________________________________________________________5．Ihavecommittedmyselftositontwocommittees._____________________________________________________________【答案】1.off→out2.disgusted→disgusting3.off后加from4.away→off5.sit→sitting第二板块经典句式[基础知识要牢记]1．Hardlyhadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadleftourmapintheroom.第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。hardly…when…意为“一……就……”，主句常用过去完成时，when引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。①Wehadhardlyputdownourluggagewhenthetrainstartedoff.我们还没来得及放下行李，火车就开了。②Hardly________________theairportwhentheplanetookoff.我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。③Hardlyhadwebeguntheclimbwhenthesnowbegantocomedown.我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来了。【答案】②hadwearrivedat2．Afterhisgraduation，thisprojectwasexhibitedinartgalleriesalloverChina，making_him_famous_nationwide.他毕业后，该项目在中国各地的美术馆中展出，这使他闻名全国。句中makinghimfamousnationwide为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，常置于句尾。①Hewascaughtintherain，thuscatchingacold.他淋雨了，结果感冒了。②Hecutofftheelectricityquickly,preventinganaccident.他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。③Irushedtothedoor，____________thatitwaslocked.我冲到门边，却发现门已经被锁死了。【答案】③onlytodiscover[温馨提示]现在分词作结果状语时表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果，前面可加thus；动词不定式作结果状语时往往表示意料之外的结果，常被only或just所修饰。[句式训练全通关]Ⅰ.句型转换1．Shehadhardlyarrivedwhenshestartedtalkingaboutleavingagain.(改为倒装句)→________________________whenshestartedtalkingaboutleavingagain.2．Assoonasthebellrang，thestudentsquieteddown.(改为同义句)→____________hadthebellrung________thestudentsquieteddown.→________hadthebellrung________thestudentsquieteddown.3．MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChinaandmadeitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.→MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina，________itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.→MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina，________itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.【答案】1.Hardlyhadshearrived2.Nosooner；than；Hardly；when3.making；whichmakesⅡ.话题写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面小作文。1．最近我加入了一家DIY俱乐部。(join)2．今天我将向你们展示如何用喷喷笔作画。(apaintsprayer)3．先要计算所用白纸的大小。(calculate)4．把贝壳放到白纸的中间，用喷喷笔对着贝壳的周围喷洒，如果要增加效果，也可用画笔蘸少许颜料，在贝壳周围加些线条。(makeit,dip…into)5．把贝壳移开，一幅美景图就在眼前了。你是不是跃跃欲试了呢？(scenery,haveago)【参考范文】Recently,IhavejoinedaDIYclub.TodayIwillshowyouhowtofinishpaintingwithapaintsprayer.Firstly,calculatethesizeofapieceofwhitepaper.Secondly,putaseashellinthemiddleofthepaper.Thirdly,spraypaintaroundtheseashell.Ifyouwanttomakeitlookmorebeautiful,youmaydipthepaintbrushintosomepaintanddrawsomelinesaroundtheshellwiththepaintbrush.Atlast,removetheshell.Anicepictureofsceneryappearsinfrontofyou.Don'tyouwanttohaveago?[阅读理解组块练]Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018江西省南昌市高三第二次模拟考试)BrochureDesignServiceProfessionalBrochureDesignsBrochureshaveproventobeoneofthemostcost­effectivemarketingmethodsforproductandservicecompaniesworldwide.Creatingabrochureisadelicateandimportantdesignprocessforanybusiness,andmustbeleftinthehandsofprofessionalbrochuredesigners.Itrequiresgraphicdesignskills,specifictechniques,andadeepunderstandingofmarketingandprintingtechnology.AProfessionalBrochureDesignServiceBrochureDesignServiceisateamofprofessionalbrochuredesignersthatcreatecompanybrochuresandproductcatalogsforbusinesses.AtBrochureDesignServiceyouwillfindthedesignsolutionsforyourorganizationbrochures—fromtheoutlineofdesigndrafts,conceptsandmessages,tothefinalbrochureprinting.Asexpertsindesign,wemakethehighestqualitybrochuresyouwillevercomeacross,quicklyandaffordably.Youonlyneedtoanswere­mailsandprovidefeedbackonourdesigns.CreatingProfessionalBrochuresforyourCompany•Affordableandhighest­qualityendproducts.Brochuresthatwillcertainlybeatyourcompetitorsandgiveyoutheedgeinmarketingyourbusiness.•Brochuredesignsamplesreadyin2businessdaysorless.Doyouhaveatradeshownextweek?Callus!Wecanmeettightdeadlines.•Wehavebeenservingthousandsofclientsallaroundtheworldformorethan15years.•Accesstoroyalty­free(版权免费)imagesincludedinourdesignfees.•LightweightdigitalbrochureinPDFformatincluded.•Savetimebyavoidingendlessmeetingsandappointments.Ourserviceisfaster,morereliableandcost­effectivethanatraditionaldesignagency.•Unparalleledservice:unlimitedrevisionstillyourfinalapproval,plus100%moneybackguarantee.Contactusrightnow!Tel:(814)755­3560E­mail:smithbrochure.ca1．Whatisneededincreatingabrochure?A．Handwritingtechniques.B．Photographingskills.C．Communicatingstrategies.D．Graphicdesignability.2．BrochureDesignServicecanoffercustomers________.A．atradeshowB．PDFversionsofbrochuresC．aprintingmachineD．Internetimages3．Themainpurposeofthetextisto________.A．entertain B．suggestC．advertise D．warn【答案与解析】1．D细节理解题。由ProfessionalBrochureDesigns中最后一句可知，宣传册设计需要绘画设计技巧、特定技术，以及对市场营销和印刷技术的深刻了解。故用排除法可知D选项正确。2．B细节理解题。由“LightweightdigitalbrochureinPDFformatincluded.”可知，BrochureDesignService可以为客户提供PDF格式的数字手册。故B选项正确。3．C写作意图题。这是一篇宣传广告。BrochureDesignService是一个专业的宣传册设计团队。该团队可以为公司设计创造宣传册和产品画册。文章介绍了它的工作性质、工作范围等内容。很明显，这篇文章的目的就是宣传。C选项正确。BAccordingtotheeffectsofcolorsonthehumanbodyandemotions，certaincolorsareselectedtoexert(发挥)directeffectsonthemindandemotionsviaeyes.Thisistheso­calledpleasingtheeyesandrefreshingthemind.Besides，thecolortones，colortemperatures，etc.mayalsobeusedtoregulateemotions.Themethod，undertheguidanceofthetheoryof“thefivecolorscorrespondingtothefivezang­organsandfiveemotions”，isusedtoarrangethecolorsofthepatient'slivingsurroundingssuchaslivingrooms，utensils(餐具)，furnishings，clothes，quilts，windowcurtainsandlightsaswellasthedressesofdoctorsandnursesofrehabilitationaccordingtotherequirements.Colorsandtheirindicationsareasfollows.1．Warmcolors.Redandorange，withwarmfeeling，possesstheactionsofmakingpeopleexcitedandjoyful.Thecolorsareapplicabletodepression，depressivepsychosis，lethargy，dementia(痴呆)，etc.2．Coldcolors.Amongindigoblue，blue，purpleandgreenhavetheactionsofcooling，tranquilizing(使平静)andmakingpeoplerestrained.Coldcolorsareapplicabletodysphoria，irascibility，insomnia，terrorandfearaswellasmania，epilepsy，etc.3．Joyfulcolors.Redandpinkmakepeoplehappyandhavetheactionofrestraininggrief.Thecolorsareapplicabletopeoplewithlowspirits，susceptibilitytogriefandcry，anddepression.4．Sadcolors.Blackismainlyappliedorwhitemayalsobeusedtorestrictanger.Bothcolorsareapplicabletosusceptibilitytoanger，overjoy，etc.5．Fearfulcolor.Blackhastheactionofrestrictingoverjoy.Thecolorisapplicabletomania，endlesslaughing，etc.6．________.Yellow，lightblueandlightgreenpossesstheactionsofrestrictingfearandbenefitingthinking.Thecolorsareapplicabletoterror，fear，distraction，etc.4．Whatareusedtocontrolhumanbeings'emotions?A．Differentkindsofcolors.B．Colortonesandtemperatures.C．Colorsoflivingsurroundings.D．Colorsofdresses.5．Whichofthefollowingsarethewarmcolors?A．Redandblack.B．Blue，purpleandgreen.C．Redandorange.D．Blueandpink.6．Theredandpinkcanmakepeople________.A．depressive B．fearfulC．sad D．joyful7．Whatshouldbefilledinthelastparagraph?A．Happycolors.B．Pleasantcolors.C．Anxiouscolors.D．Disappointingcolors.【答案与解析】4．B细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知，是颜色的色调和色温控制着人的感情，故本题选B。5．C细节理解题。由所给建议里面的第1条里面的前两句Warmcolors.Redandorange，withwarmfeeling…可知redandorange是暖色的，故选C。6．D细节理解题。由文中所给的第3条建议“Joyfulcolors.Redandpinkmakepeoplehappyandhavetheactionofrestraininggrief.”可知，红色和粉红色是令人高兴和快乐的颜色，故选D。7．C主旨大意题。由最后一段可知，本段都是在表达恐怖、害怕和心烦意乱类的感情，因此选C，表示“焦虑的颜色”。C(2018·广东省深圳市高三第一次调研考试)Afewyearsago,DarlaHoffpaintedapumpkinfaceontoaroundstrawbale(捆)atAlandKarenGoldman'sfarminIdahoFallstoadvertiseherU­pickpumpkinfield.WhileDarlahasstoppedgrowingpumpkins,theannualtraditionofstrawbaleartlivesonatthefarmandhasdrawnfriendsandneighborstoparticipateinit.Pastcreationshaveincludedanowl,Minions,tractorsandateddybear.Tomakethetractors,Albaledroundstrawbalesintwodifferentsizes—smalleronesforthetractor'sfronttiresandlargeronesfortherear(尾部)．Largesquarebalesmadeupthebodies.JerryKienlenusedhisfarmingequipmenttoarrangethebalesintheshapeoftwotractors.Thenitwastimetobringthetractorstolife.Karenandherdaughter,LanaHedrick,securedsomegreenpaint,andAlgotsomeredpaint.Darla'shusband,James,sprayedthe_creationwithapaintgun.ForthefinishingtouchesStevendonatedtwoshinyexhauststacks(排气管),andAlandKarendonatedtwosteeringwheelsfromtheirfarmparts.Thefarm'sannualstrawbaleartprojectshavenowbecomeawayforeveryonetocelebratetheendofanothergrowingseason.It'sjustsomethingfuntodotogetherafterharvest.Thisneighborhoodhasalwaysbeenclose.Generationsofthesefamilieshavegrowncropsinthissoil.Raisedonthefarmswheretheylivenow,theygrewuptogetherastheireldersdidbefore.AlandKarenaretrulysuperneighbors.Everyyeartheyalsogrowabouttwoacresofcorntogiveaway.Anyonecanpicksome,orAlandKarenwillevendeliver.AndduringlongIdahowinters,everyonegathersatthefarmtoenjoyfreshcoffeeandcookies.Thisyear'sstrawbalecreationthemeisStrawWars.AndalleyeswillbeonAlandKaren'sfarmastheircreationtakesshape.8．WhydidDarlapaintapumpkinfaceontoastrawbale?A．Torecyclestrawbales.B．Topleasehisneighbors.C．Tocreateanewtradition.D．Tomakeanadvertisement.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thecreation”inParagraph2referto?A．Thestrawbaletires.B．Thesquarestrawbales.C．Thestrawbaletractors.D．Thefarmingequipment.10．Whatdolocalpeoplethinkofthestrawbaleartshow?A．Itneedssomethingfun.B．It'sagoodwaytocelebrateharvest.C．ItmakesAlandKarenfamousinthetown.D．Itstandsforthebeginningofanewseason.11．WhatkindofneighborsareAlandKarenaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Generous. B．Creative.C．Funny. D．Determined.【答案与解析】8．D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Darla在稻草捆上涂上南瓜脸是为了做广告宣传，故选D。9．C推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，这里的creation是指用稻草捆做成的拖拉机，故选C。10．B细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，当地人认为稻草捆艺术展是一个很好的庆祝丰收的方式，故选B。11．A细节理解题。根据第三段第六句和第七句可知，Al和Karen是很慷慨的邻居，他们把收获的2公顷农作物捐了出去，故选A。D(2018东北三省四城市联考暨沈阳市高三质量监测)TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs(地画)intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.Itisrangingfromgeometricpatternstodrawingsofdifferentanimalsandstylizedhuman­likeforms.Theancientlinescanonlybetrulytakeninfromhighintheair,leavinggenerationspuzzledastohowthesepreciseworkscouldhavebeencompletedlongbeforethedocumentedinventionofhumanflight.TheLineswerefirstspottedwhencommercialairlinesbeganflyingacrossthePeruviandesertinthe1920s.Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?Aretheyroads,starpointers,maybeevenagiganticmap?Ifthepeoplewholivedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?Didtheyhaveaplan?Thesemarkingsarelikeavastpuzzle.TheNazcaLinesarethemostoutstandinggroupofgeoglyphsintheworld.TherearealsohugegeoglyphsinEgypt,Malta,UnitedStates(MississippiandCalifornia),Chile,Boliviaandinothercountries.ButtheNazcageoglyphs,becauseoftheirnumbers,characteristics,dimensionsandculturalcontinuityastheyweremadeandremadethroughoutacertainhistoryperiod,formthemostimpressivearcheological(考古学的)group.TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimate(oneofthedriestonEarth,withonlytwentyminutesofrainfallperyear)andtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel.Withnodustorsandtocovertheplainandlittlerainorwindtoerode(腐蚀)it,linesdrawnheretendtostaydrawn.Thesefactors,combinedwiththeexistenceoflighter­coloredsubsoilbeneaththedesertsurface,provideavastwritingpadthatissuitedtotheartistwhowantstoleavehismarketernal.12．WhatcanweknowabouttheNazcaLinesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Theywerebuiltasabigmap.B．Theywereformedbynature.C．Theyareancientlinesincaves.D．Theyarehugemarkingsinadesert.13．HowmanyfactorsmaketheNazcaLinesthemostimpressive?A．One. B．Two.C．Three. D．Four.14．WhyaretheNazcaLineswellpreserved?A．Becauseofthewindatgroundlevel.B．Becauseoftheexistenceofsoftsoil.C．Becauseoftheclimateandgeography.D．Becauseofthethicksandonthetop.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eternal”probablymean?A．Non­stop. B．Ever­lasting.C．Real­life. D．High­end.【答案与解析】12．D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句及对纳斯卡线条和其发现过程的具体介绍可知，纳斯卡线条是出现在秘鲁南部的纳斯卡地区的沙漠的大型古代地画。故选D项。13．D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，四个因素使纳斯卡线条更独特更使人们难忘。故选D项。14．C细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，因为这里干燥少雨的气候和平坦多石的地形使纳斯卡地区的地画能被很好地保留。故选C项。15．B猜测词义题。文章最后一句指这些因素，加上沙漠表面下浅色地下土壤的存在，给那些想要永久留下印记的艺术家提供了一个巨大的书写板。“eternal”和ever­lasting同义，意为“永恒的”。Ⅱ.七选五Lifeisjustlikeabox.Insideitarehappinessandsorrow，failureandsuccess，hopeanddespair.Lifeisalearningprocess.Experiencesinitteachusnewlessonsandmakeusabetterperson.LoveLoveplaysakeyroleinourlife.Intheearlystageofourlife，ourparentsaretheoneswhoshowuswithunconditionalloveandcare.Theytelluswhatisrightorwrong，goodorbad.1.Itisonlyaftermarriageandhavingkidsthatapersonunderstandsandbecomessensitivetothefeelingsofothers.HappinessandSorrowMaterialistichappinessisshort­lived，buthappinessachievedbybringingasmileonothersgivesacertainleveloffulfillment.2.Nomindishappywithoutpeace.Werealizethetrueworthofhappinesswhenweareinsorrow.Sorrowisbasicallyduetodeathofalovedone，failureanddespair.SuccessandFailure3.Ithelpsustotouchthesky，teachesustosurviveandshowsusaspecificway.HopeandDespairHopeiswhatkeepslifegoing.Parentsalwayshopetheirchildrenwilldowell.Hopemakesusdream.Hopebuildsinpatience.4，becauseaftereverynightthereisaday.Nothingremainsthesame.Lifeteachesusnottoregretoveryesterday，forithaspassedandisbeyondourcontrol.Tomorrowisunknown，foritcouldeitherberightordull.5，sothatwewillenjoyabettertomorrow.A．LifeteachesusnottodespaireveninthedarkesthourB．SotheonlyalternativeisworkhardtodayC．ButwealwaystendtotakethisforgrantedD．SuccessliesintrustingyourselfE．Solet'senjoyeverydayF．FailureisthepathtosuccessG．Peaceofmindisthemainlinktohappiness【答案】1～5CGFAB[语言知识运用组块练]Ⅰ.完形填空1__，therewardsareindirectandsometimeshardto__2__，buteveryonceinawhilewhatyou__3__comesbacktoyouthereandthen!Acoupleofdaysbackmystepson，Josh，waspreparingforabig__4__.Childrenfromhisprimaryschoolweregoingfortheirfirst__5__dayatthesecondaryschool，sotheywouldknowwhatto__6__whentheystartedafterthesummerholidays.IwasdoingsomethingwhenInoticedhim__7__inaboxwherewekeeppensandpencils.Inprimaryschooltheyuse__8__，butsecondarykidsgettowritewithpens.AndJoshwas__9__apen.Hecameoutwithanoldballpoint(圆珠笔)thatwasmissingapieceofftheend.Hisbigday__10__betterthanthat.So，I__11__whatIwasdoingandwenttothedeskwheremyfavouritepenlived.Iwould__12__thatpen，butthiswasaspecial__13__.“Josh，”Isaidinadeep，__14__voice.“Ipassonmyverybest，favouritepentoyou，thenext__15__.Guarditwellanduseit__16__…”Andsoon.Hesmiledandsaidthanks.AndIwentbacktowork.Thatdayhappenedt