2021-2022学年湖南省怀化市沅陵第二中学高二英语期末试题含解析

2021-2022学年湖南省怀化市沅陵第二中学高二英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Doctoraredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeople

smoking.A.quit

B.decline

C.refuse

D.stopped参考答案：A2._________money,theyhadtogiveuptheresearch.

A.Lacking

B.Lackingfor

C.Lackof

D.Lackingof参考答案：A3.Youngpeopleareundergreatpressure.Therefore,parentsshouldn’texpecttoomuchfromthem,foritwillonlycausepressureto____________.

A.pickup

B.turnup

C.breakup

D.buildup

参考答案：D4.Yourperformanceintheexamisn’tthatsatisfactory.______,youfailed.A.Inaword

B.What’sworseC.Inotherwords

D.Whatapity参考答案：C考查词意辨析，A总而言之，B更糟糕的是，C换句话说，D很遗憾，根据句意：你在考试中的表现没有那么令人满意，…，你失败了。失败这句是对前面一句表现不好的结果详细说明的，表达的是同样的意思，故选C。5.Itcan’tbea(n)_______thatfourjewelrystoreswererobbedinonenight.A．coincidence B．accidentC．incident D．chance参考答案：B词义辨析。

A.巧合；一致

B.事故；意外

C.事件；事变D.机会。句意：四家珠宝商店在一夜之间被抢劫不会是一起事故。含有意外的意思，故选B。6.Onseeingthewonderfulsculpture,everyonepresent

acryofsurprise．A.letout

B.giveaway

C.putforward

D.makeup参考答案：A25.OnlyafterHelenmovedtoAustralia___Howimportantshewastome.A.Ihadrealized

B.hadIrealized

C.Ididrealize

D.didIrealize参考答案：D略8.SheisgoingtospendpartofherweekinLiverpoolwhereshe______onthebeachwithherchildren.

A.isplaying

B.plays

C.willbeplaying

D.hasplayed参考答案：C略9.When______bytheteachers,astudenttendstostudyharderthanusual.A.tobepraised

B.praising

C.praised

D.topraise参考答案：C10.Idon'tthinkTom'sremarksare________；heisnotsupposedtosayso.A.inplace

B.inpeaceC.insurprise

D.introuble参考答案：A11.Wilson____thateverythingshouldbeputinplacebeforehestarted.A.declared

B.desired

C.wished

D.stated参考答案：B略5.Though________toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.A.wassurprisedB.surpriseC.beingsurprisedD.surprised参考答案：D略13.Thepeopleinthisareahad________theseriousflooddisasterandmadeadvanceinagriculture.A.overcome

B.conqueredC.succeeded

D.defeated参考答案：Aovercome意为“战胜；克服”，指成功地和某人或某物进行斗争。conquer“征服”；succeed“成功；继承”；defeat“打败”。14.—Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket?—Yes,fortunatelynoone______.A.hurtB.washurtC.hashurtD.hadbeenhurt参考答案：B略15._____beingfun,watchingEnglishvideosisalsoagoodformoflisteningexercise.A.Asidefrom B.Inaddition

C.Besidesthat D.Exceptfor参考答案：A16.There

are

3

color1s

in

the

British

flag,

_____,

red,

white

and

blue.

A.

like

B.

namely

C.

such

as

D.

for

example参考答案：B17.Although_______manytimes,shestillmadethesamemistake.

A.shetold

B.told

C.wastold

D.telling

参考答案：B

18.Springcomesandthegrassisbeginningto____________.A.standup

B.comeup

C.bringup

D.buildup参考答案：B19.Theydesiredthatthey__________therighttoattendthemeeting.A.had

B.have

C.has

D.were参考答案：B二、完型填空20.My20-year-olddaughter,Allison,livinginPhiladelphia,sentmeatexttheotherday："Ineedsocksandshampoo.”Shewasactuallyaskingmeto___21___thoseitemsforher,butI___22___shewasplayingacellphonegame.Idecidenottobeahelicopter(直升机)___23___,becauseexperienceasamotherandprofessorhastaughtmehow___24___thatcanresult.___25___,Ipreferamorehands-offapproach.FromthetimeAllisonturned18,Inolongerhadany___26___toknowherworkandlifeschedule.Butthat'snotwhatI___27___atDrexelUniversitywhereIteach.Mostofmystudentstalktotheir___28___threetimesadayormore.Onestudent'smothercalledbecauseshedidn't___29___fromhimforafewdays.Hewasinthelibrarysohe___30___"hello".Shedoubtedthathewasdrinking,andinsistedonaskinghimto___31___apictureofhimself.Holdinganewspaperwiththatday's___32___，hetookapictureandsentittohismotherinorderto___33___thathewasn'ttellingalie.I'vealwaystreatedmystudentsasindependentbeings.ItellthemonthefirstdaythatIwillnotfollowupwiththemonmissing___34___orassignments.Iamgettingthemtobecomeindependentthinkers,andtakeresponsibilityfortheir___35___.Buttheirparentsdon't___36___themlikeme.Iknowamother.Shesupervises(监督)hersontoomuch.Shehopeshewillwalkbythe___37___，sothatshecanknowwhatheisdoing.Anothermotherchecksherson'screditcarddaily.However,Ineverdothat.Mydaughtersonlycometomewith___38___thingsthatneedmydecision,andIthinkthat'sbecauseIgivethemspace.Manyparentstrytofindiftheirkidsare___39___fromthem.Butwehavetolearntorespectboundaries(界限)，evenwhentechnologyisso___40___.SoIamgoingtodomybestnottobeahelicopterparent.21.A.donate B.check C.prepare D.receive22.A.thought B.managed C.decided D.remembered23.A.customer B.mother C.trainer D.boss24.A.normally B.badly C.simply D.amazingly25.A.Instead B.Besides C.Otherwise D.Still26.A.way B.courage C.power D.desire27.A.do B.achieve C.see D.predict28.A.professors B.friends C.parents D.classmates29.A.learn B.hear C.escape D.judge30.A.waved B.meant C.added D.whispered31.A.gain B.gather C.draw D.take32.A.date B.picture C.name D.plan33.A.apologize B.comment C.prove D.preserve34.A.themes B.nutrition C.mineral D.classes35.A.secrets B.choices C.skills D.humour36.A.treat B.protect C.change D.employ37.A.school B.door C.camera D.road38.A.impressive B.ordinary C.obvious D.important39.A.hiding B.suffering C.developing D.benefiting40.A.valuable B.powerful C.harmful D.limited参考答案：21.C

22.A

23.B

24.B

25.A

26.D

27.C

28.C

29.B

30.D

31.D

32.A

33.C

34.D

35.B

36.A

37.C

38.D

39.A

40.B这是一篇议论文。文章论述了身为一名大学老师的作者，对待女儿采取的是不干涉的教育方式，并希望学生能够成为独立的思考者，为自己的选择负责，而许多学生的父母则是干涉太多管得太多，忽视了要尊重界限。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她实际上是让我为她准备这些东西，但我觉得她在玩手机游戏。A.donate捐赠；B.check检查；C.prepare准备；D.receive收到。根据上文"Ineedsocksandshampoo.”Shewasactuallyaskingme可知女儿是想让作者帮她准备这些东西，故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她实际上是让我为她准备这些东西，但我觉得她在玩手机游戏。A.thought认为；B.managed试图；C.decided决定；D.remembered记住。根据下文shewasplayingacellphonegame可知作者认为女儿是在玩游戏，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定不做一个“直升机妈妈”，因为作为一名母亲和教授的经验告诉我，这样的结果是多么糟糕。A.customer顾客；B.mother母亲；C.trainer教练；D.boss老板。根据下文becauseexperienceasamother可知作者是一位母亲。故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我决定不做一个“直升机妈妈”，因为作为一名母亲和教授的经验告诉我，这样的结果是多么糟糕。A.normally正常地；B.badly糟糕；C.simply简单地；D.amazingly惊人地。根据下文Ipreferamorehands-offapproach.可知作者决定不干涉，是因为一名母亲和教授的经验告诉我，这样的结果是多么糟糕。故选B。【25题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：相反，我更喜欢一种不干涉的方式。A.Instead反而；B.Besides而且；C.Otherwise否则；D.Still仍然。根据下文FromthetimeAllisonturned18,Inolongerhadany可知作者认为女儿已经18岁了，应该为自己的生活负责，因此作者采取了与“直升机妈妈”相反的不干涉方式。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从艾莉森18岁开始，我就再也不想知道她的工作和生活安排了。A.way方式；B.courage勇气；C.power力量；D.desire想要。结合上文Ipreferamorehands-offapproach.可知从艾莉森18岁开始，我就再也不想知道她的工作和生活安排了。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我任教的德雷塞尔大学，我看到的情况并非如此。A.do做；B.achieve实现；C.see看见；D.predict预测。结合下文atDrexelUniversitywhereIteach可知作者任教的大学里作者所看到的情况和自己并不一样。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的大多数学生每天和他们的父母交谈三次或更多。A.professors教授；B.friends朋友；C.parents父母；D.classmates同学。根据下文的例子Onestudent'smothercalled可知是学生与父母交谈。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个学生的母亲打电话来，因为她好几天没有听到他的消息了。A.learn学习；B.hear听见；C.escape逃跑；D.judge判断。根据上文Onestudent'smothercalledbecauseshedidn't可知打电话的目的是为了听到对方的消息，故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在图书馆，所以他低声说了声“你好”。A.waved挥动；B.meant意味着；C.added补充；D.whispered低声说。根据上文Hewasinthelibrarysohe可知是在图书馆，因此不能大声喧哗，故只能低声说。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她怀疑他在喝酒，坚持要他给自己照张相。A.gain获得；B.gather聚集；C.draw画；D.take带走。根据下文hetookapicture可知是拍照给母亲。短语takeapicture“拍照”，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拿着一张写着那天日期的报纸，拍了一张照片，寄给了他的母亲，以证明他没有撒谎。A.date日期；B.picture图片；C.name名字；D.plan计划。根据上文Holdinganewspaperwiththatday's可知是拿着当天日期的报纸拍照。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拿着一张写着那天日期的报纸，拍了一张照片，寄给了他的母亲，以证明他没有撒谎。A.apologize道歉；B.comment评论；C.prove证明；D.preserve保存。因为母亲怀疑他喝酒，因此拍照是为了证明自己没有撒谎。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在第一天告诉他们，我不会跟进他们错过的课程或作业。A.themes主题；B.nutrition营养；C.mineral矿物；D.classes课程。根据上文atDrexelUniversitywhereIteach可知作者是老师，因此这里指跟进课程。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要让他们成为独立的思考者，为他们的选择负责。A.secrets秘密；B.choices选择；C.skills技巧；D.humour幽默。结合上文Iamgettingthemtobecomeindependentthinkers,andtakeresponsibility可知作者要学生成为独立的思考者，因此学生要为自己的选择负责。故选B。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的父母不像我一样对待他们。A.treat对待；B.protect保护；C.change改变；D.employ雇佣。结合上文可知作者希望学生成为独立的思考者，而很多学生的父母对待孩子们采取的方式则与作者完全不同。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她希望他带着摄像机走路，这样她就能知道他在干什么。A.school学校；B.door门；C.camera相机；D.road道路。结合上文Shesuperviseshersontoomuch.可知这位母亲对儿子管得太多了，以致于恨不得他带着摄像机走路，这样她就能知道他在干什么。故选C。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿们只会带着需要我做决定的重要事情来找我，我想那是因为我给了她们空间。A.impressive给人印象深刻的；B.ordinary普通的；C.obvious明显的；D.important重要的。结合上文作者对女儿采取不干涉的教育方式以及从不对女儿管得太多可知，女儿只会带着需要做决定的重要事情来找母亲。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多父母试图找出他们的孩子是否在隐瞒他们事情。A.hiding隐藏；B.suffering遭受；C.developing发展；D.benefiting有益于。根据下文Butwehavetolearntorespectboundaries我们必须学会尊重界限可知，许多父母总是采取各种方式来挖掘孩子隐瞒自己的事情忽视了要尊重界限，故选A。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们必须学会尊重界限，即使科技如此强大。A.valuable贵重的；B.powerful强大的；C.harmful有害的；D.limited有限的。根据上文whentechnologyisso可知现代科技非常强大的情况下，也应当学会尊重界限。故选B。21.MyhusbandandIinsistedthatourchildrenwereoldenoughtocleantheirroomsandmaketheirbeds.Buttheythought41.Mycomplaints,evenself-justifiedshouting,werealwayslandingon42ears.Veryoftenawholehour’sscoldingwouldendwiththeir43intotears,Ifeltveryfrustrated.IrealizedIneededto44mymethodof“mothering”.Onedaywhentheywereatschool,Ispentsometime45

theirrooms.Ontheirdesks,inplain46,Ileftthecards:“DearBill(theothercardwas47toSarah),yourroomwasmessythismorningandI’msureyoulikeitclean.Love,theRoomFairy.”48

arrivingback,thechildrenwere49excitedtoreceivethelittlenotefromtheRoomFairy.Thenextday,theirroomswerefairlytidy.Sureenough,therewasanothernotefromtheRoomFairy__50

forthem,thankingthemfortheirnice“gift”ofacleanroomand51askingthemtoplayacertainviolin

52.Eachday,thank--younoteswouldbewrittendifferentlytokeeptheideas

53.SometimestheRoomFairywouldproposealittle54:“Ifyoucanfinishyourhomeworkand55

yourlessonsbeforedinner,I’dliketowatchaparticulartelevisionprogramwithyoutonight.”Sometimessomecolor1edmarkersorotherlittleitemswouldbeleftin56

ofwelldonejobstheday

57.

58

Ican’trememberhowlong“theRoomFairy”continuedleavingherlovenotes.Whentheywereageappropriate,weusedvariousversionsofPost-Its(贴条).Thebathroommirrorbecamethe59centreofourhome.Appointments,noticesaboutvisitings,lessonschedules,andchangesinplanscouldbeposted.Weallbenefitedfromand60

theideaofsharingremindersanddailydetailsoflifethroughnotes.IbelievethetrueadvantageoftheRoomFairynotessurvivesinourfrequentandenjoyablecommunication.41.

A.indifferently

B.gratefully

C.doubtfully

D.otherwise42.

A.side

B.deaf

C.neither

D.either43.

A.crying

B.breaking

C.bursting

D.bumping44.

A.adjust

B.adopt

C.access

D.addict45.

A.clearing

B.tidying

C.emptying

D.searching46.

A.distance

B.words

C.speech

D.sight47.

A.sent

B.read

C.delivered

D.addressed48.

A.As

B.At

C.In

D.Upon49.

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.nomorethan

D.otherthan50.

A.asking

B.waiting

C.praying

D.expecting51.

A.politely

B.happily

C.gently

D.toughly52.

A.music

B.song

C.piece

D.tone53.

A.respectable

B.uninteresting

C.incredible

D.fresh54.

A.challenge

B.question

C.suggestion

D.advice55.

A.gowith

B.lookup

C.goover

D.lookinto56.

A.response

B.answer

C.praise

D.honor57.

A.ahead

B.before

C.over

D.ago58.

A.Actually

B.Evenso

C.Evenif

D.Though59.

A.life

B.main

C.memory

D.reminder60.

A.learned

B.appreciated

C.shared

D.thanked参考答案：41.D42.B43.C44.A45.B46.B47.D48.D49.A50.B51.C52.C53.D54.A55.C56.C57.B58.A59.D60.B43.C考查动词。A.crying叫喊；B.breaking破坏；C.bursting爆发；D.bumping碰撞。burstintotears突然哭起来，是固定短语。故选C.144.A考查动词。A.adjust调整；B.adopt采取；C.access使用；D.addict沉溺。此处指我意识到要调整我做妈妈的方法了。故选A.45.B考查动词。A.clearing清除；B.tidying整理；C.emptying倒空；D.searching搜寻。此处指孩子们上学后我花时间给他们整理房间，根据常识选B.46.B考查名词。A.distance远方；B.words话语；C.speech演讲；D.sight视力。结合句意可知我在卡片上留下了话，故选B.47.D考查动词A.sent送；B.read读；C.delivered递送；D.addressed从事。这里是指我另外一封信写给了Sarah，故选D.48.D考查介词。A.As如同；B.At在；C.In在……里面；D.Upon…一…就…。根据句意可知孩子们一放学就为收到的纸条兴奋。故选D.49.A考查固定短语。A.morethan超出，非常；B.ratherthan宁愿；C.nomorethan仅仅；D.otherthan不同于。morethan+形容词非常…，此处指孩子们一放学就为收到的纸条非常兴奋，根据语境选A.50.B考查动词。A.asking问；B.waiting等；C.praying祈祷；D.expecting期望。waitfor等待，此处指还有一张便条等着他们，故选B.51.C考查副词。A.politely有礼貌地；B.happily高兴地；C.gently温柔地；D.toughly固执地。此处指与我以前的方法形成对比，温和地请他们演奏一曲小提琴曲，故选C.52.C考查名词。A.music音乐；B.song歌曲；C.piece篇，曲；D.tone曲调。acertainviolinpiece指一首小提琴曲子，故选C.53.D考查形容词。A.respectable值得尊敬的；B.uninteresting乏味的；C.incredible难以置信的。D.fresh新鲜的。此处指每天都有新鲜的想法，故选D.54.A考查名词。A.challenge挑战；B.question问题；C.suggestion建议；D.advice建议。根据下文可知都是一些有难度的工作，challenge指有挑战性的工作。故选A.55.C考查固定短语。A.gowith和…一起去；B.lookup查找；C.goover复习；D.lookinto调查。此处指晚饭前能完成作业并且复习功课，晚上就一起看电视。根据语境选C.56.C考查名词。A.response反应；B.answer回答；C.praise赞扬；D.honor荣誉。inpraiseof表扬…，此处指表扬做的好的事，故选C.57.B考查介词。A.ahead向前；B.before在……之前；C.over越过；D.ago以前。thedaybefore前天，故选B.【名师点睛】完型填空题的命题特点及答题方法：1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力完型填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。第59小题考查名词。A.life生命；B.main主要部分；C.memory记忆；D.reminder暗示。这里是指浴室的玻璃上成了贴纸条的提醒墙。下文60空后面也有这个词，故选D.3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。如第42小题考查形容词。A.side一边的；B.deaf聋的；C.neither两者都不的；D.either两者之中任一的。此处指对于我的抱怨和喊叫，孩子们就像聋子一样充耳不闻，毫不理会。根据语境选B.55小题考查固定短语。A.gowith和…一起去；B.lookup查找；C.goover复习；D.lookinto调查。此处指晚饭前能完成作业并且复习功课，晚上就一起看电视。根据语境选C.4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如第45小题考查动词。A.clearing清除；B.tidying整理；C.emptying倒空；D.searching搜寻。此处指孩子们上学后我花时间给他们整理房间，根据常识选B.5.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力

此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。111]三、阅读理解22.The

amountofwaterintheworldisfinite(有限的).Thenumberofpeopleisgrowingfastandwateruseisgrowingevenfaster.Globalwaterconsumptionrosesixtimesbetween1900and1995--morethandoubletherateofpopulationgrowth.

Asimportantasquantityisquality–withpollutionincreasinginsomeareas,theamountofuseablewaterdeclines.ESTIMATEDANNUALWORLDWATERUSE

km

peryearAndthewidereffectsofwatershortagesarejustasfrighteningastheprospectofhavingtoolittletodrink.Seventypercentofthewaterusedworldwideisusedforagriculture.Muchmorewillbeneededifwearetofeedtheworld'sgrowingpopulation.AndconsumptionwillrisefurtherasmorepeopleexpectWestern-stylelifestylesanddiets--onekilogramofgrain-fedbeefneedsatleast15m3.ofwater,whileakiloofcereals(谷物)needsonlyupto3m3.Newtechnologycanhelp,however,especiallybycleaninguppollutionandsomakingmorewateruseable,andinagriculture,wherewaterusecanbemadefarmoreefficient.Drought-resistant(抗旱的)plantscanalsohelp.

Theoptimistssay“virtualwater”maysavetheday--thewatercontainedincropswhichcouldbeexportedfromwater-richcountriestodryones.Buttheamountsinvolvedwouldbehuge,andtheenergyneededtotransportthewaterwouldbeenormous.

Inanycase,itisnotjustuswhoneedwater,buteveryotherspeciesthatsharestheplanetwithus.Wehavetorethinkhowmuchwaterwereallyneedifwearetolearnhowtosharetheearth'ssupply.Whiledamsandotherlarge-scaleschemesplayabigroleworldwide,thereisalsoagrowingrecognitionofthevalueofusingthewaterwealreadyhavemoreefficientlyratherthanharvestingevermorefromourrivers.Formillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,gettingitrightisamatteroflifeanddeath.51.Whatdoesthegraphinthetextindicate?

A.Theamountofwaterintheworldisfinite.

B.Globalwaterconsumptionhasrisenfast.

C.Thepopulationintheworldisgrowingfast.D.Waterqualityisasimportantaswaterquantity.52.WhichofthefollowingstatementsonwaterconsumptionisNOTtrue?

A.Agricultureconsumesmorethanhalfofthewaterusedintheworld.

B.Thegrowingpopulationworsensthewatershortagesituation.

C.Lifestylesplayanimportantroleinwaterconsumption.

D.TheWesternwayofagricultureusesmorewaterthantheAsianway.53."Virtualwater"refersto"thewaterthat________".

A.ishiddenincrops

B.issavedinagriculture

C.canbetransported

D.canbereusedwiththeaidoftheInternet54.Inthelastparagraph,theauthormainly________.A.criticizesbigprojectssuchasdams.

B.criticizestheuseofriverwater.C.callsfortheprotectionofotherspecies.D.callsforthemoreefficientuseofwater.55.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.Waterismainlywastedinagriculture

B.Waterpollutionisthreateningourhealth.C.Shortageofwaterisaveryseriousproblem.

D.Populationgrowinginfluenceswateruse.参考答案：BDADC略23.Meetingpeoplefromanotherculturecanbedifficult.Fromthebeginning,peoplemaysendthewrongsignal.Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasizetheimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Evenwithpeopleatwork,itisnecessarytospendalotoftimein"smalltalk",us