福建省南平市崇仁中学2021年高一英语期末试卷含解析

福建省南平市崇仁中学2021年高一英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Thegirl,dressedinhernewskirt,becamethefocusofattentionimmediatelyshe_____attheball（舞会）.A.turnedup

B.calledup

C.heldup

D.madeup参考答案：A略2.Unless___________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invited

B.inviting

C.beinginvited

D.havinginvited参考答案：A3.Hehasgotlungcancer__________smokingtwentycigarettesaday.A.so

B.asaresultof

C.asaresult

D.sothat参考答案：B考查副词及短语辨析。句意为：由于每天吸20根烟，他得了肺癌。so表示“所以”；asaresultof表示“由于”；asaresult表示“结果”；sothat表示“以便、为了”，故B项正确。4._______thebigsnake,thelittlegirlstoodunderthetree,_______outofherlife.A.Seen,frightening

B.Seeing,frighteningC.Tosee,frightened

D.Seeing,frightened参考答案：D5.Whenheenteredthehall,hefoundthebigdesk______withflowersandmanypeople______athimkindly.A.covering,staring

B.covered,stared

C.covered,staring

D.covering,stared参考答案：C6.

Itwas___thatahundredpeoplelookedlostinit.A.solargearoom

B.soalargeroom

C.suchlargearoom

D.asuchlargeroom参考答案：A7.It

whetherthenewlyformedcommittee’spolicy(政策)canbeputintopractice.A.remainstobeseen B.remainstosee C.isremainedtosee D.isremainedtobeseen参考答案：A8.Marymadecoffee

herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal

Asothat

Balthough

Cwhile

Dasif参考答案：C略9.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane_____.A.takesoff

B.istakingoff

C.hastakenoff

D.tookoff参考答案：B10.AMidsummerNight’sDream________attheTheatreRoyalon19thJune,andthentoursthroughScotland.A.opens B.isopened C.willopen D.willbeopened参考答案：A【名师点睛】主动语态表示被动意义(不能用被动语态的若干情况)：常见的有以下几种情况：一、不及物动词不及物动词短语和没有被动语态，如rise,happen,succeed,remain,lie,disappear,last,takeplace,breakout,belongto，等。如：

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceheresince1990.自1990年以来这里发生了巨大的变化.

误：Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceheresince1990.Afterthefire,nothingremained.那场大火之后，什么也没留下来了。误：Afterthefire,nothingwasremained.二、某些系动词，表示事物特性的时候，如：look，sound，smell，taste，feel等用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.

误：Thiskindofclothisfeltverysoft.

Themusicsoundsbeautiful.

误：Themusicissoundedbeautiful.Themeattastesterrible.

误：Themeatistastedterrible.三、表示某些“需要、要求”意义的动词，如need、want、require，deserve等后的动名词的主动语态形式表示被动意义。如：Thebikeneedsrepairing=Thebikeneedstoberepaired.

Thestoryrequiresreadingcarefully.=Thestoryrequirestobereadcarefully.四、形容词worth后接的动名词用主动语态形式表示被动意义。

Thebookiswellworthreading.=Thebookisquiteworthyofbeingread./Thebookisworthytoberead.

Theclockisn’tworthrepairing.五、作表语的形容词，如difficult，easy，hard，nice，possible，impossible等之后的不定式作状语时，用主动语态形式表示被动意义。此时，不定式表示的动作与其主语一般为动宾关系。如：IsEnglishdifficulttolearn?Themathsproblemisnoteasytoworkout.Ithinkapplesarenicetoeat.

六、某些动词，如：lock，open，sell，wash等，特别是与副词badly，easily，well等连用时，(表示事物特性)常常用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如：Thedoorwon’tlock.这门锁不上。ThiskindofcolourTVsellswell.

Thiskindofcolor1TVissoldwell.

Doestheclothwashwell？这布耐洗吗？

Theshopopensateightinthemorning.

七、不定式作定语，与被修饰动词的名词或代词构成被动关系，表示被动意义。如：

Ihavelotsofhomeworktodotoday.今天我有许多家庭作业要做。

Iwanttogetsomethingtodrink.我想弄点喝的。

Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat？你想要点吃的吗？

Withmuchhomeworktodo,Ican’tgooutwithyou.注意比较下面两句：I’mbusytoday.Ihavealotofclothestowash.(有衣服洗，但是自己洗）“Tom,I’lldosomewashing.Doyouhaveanythingtobewashed?”saidMom.（有什么要洗，别人洗）11.Ifthegovernment______thepublicinvestment(投资)betweenbigcitiesandruralareas,farmerswillnotleavetheirhomesandfamiliestogotothebigcities.A.balances B.seeks C.measures D.combines参考答案：A12.Heusedtobe_____shybutnowhecantalkfreelytoanyonehemeets.

A.extremely

B.nearly

C.actually

D.briefly参考答案：A13.December25istheday____westernerscelebrateastheirChristmasDay.A.when

B.thatC.as

D.onwhich参考答案：B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：12月25日是西方人庆祝圣诞节的日子。先行词为theday，关系词在从句中作celebrate的宾语，故B项正确。14.ManyChineseuniversitiesprovidescholarshipforstudents______financialhelp.A.insearchof

B.inmemoryof

C.infaceof

D.inneedof参考答案：D15.Shewassoannoyedthatshecouldnolonger

herangerandshoutedatherhusband.A.consider B.display C.contain D.change参考答案：C16.Theplace______interestedmemostwastheChildren’sPalace.A.which

B.where

C.what

D.inwhich参考答案：A二、完型填空17.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

WhenIwasthirteen,myfamilymovedfromBostontoTucson,Arizona.__36__themove,myfather__37__usintheliving-roomonafreezingJanuarynight.MysistersandIsataroundthefire,not__38__thattheuniversewouldsuddenlychangeitscourse.“InMay,we′re__39__toArizona.”

Thewords,sosmall,didn'tseem__40__enoughtoholdmynewlife.ButtheworldchangedandIawokeonatrammovingacrossthecountry.1watchedthe__41__changefromgreentreestoflatdustyplainstohighmountainsasIsawstrangenewplantsthat__42__mysteriesyettocome.Finally,wearrivedand__43__intoournewhome.__44__myoldersistersweresadatthelossoffriends,I_45_exploredournewsurroundings.

Oneafternoon,Iwasoutexploring__46__andsawanewkindofcactus（仙人掌）.Icrouched（蹲）downforacloserlook.“You'dbetternot__47__that”

Iturnedaroundtoseeanoldwoman.

“Areyounewtothisneighborhood?”IexplainedthatIwas,__48__,newtotheentirestate．“MynameisInaThorne.”Haveyougotusedtolifeinthe__49__?Itmustbequitea__50__afterlivinginBoston.”HowcouldIexplainhowI__51__thedesert?Icouldn’tseemtofindtherightwords.“It’svastness,”sheoffered.“Thatvastness__52__youstandonthemountainsoverlookingthedesert—youcan__53__howlittleyouareincomparisonwiththeworld.__54__,youfeelthatthepossibilitiesarelimitless.”Thatwasit.ThatwasthefeelingI’dhadeversinceI’dfirstseenthemountainsofmynewhome.Again,my__55__wouldchangewithjustafewsimplewords.“Wouldyouliketocometomyhometomorrow?”Someoneshouldteachyouwhichplantyoushouldandshouldn’ttouch.”36.A.During

B.Until

C.Upon

D.Before37.A.gathered

B.warned

C.organized

D.comforted38.A.hoping

B.admitting

C.realizing

D.believing39.A.going

B.moving

C.driving

D.flying40.A.good

B.simple

C.big

D.proper41.A.picture

B.ground

C.scene

D.area42.A.suggested

B.solved

C.discovered

D.explained43.A.settled

B.walked

C.hurried

D.stepped44.A.If

B.After

C.Once

D.While45.A.bitterly

B.easily

C.proudly

.

D.eagerly46.A.aswell

B.asusual

C.rightaway

D.ontime47.A.move

B.dig

C.pull

D.touch48.A.ofcourse

B.infact

C.afterall

D.atleast49.A.desert

B.city

C.state

D.country50.A.luck

B.doubt

C.shock

D.danger51.A.found

B.examined

C.watched

D.reached52.A.why

B.when

C.how

D.where53.A.prove

B.guess

C.sense

D.expect54.A.However

B.Otherwise

C.Therefore

D.Meanwhile55.A.idea

B.life

C.home

D.family参考答案：36-40DACBC

41-45CAADD

46-50BDBAC

51-55ABCDB三、阅读理解18.Thenationalmovementtogetridofplasticbagsisgainingsteam—withmorethan240citiesandcountiespassinglawsthatbanortaxthemsince2007intheUS.Butthesebansmaybehurtingtheenvironmentmorethanhelpingit.UniversityofSydneyeconomistRebeccaTaylorandcolleaguescomparedbaguseincitieswithbanswiththosewithoutthem.Forsixmonths,theyspentweekendsingrocerystoresrecordingthetypesofbagspeoplecarriedout.Taylorfoundthesebagbansdidwhattheyweresupposedto:Peopleinthecitieswiththebansusedfewerplasticbags,whichledtoabout40millionfewerpoundsofplasticgarbageperyear.Butpeoplewhousedtoreusetheirshoppingbagsforotherpurposes,likepickingupdogwaste,stillneededbags."WhatIfoundwasthatsalesofgarbagebagsactuallygrewsharplyafterplasticgrocerybagswerebanned,"shesays.Garbagebagsarethickandusemoreplasticthantypicalshoppingbags."Soabout30percentoftheplasticthatwasreducedbythebancomesbackintheformofthickergarbagebags,"Taylorsays.Ontopofthat,citiesthatbannedplasticbagssawasurgeintheuseofpaperbags,whichsheestimates（估计）resultedinabout80millionpoundsofextrapapergarbageperyear.Abunchofstudiesfindthatpaperbagsareactuallyworsefortheenvironment.Theyrequirecuttingdownandprocessingtrees,whichinvolveslotsofwater,toxicchemicalsandfuel.Whilepaperisbiodegradable(可生物降解的)andavoidssomeoftheproblemsofplastic,Taylorsays,thehugeincreaseofpapermeansbanningplasticshoppingbagsincreasesgreenhousegasemissions(排放).TheDanishgovernmentrecentlydidastudythattookintoaccountenvironmentalimpacts（影响）beyondsimplygreenhousegasemissions,includingwateruse,damagetoecosystemsandairpollution.Thesefactorsmakeclothbagsevenworse.Theyestimateyouwouldhavetouseanorganiccottonbag20,000timesmorethanaplasticgrocerybagtomakeusingitbetterfortheenvironment.8.Whatismainideaofthepassage?A.Banningplasticbagsisgainingpopularityworldwide.B.Banningplastichasgreatinfluenceonpeople’slife.C.Banningplasticincreasestheuseofpagerandclothbags.D.Banningplasticmayharmratherthanhelptheenvironment.9.Whatistheresultofbanninggroceryplasticbags?A.Plasticbagsarenolongerneeded.B.Peoplebegantoreusetheirplasticbags.C.Theamountofgarbageisevengreater.D.Mostofthereducedplasticreturnsingarbagebags.10.Whyarepaperandclothbagsworsefortheenvironment?A.Theyarenotasbiodegradableasplasticbags.B.Ithurtstheenvironmentmoretomakethem.C.Theycan’tbereusedasmanytimesasplasticbags.D.Theyaremuchthickerthanplasticbags.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphmean?A.Sharpincrease. B.Fastdevelopment.C.Tightcontrol. D.Sharpdecrease.参考答案：8.D

9.C

10.B

11.A【分析】本文是一篇议论文。讲述全国清除塑料袋的运动正在升温，美国已有240多个城市和县通过了禁止或征税塑料袋的法律，然而这些禁令对环境的伤害可能大于对环境的帮助。【8题详解】主旨大意题。本文第一段给出了文章的主题，全国清除塑料袋的运动正在升温，美国已有240多个城市和县通过了禁止或征税塑料袋的法律，然而这些禁令对环境的伤害可能大于对环境的帮助。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据悉尼大学经济学家RebeccaTaylor调查的结果，"WhatIfoundwasthatsalesofgarbagebagsactuallygrewsharplyafterplasticgrocerybagswerebanned,"shesays.她说：“我发现在塑料袋被禁止后，垃圾袋的销量实际上急剧增长。”故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。文中第五段描述许多研究发现纸袋实际上对环境有害的多。文中第六段丹麦政府的研究表明使用布袋对环境的影响更糟糕，由此推断B正确。【11题详解】词义猜测题。Ontopofthat,citiesthatbannedplasticbagssawasurgeintheuseofpaperbags,whichsheestimates（估计）resultedinabout80millionpoundsofextrapapergarbageperyear.which引导的非限制性定语从句，对上一句进行解释，她估计每年产生大约8000万磅的额外纸袋垃圾。可猜测asurgeintheuseofpaperbags是增加使用纸袋，因此A最相近。故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题。根据复述猜测生词的大致意义范围。复述部分可以是词、短语、或从句。同位语复述:在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间常用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号和括号等。同位语前常有or,similarly,thatistosay,inotherwords,namely,orother,say,i.e.等。定语从句复述，关系代词或者副词引导的定语从句直接对词进行解释或者说明。如小题4which引导的非限制性定语从句就属于复述上文内容，对其进行解释说明。19.

Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources,aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills(风车)begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s,whenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.

Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind(磨碎)wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepunderground.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginremote(偏僻的)areasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowed