重庆市第八名校2022-2023学年高三下学期5月月考英语试题 含解析

重庆市第八中学2023届高考适应性月考卷(八)英语注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分,考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whodoesthewomanthinkwillgetthepost?A.Anna.B.Jane.C.Rachel.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenewplay?AStrange.B.Boring.C.Interesting.3.Whichhotelarethespeakersgoingtobook?A.TheWestgate.B.TheLaurel.C.TheCrown.4.Howwillthewomangototheshow?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7小题。6.Whenwillthespeakersarriveattheparty?A.At7:30.B.At9:30.C.At10:30.7Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Preparesomefood.B.PhoneSylvia.C.Gototheirparents’house.听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9小题。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Afunnyholiday.B.Anewlymarriedcouple.C.Agreatweddingceremony.9.WheredidLisaaskHenrytomarryher?A.AtHenry’shouse.B.AtLisa’shouse.C.Onaship.听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12小题。10.WhatdoesMikeaskSusantodo?A.Meetacustomer.B.Drivehimtotheairport.C.Makeanappointmentwithacustomer.11.WhyisMikeaskingforhelp?A.Heistoobusyathisoffice.B.Heneedstopickupacustomer.C.Hehasapersonalmattertodealwith.12.WhatprobablerelationisRebeccatoSusan?A.Hersecretary.B.Hersister.C.Hercustomer.听下面一段对话,回答第13至第16小题。13.WhatsubjectisTowardtheWorldrelatedto?A.Geography.B.Politics.C.History.14.WhereisTowardtheWorld?A.Inthestudyroom.B.Inthereadingroom.C.Inthereserveroom.15.WhatdoweknowaboutTowardtheWorld?A.Itcanonlybeusedinthelibrary.B.Itmustbereturnedinafewdays.C.Itcanonlybeborrowedbyteachers.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Takealift.B.Walkupstairs.C.Leavethelibrary.听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20小题。17.Howlongdidthespeakerspendinmakingthedesk?A.Oneweek.B.Twomonths.C.Eighteenmonths.18.Wheredidthespeakeroriginallyplantoputthedesk?A.Inthesittingroom.B.Inthehall.C.Inthebedroom.19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetobeginners?A.Useelectrictools.B.Developskillsfairlyquickly.C.Startwithsmallandsimplethings.20.Whatwilltheclassdonext?A.Makealist.B.Choosetools.C.Putupashelf.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AFourMulticulturalCitiesNewYorkCityItisprobablynotallthatsurprisingtofindoutthattheBigAppleisoneofthemostglobalcitiesintheworld.Ithasthelargestpopulationofimmigrantsontheplanet.Over35%ofitsresidentsarebornoutsidetheUSA.Youcanhearover800languagesinNewYorkCitybeingspokenonadailybasis.Whichisthemostmulticulturaldistrictinthecity?Queensisthelargestandalsothemostmultiracialurbanareaintheworld!LondonLondonmaycomeinsecondplacebehindNewYorkCityforthepercentageoftheimmigrantpopulation.ButitiseasilythemostinternationalcityinallofEurope.Bangladeshis,Pakistanis,andIndiansareafewofthelargerimmigrantgroupsandawalkaroundthecitywilluncoverthattheyhavedefinitelybroughttheircultureswiththem.PeoplefromaroundtheworldaredrawntoLondonandover30%ofitsresidentsarebornoutsidetheUK.SingaporeThiscity-stateisnotjustthemainfinancialcenterofSoutheastAsia,butalsooneofthemostmulticulturalplacesontheplanet.Singaporehasfourofficiallanguages:MandarinChinese,English,Malay,andTamil.Itisalsoacenterforinternationalresidentsandtheircultures.So,youaresuretomeetlargecommunitiesofpermanentresidentswhoareforeign-born.SydneyFollowingWorldWarⅡ,Sydneysawahugeinflowofimmigrants.Thistrendhascontinuedintothepresentday,makingSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworld.AlthoughEnglishistheofficiallanguagespokeninSydney,thiscityishometomorethan250languages.ImmigrantsfromplacessuchasVietnam,India,andSouthAmericahavemadethiscitytheirhomeandbroughttheircultureswiththem.YouwillbespoiltforchoicewhenitcomestoSydney’sculturalvariety!1.Wherecanyoufindthelargestmultiracialdistrict?A.InSingapore. B.InSydney. C.InNewYorkCity. D.InLondon.2.WhatdoLondonandSingaporehaveincommon?A.Theyaresuitableforminoritiestoearnaliving.B.Theymakeittheirmissiontoattractimmigrants.C.Theybothhaveover30%foreign-bornpopulations.D.Theybothhavedifferentracesandculturesmixedtogether.3.WhatmakesSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcities?A.WorldWarⅡ. B.Immigration. C.Economy. D.Education.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了世界上四个拥有多元文化的城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据NewYorkCity部分的“Whichisthemostmulticulturaldistrictinthecity?Queensisthelargestandalsothemostmultiracialurbanareaintheworld!(哪个区是城市中最多元文化的区？皇后区是世界上最大也是最多元种族的城区！)”可知,纽约市的皇后区是世界上文化最多样化的城市区域。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据London部分的Bangladeshis,Pakistanis,andIndiansareafewofthelargerimmigrantgroupsandawalkaroundthecitywilluncoverthattheyhavedefinitelybroughttheircultureswiththem.(孟加拉国人、巴基斯坦人和印度人是其中一些较大的移民群体，在城市里四处走走就会发现他们肯定带来了自己的文化。)”以及Singapore部分的“Itisalsoacenterforinternationalresidentsandtheircultures.(它也是国际居民及其文化的中心。)”可知，这两座城市都有不同种族和文化的交融。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Sydney部分的“FollowingWorldWarII,Sydneysawahugeinflowofimmigrants.Thistrendhascontinuedintothepresentday,makingSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworld.(第二次世界大战后，悉尼出现了大量移民流入。这一趋势一直延续到今天，使悉尼成为世界上最多元文化的城市之一。)”可知，自二战后至今，大量移民涌入悉尼，移民潮使其成为一座拥有多元文化的城市。故选B。BMichaelFaradaywasanEnglishchemistandphysicistborninaworkingclasson22September1791.Faraday’sfathersufferedfromlong-termhealthproblemsthatoftenimpededhiswork.Asaresult,Faraday’sfamilyhadlittlemoneyandFaradaygotaverylittleformalschooling.ButFaradayhadanactivecuriosityanddeterminationtolearn.WhileworkinginLondonasateenager,hehadaccesstoawiderangeofbooksandhereadeverythinghecouldgethishandson.Bydoingalotofreading,Faradaysooneducatedhimselfonmanyscientificsubjects,andhislifeasascientistbegan.In1812,FaradayattendedfourlecturesattheRoyalInstitutiongivenbyafamouschemistnamedHumphreyDavy.AfterwardsFaradaysentalettertoDavy,expressingastronginterestinthesubjectscoveredinthelecturesandofferinghisservicesasalabassistant.Ayearlater,DavyacceptedFaradayashislabassistant.ThankstohisworkwithDavy,Faradaygotacompletescientificeducation.Hesoonbegantoresearchandexperimentswithelectricity.AlthoughhistimewasmostlyspenthelpingDavy,Faradaybegantoworkonhisownasachemistandscientistofgreatimportance.WhenDavyretiredin1827,FaradaytookhisplaceastheheadofthechemistrydepartmentoftheRoyalInstitute.Upontakingupthepositionhecouldfocusonhisownresearch,andFaraday’smostinfluentialandcelebratedworkbeganinthe1830s.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction(电磁感应),abreakthroughinthefieldoftechnology.In1846hegavealecturethatpresentedimportantideasaboutthenatureofelectricity,andtheselaterinspiredthehistoricalworkofJamesMaxwellrelatedtoelectromagneticfieldtheory.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impeded”inParagraph1mean?A.Stopped. B.Saved. C.Changed. D.Increased.5.WhatdoweknowaboutFaraday’steenagelife?A.Hedidn’tgotoschool. B.Helivedacarefreelife.C.Helearnedscienceonhisown. D.Hegotmuchhelpfromhisparents.6.WhydidFaradayofferhisservicestoDavy?A.Toearnmoremoney. B.ToshowrespectforDavy.C.TolearnmoreaboutDavy. D.Tolearnmoreaboutscience.7.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThehelpDavygavetoFaraday. B.TheturningpointinFaraday’slife.C.Faraday’sacademicachievement. D.Faraday’sinfluenceonJamesMaxwell.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了迈克尔·法拉第的家庭背景、学习和工作经历、科学成就等。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Faraday’sfathersufferedfromlong-termhealthproblems”和下一句“Asaresult,Faraday’sfamilyhadlittlemoneyandFaradaygotaverylittleformalschooling.(因此，法拉第的家庭几乎没有钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育。)”可知，法拉第的父亲长期身体不好，家里没有多少钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育,由此可推测，身体原因影响了法拉第父亲的工作，所以impede意为“妨碍，阻碍”，与stop意思相近。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bydoingalotofreading,Faradaysooneducatedhimselfonmanyscientificsubjects,andhislifeasascientistbegan.(通过大量阅读，法拉第很快就自学了许多科学科目，他的科学家生涯开始了。)”可知，青少年时期的法拉第自学了科学方面的知识,。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“AfterwardsFaradaysentalettertoDavy,expressingastronginterestinthesubjectscoveredinthelecturesandofferinghisservicesasalabassistant.(之后，法拉第给戴维发了一封信，表达了他对讲座中涉及的主题的浓厚兴趣，并提供了实验室助理的服务。)”可知，法拉第对戴维的讲座非常感兴趣，主动提出为他当实验室助理，由此可推测，他想要以一个学习者的身份提供帮助从而获得学习科学知识的机会。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Upontakingupthepositionhecouldfocusonhisownresearch,andFaraday’smostinfluentialandcelebratedworkbeganinthe1830s.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction(电磁感应),abreakthroughinthefieldoftechnology.In1846hegavealecturethatpresentedimportantideasaboutthenatureofelectricity,andtheselaterinspiredthehistoricalworkofJamesMaxwellrelatedtoelectromagneticfieldtheory.(上任后，他可以专注于自己的研究，法拉第最有影响力和最著名的工作始于19世纪30年代。1831年，他发现了电磁感应，这是技术领域的一个突破。1846年，他发表了一次演讲，提出了关于电的本质的重要思想，这些思想后来启发了詹姆斯·麦克斯韦与电磁场理论有关的历史著作。)”可知，本段主要与法拉第的学术成就相关。故选C项。CHomegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat’snottheirmainvirtue.Imagineaplateholdingtwostrawberries,identicalinappearance.Onecomesoutofasupermarketbox,meaningitisprobablyharvestedwhenitisstillunripe,immediatelyplacedinaforced-aircoolingunitanddrivenhundredsofmiles.Bythetimeitreachestheplate,itmayhavebeenoffthevinefortwoweeks.Theotherstrawberryispickedfromagardenminutesbeforebeingeaten.Thefirstonewillprobablytastesourwithalightstrawberryflavor.Thesecondislikelytobesweet,andtheflavorwillremaininthemouth,asthesmellwillonthehands.Supermarketstrawberriesarenotentirelywithoutadvantages:theyareconvenientandavailablealmosteverywhere.Thesamecouldbesaidofcooking:affordableanddecentrestaurantsaround,sowhybothertomakeyourownmeals?Thatattitudemisunderstandsthefinalappealofgardening:itmistakestheproductforthepurpose.Itistruethatagarden,especiallyintheearlyyears,canbringlittlebutfrustration.Inexperiencedgardenersmayplantthewrongcropsfortheirsoil.Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason’sharvesttouncooperativeweather.Nomatter.Therealjoyofgardeningisthetimespentdoingit.Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,oralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.Agardener’smemoriescenternotonthefoodproduced,butonlongsummerafternoonswithhandsinthedirt,surroundedbyfamily,ifthegardenisathome,orenhancingrelationshipswithfriendsandneighborsinacommunitygarden.Togardenistopatiently,lovinglyanddiligentlyhelplifegrow,inthegroundandaboveit.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthesupermarketstrawberry?A.Itmaytastesour. B.Itischeaperthanthegardenone.C.Itispickedtwoweeksbeforeitisripe. D.Itlooksmoreattractivethanthegardenone.9.Whymightahomegardenharvestlittle?A.Becausethesoiliswet. B.Becausetheweatherisbad.C.Becausethegardenerlacksconfidence. D.Becausetheplantsgrowinthewrongseason.10.Gardeningissimilartocookingandwritinginthat__________.A.theyallencouragepatience B.theyallpromotefriendshipsC.theyallneedrichexperience D.theyallbringjoyintheprocess11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofgreenfood. B.Thebenefitsofhomegardening.C.Thetrendofmakingfoodathome. D.Thepleasureofwatchinglifegrow.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要叙述了家庭园艺的好处。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefirstonewillprobablytastesourwithalightstrawberryflavor.(第一种可能会尝起来酸酸的，带有淡淡的草莓味。)”可知，超市的草莓可能发酸。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason’sharvesttouncooperativeweather.(即使是专业的园丁也可能因为不合作的天气而失去一个季节的收成。)”可知，天气不好可能会导致失去一个季节的收成，由此可推测出，家庭菜园收成少可能是因为天气不好。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,oralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.(与烹饪、写作或几乎任何有价值的事情一样，最深的乐趣在于工作本身。)”可知，烹饪、写作和园艺相似的一点在于：在做这件事的过程会带来乐趣。故选D。11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段“Homegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat’snottheirmainvirtue.(家庭菜园出产美味的食物。但这并不是它们的主要优点。)”引出话题：家庭菜园有许多优点。接下来具体讲述了家庭园艺的好处：能生产出美味的食物、能带来快乐、促进人际关系等。由此可推测出，B项“家庭园艺的好处”最符合。故选B。DMilk,itcomesfromcows,right?Well,notallthemilkyouseeonsupermarketshelvesisfromcows.Thesedaysweseemanyplant-basedalternativestodairy,suchasoat,peaandsoyamilk.Butwhywouldsomeonestopdrinkingtheirfull-fat,semi-skimmedorskimmedcow’smilkandtradeitforoneofthese?Therearemanyreasonswhysomeonemighttryalternativemilks.Somepeoplebelievethealternativesarehealthierthanmilkfromcows.Thosewithlactose(乳糖)intoleranceorthinkingaboutbecomingveganmightstartdrinkingalternativemilks.Also,concernsabouttheimpactofdairyfarmingontheenvironmentcouldbeafactor.Whateverthereason,therearemanyalternativestodairyoutthereforustoconsume.Butwhatarethedifferencesbetweentheseotheroptionsandregularcow’smilk?Soyamilkisonecommonalternative.Accordingtosomesources,suchas,itcontainsasimilaramountofproteintoregularmilk.Itisalsolowerincaloriesthansomecow’smilk,whichcouldbegoodforthoseonadiet,andoftencomesstrengthenedwiththingslikecalciumandvariousvitamins.So,allgood?Well,soya,accordingto,isoneoftheninefoodswhichcausethemajorityofallergicreactions,suchaslactoseintoleranceandnutallergy.Almondmilkisalow-calorie,low-fatdrinkandisnaturallylactosefreeandhasaslightnuttytaste.Whenunsweetened,italsohaslowerlevelsofcarbohydratesandsugarsthansomedairyoptions.However,evenwhenstrengthened,itdoesn’tprovidethelevelsofproteinseeninsoyaorregularmilk.Thenthere’scoconutmilk,whichislowincaloriesandmayaffectpeoplewithlactoseintoleranceasmuchasotheroptions,butislackinginprotein.Whicheverplant-basedmilkyouchoose,therearepositivesandnegatives.Dieticiansagreethemostimportantthingisgettingahealthybalanceddietwhichwon’ttriggeranyallergiesandcomeswithallthemineralsandvitaminsyouneed.Andattheendoftheday,itmayjustcomedowntowhichoneyouthinktastesbetter.12.Whatisthepurposeofthequestionattheverybeginning?A.Tostateawrongbelief. B.Tointroducethemaintopic.C.Toexpressthewriter’sdoubt. D.Toaskforanimmediateanswer.13.Inwhataspectisthealternativemilkdifferentfromregularcowmilk?A.Farmingtechnology. B.Allergysymptoms.C.Weightcontrol. D.Tastepreferences.14.Whichmilkmightalactoseintolerancepersonprefer?A.Soyamilk. B.Almondmilk. C.Coconutmilk. D.Regularmilk.15.Whatdodieticianssuggest?A.Returningtocowmilk. B.Makinguseofalternativemilks.C.Calculatingmineralandvitamincontent. D.Combiningnutritionfactswithtastebuds.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章解释了现在有些人会选择用植物奶来代替牛奶的原因，并讲述了植物奶的优缺点以及营养师提出的建议。【12题详解】目的意图题。根据第一段中的“Milk,itcomesfromcows,right?Well,notallthemilkyouseeonsupermarketshelvesisfromcows.Thesedaysweseemanyplant-basedalternativestodairy,suchasoat,peaandsoyamilk.(奶，它来自奶牛，对吧？嗯，并不是所有你在超市货架上看到的奶都来自奶牛。如今，我们看到了许多以植物为基础的替代乳制品，如燕麦、豌豆和豆浆。)”可知，作者开头提出奶是否来自奶牛的问题，并给出回答说不是说有的奶都是从奶牛身上挤出来的，接着引出有以植物为基础的替代乳制品。由此可推测出，作者在文章开头提出问题是为了引出本文主要讨论的话题——植物奶。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。第二段中的“Butwhatarethedifferencesbetweentheseotheroptionsandregularcow’smilk?(但是，这些其他选择与普通牛奶之间有什么区别？)”询问植物奶和普通牛奶的区别，接下来文章举豆奶的例子进行说明。根据第二段中的“Itisalsolowerincaloriesthansomecow’smilk,whichcouldbegoodforthoseonadiet,andoftencomesstrengthenedwiththingslikecalciumandvariousvitamins.(它的热量也比一些牛奶低，这对那些节食的人有好处，而且经常补充钙和各种维生素等。)”可知，豆奶的热量比牛奶低，这有利于减肥，由此可推测出，植物替代奶品和普通牛奶二者的不同之处在于体重控制。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Almondmilkisalow-calorie,low-fatdrinkandisnaturallylactosefreeandhasaslightnuttytaste.(杏仁奶是一种低热量、低脂肪的饮料，天然不含乳糖，有轻微的坚果味。)”可知，杏仁奶不含乳糖，由此可推测出，乳糖不耐受的人更偏爱喝杏仁奶。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Dieticiansagreethemostimportantthingisgettingahealthybalanceddietwhichwon’ttriggeranyallergiesandcomeswithallthemineralsandvitaminsyouneed.Andattheendoftheday,itmayjustcomedowntowhichoneyouthinktastesbetter.(营养师们一致认为，最重要的是获得健康均衡的饮食，这种饮食不会引发任何过敏，并含有你需要的所有矿物质和维生素。而最终，可能只是归结为你认为哪一种味道更好。)”可知，营养师们认为选择奶品的时候要考虑其是否健康均衡，含有必要的营养物质且不会造成过敏，而且还要考虑哪种味道好。由此可推测出，营养师建议要综合考虑营养因素和口感。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Creativitycanseemlikemagic.WelookatpeoplelikeSteveJobsandBobDylan,andweconcludethattheymustpossesssupernaturalpowers.___16___It’saskill.Anyonecanlearntobecreativeandtogetbetteratit.Asetoflessonshasemergedaboutwhatcreativityisandhowtoencourageitinourselvesandourwork.Let’sstartwiththehardestproblems.___17___Scientistshavebegunstudyinghowinsightoccurs.Theyhavefoundthatcertainfactorsmakepeoplemuchmorelikelytohaveaninsight,betterabletofindanswers.Forinstance,exposingparticipantstoashort,humorousvideobooststheaveragesuccessratebyabout20percent.___18___ItcanbeArchimedesinthebathtuborthephysicistRichardFeynmanscribblingequationsinastripclub.AsEinsteinoncedeclared,“Creativityiswhatisleftaftertimeiswasted.”Butthisraisesanobviousquestion:Ifdifferentkindsofcreativeproblemsbenefitfromdifferentkindsofcreativethinking,howcanweensurethatwe’rethinkingintherightwayattherighttime?Whenshouldwedaydreamandgoforarelaxingstroll,andwhenshouldwekeeponsketchingandtoyingwithpossibilities?___19___Scientistscallit“feelingsofknowing”,andtheyoccurwhenwesuspectthatwecanfindtheanswer,ifonlywekeeponthinking.SteveJobsfamouslydeclaredthat“Creativityisjustconnectingthings”.___20___Itcanbesatisfyingwhentheflamecatchesandanewideasweepsaroundtheworld.A.Butcreativityisnotmagic.BEverycreativestoryisdifferent.C.It’sjustamatterofgettingtheanswerout.D.Suchproblemsaretypicallysolvedinamomentofinsight.E.Actuallyhumanmindscanassesstherightkindofcreativity.F.Themostunbelievableconceptsarecombinationsofexistingstuff.G.Theyalsoexplainwhyamajorbreakthroughhappensintheunlikeliestplace.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.E20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是创造性以及如何激发创造性。【16题详解】前文“WelookatpeoplelikeSteveJobsandBobDylan,andweconcludethattheymustpossesssupernaturalpowers.(我们观察像史蒂夫·乔布斯和鲍勃·迪伦这样的人，我们得出结论，他们一定拥有超自然的力量。)”提到像史蒂夫·乔布斯和鲍勃·迪伦这样有创造力的人一定拥有超自然的力量，后文“It’saskill.(这是一种技能。)”讲述了与前文不同的观点，提到这是一种技能，由此可知，空处应承上启下，与前文形成转折，并引出后文。A项“但创造力并不是魔法。”符合题意，后文中的It指代选项中的creativity。故选A。【17题详解】前文“Let’sstartwiththehardestproblems.(让我们从最难的问题开始。)”提到了问题，空处应与问题有关，结合后文“Scientistshavebegunstudyinghowinsightoccurs.(科学家们已经开始研究洞察力是如何产生的。)”提到的科学家在研究洞察力的产生可知，空处应是说问题与洞察力的关系，D项“这样的问题通常会在一瞬间的洞察力中得到解决。”承上启下。故选D。【18题详解】后文“ItcanbeArchimedesinthebathtuborthephysicistRichardFeynmanscribblingequationsinastripclub.(它可以是浴缸里的阿基米德，也可以是脱衣舞俱乐部里写方程式的物理学家理查德·费曼。)”提到一些在非常规地方做出重大发现的例子，G项“他们还解释了为什么重大突破会发生在最不可能的地方。”引出下文，且选项中的They指代上文中的科学家。故选G。【19题详解】前文“Ifdifferentkindsofcreativeproblemsbenefitfromdifferentkindsofcreativethinking,howcanweensurethatwe’rethinkingintherightwayattherighttime?(如果不同类型的创造性问题受益于不同类型的创新思维，那我们如何确保我们在正确的时间以正确的方式思考？)”提出了问题：如何确保在正确的时间以正确的方式思考？这里应回答前面的问题，E项“事实上，人类的头脑可以评估正确的创造力。”符合题意，且选项中的therightkindofcreativity与前文中的thinkingintherightway相照应。故选E。【20题详解】前文“SteveJobsfamouslydeclaredthat‘Creativityisjustconnectingthings’.(史蒂夫·乔布斯曾说过一句著名的话：‘创造力就是连接事物’。)”讲述了创造力就是连接事物，E项“最令人难以置信的概念是现有事物的组合。”承接上文，且选项中的combinationsofexistingstuff与前文中的connectingthings相照应。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThanksgivingDaywasnear.Thefirst-gradeteachergaveherclassafunassignment—todrawapictureofsomethingforwhichtheywere___21___.Mostoftheclassmightbeconsideredeconomicallydisadvantaged,butstillmanywould___22___theholidaywithturkeyandother___23___goodiesoftheseason.These,theteacherthought,wouldbethe___24___ofmostofherstudents’art.ButDouglasmadeadifferentkindof___25___.Hewastheteacher’struechildof___26___andunhappiness.Asotherchildrenplayedatbreaks,Douglaswouldstand___27___byherside.OnecouldonlyguessatthepainDouglasfeltbehindthose___28___eyes.Yes,hispicturewasdifferent.Whenaskedtodrawapictureofsomethingforwhichhewasthankful,hedrewa___29___.Nothingelse.Hisabstractimage____30____theimaginationofhispeers.Whosehandcoulditbe?Onechildguesseditwasthehandofafarmerbecausefarmers____31____turkeys.Anothersuggesteda(n)____32____becausethepoliceprotectandcareforpeople.Andsothediscussionwenton.Whenthechildrenhadgoneontootherassignments,theteacherpausedatDouglas’desk,____33____,andaskedhimwhosehanditwas.Thelittleboylookedawayandmuttered,”It’s____34____,Madame.“Sherecalledthetimesshehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereorthere.How____35____shesaid,“Takemyhand,Douglas,we’llgooutside.”or,“Letmeshowyouhowtoholdyourpencil.”or,“Let’sdothistogether.”Brushingasideatear,shewentonwithherwork.21.A.painful B.grateful C.beautiful D.wonderful22.A.skip B.remember C.celebrate D.mark23.A.traditional B.agricultural C.personal D.memorial24.A.subjects B.courses C.reasons D.comments25.A.character B.homework C.task D.picture26.A.surprise B.misery C.satisfaction D.joy27.A.far B.straight C.close D.out28.A.happy B.shiny C.sad D.broad29.A.teacher B.school C.figure D.hand30.A.inspired B.matched C.defeated D.prevented31.A.sell B.raise C.eat D.cook32.A.officer B.soldier C.official D.doctor33.A.sloweddown B.calmeddown C.tookdown D.bentdown34.A.mine B.hers C.yours D.his35.A.pleasantly B.normally C.soon D.often【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。感恩节临近，一年级老师要求学生们画一幅关于自己感激的事物的画，学生Douglas画了一只老师的手，这让老师非常感动。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位一年级的老师给全班同学布置了一个有趣的作业，为他们感激的事物画一幅画。A.painful令人痛苦（或难过、难堪）的；B.grateful感激的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.wonderful精彩的。根据第四段中的“drawapictureofsomethingforwhichhewasthankful”可知，老师让学生画一幅关于自己感激的事物的画，这里是thankful“感激的”的同义词复现。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：班上的大多数人可能被认为在经济上处于贫困地位，但仍有许多人会用火鸡和其他当季传统美食来庆祝这个节日。A.skip略过；B.remember记得；C.celebrate庆祝；D.mark作记号。根据空后的“theholidaywithturkeyandother___3___goodiesoftheseason”可知，这里是说庆祝感恩节。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.traditional传统的；B.agricultural农业的；C.personal个人的；D.memorial纪念的，悼念的。根据and前的turkey可知，火鸡是感恩节的传统食物，结合空前的other，这里是说其他传统美食。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师认为，这些将是她学生大部分艺术的主题。A.subjects主题，绘画（或拍摄）题材；B.courses课程；C.reasons理由；D.comments评论。These指代前文中说的火鸡和其他传统美食，结合空后的“ofmostofherstudents’art”可知，老师认为这些东西会是她大部分学生绘画的主题。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Douglas画了一张不同的照片。A.character性格；B.homework家庭作业；C.task任务；D.picture画。根据第四段中的“hispicture”可知，这里是说Douglas的画，是picture的原词复现。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是老师名副其实的悲惨不幸的孩子。A.surprise惊讶；B.misery悲惨；C.satisfaction满意；D.joy高兴。根据空后的“andunhappiness”，这里应用和unhappiness感情色彩一致的词，表达的是悲惨和不幸。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子在课间休息时玩耍时，Douglas会紧紧地站在她身边。A.far远；B.straight笔直地；C.close接近地；D.out在外。根据空后的“byherside”可知，Douglas紧紧地站在老师身边。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们只能猜测Douglas在那双悲伤的眼睛背后所感受到的痛苦。A.happy高兴的；B.shiny光亮的；C.sad悲伤的；D.broad宽阔的。根据句中的“thepainDouglasfelt”可知，这里是说Douglas的眼神悲伤。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被要求为他感激的事物画一幅画时，他画了一只手。A.teacher老师；B.school学校；C.figure人物；D.hand手。根据下文多次提到的hand可知，这里是原词复现，Douglas画了一只手。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的抽象画激发了同龄人的想象力。A.inspired激发，引起联想；B.matched相配；C.defeated打败；D.prevented阻止。根据下文中的“Onechildguessed...”“Anothersuggested...”“thediscussionwenton”可知，这幅画引发了许多学生去猜想和讨论，所以是激发了同龄人的想象力。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个孩子猜是农民的手，因为农民养火鸡。A.sell卖；B.raise饲养；C.eat吃；D.cook烹饪。根据句中的“farmers___11___turkeys”并结合常识可知，农民饲养火鸡。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一位表示是一名警官（的手），因为警察保护和照顾人们。A.officer警察；B.soldier士兵；C.official要员，官员；D.doctor医生。根据句中的“thepolice”可知，这里是说一名警官，空处是police的同义词复现。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子们继续做其他作业时，老师在Douglas的桌子旁停了下来，弯下腰，问他是谁的手。A.sloweddown（使）放慢；B.calmeddown（使）平静；C.tookdown取下，拆掉；D.bentdown弯下身。这里是一连串动作，根据前后的“pausedatDouglas’desk”“askedhim”并结合常识，老师停在学生的书桌旁，问话时应是弯下腰耐心询问。故选D。【34题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这是你的手，女士。A.mine我的；B.hers她的；C.yours你的；D.his他的。根据最后一段中的“shehadtakenhishand”可知，老师经常牵着Douglas的手，所以Douglas画了老师的手。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她经常说：“牵着我的手，Douglas，我们出去。”或者，“让我教你怎么拿铅笔。”或者“让我们一起做吧。”A.pleasantly令人愉快地；B.normally正常地；C.soon很快；D.often经常。根据上文“Sherecalledthetimesshehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereorthere.(她回忆起自己曾牵着他的手，与他四处散步的时候。)”可知，她不止一次牵着Douglas的手。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Qingmingis___36___occasionforChinesepeopletohonortheirlostfamilymembers.___37___(speak)ofQingming,afestivalinearlyAprilwithwarmtemperaturesandheavyrainfalls,itistherighttime___38___springsowing.Atthesametime,ChinesepeoplewillvisittombsoftheirancestorsaroundQingmingtopayrespectstothe___39___(death).Mostofthetimethewholefamilywillgotothetombswithofferings,cleanupweedsaroundthetombsandprayforfamilywellbeing.Qingming___40___(include)asaChinesepublicholidayin2008.Chinesepeoplecall___41___(they)thelatergenerationsoftheYanEmperorandYellowEmperor.AgrandceremonyisheldonQingmingeveryyeartoshowrespectfortheYellowEmperor,also___42___(know)astheXuanyuanEmperor.Onthisday,Chinesefromallove