英语时态语态1课件

高考语法复习系列动词时态和语态语态时态主动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时do/doesdidwill+doam/is/are+doingwas/were+doingwillbe+doinghave/has+donehad+donewill+havedone四.现在进行时（am/is/are＋doing）:1.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。

Wearehavingameetingnow.Mynotheriscookinginthekitchen.2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或表示长期的或重复的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。

HeisteachingMathsinaschool.Heistranslatingabook.3.现在进行时表示将来,表示按计划或安排要发生的动作(同一般将来时第5点）

I’mleavingtomorrow.4.现在进行时与always/forever/constantly/continuously等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩.①She

isalwayshelping

others.②Theyarealwaysbotheringmewithtinythings五、过去进行时（was/were+doing）1.表示过去某一时间或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。

Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimelastnight.2.come,go,leave等动词的过去进行时表示过去将来。

Hesaidthatthetrainwasleavingthestation.3.与always/forever/constantly/continuously等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩.六.现在完成时（have/has＋done）1.基本用法:1〕影响性用法:表示一个动作发生在过去,已经完成,且对现在造成影响或结果，常与already,ever,never,just,yet,still①Hehasalreadyleftthecity.（结果:他不在这个城市）②Someonehasbrokenthewindow.

（结果:窗户仍破着）2〕持续性用法:表示一个动作从过去持续到现在,且可能继续持续下去或可能到此结束

WehavestudiedEnglishfor5years.

2.用现在完成时的典型场合:1〕“since＋过去时间”或“since接时间状语从句（从句中用一般过去时）”主句中用现在完成时句子中有for+一段时间，用现在完成时①Ihaven’tseenhersincelastweek.②They

haveworked

togethersincetheygraduatedfromuniversity.

Wehaveknowneachotherfor4years.Themeetinghasstartedfor2hours.(F)

Ihaven`tcomefor4years.(T)

2〕用于从句中，强调从句的动作先于主句动作。

Aftershehasfinishedherhomework,shegoeshomehappily.IrealiseIhaveforgotmykeyathome.HehasbeentoBeijing.去过，已经回来了HehasgonetoBeijing.去了，还没有回来3〕It/This/Thatisthefirst（second/third…）time＋that从句(havedone)”It/This/Thatistheonly…＋that从句(havedone)It/This/Thatisthe＋最高级…＋that从句(havedone)①ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoZhejiang.②ThatistheonlypartythatIhaveeverreallyenjoyedinmylife.③ItisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.（注:以上句型把is改为was,则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态）(1)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?

---No,it’sthefirsttimeI___here.

A.even,come

B.even,havecome

C.ever,come

D.ever,havecome(2)They____theclubin2007andthey____theclubfor6years.A.joined,havejoinedB.joined,havebeeninB.werejoined,areD.joined,areDB七.现在完成进行时（have/hasbeendoing）1.一般用法:表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这一动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止

Ithasbeenrainingsincetwodaysago.IhavebeenstudyinghardsinceIcamehere.

2.I’mtiredout.I______allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshopping【答案】D八.过去完成时（had＋done）1.表示过去的过去时间状语before,until,when,after,once…by（theendof)/bythetime＋过去时间,

时间是“过去的过去”。(1)Wehadcleanedtheclassroombeforetheycamein.(2)Aftertheyhadquarreledwitheachother,theybrokeup.(3)Shehadgot6goldmedalsbytheendoflastyear.3.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时:1〕It/This/Thatwasthefirst（second/third…）time＋that从句（haddone）

It/This/Thatwastheonly…＋that从句(haddone)

It/This/Thatwasthe＋最高级…＋

that从句

ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadmethim.Thatwastheonlypersonshehadloved.

.Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebody____intotheofficeduringthenight.A.brokeB.hadbrokenC.hasbrokenD.wasbreaking【答案】B.Thiswasthefirsttimewe______afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen【答案】B现在完成时与一般过去式的区别现在完成时与一般过去式的区别：1)一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，与现在不发生联系，且句中一般有表示过去的时间状语而现在完成时只说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。①I’velivedherefortenyears.（现在仍住在这儿）②Ilivedherefortenyears.（现在不确定是否住在这儿）③Hehasboughtahouse.（现在已拥有这房子）

④Heboughtahouse.（现在拥不拥有这房子不知道,只是知道买了房子,现在可能拥有也可能卖掉了）现在完成时与一般过去式的区别：一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，与现在不发生联系，且句中一般有表示过去的时间状语而现在完成时只说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。

—Where_____therecorder?Ican’tseeitanywhere.（98NMET）—I____itrighthere.Butnowit’sgone.

A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputtingD.wereyouputting;put被动语态1.SheiscalledMarry.2.Theriverwaspollutedlastyear.3.Theriverwillbepollutedifwebuildafactorynearit.4.Thehouseisbeingbuiltnow.5.ThehousewasbeingbuiltinJunelastyear.7.Theworkhasbeenfinishedsofar.8.Theworkhadbeenfinishedbeforeweleft.9.Theworkwillhavebeenfinishedbytheendofnextweek.语态时态被动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时

am/is/are+done

was/were+done

willbe+done

am/is/arebeing+done

was/werebeing+done

have/hasbeen+done

hadbeen+donewill+havebeendoneam/is/are+done一般现在时被动语态。am/is/are+done1.Thenewwordistaughtatschool.2.Tomislovedbyhisparents.3.Theseplacearevisitedbymanyvisitorseveryyear.4.Iamoftencheatedbyfakeadvertisement.他被认为是最伟大的科学家。Heisreferredtoas/consideredasthegreatestscientist.一般过去时被动语态was/were+done1.Iwasbitbyhimjustnow.2.Thesingerwasadmiredbymanypeoplewhenhewasfamous.3.AllofthesebookwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.这个通知是昨天被一个学生张贴的。Thenoticewasputupbyastudentyesterday.一般将来时被动语态willbedone1.Thecarwillberepairedtomorrow.2.Thepicturewillbedrawnintwohours.3.Wewillbeadmittedtofamousuniversitiesnextyear.这个事情明天将会被记者报道。Thiseventwillbecoveredbyreporterstomorrow.4.现在进行时被动语态

am/is/arebeing+done1.Theclassroomisbeingcleanednow.2.Thesongisbeingsungbythesuperstar.3.Theplantsarebeingplantednow.

我们的建议现在正在被讨论。Oursuggestionisbeingdiscussednow。5.过去进行时被动语态

was/werebeing+done.1.Theclotheswerebeingwashedbymotherat9lastnight.2.Thisshirtwasbeingtriedonbyagirlthistimeyesterday.昨天下午六点，他正在受惩罚。Hewasbeingpunishedat6pm.yesterday.6.现在完成时被动语态have/hasbeendone1.Thenewshasbeengivenaway.2.Themissingboyhasbeenfoundsofar.3.Theyhavebeeninvitedtotheparty.这些经历已经被我们遗忘了。Theseexperienceshavealreadybeenforgotbyus.7.过去完成时被动语态hadbeendone1.IhadbeentoldthenewsbeforeIcamehere.2.WehadbeentakentotheUSAbeforeweerteredtheuniversity.昨天，在我们参加比赛之前，我们已经被采访过了。Wehadbeeninterviewedbeforewetookpartinthecompetitionyesterday.8.将来完成时的被动语态

willhavebeendone1.Theworkwillhavebeenfinishedby7o`clock.2.TheIDwillhavebeencheckedbeforepeoplegetintothehotelroom.在明年结束前，这部小说会被卖完。Thisnovelwillhavebeensoldoutbytheendofnextyear.1.Alotoftrees______________(plant)since1990.2.Theriver______________(pollute)beforethepresidentgotthere.3.Largefarms________________(abandon)nextyear.4.Largequantitiesofglasses__________________(produce)bythecompanylastmonth.5.Thebook__________________(translate)now.havebeenplantedhadbeenpollutedwillbeabandonedwereproducedisbeingtranslated需要注意的情况1.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语give+me(间宾)+abook（直宾）(=giveabooktome)ask,bring,buy(for),give,hand,lend,pass,pay,return,sell,send,show,tell,writeHegivesmeabook.Iamgivenabookbyhim.Abookisgiventomebyhim.2.主动形式表示被动意义

（1）.表示主语特征、状态的动词wash,clean,cook,cut,read,wear,draw,write,sell等。Thebooksellswell.这本书销路好。Theclotheswasheasily.这衣服很好洗。（2）.在“be+形容词+todo”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.4.主动形式表示被动意义

（3）.在need,require,want,beworth（形容词）,deserve后,用-ing表示被动，例如：

Thedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.门该修了。（4）.betoblame(受谴责)，betorent/let（出租）也用主动形式表被动。例如：

Iwastoblamefortheaccident.我该为事故而受指责。Thehouseistolet/rent.（5）.have+宾语+todo结构中，不定式的逻辑主语为句子的主语时，做补语的不定式用主动表被动，若主语与动词不定式之间无主谓关系，则用不定式的别动语态。Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Shehassomuchworktodo.Doyouhaveanyhomeworktodo?Doyouhaveclothestobewashed?

1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound2.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublished