2023届高考英语习语和交际用语课件

习语与交际用语A：Breakalegonyourfinal!B：Thanks,Iwilldomybest.A：CanIcheckyourbag?Isuspectthatyouarecheating.B：Ofcourse.Idon’t

haveskeletoninmycloset.

A：Hernameringsabell,butIdon’trememberwherewemet.breakaleg本义“断一条腿”。有一种说法是，相传淘气的精灵(elf)会让与愿望相反的事发生。于是人们故意说“祝你断一条腿”，希望借此骗过那些精灵。最早用于演出前预祝成功，现在使用更加广泛，相当于goodluck。Ringabell本义是“鸣钟”，在大脑中有钟声回荡，即表示“听起来耳熟，唤起记忆”。skeleton

是指骷髅,而closet是指衣柜的意思,各位不难想象,一个人把骷髅藏在自己的衣柜里做什么?一定是有不可告人的秘密。如：“burnone’sboats/bridges

”，此习语中的“bridges”被美国人使用，原意是指古罗马朱力斯·凯撒大军船越过Rubicon后就把船烧了，以此来告诉士兵后路已断，只有前进，相当于汉语中的破釜沉舟,背水一战一、源于历史故事或历史事件英语习语的来源英语习语可以分为俗语（colloquialisms），谚语（proverbs），俚语（slang），典故（allusions），和短语动词（phrasalverbs）等Eg：Iknowthisisgoingtomakeusveryunpopularwiththevoters,butwehavenochoice.Thereisnootherwaytopayforeverythingexcepttoraiseincometaxes.We'lljusthavetobitethebullet.bitethebullet这个习惯用语和打仗有关。据说过去战时治疗伤员的时候没有麻药，只好让他们咬着子弹，而且这个子弹还必须是铅作的。为什么一定是铅作的呢？铅比较软，伤员的牙齿不会受伤。如果是坚硬的其他金属，伤员的牙齿就可能被咬碎呀。意思是咬紧牙关忍受痛苦，或是硬着头皮做不愉快的事情二、源于《圣经》，神话、寓言故事及其他文学作品，如莎士比亚anappleofdiscord:appleofone'seyeseethehandwritingonthewallaneyforaneye,atoothforatoothAchilles'heel

HelenofTroyTheTrojanHorseGreekgift(s)anysubjectofdisagreementandcontention;therootofthetrouble;disputetheweakestspot(致命的弱点)abeautifulgirlorwoman;abeautywhoruinshercountry;aterribledisasterbroughtbysborsthyoulkebest(红颜祸水等）thehiddendanger;theconvertwreckers(暗藏的危险；奸细）agiftwithsomeevilpurposesoftheenemy;onegivenwithintentiontoharm(阴谋害人的礼物；黄鼠狼拜年-不安好心）

“killthegoosetogettheeggs”源于希腊寓言,说的是有一个乡下人,因为发财心切杀了自己饲养的那只能下金蛋的鹅,以为如此就可一次获得全部想像中的金块,但其结果一无所获。现比喻贪图眼前利益,没有长远打算。

“afeatherinyourcap”汉译为“值得荣耀的事、荣誉”,源于广泛流行于亚洲和美洲印第安人中的一种风俗:每杀死一个敌人就在头部或帽子上插一根毛,以此来显示战绩与荣誉。三、源于民间风俗

1.—Oh,myGod!What'swrongwithyou?—Iwasgoingthenormalspeedlimitwhenatruckappearedinfrontofme__andIdidn'thavetimetostop.A.betweenthelines B.aroundtheclockC.outoftheblue D.overthemoonPractice：

feelblueblueandblack

onceinabluemoonblueblood2.—Youknowwhat?OurbossinvitedmetotheawardsceremonynextSunday.—Really?Youarea_______.A.blue-eyedboy B.blacksheep C.whiteelephant D.yellowdogyellowbeaweedbecaughtred-handedinredseeredaredletterdayintheblackblacksheepcallwhiteblacktickledpinkinthepinkgreenfingersgreenhandgreenwithenvywhiteasasheetwhiteliewhiteelephantIhavebeenverycarefulaboutspendingmoneylately,sonowmyaccountis_______.A.tickledpink B.inthered C.intheblack D.greenwithenvyI’m_______tohearthatBobhasaskedMarytomarryhim.I’vealwaysthoughttheyweremadeforeachother.A.greenwithenvy B.whiteasasheet C.blackandblue D.tickledpink.—Whydoesheweararaincoatonsunnydays?—NordoIunderstand.Heis_______.A.awetblanket B.alazybone C.ablacksheep D.anoddfish—Mum,we’vesearchedatleast5stores,butstillcannotfindonethatsuitsmytaste.—Bepatient,dear._________.A.Thebestfishswimnearthebottom. B.One’smeatisanotherman’spoison.C.Abadworkmanalwaysblameshistool. D.Thelionisnotsofierceasheispainted.coldfishfishintroubledwaterfishintheairhavebigger/otherfishtofrythereareplentymorefishintheseabeabigfishinasmallpondteachfishtoswim用来形容态度冷冰冰的人；冷漠的人浑水摸鱼缘木求鱼有更重要的事情要做天涯何处无芳草小地方的大人物班门弄斧thetopdogeverydoghasitsdaywakeasleepingdogasstrongasahorseasstubbornasamuleasbusyasabeeaspoorasachurchmouseasslyasafoxAfoxmaygrowgray,butnevergoodAleopardcna'tchangeitsspotsashungryasalionkillthefattedcalf

Daniel in the lion’s deneatlikeabird．havebutterfliesinyourstomachhaveantsinone'spantwarmasnakeinone’sbosomadarkhorsecrywolfasnakeinthegrassdon'tcountyourchickensuntiltheyarehatchedabirdinhandisworthtwointhebushgetonyourhighhorseputthecartbeforethehorseWhen the cats are away the mice will play—Thisisapreciousopportunityforusandourcompany.—You’reright.We’rehopingthisisalong-termopportunity,andnotjust_______.A.adropintheocean B.abigfishinasmallpondC.astorminateacup D.aflashinthepan—Mom,I’dreallyliketogotothebeachtoday.—I’mafraidyoucan’t.You’dbetter_______andstayhometoprepareforyourexams.A.jumpthegun B.bitethebullet C.breaktheice D.hitthespotJumpthegun：在正式鸣枪之前就先跑了。在在日常生活中老美用这个词表示太早行动（starttooearly)‘在时机尚未成熟之前，仓促行动。Hitthespotmeanstosatisfyone'sneedthepotcallsthekettleblackcallaspadeaspademisstheboatburnthemidnightoilonpaper五十步笑百步直言不讳speakfranklyanddirectly错过宝贵的机会熬夜工理论上intheory—Ihavebeenconsideringcancellingtheprojectbecauseitseemshardtogofarther.—Butit’stooearlyto___now.There’sstillmuchhope.A.pickupthepieces B.throwinthetowelC.gothroughyourpaces D.jumpdownyourthroat根据西洋拳赛惯例，拳手每打完为时三分钟的一个回合，都可以休息一分钟，用海绵或者毛巾擦去身上汗水准备再战。假如拳手眼看要给对方击倒了，那么，他的教练或者副手可以把他擦身用的海绵或者毛巾扔进拳击场里，表示自己这一方认输了，拳手不会擦身再战了，请裁判停止比赛。所以，throwinthesponge/towel现在往往引伸为“认输”、“放弃”的意思。jumpdownthethroat

跳进某人的嗓子里。这个词组的意思是突然对某人发飙。Thoughourfootballboysarefacedwithfourgoalsbehind,theyarestillstrugglinghardinthefieldto_______.A.facethemusic B.savefaceC.costtheirarmandleg D.landontheirfeetTheSpanishNationalFootballTeamissuchasuperbonethattheycan_______.A.gettheirhandsdirtyB.havetheirhandsfullC.laytheirhandsonusD.beatushandsdowngetyourˈhandsdirty：

做体力工作；体力劳动:自己动手、亲力亲为haveone'shandsfull，直接翻译的意思是“两只手都满了”，可以引申为“忙得不可开交”、“腾不出手来”或者“有很多事情要做”。get/lay/putyourhandsonsb:找到，抓到某人handsdown轻而易举地，不费吹灰之力地allearsbeallthumbspullonesleggivesbthecoldshoulderlaughoffone'sheadoffoffthetopofone'sheadanarmandalegonone'slastlegsseeeyetoeyejustice has long armkeepone'sfeetonthegroundgetcoldfeetletyourhairdownbitone'stonguebeatone'sbrainoutraise(one's)eyebrows—Whatdoyouthinkofyourpreparationsforthefinalexams?—Notsogood.ActuallyIfeellike_______forI’vemadelittleprogressinMaths.A.Danielinthelion’sden B.Achilles’heelC.agoodSamaritan D.asacredcowScroogeJonahaHerculeantaskagoodSamaritanDavidandGoliathJekyllandHydeTo rob Peter to pay Paul---acharacterwhoisextremelymean.（吝啬鬼）带来不幸的人极为艰巨的工作心地善良，乐于助人的人以弱胜强双重人格者，两面派拆东墙补西墙1AlthoughMr.Jenkinswantedtobuyanewcomputerasquicklyaspossible,hedecidedto_______toseewherehecouldfindthebestdeal.A.sinkorswimB.pushyourluckC.burnthemidnightoilD.shoparound2—IthinkitwasJasonwhostolemydocument.—_____!Iknowhim.He’llnotdothatsortofthing.A.Allears B.I’mbroke C.Fatchance D.It’sallGreektome3-----Iwasinformedthatyouwonthelottery?—Areyoukidding?MaybeIwillwinalotterywhen___.A.youcryforthemoon B.pigsflyC.allgoodthingscometoanend D.yougetanewleaseonlife1AlthoughMr.Jenkinswantedtobuyanewcomputerasquicklyaspossible,hedecidedto_______toseewherehecouldfindthebestdeal.A.sinkorswimB.pushyourluckC.burnthemidnightoilD.shoparoundsinkorswim：自力更生，成败全靠自己pushone'sluck这个习惯用语的意思就是，有点儿运气就得寸进尺，贪心不足shoparound:逐店选购(指比较价格贵贱、质量优劣)Thepricesarevariablesoshoparoundbyallmeans.到处寻找(某物或某人)I’mshoppingaroundforanapartmentformyfriendEg：Lasttimeyoudidpasstheexam,butdon'tpushyourluckthistime.It'smuchmoredifficult2—IthinkitwasJasonwhostolemydocument.—_______!Iknowhim.He’llnotdothatsortofthing.A.Allears B.I’mbroke C.Fatchance D.It’sallGreektomefatchance:机会很少；某件事发生的可能性极小=slimchanceThiscontractiswritteninsuchcomplicatedlanguagethatit’sallGreektome.一窍不通;对于我来说，就是天书I’mbroke:我破产了

3-----Iwasinformedthatyouwonthelottery?—Areyoukidding?MaybeIwillwinalotterywhen_____.A.youcryforthemoon B.pigsflyC.allgoodthingscometoanend D.yougetanewleaseonlife

pigsfly'就表示不切实际，不可能发生的事，或者字面意思和实际意思相差甚远lease本身是租约，租契；那么anewleaseoflife即“新的生命力”“生机”,可以用来形容人和物。haveanewleaseoflife=getanewleaseoflife有新的生命力，获得生机givesth.anewleaseoflife=breathenewlifeintosth.给...以新的生命力，给...赋予生机4—Ikeeponmeetingwithdifficultiesintheexperiment.Icanhardlygoon.—Wheretherearedifficulties,therearewaystogetoverthem._______.A.Suityourself. B.GoodforyouC.Pullyourselftogether! D.What’sthedeal?5—ThisweekIgotfired,hurtmyleg,andhadmywalletstolen.—_______.A.DoastheRomansdoB.Don’tcryforthemoonC.It’sabedofrosesD.Itneverrainsbutitpours4—Ikeeponmeetingwithdifficultiesintheexperiment.Icanhardlygoon.—Wheretherearedifficulties,therearewaystogetoverthem._______.A.Suityourself. B.GoodforyouC.Pullyourselftogether! D.What’sthedeal?pulloneselftogether：getcontrolofoneself；getintoamoodofpreparedness振作起来；做好…的思想准备What'sthedeal=What'sthematter/What'supWhat'sthebigdealWhatagooddeal!有什么大不了的真便宜goodforyou一般对应三层意1.Congratulations祝贺你!I'veheardalotaboutyou,yougotmarried,right?Goodforyou

2.真为你高兴Goodforyou，youfinallypassedyourtest.你通3.Youdeserveit这是你应得的.Goodforyou，youdeserveitasmuchasanyone.

还有2层比较负面的意思：1.对对方的发言表示反讽Youwannateachmealesson，really？goodforyou.2.对对方的发言表示敷衍

5—ThisweekIgotfired,hurtmyleg,andhadmywalletstolen.—_______.A.DoastheRomansdoB.Don’tcryforthemoonC.It’sabedofrosesD.Itneverrainsbutitpoursitneverrainsbutitpours:祸不单行bedofroses指的是舒适、安逸的状态，表示事事顺心，相反用法就是notabedofroses，用来形容事情不尽如人意、不完全称心，也可以说notallroses。交际用语交际最基本的要求是：委婉、有礼、得体、连贯、符合文化习惯。在答题时,不少考生犯的错误主要有下面四点:1、受母语思维干扰，错误应用汉语式英语。---Sorry,Icouldn’tcometotheparty.Iwassickthatday---_____.

A.Idon’tknowthatB.That’sallrightC.Yes,we’llhaveanotherpartyD.No,thepartywasn’theldB--Thankyoueversomuchforthepresentyoubroughtme.---___.A.No,thanksB.I’mgladyoulikeitC.Pleasedon’tsaysoD.No,it’snotsogoodB---Hello.MayIspeaktoBill,please?---___.A.BillspeakingB.I’mBillC.YouarespeakingtoBillD.I’mspeaking.A—Wouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookatyournewgarden?Mylittleson’scuriousaboutthoserosesyougrow.—_____________.You’rewelcome.A.Yes,Ido B.Nevermind C.Yes,please D.NotatallD---You’vegivenusaWonderfulEnglishdinner,Mrs.Smith.---___.A.Oh,I’mafraidIdidn’tcookveryB.I’mgladyouenjoyeditwellC.ComeagainwhenyouarefreeD.It’snotnecessaryforyoutosaysoB—HowdidyoufindyourvisittoQingdao,Joanna?—_________A.Oh,wonderfulindeed

B.Iwentthealone

C.Firstbytrainandthenbyship

D.AguideshowedmethewayAHowdoyoufindsth.?Whatdoyouthinkof….?Howdoyoulike..?2、把握不住英语中问答的固定搭配习惯，答非所问.—_______.—Thankyou.Icertainlywill.A.Haveaniceweekend B.PleaseremembermetoyourparentsC.Don’tforgettopostthelettersD.LetmehelpyouBA—Sorrytohavebrokenyourglass.—_______.Youdidn’tmeanto,didyou?A.Forgetit B.Noproblem

C.Allright D.Don’tsaysoremembermetosbsendmyregards/bestwishestosb--May I take a week's holiday? I'd like to see my niece in London. -- Forget it休想，不可能---“couldweputoffthemeeting?”sheasked--“________,”heansweredpolitely.“ThisistheonlydayeveryoneisavailableANotlikelyBNotreallyCNotnearlyDNotexactly3、对英语中形近词把握不准Bnotreally:usedtosay“no”or“not”inalessstrongway不，不是（表示不太强烈的否定）notexactly:usedasareplytoshowthatwhatsomeonehassaidisnotcompletelycorrectortrue不完全如此---YouhateLee,don’tyou?--Notexactly.Ijustthinkhe’sabitannoying,that’sall.-I’msosorryforsteppingonyourfoot.---________________.AThat'srightBAllrightCThat'sallrightDI'mallrightc

That'sallright:没关系，不介意-----sorry

不用谢-----thankyou----Ithinkyouwonthegame---That'sright

-Let's go to the zoo.   -All right -How is your mother? --She's all right, thank you.

I hope everything is all right对的，正确(=OK).用在系动词be(am, is, are)之后，表示健康状况，意思是“健康状况良好”，相当于“fine”或“well”。表示“一切顺利，令人满意”—GoingtowatchtheWomen’sVolleyballMatchonWednesday?—_______!Willyougowithme?A.IbetB.Youbet C.Yougotmethere D.YouknowbetterB我敢肯定，我相信A.—That’sthethirdtimeyou’vedonethat!—Yeah,_______?A.whatofit B.what’son C.whatif D.whatforwhatofit相当于sowhat---Tina，I'mgonnagetmarriedthismonth.Canyoubemybraidsmaid?---____________-!It'sallofasudden.A.Youcansaythatagain B.Anythingyoucansay C.Youdon'tsay. D.Yousaidit.anything/whateveryousay:随便你，由你吧（尤指说话人因不想引起争执而接受某人观点）C.—Couldyoudomeafavorandtakethesebookstomyoffice?—Yes,________.A.withpleasureB.it'sapleasure C.mypleasureD.forpleasureAWithpleasure.意为＂非常乐意＂，当别人请自己帮忙时，自己爽快的接受（伴随着快乐）。Apleasure.=Mypleasure=It’sapleasure.意为＂不用谢＂，当别人表示感谢时用它来回答Don'tmentionitthinknothingofit/Itwasnothing别放在心上，没什么

－Doyouthinkourbasketballteamplayedverywellyesterday?－____________.A.theywerenotnervousatall.B.TheywerestillyoungC.Theyplayednaturally.D.Theycouldn’thavedonebetter

4、弄不清题干语境，错误理解对话人意图.D

---Mychildrenarealwaysarguing.---___A.Justleavethemalone.B.That’sright.C.Areyousure?D.Howoldaretheboys?A—Iwillpickyouupat7o’clocktomorrowmorning.Isthatallright?—_______.Seeyouthen.A.I’dloveto. B.That’ssettled. C.It’suptoyou D.Mypleasure—Toonoisyoutside!Ijustcan’tfocusonmystudy.—_______.Let’sgooutsideandplaysoccerinstead.A.Idon’tthinkso B.Samehere C.Pleasebemorepatient D.Don’tpushmetoohardBBPracticemakesperfect1—Tom,youarecaughtlate