2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高一下学期期末学业水平诊断英语试题（原卷版+解析版无听力音频无听力原文）

第第页2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高一下学期期末学业水平诊断英语试题（原卷版+解析版，无听力音频无听力原文）2022-2023学年度第二学期期末学业水平诊断

高一英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，请先将答案划在试卷上，该部分录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatisthemandoing

A.Borrowingbooks.B.Returningbooks.C.Payingafine.

2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A.Ahospital.B.Apieceofnews.C.Ababy.

3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Brotherandsister.

4.Whereprobablyarethespeakers

A.Athome.B.Inahotel.C.Inaclothingshop.

5.WhatdoesthemanaskHelentodo

A.Lendhimhernotes.B.Giveahistorylecture.C.Takecareofherbrother.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Howsoonwillthemanbehomeattheearliest

A.In30minutes.B.In40minutes.C.In50minutes.

7.Whatdoesthemanplantodofirstaftergettinghome

A.Havedinner.B.Takeashower.C.Dophysicalactivities.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8Howmuchshouldthewomanpaynow

A.$200.B.$400.C.$800.

9.Howdoesthewomanbooktheroom

A.Overthephone.B.Inperson.C.OntheInternet.

10.Whatdoesthewomanfinallytelltheman

A.Herarrivaldate.B.Heremailaddress.C.Herroompreference.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.WhatisJason’sfavoritemusic

A.Classicalmusic.B.Countrymusic.C.Popmusic.

12.Whoprobablyisthewoman

A.Astudent.B.Asinger.C.Amusician.

13.HowdoesJasonfeelaboutgoingtoaconcertintheend

A.Curious.B.Excited.C.Bored.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.Whendoesthewomangetupeveryday

A.At6:00a.m.B.At8:00a.m.C.At8:30a.m.

15.Withwhomdoesthewomanhavebreakfast

A.Herhusband.B.Herparents.C.Herchildren.

16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman

A.Heseldomhasbreakfast.B.Hedrinksteaeverymorning.C.Hegetsupatthesametimeeveryday.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.WhendoesEarthHourtakeplaceeveryyear

A.InearlyMarch.B.Inmid-March.C.AttheendofMarch.

18.WheredidEarthHouroriginatefrom

A.Malaysia.B.France.C.Australia.

19.WhatisthefinalpurposeofEarthHour

A.Tosavepowerquickly.B.Toenjoysustainablelives.C.Todealwithlightpollution.

20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledotoprotectnature

A.Stophuntingwildanimals.B.Choosepublictransportation.C.Usehigh-energyelectricaldevices.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WithsomuchhistorypackedinWashington,D.C.—theUnitedStatescapitalcity,youcanlearnaboutthebirthofthenationandmanynotablepeoplewhohelpedshapeittowhatitistoday.Let’senjoyfourofitslandmarksforanunforgettablegetaway.

WashingtonMonument(纪念碑)

TheWashingtonMonumentwasbuiltin1884tohonorthefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Atthebase,therearefiftyAmericanflagsthatflyinacirclesurroundingthemonument.Youcanalsogetticketstoridealifttothetopofthemonumentandlookoutatthehistoricalcityfromabove!

LincolnMemorial(纪念馆)

Amainstoponeveryone’striptoD.C.isastopattheLincolnMemorial.Thememorialwasbuilttohonorthe16thpresidentoftheUnitedStates,AbrahamLincoln.ThememorialfinishedRomanesqueconstructionin1920andhasbeenamajortouristattractioneversince.Itisopen24hoursaday.

JeffersonMemorial

Completedin1947,theJeffersonMemorialhonorsandmemorializesthethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson.Thebuildingfeaturesmarblestepsandashallowroundroofwitha19-footsculptureofPresidentThomasJeffersoninthecenter.

WhiteHouse

KnownastheworkplaceforthepresidentoftheUnitedStatessince1800,theWhiteHousefeaturesbeautifularchitecture(建筑)withRomanstyleinfluences.Manytouriststotheareawalkalongitsoutsidegates,hopingtoseethepresentpresident.

1.WherecantouristsenjoyabirdviewofthecapitalcityofAmerica

A.AttheWashingtonMonument.B.AttheLincolnMemorial.

C.AttheJeffersonMemorial.D.AttheWhiteHouse.

2.WhatdotheLincolnMemorialandtheWhiteHousehaveincommon

A.Theyhonorfamousfiguresinhistory.B.Theyhavethesamearchitecturalstyle.

C.Theyareopentovisitorsthewholeday.D.Theyofferinteractionwiththepresident.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext

A.Tointroduceatravelplan.B.TorecalltheAmericanhistory.

C.Torecommendexcellentexhibits.D.Todrawvisitorstotheattractions.

【答案】1.A2.B3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇应用文。本文介绍了华盛顿的四个与总统有关的地标。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据WashingtonMonument(纪念碑)的最后一句“Youcanalsogetticketstoridealifttothetopofthemonumentandlookoutatthehistoricalcityfromabove!(你也可以买票乘坐电梯到纪念碑的顶部，从上面俯瞰这座历史悠久的城市！)”可知，游客在华盛顿纪念碑的顶部可以鸟瞰米国首都。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据LincolnMemorial(纪念馆)的“ThememorialfinishedRomanesqueconstructionin1920andhasbeenamajortouristattractioneversince.(纪念碑于1920年完成罗马式建筑，自那以后一直是一个主要的旅游景点)”，WhiteHouse的“KnownastheworkplaceforthepresidentoftheUnitedStatessince1800,theWhiteHousefeaturesbeautifularchitecture(建筑)withRomanstyleinfluences.(自1800年以来，白宫就被称为米国总统的办公场所，其特色是受罗马风格影响的美丽建筑)”可知，林肯纪念馆与白宫的共同之处，它们有着相同的建筑风格，都是罗马式的建筑风格。故选B项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“WithsomuchhistorypackedinWashington,D.C.—theUnitedStatescapitalcity,youcanlearnaboutthebirthofthenationandmanynotablepeoplewhohelpedshapeittowhatitistoday.Let’senjoyfourofitslandmarksforanunforgettablegetaway.(在米国首都华盛顿，你可以了解到如此多的历史，以及许多帮助塑造了今天这个国家的著名人物。让我们一起欣赏它的四个地标，度过一个难忘的假期)”可知，本文介绍了华盛顿的四个与总统有关的地标，文章的目的是吸引游客到这四个旅游胜地。故选D项。

B

Bornin1887inaRussian-Jewishtown,Chagallstartedpaintingattheageof19.DisappointedwiththecolorsoftraditionalRussianart,helovedtopaintwithstrongblues,redsandyellows.

Soin1911,hemovedtoParis,France,whereartistsfromaroundtheworldwerecreatingnovelartformsandheacquiredfreshwaysofpaintingeagerly.Hestayedtruetohischildhoodmemories.Whileotherschosemodernsubjects,hepaintedscenesoffantasybasedonanolder,farmer-likewayoflife.Bluedogs,yellowskiesandredtreeswereallcreationsofhisimagination.

Chagallwentthroughtwoworldwarsandpersonalsufferings.In1941,becausehisfamilywereJewish,theChagallshadtoleaveFrancetoescapetheNazisduringWorldWarⅡ.In1944cameanotherblow.Chagall’sbelovedwifeBelladiedofanillness.Despitethehardships,hispassionforpaintingneverfaded.Inthe1950s,hereturnedtoFranceandcontinuedtomakehisdreamlikepaintings.

Oneday,duringawalkinavillage,hediscovereda700-year-oldchurch(教堂),wherehesawastained-glass(彩色玻璃)windowthatcontainedagreenhorse.ItlookedasifChagallmighthavecreatedithimself.Herewasasuresign,hethought,thatheshouldcreatehisownstained-glasswindows.

ThenChagalldevotedallhisenergyandtimetothework.Asweknow,manystained-glasswindowsaremadeofflatcolors,butChagallusedvarioustechniquestocreatetheeffectshewanted.Hemadeflexibleuseofbrightcolors,puttinglightintotheworks.Hepaintedimagesonglass,thenhadthemfiredtohightemperatures,makingthelinesandcolorspartoftheglass.

Chagallcreatedthestained-glasswindowsforchurchesandotherbuildingsaroundtheworlduntilhisdeathin1985.Hegavethemasgiftstotheworldandoftenrefusedpayment.Today,peoplearestillamazedathowhisstained-glasscreationsshineandchangewiththesun.

4.WhydidChagallchoosetogotoParis

A.Tolearnnewpaintingskills.B.Topublicizehisnewideasaboutart.

C.Toexperiencethecolorfullocallife.D.Toparticipateinmodernartexhibitions.

5.WhatledChagalltodesignstained-glasswindows

A.Desiretoletinmoresunlight.B.Intentiontoimprovethequalityofglass.

C.Encouragementfromsomefamousartists.D.Inspirationfromanancientchurchwindow.

6.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout

A.Chagall’sworkingattitude.B.TheimagesChagallcreated.

C.Chagall’sartisticexperiences.D.ThefeaturesofChagall’sworks.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChagallasanartist

A.Imaginativeandhonest.B.Generousandeasy-going.

C.Creativeandstrong-willed.D.Energeticandtraditional.

【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艺术家Chagall创造自己的彩色玻璃窗的经过。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Soin1911,hemovedtoParis,France,whereartistsfromaroundtheworldwerecreatingnovelartformsandheacquiredfreshwaysofpaintingeagerly.(所以在1911年，他搬到了法国巴黎，在那里，世界各地的艺术家都在创造新的艺术形式，他渴望获得新的绘画方式)”可知，夏加尔去巴黎是为了学习新的绘画技巧。故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Oneday,duringawalkinavillage,hediscovereda700-year-oldchurch(教堂),wherehesawastained-glass(彩色玻璃)windowthatcontainedagreenhorse.ItlookedasifChagallmighthavecreatedithimself.Herewasasuresign,hethought,thatheshouldcreatehisownstained-glasswindows.(有一天，在一个村庄散步时，他发现了一座有700年历史的教堂，在那里他看到了一个彩色玻璃的窗户，上面有一匹绿马。看起来好像是夏加尔自己创作的。他认为，这是一个明确的迹象，表明他应该制造自己的彩色玻璃窗)”可知，来自古老教堂窗户的灵感促使夏加尔设计彩色玻璃窗。故选D。

【6题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第五段“ThenChagalldevotedallhisenergyandtimetothework.Asweknow,manystained-glasswindowsaremadeofflatcolors,butChagallusedvarioustechniquestocreatetheeffectshewanted.Hemadeflexibleuseofbrightcolors,puttinglightintotheworks.Hepaintedimagesonglass,thenhadthemfiredtohightemperatures,makingthelinesandcolorspartoftheglass.(然后夏加尔把他所有的精力和时间都投入到工作中。正如我们所知，许多彩色玻璃窗是由平面颜色制成的，但夏加尔使用了各种技术来创造他想要的效果。他灵活地运用鲜艳的色彩，给作品注入了光。他在玻璃上作画，然后将其高温烧制，使线条和颜色成为玻璃的一部分)”可知，第5段主要讲了夏加尔作品的特点。故选D。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ThenChagalldevotedallhisenergyandtimetothework.Asweknow,manystained-glasswindowsaremadeofflatcolors,butChagallusedvarioustechniquestocreatetheeffectshewanted.(然后夏加尔把他所有的精力和时间都投入到工作中。正如我们所知，许多彩色玻璃窗是由平面颜色制成的，但夏加尔使用了各种技术来创造他想要的效果)”；最后一段“Chagallcreatedthestained-glasswindowsforchurchesandotherbuildingsaroundtheworlduntilhisdeathin1985.(夏加尔为世界各地的教堂和其他建筑设计了彩色玻璃窗，直到1985年去世)”可推知，夏加尔有创造力，意志坚强。故选C。

C

Sharksareamongthebestswimmersontheplanet,butanewresearchsuggeststhateventheysometimes“holdtheirbreath”whiledivingdeepunderwater.Thereasonisthatsharksarecold-bloodedandtheirbodytemperaturematchesthewaterstheyswimin.Tododeepdives,theymustmaintainbodyheat,andthebestwaytodothatistoclosetheirgills(鳃).

Royer,aleadingresearcherattheUniversityofHawaii,setouttostudythedivinghabitsofhammerheadssharks.They’reknownforswimminginwarmercoastalwaters,butearlierstudiesshowedtheycanalsodivetoover800metersbelowthesurface.Atthosecolddepths,thewatertemperaturefallstoaslowas5℃.

Forthesesharks,thefallintemperatureisamatteroflifeanddeath.Becauseasharkcan’tproduceitsownbodyheat,itbeginstofreezethedeeperitgoes.Itsmuscles,eyesandbrainbecomesluggish(迟钝).Ifitgetstoocold,itcan’tswim.Andifitstopsswimming,waterdoesn’tgoacrossitsgills.Itcan’tbreatheandwilleventuallydrown(溺亡).

HowisitthathammerheadsareabletogodownintothesedeepdepthsandsurviveTofindout,Royerandhiscolleaguescaughtthefishandattachedanelectronicsensortoeachshark.Thesensorwouldreleaseitselffromtheshark’sbodyafterseveralweeks.Thedatatheyfoundamazedthem:Thesharksdived,spentjustafewminutesatdepthsandthentheyshottowardsthesurface.Theyclosedtheirgillsandkeptwateroutoftheirgillssothattheirbodywouldn’tcooldown.

“Unlikeanimalswithlungs,thesharksdon’treturntothesurfacetobreathe.Instead,theysimplygotoadepthwhereit’swarmenoughforthemtofeelcomfortableandreopentheirgills.Hammerheadsareprobablynottheonlyspeciesdoingso.Ourworkisanotherexampleofhownewelectronicsensorshelptoexplaintheextraordinaryabilityoftheseanimalsacross400millionyearsofchangingoceanenvironments,”Royersaid.

8.Whatdoesthenewresearchfocusonconcerningthesharks

A.Theirhuntinghabits.B.Theirbasictypes.

C.Theirspecialbehaviors.D.Theirbodystructures.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto

A.Keepingbodyheat.B.Holdingtheirbreath.

C.Swimmingonthesurface.D.Divingdeepinthesea.

10.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouthammerheadssharks

A.Howtheirgillsworkinthesea.

B.Howthetemperaturedropaffectsthem.

C.Whytheycansurvivetheterribleenvironment.

D.Whytheycanprotectthemselvesfromthecold.

11.WhatcanweknowfromRoyer’swords

A.Hammerheadsdependontheirlungstobreathe.

B.Thedivingstrategymaynotbeuniquetohammerheads.

C.It’shardforhammerheadstoadapttothecoldconditions.

D.It’scommonforhammerheadstostaylongatgreatdepths.

【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。有新的研究发现：水温的下降对于鲨鱼来说是生死攸关的问题，鲨鱼在深海潜水时，为了保持体温，会关闭它们的鳃，“屏住呼吸”，在深处只呆了几分钟，然后就冲向一个足够温暖的深度，然后重新打开它们的鳃自由呼吸。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Sharksareamongthebestswimmersontheplanet,butanewresearchsuggeststhateventheysometimes‘holdtheirbreath’whiledivingdeepunderwater.(鲨鱼是地球上最好的游泳者之一，但一项新的研究表明，即使是鲨鱼，在深海潜水时有时也会‘屏住呼吸’。)”，以及第四段“HowisitthathammerheadsareabletogodownintothesedeepdepthsandsurviveTofindout,Royerandhiscolleaguescaughtthefishandattachedanelectronicsensortoeachshark.(双髻鲨是如何下潜到这么深的地方并存活下来的呢？为了找到答案，罗耶和他的同事们抓住了这些鱼，并在每条鲨鱼身上安装了一个电子传感器。)”可知，研究的结果是：鲨鱼在深海潜水时有时也会‘屏住呼吸’，所以研究的重点是研究这些鲨鱼在深海区存活下来的有什么特殊的行为。故选C项。

【9题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段“Thereasonisthatsharksarecold-bloodedandtheirbodytemperaturematchesthewaterstheyswimin.Tododeepdives,theymustmaintainbodyheat,andthebestwaytodothatistoclosetheirgills(腮).(原因是鲨鱼是冷血动物，它们的体温与它们所游的水域相匹配。为了进行深海潜水，它们必须保持体温，最好的方法就是合上鳃)”，以及第四段“Theyclosedtheirgillsandkeptwateroutoftheirgillssothattheirbodywouldn’tcooldown.(它们合上鱼鳃，不让水进入鱼鳃，这样身体就不会降温。)”可知，that指代上文maintainbodyheat，要保持体温，就要合上鳃屏住呼吸，与A项“Keepingbodyheat”意思相同，故选A项。

【10题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段“Forthesesharks,thefallintemperatureisamatteroflifeanddeath.Becauseasharkcan’tproduceitsownbodyheat,itbeginstofreezethedeeperitgoes.Itsmuscles,eyesandbrainbecomesluggish(迟钝).Ifitgetstoocold,itcan’tswim.Andifitstopsswimming,waterdoesn’tgoacrossitsgills.Itcan’tbreatheandwilleventuallydrown(溺亡).(对这些鲨鱼来说，温度的下降是生死攸关的问题。因为鲨鱼不能产生自己的体温，所以游得越深，身体就会开始结冰。它的肌肉、眼睛和大脑变得迟钝。如果太冷，它就不会游泳。如果它停止游泳，水就不会流过它的鳃。它不能呼吸，最终会淹死。)”可知，海洋深处水温下降对鲨鱼来说生死攸关，第三段主要讲述水温下降对鲨鱼的影响。故选B项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Unlikeanimalswithlungs,thesharksdon’treturntothesurfacetobreathe.Instead,theysimplygotoadepthwhereit’swarmenoughforthemtofeelcomfortableandreopentheirgills.Hammerheadsareprobablynottheonlyspeciesdoingso.(与有肺的动物不同，鲨鱼不会回到水面呼吸。相反，它们只是去到一个足够温暖的深度，让它们感到舒适，然后重新打开它们的鳃。锤头鲨可能不是唯一这样做的物种。)”可知，罗耶的意思为：‘屏住呼吸’的鲨鱼不会到水面上来呼吸，而是上到一个足够温暖的深度，就可以重新打开它们的鳃自由呼吸了，这种潜水策略可能并不是双髻鲨独有的，即其他一些海洋生物可能也有这个潜水策略。故选B项。

D

Scientistshavecreatedanewtoolthatcanturnpeople’sthoughtsintowords.ItworksbyusinganArtificialIntelligence(AI)programtotranslatebrainactivityintowords.Thescientistssaytheprogramcouldhelppeoplewhocannotspeakbecauseofdamagetothebrain.

AlexanderHuth,ateamleaderofthescientists,says,“We’reengagedinthestudyandarelookingforwardtothebenefitsthestudycanbringtopeople.”

Thestudyinvolvestwomainparts.Thefirstisascanner(扫描仪)thatallowsthescientiststorecordbrainactivity.ThesecondisanAIsystemthattheresearcherstraintoturnvideosofbrainactivityintowords.

Torecordbrainactivitywithoutsurgery(外科手术),AlexanderandhisteamusedabigmachinecalledFMRI,whichusesstrongradiowavestocreatepicturesshowingwhichpartsofthebrainareactive.FMRIcanrecordtheactivityofthebrainasithappens.Totranslatetheserecordingsintowords,theyusedanAItoolcalled“GPT-1”.Itguesseswhichwordismostlikelytocomenext,basedonthefactsanddetailsthatcamebefore.

TheresearchersfirsttrainedGPT-1onlotsofstoriespeoplehadtoldabouttheirlives.Next,theytrainedittomakeconnectionsbetweenbrainscansandspokenwords.ThenatestwasdoneonthreehumanvolunteerstoseewhethertheAItoolreallyworked.EachpersonspentsixteenhoursinFMRIlisteningtostories.Thepeopleimaginedthestoriesastheyheardthem,andFMRIrecordedtheirbrainactivity.GPT-1thenusedtheserecordingsofbrainactivitytomakeconnectionsbetweenthewordsandideasinthestoriesandthebrainactivityofthelisteners.

AlexanderfoundthewordsGPT-1guessedwereverysimilartothewordsinthestorythatthepeoplewerelisteningto.Althoughthewordsweren’texactlythesame,theyoftencarriedthesamemeaning.

AlexandersaysthatGPT-IisthefirstAIprogramtotumwhatpeoplearethinkingintowordswithoutbrainsurgery.Theprogramisn’tsomethingthatcanbeeasilyusedtoday,mainlybecauseofthesizeandcostofFMRI.

12.WhoistheAIprogramtargetedat

A.Healthexpertsstudyinghumanbrains.B.Volunteersperformingmedicalservice.

C.Doctorsinneedofadvancedequipment.D.Speech-disabledpatientswithbraininjury.

13.OnwhatbasisdoesGPT-1translatebrainactivityintowords

A.Previouslygainedinformation.B.Processedradiowaves.

C.Instructionsfromthescientists.D.Videosofbrainsurgery.

14.Forwhatpurposewasthetestcarriedout

A.ToimprovethefunctionofFMRI.B.Toconfirmtheweaknessesofthescanner.

C.TochecktheeffectivenessoftheAIsystem.D.Tomeasurethevolunteers’memoryabilities.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext

A.FMRI:APowerfulDevicetoCureBrainIllness.

B.FMRIHasBeenUsedandWonPublicRecognition.

C.ScientistsAreTrainingAItoReadHumanThoughts.

D.Alexander:AnExpertDevotedtoDevelopingAILanguage.

【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了某科学家团队正在研究的一个目标受众为脑损伤的语言障碍患者的新工具“GPT-1”，它能将大脑活动转化为文字。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thescientistssaytheprogramcouldhelppeoplewhocannotspeakbecauseofdamagetothebrain.(科学家们表示，该项目可以帮助那些因大脑受损而无法说话的人)”可知，这个人工智能项目的目标受众为脑损伤的语言障碍患者。故选D项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“FMRIcanrecordtheactivityofthebrainasithappens.Totranslatetheserecordingsintowords,theyusedanAItoolcalled‘GPT-1’.Itguesseswhichwordismostlikelytocomenext,basedonthefactsanddetailsthatcamebefore.(功能磁共振成像可以记录大脑的活动。为了将这些记录翻译成文字，他们使用了一种名为‘GPT-1’的人工智能工具。它会根据之前的事实和细节猜测下一个最有可能出现的单词)”可知，根据之前获得的事实和细节，GPT-1将大脑活动转化为文字。故选A项。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“TheresearchersfirsttrainedGPT-1onlotsofstoriespeoplehadtoldabouttheirlives.Next,theytrainedittomakeconnectionsbetweenbrainscansandspokenwords.ThenatestwasdoneonthreehumanvolunteerstoseewhethertheAItoolreallyworked.(研究人员首先根据人们讲述的许多关于他们生活的故事来训练GPT-1。接下来，他们训练它在脑部扫描和口语之间建立联系。然后对三名人类志愿者进行了测试，看看人工智能工具是否真的有效)”可知，测试的目的是检验人工智能工具是否真的有效。故选C项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Scientistshavecreatedanewtoolthatcanturnpeople’sthoughtsintowords.ItworksbyusinganArtificialIntelligence(AI)programtotranslatebrainactivityintowords.(科学家发明了一种新工具，可以将人们的想法转化为语言。它的工作原理是使用人工智能程序将大脑活动转化为文字)”可知，文章介绍了一个使用人工智能程序将大脑活动转化为文字的新工具，ScientistsAreTrainingAItoReadHumanThoughts适合作文章的标题，故选C项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

TurnFOMOintoJOMO

It’sweekend.Youfriendsarethrowingapartywhileyoustayin.Thensuddenlyyoubegintoimaginethefunyourfriendsarehavinginyourabsence.____16____Youcan’thelpturningtosocialmediatofindout.Ifso,chancesarethatyouaresufferingFOMO—thefearofmissingout.Youhaveagreatdesiretostayconnectedwithwhatothersaredoing.

____17____Theydon’tfeeltheneedtoattendeverything.Instead,theyfindcomfortinstickingtotheirownplans.Theyfocusnotonwhattheylackbutonwhattheyhave.RatherthanfeelingFOMO,suchpeopleenjoyJOMO—thejoyofmissingout.JOMOistheemotionallyintelligentsolutiontoFOMO.Anditisthesecrettofindinghappiness.ThenhowcanweturnFOMOintoJOMO

Enjoyyourowncompany(陪伴).____18____Itmeansabandoning(放弃)theneedtocatchup,keepupandmeasureupinexchangeforachancetoengageinyourownlife.Watchingmovies,gettingaworkoutortakingupanewhobbyareallfunwaystospendyourtime.

Keepajournal.Ifyoualwayspostthefunthingsyoudoonsocialmedia,youmayfindyourselfcaringtoomuchaboutwhetherpeoplearevalidating(确认)yourexperiencesonline.Tomakeachange,youmightaswellkeepapersonaljournalonpaper.____19____Andthiscanalsohelpkeepyoursecretstoyourself.

Switchoff.Weusuallykeepourdevicesonincasesomeoneneedstoreachus.Butwhenyourmindsarealwaysonyourphone,yousimplycannotbepresent.Youareverylikelytobedistractedandunawareofwhatmatterstoyou.Sotrytoreduceyourscreentimeandliveinthemoment.____20____

A.Butsomepeoplefeeltheopposite.

B.FOMOsignalsalackofengagement.

C.Andyourinitialcalmturnsintoanxiety.

D.JOMOistheenjoymentoftimespentalone.

E.Youwillfindyouareactuallynotmissingoutonanything.

F.Feelingleftoutindicateswewanttoincreaseoursenseofbelonging.

G.Thusyoucanturnyourfocusfrompublicattentiontoprivateappreciation.

【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.G20.E

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了FOMO（恐惧错失）和JOMO（享受错失）两种不同的感受方式，并提供了把FOMO转变为JOMO的建议。

16题详解】

前文“It’sweekend.Youfriendsarethrowingapartywhileyoustayin.Thensuddenlyyoubegintoimaginethefunyourfriendsarehavinginyourabsence.(这是周末。你的朋友在你在家的时候开了个派对。然后你突然开始想象你不在的时候你的朋友们在玩得多开心。)”描述周末错过朋友的派对的情景，设想自己有被忽视的想法，后文“Youcan’thelpturningtosocialmediatofindout.(你会忍不住去社交媒体上寻找答案。)”描述接下来去看社交媒体的行为，C项“Andyourinitialcalmturnsintoanxiety.(你最初的平静变成了焦虑。)”符合语境，描述心情的转变，承接前文的被忽视，引出后文去看社交媒体的急切，其中的anxiety与后文的can’thelp呼应。故选C。

【17题详解】

空处位于段首，需引出后文内容。后文“Theydon’tfeeltheneedtoattendeverything.Instead,theyfindcomfortinstickingtotheirownplans.Theyfocusnotonwhattheylackbutonwhattheyhave.(他们觉得没有必要参加所有的活动。相反，他们在坚持自己的计划中找到安慰。他们关注的不是自己缺少什么，而是自己拥有什么。)”描述与上一段对错失的恐惧相反的情况，有些人在自己所拥有的当中得到安慰，A项“Butsomepeoplefeeltheopposite.(但有些人却有相反的感觉。)”符合语境，点明有人感觉相反，引出后文。故选A。

【18题详解】

前文“Enjoyyourowncompany(陪伴).(享受你自己的陪伴。)”建议享受自己的陪伴，后文“Itmeansabandoning(放弃)theneedtocatchup,keepupandmeasureupinexchangeforachancetoengageinyourownlife.(它意味着放弃追赶、保持和衡量的需要，以换取参与自己生活的机会。)”解释这种做法的意义，D项“JOMOistheenjoymentoftimespentalone.(享受错过是享受独处的时光。)”符合语境，表明应享受独处的时光，承上启下，其中的enjoyment与前文的Enjoy呼应，theenjoymentoftimespentalone是后文的It指代的对象。故选D。

【19题详解】

前文“Tomakeachange,youmightaswellkeepapersonaljournalonpaper.(为了做出改变，你不妨在纸上写个人日记。)”建议写个人日记，后文“Andthiscanalsohelpkeepyoursecretstoyourself.(这也能帮你保守秘密。)”说明这样做的另一个好处，G项“Thusyoucanturnyourfocusfrompublicattentiontoprivateappreciation.(这样你就可以把你的注意力从公众的关注转向私人的欣赏。)”符合语境，说明写日记的第一个好处，承上启下，其中的privateappreciation呼应前文的apersonaljournal。故选G。

【20题详解】

前文“Sotrytoreduceyourscreentimeandliveinthemoment.(所以尽量减少看屏幕的时间，活在当下。)”建议减少屏幕时间，E项“Youwillfindyouareactuallynotmissingoutonanything.(你会发现你实际上并没有错过任何东西。)”符合语境，说明这样做的好处，承接前文。故选E。

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Despitetheirlackoflong-timeattention,childrendohearthewordsandwatchtheactionsoftheadultsaroundthem.Inotherwords,adultsaremajor____21____onchildren.Foroneelderlywoman,thankfully,thisisthecase.

Itwasamid-Januaryafternoonandschoolwasover.Asusual70-year-oldPatricia____22____hergrandchild,7-year-oldMariah,fromschool.

However,whentheyarrivedatMariah’shome,thingstookaterrible____23____.Oncethecarwasinthedriveway,Patricia____24____it.Patriciathoughtthecarwasinparkbutitwasactuallyinreverse(倒挡).Thecarthencontinuedtoroll____25____.Patriciaattempted____26____tostopit.However,shefellandherleggot____27____underthefronttire(轮胎)onthedriver’sside.

Mariah,whowasstillinthecaratthetime,spranginto____28____.Shequickly____29____thekeyoutafterwatchinghermotherandotheradultsoftendoso.WhatMariahdidsuccessfullystoppedthecarfrommovingfurther.

Thenextmoment,Mariah_____30_____uptoherhouseandrangthedoorbell_____31_____.Mariah’smother,Porchia,wasshockedatthe_____32_____andcalled911immediately.ItwasMariah’s_____33_____movethatallowedhergrandmatofreeherlegfromunderthecar.Fortunately,Patriciawasnotseriously_____34_____.Daysafterthe_____35_____incident(事件),Patriciarecoveredandleftthehospital.

21.A.challengesB.influencesC.commentsD.concerns

22.A.pickedupB.lookedafterC.helpedoutD.sentfor

23.A.chanceB.startC.effectD.turn

24.A.lockedB.adjustedC.exitedD.approached

25.A.outsideB.backwardC.sidewaysD.around

26.A.inpanicB.withcareC.byaccidentD.onpurpose

27.A.brokenB.lostC.stuckD.separated

28.A.touchB.lifeC.interestD.action

29.A.knockedB.pulledC.directedD.lifted

30.A.walkedB.jumpedC.climbedD.raced

31.A.anxiouslyB.activelyC.rudelyD.calmly

32.A.adventureB.emergencyC.interactionD.atmosphere

33.A.well-behavedB.hard-wonC.quick-thinkingD.eye-catching

34.A.injuredB.impactedC.threatenedD.weakened

35.A.cruelB.harmfulC.scaryD.embarrassing

【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.A32.B33.C34.A35.C

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了7岁的玛丽亚目睹奶奶在慌张地企图阻止汽车倒退的过程中摔倒，并导致她的腿卡在了驾驶员一侧的前轮胎下时，玛丽亚学着大人的样子迅速拔下车钥匙，成功停下车子，然后跑回家向妈妈救助，妈妈震惊中拨打911求助，帕特丽夏得以及时脱险。

【21题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，成年人对孩子的影响很大。A.challenges挑战；B.influences有影响的人（或事物）；C.comments评论；D.concerns关注。根据上文“Despitetheirlackoflong-timeattention,childrendohearthewordsandwatchtheactionsoftheadultsaroundthem.(尽管他们缺乏长时间的关注，但孩子们确实听到了这些话，并观察了周围成年人的行为)”可知，孩子们会观察成年人的言行，成年人的言行举止会影响到孩子的行为，Influences符合语境。故选B项。

【22题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：像往常一样，70岁的帕特里夏从学校接她7岁的孙女玛丽亚。A.pickedup接人；B.lookedafter照顾；C.helpedout帮助；D.sentfor派人去请。根据上文“Itwasamid-Januaryafternoonandschoolwasover.(那是一月中旬的一个下午，学校已经放学了。)”，以及本句中的7-year-oldMariah可知，放学时候，奶奶去接（pickedup）孩子，故选A项。

【23题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他们到达玛丽亚的家时，事情发生了可怕的转变。A.chance机会；B.start开始；C.effect效果；D.turn拐弯，变化。根据下文“Oncethecarwasinthedriveway,Patricia