应用文写作指导之道歉信讲义2023届高三英语一轮复习

应用文写作指导之抱歉信讲义一、抱歉信的重要用途(aletterofapology)“抱歉〞是生活中难免的行为，也是礼貌优雅的行为。正是由于“抱歉〞，我们可以化为难的时刻为暖心舒人的礼物,

正如名言所说：Anapologyislovelyperfume,whichcantransformtheclumsiestmomentintoagraciousgift〔抱歉是一种可爱的香水，它能把最为难的时刻变成一份令人舒适的礼物〕。抱歉信，也是高考应用文中的重要一种。2016年全国卷III就是要求同学们写抱歉信。——无论是基于生活的需要，还是出于备考的需要，我们都要把握抱歉信的写法。二、“抱歉信〞的总体结构通常状况下，抱歉信包括四局部：表示歉意、说明缘由、弥补方法和再表歉意。四局部可以写成三自然段，也就是把“说明缘由〞和“弥补方法〞合在其次段里，当然，也可以将它们拆开，这样就形成四个自然段。抱歉信的总体框架可参考以下图。三、“抱歉信〞各局部写什么〔一〕第一段写什么？开门见山表歉意(1)I’msorrytosaythatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.(2)Iamwritingtoexpress/conveymysincere/heartfeltapologytoyouformybeingunabletotravelwithyou.(3)IfeelterriblysorrythatIcannotgotoYunnaninJulywithyouasplanned.(4)I’mawfullysorryforthesuddenchangeofplanandfeelitagreatpitytomisstheopportunity.(5)I’mawfullysorrytotellyouthatIwon’tbeabletoattendthelectureontheBritishliteraturethisSundaymorning.NowI’mwritingtoexpressmydeepestapologytoyou.

(6)IamexcessivelysorrytotellyouthatIhavelostthebookIborrowedfromyou.NowI'mexpressingmydeepestapologyformycarelessness.【注】有些状况下，如由于拒绝“别人盛意邀请〞而致歉，我们可以首先表达一下谢意，然后再表达歉意。例如：(7)Thankyouverymuchforinvitingmetoattendthe

“ChineseCultureDay〞

tobeheldatyourschoolthisSaturday.Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoit.Butnow,IamsorrytosaythatIcannotgoforitontime.〔二〕其次段写什么？1、先写主题句：(1)

Thereasonisthat+X.

(2)

ThereasonwhyIwillfailtogothereforourappointment

isthat+X.(3)Hereisthereason/thing.2、再写解释句：(1)

Thereasonisthatmyleftfootwasinjured.IfelloffmybikeyesterdaywhenIwasonmywaytoschool,andthedoctorinsistedthatIshouldstayinbedforatleasttwoweeks.

(2)

ThereasonwhyIwillfailtogothereforourappointmentisthatIhavetoattendafamilygettogethertomorrowwhenmycousinPeterwillreturnhomefromBeijing.(3)

ThereasonwhyIdidn’tfinishthebookreportontimeisthatIsuddenlyfellilllastFridaymorning.MyparentssentmetohospitalandIhadtostaythereforthenextthreedays.Therefore,therewasnotenoughtimeformetofinishthehomework.(4)Hereisthereason.

Mygrandfather,whoisinhis70s,fellonthegroundsuddenlywhilehavingashoweryesterday.Hewassoseriouslyinjuredthathewassenttohospitalatonce.NowheisreceivingtreatmentandImustlookafterhim.

(5)Hereisthereason.

Icaughtabadcoldandhadahighfever,whichmademehaveaheadacheandsleepallday.SobaddidIfeelthatIcouldn’tdomyhomeworkintime.NowIhavetowastnotimefinishingthem.SoIcannotgowithyou.

(倒装句的使用)(6)Hereisthething.

Justnow,mycousin,LiYing,whowentabroadforfurthereducationlastyear,informedmethatshewouldreturnthenextFridaymorning.Sheaskedmetopickherupattheairport.

SoIhavetobreakourappointment.

(breakanappointment

爽约，失约)3、还写“补救措施〞句(1)

CanIsuggestthatweputitoffuntilearlyAugust?

(2)

WouldyoumindifIsuggestedyouandmehaveaprivatemeetingafterwards?(

=

Wouldyou

mind

if

I

smoked?=

Doyou

mind

if

I

smoke?

这里woulddo与ifsbdid

连用表委婉

)(3)Iwouldappreciateitifyoufixanothertime.I’llbeavailableatanytimeafterthecontest.(4)

Isitpossibleforustorearrangethetimetowatchthemovie?

Ifit’sconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.(5)

Feelingawfullysorry,Ihaveboughtanewbooktomakeupformyfault.〔三〕第三段写什么？〔再次致歉、盼望得到理解〕(1)

Isincerelyapologizeagainformymistake.

(2)ManyapologiesagainforalltheinconvenienceI’vecausedyou.Bestregards.(3)

Ihopethatyouwillunderstandandforgiveme.(4)

Isincerelyhopeyoucanunderstandmysituationandacceptmyapology.(5)

IamtrulysorryforwhatIdidandhopeyoucanacceptmysincereapology.

(6)

Iapologizeagainforanyinconvenienceortroublecausedbymycarelessness.Definitely,suchathingwillneverhappenagain.

(7)

Isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletothinkinmypositionandacceptmyapologyfromthebottomofheart.

四、典例呈现【考例1】

(2016新课标全国卷III)

假定你是李华，与留同学伴侣Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；

2.说明缘由；

3.另约时间。

留意：1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文版本1】DearBob,I’msorrytosaythatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.ThereasonisthatIhavetoattendanimportantclassmeetingthatafternoon.Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.ShallwegoonSaturdaymorning?Wecansetoutearlysothatwewillhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.Ifit’sconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.Iwouldliketoexpressmysincereapologyagain.Yours,LiHua【参考范文版本2】DearBob,I’msorrytosaythatImighthavenochoicebuttobreakmypromiseofgoingtothebookstorewithyou.Hereisthereason.IhavejustbeeninformedthatourclassisgoingtoholdanimportantmeetingonSaturdayafternoonexactlythetimeweshallmeet.Whatanawfulcoincidence!Ifeelsosorryaboutit.NowthatI’mnotabletobepresentontime,shallwechooseanothertime?I’llbeavailableanytimeafterthemeeting.WillSundaymorningsuitsyourconvenience?Ifso,wecanmeetthenandI’msurewewillhaveagoodtimetogether.Imakeanapologyagainfornotgoingtothebookstorewithyouaspromised.Isincerelywishwecanhavefunnexttime.【参考范文版本3】DearBob,Iwouldliketoexpressmydeepestapologyfor

notbeingabletogotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.Hereisthething.IhavejustfoundthatIhavetoattendanimportantclassmeetingthatafternoon.

Sourgentisit

thatIhavetogetourplanchanged(倒装句使用).Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.

ShallwegoonSaturdaymorning?Wecansetoutearlysothatwe’llhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.Ifit’sconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.

Iamawfully(副词的运用)sorryforyourinconveniencecausedbymeagain.〔再次抱歉〕Yours,LiHua【参考范文版本4】DearBob,I'mwritingtoexpressmysincereapology

toyou

fornotgoingtothebookstore

withyouatourappointedtime.I’msorryfortheinconvenienceitmaycauseyou.ThereasonwhyIwon’tbeavailable

atthattimeis

thatmyfatherfeltill

suddenlyyesterdayandnowheisinhospital.Myfamily

aretakingturnsto

takecareofhiminthehospital.SoIhavetostaywithhimthatday.Isincerelyhope

youcanacceptmyapologies.

Meanwhile,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucould

allowmetofix

anotherdate.

Ifit’sconvenientforyou,shallwemeetat8:00amnextSaturday?Ifnot,please

keepmeinformedinadvanceof

whattimesuitsyoubest.Sorryagain

for

the

inconvenience

causedbyme.Yours,LiHua【考例2】假定你是李华，你的好友Tom想约你明晚和他家人共进晚餐，但你因故不能应约。请依据以下要点用英语给他写一封邮件：

1.表示歉意

2.解释缘由

3.弥补方法。留意：1.词数80左右；2.

可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】DearTom,I’mwritingtoconveymysincereapologyto

youforbeingunabletoattendthedinnerwithyourfamilytomorrow.Hereisthething.Iwasinformedsuddenlythatanimportantexamwouldbeheldthedayaftertomorrow.SoIwillbefullyoccupiedthesedays.Ifeelterriblysorryformissingthechanceofsuchahappygettogetherandcausingyoutrouble.

WouldyoumindifIsuggestedyouandmehaveaprivatemeetingafterwards?Ifso,please

don’thesitateto

dropmealineaboutyourpreferabledate.Iamtrulysorryforanyinconvenienceortroublecausedbymeand

hopeyoucanacceptmysincereapology.

Yours

LiHua【考例3】假设你是新华中学的同学李华，你和在上海上学的英国伴侣Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请依据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：1.

表示歉意；2.

解释缘由；3.

另约时间。留意：1.词数80左右；2.

可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】DearTom,Iamwritingtoexpressmyheartfeltapologytoyouformybeingunabletotravelwithyou.ThereasonisthatIamunexpectedlychosentotakepartintheCCTVnationalEnglishspeechcontestnextweekend,whichreallymeansalottome.Asaresult,Ihavenochoicebuttobreakmypromise.Iwouldappreciateitifyoufixanothertime.I’llbeavailableatanytimeafterthecontest.Pleasedropmealinetoletmeknowyourdecisionsoon.Isincerelyhopeyouwillunderstandmychoiceandacceptmyapology.Yourstruly,LiHua【考例4】假设你是新华中学的同学李华，你的伴侣Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的准备，但你因预备期末考试未能准时回复。请依据以下要点给他回封邮件：1.

未准时回信的缘由；2.

你假期的准备〔如：做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等〕【参考范文】DearTom,I’mterriblysorrythatIcouldn’treplytoyouremailwhichyousentmeaweekagoimmediately.Pleaseforgiveme.ThereasonisthatIwassooccupiedwiththefinalexams.Definitely,suchathingwillneverhappenagain.

Asformyplanfortheingsummerholiday,Iwillfirstdoaparttimejobinafastfoodrestaurant.IhopethatnotonlycanIearnsomemoneybutalsoIcangainsomesocialexperience.AndthenIwillgoonatriptoSichuan,wherethereareagreatnumberofplacesofinterest.Finally,I’llgotoremotemountainousareastoworkasavolunteer.Thereisnodoubtthatchildrentherearebadlyinneedofhelp.IhopewhatIwilldowillmakeagreatdifferencetothem.Bestwishes.Yourstruly,LiHua【考例5】假设你是李华，国际学校的老师Paul邀请你星期六参与该校进行的“中国文化日〞活动。但你的爷爷突然生病住院，你要和父母一起去医院探视，不得不拒绝他的邀请。请依据以下要点用英语给Paul写一封电子邮件。要点包括：1.

谢绝邀请；2.

说明理由；3.

预祝活动胜利。【参考范文】DearPaul,Thankyouverymuchforinvitingmetoattendthe

“ChineseCultureDay〞

tobeheldatyourschoolthisSaturday.Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoit.Butnow,muchtomyregret,Ishallnotbeabletoattenditontime.Thereasonisthatmygrandpasuddenlyfeelsillandisinhospital.IwillvisithimwithmyparentsonSaturday.I’mawfullysorryforthesuddenchangeofmyplanandfeelitagreat

pitytomisstheopportunitytoenjoytheactivity.IwishtheactivitytobeagreatsuccessandhopeIwillhaveanotherchancetojoinyouinthefuture.Yours,LiHua【考例6】假定你是李华，寒假中作为沟通生短期去英国培训，回国时由于匆忙，把房东Bob的音乐光盘夹在行李中带了回来。现在请你给Bob写一封抱歉信，要点如下：1.

对自己带走音乐光盘表示歉意。2.

提出解决的方法。

.

再次恳求原谅。【参考范文】DearBob,IamwritingtomakeanapologytoyouforIforgottoreturnamusicCDwhichIborrowedfromyoulastweek.YesterdayIcamebackfromEnglandandfounditinmyluggage.Iamsosorrythatyoucannotlistentoitatpresent.TheCDwhichIborrowedfromyouismadeinEngland,soIbelieveyoumayfindanotheroneinyourlocalstore.HowaboutyourbuyinganotherCDbyyourselfandIwillpayforit?Ifyoucannotfindasimilarone,Iwouldsenditbacktoyouthroughapostoffice.Andifthereareanyothersolutionsyoulike,pleaseletmeknow.Iamterriblysorryagainformycarelessness.Pleaseforgivemeforanyinconveniencecaused.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.【考例7】假设你是李华，由于要预备高三班级第一次模拟考试〔practicetest〕，未能在老师节当天去探望外教Mr.Green,

请依据要求给他写一封邮件。要点如下：1.

对未能在节日当天去访问表示歉意；2.

介绍自己近期的学习和生活状况；3.

提议本周末和另外两名同学一起去Mr.Green

家里访问。【参考范文】DearMr.Green,Howiseverythinggoing?Imissyousomuch,butrecentlyIhavebeensooccupiedinpreparingforthefirstPracticeTestthatIdidn’tvisit

youonTeacher’sDay.Whatap