初中常见地四种时态

一般现在时讲解及练习一、 定义与讲解一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。时间状语：often经常，usually通常，always总是，every每个，sometimes有时，onceaweek一周一次；twiceamonth一个月两次只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。三单变化：（1）直接在动词词尾加-s.ask---askswork---worksget---gets stay-stays（2） 以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch---watcheswish---wishesfix---fixes do---doesgo---goes pass---passes（3） 以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.try---tries study---studiescry---cries fly---flies（4） .不规则变化：be----isarehave----has二、一般现在时用法1.表示经常性，习惯性,永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词sometimes,often,usually,always,everyday（year,month）,once（twice,threetimes）aday,等时间状语连用。Theyusuallygotoschoolbybike.Itakethemedicinethreetimesaday.Shehelpshermotheronceaweek.Mary'sfatherisapoliceman.Thereare50studentsinmyclass。表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言，谚语等。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewesteveryday.ThemanwhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotarealman.TomorrowisTuesday.三、一般现在时的句子转换：（1） 当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词（can,could等等）提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.例：①陈述句：Sheisastudent.疑问句fIssheastudent?否定句fSheisnotastudent.②陈述句：Icanswim.疑问句fCanyouswim否定句fIcannotswim.（2）当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do（you,以及复数），does（单数she,he,it）变成问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don't（I,you,以及复数），doesn't（单数she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。

例：①陈述句：Wegetupat7:00everymorning.疑问句—Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句—Wedon'tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陈述句：Shehasalittlebrother.疑问句—Doesshehavealittlebrother?否定句—Shedoesn'thavealittlebrother.．用动词的适当形式填空She (go)toschoolatseveno'clock.It's6o'clock.Theyare (eat)supper.Heusually upat17:00.(get)She (live)inBeijing.Amy (be)herejustnow. (be)thereaflyonthetablejustnow?Myfather (watch)TVeveryevening.Myfather (make)toysthesedays.9． Amy (read)Englisheveryday?ChenJiesometimes (go)totheparkwithhersister..选择填空D.domyhomeworksD.Let'sto1D.domyhomeworksD.Let'sto2．It'stime .A.gotoschoolB.playgamesC.togohomeD.todomy3． goandhelpher.A.Let'smeB.Let'susC.Let's4．Dotheyhaveanewcar?Yes, .A.theyareB.theyhaveC.theydon'tD.theydo5．Heoften supperat6:00intheevening.A.haveB.hasc.ishavingD.iseatingWe anyChineseclassesonFriday.A.arehavingB.aren'thavingC.don'thaveD.arehave、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday.they (like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften (do)onSaturdays?yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.WangKaiandWangli (have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday (be)ittoday?－It'sSaturday.Weoften (play)intheplaygound.He (get)upatsixo'clock. you (brush)yourteetheverymorning.What (do)heusually(do)afterschool?Danny (study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtanschool.Mikesometimes (go)totheparkwithhissister.Ateightatnight,she (watch)TVwithhisparents. Mike (read)Englisheveryday?Howmanylessons yourclassmate (have)onMonday?Whattime hismother (do)thehousework?Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?(肯定回答)Ihavemanybooks.(改为否定句)GaoShan'ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis(改为否定句)ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.(改为一般疑问句)IwatchTVeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)Davidhasgotagoal.(改为一般疑问句)Wehavefourlessons.(否定句)Nancydoesn'trunfast(肯定句)Mydogrunsfast.否定句：一般疑问句：Mikehastwolettersforhim.一般疑问句：否定句：IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.否定句：一般疑问句:划线部分提问SuYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.否定句：一般疑问句:划线提问:Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问一般过去时态讲解及练习1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作°(yesterday...昨天…last.…上一个 ago....以前)Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为was°(wasnot=wasn't)are在一般过去时中变为were°(werenot=weren't)⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not,—般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3•句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn't+动词原形，如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。女如DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？女如WhatdidJimdoyesterday?2疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？女如Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked结尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed,女口:stop-stopped以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed，如：study-studied不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,get-got,go-went,come-came,、写出下列动词的过去式isam fly plant ___are__drink play _go __makedoes dance worry ask_taste eat ___draw ___put__throw ___kick __pass __do__二、 Be动词的过去时练习用be动词的适当形式填空I atschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There anappleontheplateyesterday.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancy goodfriends.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.It Children'sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.三、 行为动词的过去时练习用行为动词的适当形式填空He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.We (have)apartylastHalloween.Nancy (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.I (make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.Thegirls (sing)and (dance)attheparty.I (watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather (read)anewspaperlastnight.We tozooyesterday,we tothepark.(go) you (visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival? he (fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he .GaoShan (pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I (sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother .What she (find)inthegardenlastmorning?She (find)abeautifulbutterfly.现在进行时态讲解及练习1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。(now现在；Look!看！Listen!听！)2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3•现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则(直接加；去e加；双写加)一般情况下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，女如run-running,stop-stopping一、 写出下列动词的现在分词：play run swim make go like write ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、 用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.9.It's5o'clocknow.We (have)suppernow.10. Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：I.Theyaredoinghousework』分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground』对划线部分进行提问)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分讲行提问)一般将来时态讲解及练习、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year...),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。、基本结构：①begoingto+do:②will+do.在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won't。I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.—I'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.—Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthi是weekend?五、 对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。问人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.—Who'sgoingtoNewYorksoon.问干什么。What.do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.—Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.问什么时候。When.例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.—Whenisshegoingtobed?六、 同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.今日练习：1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime you meet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancy goingtogocamping.I'llgoandjointhem.(改否定)I go