2023年考研考博考博英语吉林大学考试高频考点参考题库答案

2023年考研考博考博英语吉林大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Bankingisaboutmoney;andnootherfamiliarcommodityarousessuchexcessesofpassionanddislike.Noristhereanyotheraboutwhichmorenonsenseistalked.Thetypeofthingthatcomestomindisnotwhatisnormallycalledeconomics,whichisinexactratherthannonsensical,andonlyinthesamewayasallsciencesareatthepointwheretheytrytopredictpeople’sbehavioranditsconsequences.Indeedmostsocialsciencesand,forexample,medicinecouldprobablybedescribedinthesameway.However,itiscommontohearassertionsofthekind“ifyouwereleftaloneonadesertislandafewseedpotatoeswouldbemoreusetoyouthanamillionpounds”asthoughthisprovessomethingimportantaboutmoneyexcepttheundeniablefactthatitwouldnotbemuchusetoanyoneinasituationwhereveryfewofusareatalllikelytofindourselves.Moneyinfactisatoken,orsymbolicobject,exchangeableondemandbyitsholdersforgoodsandservices.Itsuseforthesepurposesisuniversalexceptwithinasmallnumberofprimitiveagriculturalcommunities.Moneyandthepricemechanism,i.e.,thechangesinpricesexpressedinmoneytermsofdifferentgoodsandservices,arethemeansbywhichallmodernsocietiesregulatedemandandsupplyforthesethings.Especiallyimportantaretherelativechangesinpriceofdifferentgoodsandservicescomparedwitheachother.Totakerandomexamples:thepriceofhouse-buildinghasoverthepastfiveyearsrisenagooddealfasterthanthatofdomesticapplianceslikerefrigerators,butslowerthanthatofmotorinsuranceorFrenchImpressionistpaintings.Thisfacthascompleximplicationsforstudentsoftheindustry,tradeunionism,townplanning,insurancecompanies,fineartsuctions,andpolitics.Unpackingtheseimplicationsiswhateconomicsisabout,buttheirimplicationsforbankersarequitedifferent.Ingeneral,inmodernindustrializedsocieties,pricesofservicesorgoodsproducedinacontextrequiringahighservice-content(e.g.amealinarestaurant)arescale.Itisalsoacharacteristicofhighlydevelopedeconomiesthatthenumberofworkersemployedinserviceindustriestendstoriseandthatofworkersemployedinmanufacturingtofall.Thediscomfortthistruthcauseshasbeenanimportantsourceoftensioninwesternpoliticallifeformanyyearsandislikelytoremainsoformanymore.1.Accordingtothepassageeconomicsis（

）.2.Inthewriter’sview,theassertionthatmoneywouldbeuselessonadesertinland（

）.3.Modernsocietiescontrolsupplyanddemand（

）.4.Thewritersuggeststhateconomicsisconcernedwith（

）.5.Indevelopedeconomies,serviceindustries（

）.问题1选项A.similartoothersocialsciencesbecausealotofnonsenseistalkedaboutitB.differentfromsocialscienceswhichtrytoforecastthewaypeoplebehaveC.similartoothersocialsciencesbecauseitcanforetellthetomorrowD.differentfromsciencessuchasmedicine问题2选项A.illustratesonelimitationtotheimportanceofmoneyB.isonlyofimportancetopeoplestrandedinsuchplacesC.provesthattherearemanysituationsinwhichmoneyisirrelevantD.tellsusnothingofsignificanceaboutmoneyinacertainsituation问题3选项A.bydirectinterventioninthepricingofgoodsandservicesB.bymeansofmoneyandthepricemechanismC.bykeepingawatchfuleyeonrelativepricechangesD.byfixingpricesinspecificindustries问题4选项A.explainingtobankersthepricechangesB.understandingtheeffectofrelativepricechangesC.tryingtounderstandwhysomepricesrisefastD.thesamefinancialconsiderationsasbanking问题5选项A.tendtoemployanincreasingnumberofpeopleB.employmorepeoplethanmanufacturingindustriesdoC.causeproblemsforthewhitecollarunionsD.trytoreducetheiremployeestocombatrisingcosts2.单选题Theemployermust（

）thattheapplicationsfortheposthavetheproperqualifications.问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive3.单选题Sheoftensayshergreatesthappiness（

）servingthehandicappedchildren.问题1选项A.consistsinB.reliesonC.composesofD.comprisesin4.单选题Ifhockeyplayersaretoo（

）,theyarepenalized.问题1选项A.clumsyB.aggressiveC.briskD.flexible5.单选题Tightshoes（

）myfeet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise6.单选题aroundtheglobemorequicklyandeasily,hasresultedintheremovalofstatecontrolsontradeandinvestments,thedisappearanceoftariffbarriersandthespreadofnewinformationandcommunicationstechnologies.Insocietiesaroundtheworld,theeffectsofglobalizationhaveinfluencedsocialdevelopment.Notonlyaretheinfluencesofglobalizationapparentinmarkets,theirforcesarefeltintheprocessesorworkingtowardsequalitybetweenmenandwomen.RedaBebarsofEgypt,stressingthattheadvancementofwomenwouldnotbeachievedbypassinglegislation,saidthatsocialdevelopmentonthenationalscalemustbestrengthenedandaclimateconducivetodevelopmentmustbecreatedifthegoalssetinBeijing(atthe1995FourthWorldConferenceonWomen)aretoberealized.Theproblemsstemfromthefactthatwomenareverydifferentlypositionedinrelationtothemarketsindifferentpartsoftheworld.Incertainplaces,wherewomenaresociallyexcludedfromleavingtheirhomes,thechallengeistofindwaysforwomentoparticipate.Inotherplaces,thechallengeistocreatemarketswhicharemorefriendlytowomen’sparticipation.IlhamIbrahimMohamedAhmedofSudancondemnedthedebtburdencarriedbydevelopingcountries,economicsanctions,arbitrarymeasuresanddenialofaccesstonewtechnologicaldevelopmentsasobstaclestothegrowthofwomen’srights.WomenremainverymuchintheminorityamongInternetusersandstillfacehugeimbalancesintheownership,controlandregulationofnewinformationtechnologies.“Thegainsofglobalizationhavenotbeenequitablydistributedandthegapbetweenrichandpoorcountriesiswidening”，saidZhangLeiofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Thegainsofglobalizationthusfarhaveforthemostpartbeenconcentratedinthehandsofbetter-offwomenwithhigherlevelsofeducationandwithgreaterownershipofresourcesandaccesstocapital.“WorkinChinaandVietnamshowsthatglobalizationhasbroughtnewopportunitiestoyoungwomenwithfamiliaritywithEnglishinnewservicesectorjobs,buthasmadeavastnumberofover-35-year-oldsredundant,becausetheyareeitherindecliningindustriesorhaveoutdatedskills”，SwastiMitteroftheUN’sWomenWatchOnlineWorkingGrouponWomen’sEconomicInequalitysaid.1.Accordingtotheessay,whatrolehasEnglishplayedduringtheprocessofglobalization?2.Whatneedstooccurinorderforthegoalsofthefourthwomen’sconferencetoberealized?3.Wherehavetheprofitsofglobalizationgone?4.Whatdoesthesentence“...buthasmadeavastnumberofover35-year-oldsredundant...”inthelastparagraphmean?5.WhatreasondoesthepassagesuggestforthefactthatwomenremaintheminorityofInternetusers?问题1选项A.Ithascreatedneweducationopportunities.B.Ithasspeeduptheprocessofglobalization.C.Ithasopenednewopportunitiesforyoungwomen.D.Ithasincreasedthenumberofskilledwomen.问题2选项A.EnforceLegislationscallingfortheadvancementofwomen.B.Needtocreateaclimatethatencouragessocialdevelopmentonanationalscale.C.CreatenewtechnologicalopportunitiesforwomeninChina.D.AbolisheconomicbarriersbetweenChinaandtheWest.问题3选项A.Inrichcountrieswithstricttariffbarriers.B.InChinaandVietnam.C.Inthehandsofsmartwomen.D.Inthehandsofrichermembersofthesociety.问题4选项A.Globalizationhascausedmanyover35-year-oldwomentolosetheirjobs.B.Over35yearoldwomenarestuckinindustriesthatarenolongerthriving.C.Thereisagreatneedforover35-year-oldwomenduetotheprocessofglobalization.D.Therewasababyboom35yearsagoandtherearemany35yearoldwomenworking.问题5选项A.TheydonotspeakEnglishwellenough.B.Theydonotknowhowtousecomputersaswellasmendo.C.Menremainthemajorityofpeoplewhocontroltheinternetindustry.D.Itdoesnotapply,becausethisproblemdoesnotexistinChina.7.单选题

Itisreportedthatoverathirdofthepopulationinthatareahaveno（

）tothehealthservice问题1选项A.approachB.accessC.admissionD.acquaintance8.单选题（

）ofyoucouldbelostintheforestofbuildings.问题1选项A.AnyoneB.AnybobyC.AnyoneD.One9.单选题Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth.Theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs（粘膜炎）andconsumptions（肺癌）.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中风）.Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculationpromotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetosixforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentruckssothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthenewmodeexceptspeed.Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribethemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat（

）.2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept（

）.3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut（

）.4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat（

）5.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?问题1选项A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether.B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobeC.alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikelyD.railwayleadstheworldtopeace问题2选项A.therailwayenablespeopletotravelfastB.therailwaybringscomforttopeopleC.therailwaymakestheworldpeacefulD.therailwayleadstheworldtowar.问题3选项A.tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth.B.thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople’snervesC.therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople’slungs.D.tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie问题4选项A.theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroupB.theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroupC.theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailwayD.theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers.问题5选项A.PracticalB.NeutralC.HumorousD.Exaggerated10.单选题

Doctorsareoftenundersharpcriticismnowadaysforpeoplebelievetheyalways（

）toomanymedicinesforminorillnesses.问题1选项A.prescribeB.orderC.deliverD.advise11.单选题Oneofthebiggest（

）totheeconomicreformofthisareahasbeenthelackofaccesstointernationalmarkets.问题1选项A.propheciesB.transactionsC.argumentsD.hindrances12.单选题

Theplanthasbeen（

）ofthemoneyitneedsformodernization.问题1选项A.deletedB.extractedC.deprivedD.convinced13.单选题

Somesportsequipmentrequiresaspecial（

）.问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip14.单选题（

）asleep,theinjuredwasreallyawakeandlistening.问题1选项A.AlthoughpretendingtobeB.BeingC.TobeD.While15.单选题（

）isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.问题1选项A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It16.翻译题Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccessinnegotiationinaninternationalarenaashavetheirforeigncounterparts.Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachinganagreement.

Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinordertoparticipateineitherone,thenegotiatorsmustunderstandthewaysinwhichpeoplearepersuadeandhowcompromise,isreachedwithinthecultureofthenegotiation.Inmanyinternationalbusinessnegotiationsabroad,Americansareperceivedaswealthyandimpersonal.

ItoftenappearstotheforeignnegotiatorthattheAmericanrepresentsalargemultimillion-dollarcorporationthatcanaffordtopaythepricewithoutbargainingfurther.TheAmericannegotiator'srolebecomesthatofanimpersonalpurveyorofinformationandcash.InstudiesofAmericannegotiatorsabroad,severaltraitshavebeenidentifiedthatmayservetoconfirmthisstereotypicalperception,whileunderminingthenegotiator’sposition.

Twotraitsinparticularthosecausecross-culturalmisunderstandingsaredirectnessandimpatienceonthepartoftheAmericannegotiator.Furthermore，Americannegotiators,ofteninsistonrealizingshort-termbenefits.Foreignnegotiatorsandmaybewillingtoinvesttimeinitforlong-termbenefits.

Inordertosolidifytherelationship,theymayoptforindirectinteractionswithoutregardforthetimeinvolvedingettingtoknowtheothernegotiator.Clearly,perceptionsanddifferencesinvaluesaffecttheoutcomesofnegotiationsandthesuccessfornegotiators.ForAmericanstoplayamoreeffectiveroleininternationalbusinessnegotiations,theymustputforthmoreefforttoimprovecross-culturalunderstanding.17.单选题

Ifeelratherata（

）talkingtoher,becausesheissoclever.问题1选项A.defectB.faultC.disadvantageD.mistake18.单选题Thescientistfounditpuzzlingthathistheoryencountered（

）despitewidespread

agreementthatitwas（

）.问题1选项A.respect...crucialB.dismissal...simplisticC.skepticism...unfathomableD.opposition...indisputable19.单选题Thegreatestdevastationofoldageisthelossofmentalfaculties,andwiththeneardoublingoflifeexpectancyinthepastcenturyhascomethemixedblessingoflivinglongerandlosingmore.Afewgreatthinkersandartistsremainedproductiveintheirlateryears—Galileo,Monet,Shaw,Stravinsky,Tolstoy—buteventheywerenotwhattheyhadbeenintheirprimes.Inscience,theboomfallssoonerstill:“personwhohasnotmadehisgreatcontributiontosciencebeforetheageof30willneverdoso,”saidEinstein.Imagineifwecouldtransplantoldbrainsintoyoungerbodies:wouldourmindsstayyoung,orwouldwebesenileteenagers,scalingmountainsandskateboardingat120,butforgettingwhereweputthecarkeys?Isthebrainuniquelyvulnerabletotheravagesoftime?Cananythingbedone?Incontrovertibleevidencefrommanystudiesshowsthatahigherlevelofeducationandgreatermentalactivitythroughoutlifecorrelatewithlowercognitivelossesinoldage.Thesebenefitsapplytoallsortsofcognitivelosses,includingthoseassociatedwithAlzheimer’s.Someresearchersbelievethatmentalapplicationinearlylifeproducescomplexneuralconnectionsthatprovideareservelateronothersarguethateducationmerelygivespeoplethemeanstocopewithandcompensatefortheirlosses.K.WarnerSchaie,aprofessorofhumandevelopmentandpsychologyatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,hasstudiedage-relatedchangeinmorethan5,000people,someformorethan40years.Comparingearlierwithlaterrecruits,Mr.Schaieconcludesthattherateofmentaldeclineisslowing，achangeheattributestobettereducation,healthierdiet,lessenedexposuretoseriousdisease,andmorementalactivity.“You’vegottopractice,”Mr.Schaiesays,“Ifyoudon’tsolveproblems,younolongercansolveproblems.”Retirementcanbeparticularlyhard,headds,becauseformanypeople,workistheirmostchallengingactivity.“Retirementisgoodforpeoplewho,vehadroutinejobs—theymayfindsomethingmorestimulating.Butit’sdisadvantageousforpeopleinhigh-leveljobs,whoarelesslikelytofindsomethingasstimulatingasthejobtheyhad.”K.AndersEricsson,apsychologyprofessoratFloridaStateUniversity,confirmsMr.Schaie’semphasisonthevirtueofpractice.Initiallyinterestedinexpertperformerslikemusicians,hefoundthatmanyostensiblegeniusesaren’treallysodifferentfromeveryoneelse—theyjustpracticeharderandlonger,benefitingfromsheerlabor,ratherthanfromsomespecialgift.Professionalmusicianswhocontinuetopracticeassiduouslyastheyagecontinuetoplaywell,whileamateurswhojustplayforpleasureshowage-relateddeclines.Mr.Ericsson’sstudiesfailedtoshowsignificantgeneralizedbenefitsfrommentalexercise.“Ifyouplaytennis,youimproveyourgeneralfitness,butthegreatestimprovementisspecifictotennis,nottoothersports.It’sthesamewithcognitiveexercise.Youhavetolookatyourlifeandpickwhatyouwanttoimprove.”1.Accordingtothetext,mostgreatthinkersandartists（

）2.Thethirdpassagetellsusthathigherlevelsofeducation（

）.3.Inthistexttheauthor’smainintentisto（

）.4.Retirementcanbegoodforpeoplewho（

）.5.Thelastparagraphtellsusthatmentalexercise（

）.问题1选项A.wereproductiveevenintheirlateryearsB.weremostsuccessfulbeforetheageof30C.madecontributionsregardlessofageD.contributedthemostbeforeoldage问题2选项A.canhelppreventAlzheimer’sB.arerelatedtogreatermentalawarenessinyouthC.arerelatedtolowerlevelsofmentaldeclineinoldageD.areonlyofmanyfactorsthatcanslowtherateofmentaldecline问题3选项A.underscorethedifficultiesrelatedtoagingB.critiquedifferenttheoriesofmentaldeclineinoldageC.arguethatoldageneednotbeabarriertogreataccomplishmentsD.understandhowpeoplecancountertheimpactsofagingonmentalfaculties问题4选项A.havealwayshadverybusyworklivesB.canfindmorestimulatingactivitiesthantheyhadthroughworkC.havehadhigh-leveljobsorverystimulatingworkexperiencesD.havepreviouslyhadunsatisfyingworkexperiences问题5选项A.offersbenefitsspecifictothatkindofexerciseB.shouldbepairedwithphysicalexerciseformaximumbenefitC.iscomparabletophysicalactivitiesintermsofitsimportancetooverallhealthD.cancounterage-relatedmentaldecline20.单选题It’sapitythatweshouldstayathomewhenwehave（

）weather.问题1选项A.sofineB.suchfineC.suchafineD.sofinea第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.文章第一段第三句Thetypeofthingthatcomestomindisnotwhatisnormallycalledeconomics,whichisinexactratherthannonsensical,andonlyinthesamewayasallsciencesareatthepointwheretheytrytopredictpeople’sbehavioranditsconsequences从这句可知经济学在试图预测人们的行为模式及其后果方面与其他科学存在共同点，但是在其他方面则不一样。选项D“与其他科学不同，比如医学”。2.文章第二段thisprovessomethingimportantaboutmoneyexcepttheundeniablefactthatitwouldnotbemuchusetoanyoneinasituationwhereveryfewofusareatalllikelytofindourselves提到这似乎证明了金钱的一个要义，但却无法说明一个不容否认的事实，那就是极少有人会陷身于这种金钱无用的境地。选项D符合题意，“金钱在特定的条件下是没有用的”。3.文章第三段第一句Moneyandthepricemechanism,i.e.,thechangesinpricesexpressedinmoneytermsofdifferentgoodsandservices,arethemeansbywhichallmodernsocietiesregulatedemandandsupplyforthesethings提到金钱和价格机制，即用金钱形式的价格变化来表现不同商品和服务，是所有现代社会用以调节这些东西供需的方式，选项B“通过金钱和价格机制”符合题意。4.文章第三段第二句Especiallyimportantaretherelativechangesinpriceofdifferentgoodsandservicescomparedwitheachother提到不同商品或服务价格上的相应变化尤其重要；第三段最后一句话Unpackingtheseimplicationsiswhateconomicsisabout,buttheirimplicationsforbankersarequitedifferent提到揭开这些含意就是经济学要做的，但是这些含意对银行家来说又很不一样。由这两处可以得知经济学主要是了解相对价格变化的含意。选项B符合题意。5.文章最后一段Itisalsoacharacteristicofhighlydevelopedeconomiesthatthenumberofworkersemployedinserviceindustriestendstoriseandthatofworkersemployedinmanufacturingtofall提到高度发达国家的一个特点就是服务行业的就业人数在增长，而制造业的工人数量在减少。选项A符合题意。2.【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。justify“证明······是正当的；替······辩护”；verify“核实；查证”；warrant“保证；担保”；perceive“察觉，感觉”。句意：雇主必须核实针对该岗位的申请都有适合的资质。选项B符合题意。3.【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。consistin“在于”；relyon“依赖”；composeof“由······构成”；comprisein“包括在”。句意：她经常说她最大的幸福在于为残疾儿童服务。选项A符合题意。4.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。clumsy“笨拙的”；aggressive“侵略性的，好斗的”；brisk“敏锐的，活泼的”；flexible“灵活的，柔韧的，易弯曲的”。句意：如果曲棍球选手太过于具有攻击性，将会被处罚。选项B符合题意。5.【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。Irritate“激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart“聪明的”，形容词；ache“疼痛”，名词；bruise“擦伤”，名词或者动词。句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。选项D符合题意。6.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章最后一段WorkinChinaandVietnamshowsthatglobalizationhasbroughtnewopportunitiestoyoungwomenwithfamiliaritywithEnglishinnewservicesectorjobs提到中国和越南的工作表明全球化为那些英语熟练的年轻女性提供了就业机会，选项C符合题意。2.文章第一段RedaBebars说道“要想实现1995年在北京召开的第四次世界妇女大会的目标，必须加强全国范围的社会发展并且还必须创造一个有利于发展的社会环境。”（socialdevelopmentonthenationalscalemustbestrengthenedandaclimateconducivetodevelopmentmustbecreatedifthegoalssetinBeijing(atthe1995FourthWorldConferenceonWomen)aretoberealized），选项B与之描述一致，符合题意。3.文章第三段Thegainsofglobalizationhavenotbeenequitablydistributedandthegapbetweenrichandpoorcountriesiswidening”以及第四段的内容“Thegainsofglobalizationthusfarhaveforthemostpartbeenconcentratedinthehandsofbetter-offwomenwithhigherlevelsofeducationandwithgreaterownershipofresourcesandaccesstocapital.”可知选项D“全球化的收益掌握在了社会上那些更加富裕的人的手里”符合题意。4.文章提到全球化为会英语的年轻女性提供了更多的就业机会，但是与之不同的是，35岁以上的女性却失去了工作机会，选项A“全球化使得许多35岁以上的妇女失去了工作”。选项A符合题意。5.文章第二段最后一句话WomenremainverymuchintheminorityamongInternetusersandstillfacehugeimbalancesintheownership,controlandregulationofnewinformationtechnologies提到女性在互联网用户中只是少数并且依然在新信息技术的掌握、控制和管理方面面临着绝大的不公正。选项C的描述与之相近，符合题意。7.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。havenoaccessto“无法获得某事”。句意：据报道该地区超过三分之一的人无法获得卫生服务。选项B符合题意。8.【答案】C【解析】考查不定代词的用法。句意：你们中的任何一个人都有可能在森林前面的建筑那迷路。anyone和anybody不能与of连用，anyone可以和of连用，所以选项C符合题意。9.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat提到他们都没有预见在一起的人越多，战争的可能性就越大。任何一个大家庭的男孩或者女孩都知道。选项C符合题意，“很多人在一起可能打架”。2.文章第一段第一句thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace提到那些欢迎铁路的人认为铁路不仅仅是一种快速且舒适的通行方式，实际上他们还认为它（铁路）是构成世界和平的因素，由此可推断选项D“铁路引领世界走向战争”是错误的。3.文章第二段inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy提到对于那些有高血压的人来说，火车的快速的移动可能会导致中风，由此可知选项D符合题意。4.文章第三段第一句theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable提到火车没有一点舒适感，然后作者又强调了铁路的不利因素，比如车里面的空气差，座位分一二三等，环境舒适度不一样等。由此可知，作者是反对铁路的群体。选项A符合题意。5.文章最后一段最后两句话提到在开放的三等列车中，他们拥有一种特殊的资源，即可以在任何一个季度遇到雨水。作者将其描述为水平方向的淋雨，可知说辞是比较幽默的。选项C符合题意。10.【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。prescribe“规定；开药；开处方”；order“命令；整理；定购”；deliver“交付；递送”；advise“建议”。句意：如今医生经常遭受尖锐的批评，因为人们认为他们总是针对小病开很多药。选项A符合题意。11.【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。prophecy“预言”；transaction“交易”；argument“论证，争吵”；hindrance“障碍，妨碍”。句意：这些领域经济改革中最大的障碍便是没有进入国际市场。选项D符合题意。12.【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。delete“删除”；extract“提取；榨取”；deprive“使丧失，剥夺”；convince“说服；使确信，使信服”。句意：该工厂已经丧失其进行现代化所需的资金。选项C符合题意。13.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。insulation“绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation“保存，保留”；snap“猛咬，劈啪声”；grip“紧握，柄，支配”。句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。选项B符合题意。14.【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。空格处所在句子后半句句意：这个伤员清醒并且在认真听着。可知空格处应该是表示假装睡着，选项A符合题意。15.【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。asisknowto…是一个固定搭配，意思是“众所周知”。选项C符合题意。16.【答案】国际贸易以及海外投资的增长促使了对具有语言知识和跨文化交流技巧的人才的需求的出现。交流包括说服和妥协，但是为了使交流者参与其中任何一项，谈判代表必须要了解在谈判的文化中怎么说服他人以及怎么妥协。在国外的谈判者看来，美国人代表的一个资产几百万的公司可以支付任何费用，不用讨价还价。尤其能够导致跨文化误会的两个特点是美国谈判者的直接了断和没耐心。为了巩固彼此之间的关系，他们通常会采用间接交流的方法，而不去计较用于了解对方谈判者的时间。17.【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。defect“缺点，缺陷”；fault“错误，缺点，毛病”；disadvantage“缺点，不利条件，损失”；mistake“错误，误会，过失”。句意：我感觉跟她谈话不占优势，因为她太聪明了。选项C符合题意。18.【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析和形容词词义辨析。respect“尊敬，尊重”；crucial“重要的,决定性的”；dismissal“解雇，免职”；simplistic“过分简单化的，过分单纯化的”；skepticism“怀疑论，怀疑的态度”；unfathomable“深不可测的，无底的”；opposition“反对，反对派”；indisputable“不容置疑的，不可争辩的”。句意：令科学家困惑的是，尽管他的理论被一致认为是不容置疑的，但是还是遭到了反对。选项D符合题意。19.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.文章第一段第二句提到很少的思想家和艺术家在他们晚年依然保持创造力，比如伽利略，莫内，肖恩等，但是远远不及他们的壮年时期。选项D符合题意。2.文章第三段第一句话Incontrovertibleevidencefrommanystudiesshowsthatahigherlevelofeducationandgreatermentalactivitythroughoutlifecorrelatewithlowercognitivelossesinoldage。选项C的表述与之相近，所以符合题意。3.文章在第一段提出年老会使人智力下降，接着列举了几位研究人员关于这个问题的研究，主要关于老年脑力和认知能力衰退的情况，还有受教育程度和工作种类对智力衰退的影响。A、C两个选项很容易排除；文章并没有将重点放在如何解决年老带来的问题，所以D选项也排除。选项B符合题意。4.文章第四段Retirementisgoodforpeoplewho’vehadroutinejobs—theymayfindsomethingmorestimulating.选项B的描述与之相近，所以符合题意。5.文章最后一段第一句话提到研究并不能表明脑力锻炼能够产生全面的好处。之后举打网球的例子进一步说明脑力锻炼只能获得与此锻炼相关联的好处，选项A与此信息一致。选项A符合题意。20.【答案】B【解析】考查so与such的用法。weather是不可数名词，such+adj.+不可数名词，所以选项B符合题意。Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Manyyearsago,alotoffactorieswere（

）frombigcitiestothemountainousareasincaseofwar.问题1选项A.transferredB.transformedC.transmittedD.transported2.单选题Researchcanhavenoeconomicimpactifthenewscientificdiscoveriesarenot（

）intomarketablegoodandservice.问题1选项A.launchedB.translatedC.dissectedD.conveyed3.单选题Theownerofacarisnolongerforcedtorelyonpublictransportationandistherefore,not（

）

toworklocally.问题1选项A.compelledB.obligedC.restrictedD.repelled4.单选题Thegreatuseofschooleducationisnotsomuchtoteachyouthings（

）toteachyoutheartoflearning.问题1选项A.thanB.ratherthanC.norD.as5.单选题JimandMiketriedtomovethelargerockbuttheycouldnot（

）it.问题1选项A.arouseB.provokeC.budgeD.dodge6.单选题

Asystemofstrictdisciplinehasa(n)（

）effectonconduct.问题1选项A.automaticB.deliberateC.customaryD.beneficial7.单选题OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythat