2020年7月大学英语四级考试真题及答案解析

PartI

Writing

(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youarealloꢀd30minutestowriteanessayontheuseoftranslationaꢁ.You

canstartyouressaywiththesentence"euseoftranslationappsisbecomingincreasinglypopular."You

shouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

Partꢀ

ListeningComprehension

(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,ꢂuwillhearthreenewsꢃꢄrts.Attheendofeachneꢅreport,youwillhear

twoorthreequestions.ꢆththeneꢅreportandthequestionswillbeꢇkenonlyonce.ꢈeryouheara

question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromtheꢉurchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmark

thecorreꢊndingletteronAnsꢀrꢁeet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Watchtheweatherforecast.

B)Evacuatetheareawiththeorangealert.

2.A)Paymoreattentiontotheroads.

B)Stayatasaferplace.

C)AvoidtravelonWednesday.

D)Prepareenoughfoodanddrink.

C)Bringmoremobilephones.

D)Takeatrainhome.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)ThereisonlyoneecosysteminEurope.

B)Romania'swetlandsthriveagain.

C)ThewildlifeinRomaniaisn'twellprotected.

D)Thereare200speciesofbirdsinRomania'swetlands.

4.A)Blockthewaterways.

B)Restorethefishingban.

C)Usemonitoringequipment.

D)Prohibitfishinginthenext10years.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsrꢀortyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Hehadacaraccident.

C)Hehadaheartattack.

B)Heattendedhisgraduationceremony.

6.A)Whathappenedtohim.

D)Hegaveaperformanceintheauditorium.

C)Whenthegraduationceremonywas.

D)Wherehewas.

B)Whatdateitwas.

7.A)Hewasreallytouchedbyhisclassmates.

B)Hedidn'tknowwhathappenedatall.

C)Hecouldn'trememberwhattosay.

D)Hisparentsworecapsandgowns.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconveꢋtions.Attheendofeachconversation,youwill

hearfourquestions.ꢆththeconveꢌtionandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouheara

question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfꢃomtheꢉurchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmark

thecorrespondingletteronAnsꢀrꢁeet1withasinglelinethꢍꢎghthecentre.

*�ꢀꢁ:ꢂꢃꢄꢅꢆꢇ�ꢈꢉ,"ꢊꢋꢌꢍꢎꢏꢐ,ꢑꢒIꢓꢔꢎꢕꢖꢗꢘ2020ꢙ7ꢚꢛꢜ-ꢝ

o

ꢞꢟꢄꢅꢜꢠꢡꢢꢣ,

,:,ꢤꢥꢄꢅꢦꢜꢧꢨꢁꢩꢪ;ꢫJꢬꢭꢮꢜꢯ#,ꢥꢰꢒꢱꢲꢳꢴꢵꢶ�ꢲꢷꢸꢛꢜꢹꢺ¼ꢻAo

ꢀ�2020ꢁ7ꢂ

1

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Herchildren'sdisruption.

B)Quietatmosphere.

C)Asenseofisolation.

D)Longerworkinghours.

9.A)Itdoesn'toffercoffee.

B)It'stooquiet.

C)Itdoesn'thavefreeWi-Fi.

D)Itlacksthematerialheneeds.

C)Thecoffeetable.

10.A)Thesenseofbeingoutintheworld.

B)Thecoffeeitprovides.

D)Thecomfortableworkingcondition.

11.A)Peopledon'torderanything.

B)Peoplebringtheirlaptopsandpaperwork.

C)Peopleoccupyvaluabletablespaceinquiettimes.

D)Peopleoftwooccupyatableforsix.

Questions12to15areꢀasꢁontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Sheisnotsatisfiedwiththesalary.

B)Sheisnotcapableofthejob.

C)Sheoftenworksovertime.

D)She'sreceivedajobofferfromanothercompany.

13.A)Theymaybeconsideredaslessloyal.

B)Theywon'tgetthepromotionopportunities.

C)Theyshouldtakemoreresponsibilityatwork.

D)Theywillbegivenhiringpriority.

14.A)Shemighthꢀetodoextraꢁrkeveryday.

B)Shemightnotgetapayrise.

15.A)Experience.

C)Shemightnotgetenoughvacation.

D)Shemightnotgainmoreexperience.

C)Fortune.

B)Confidence.

D)Opportunity.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,ꢀuwillhearthreepassaꢁs.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeor

fourquestions.ꢂththeꢃssaꢁandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,you

mustchoosethebestansꢄrfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).enmarkthe

correꢅndingletteronAnsꢀrꢁeet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18areꢀasꢁonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)It'sahorriblefeeling.

B)Itcanbeablessing.

C)It'sboringanddangerous.

D)It'sthemostcomfortablestate.

17.A)Tobeactive.

B)Tomeetupwithyourfriends.

C)Totravelabroad.

D)Toseekadvicefromothers.

18.A)Itprovidesachanceforpeopletothinkdeeply.

B)Itmakesustreasurethetime.

C)Itenablesonetoidentifytruefriends.

D)Ithelpsustakecareofproblemsmoreefficiently.

Questions19to21areꢀasꢁonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Heisaharshperson.

B)Heismeantoothers.

C)Heisverydemandinginhiswork.

D)Heusuallyworksverylate.

ꢀ�2020ꢁ7ꢂ

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20.A)Hemovedoutanddivorced.

B)Itwasplaguedbydrugsandgangviolence.

C)Helivedtherefor20years.

D)Hisparentswouldmoveintohisnewhouse.

21.A)Hewasonlyresponsibleforunloadingfood.C)Itwasahardandtediousjob.

B)Hehadtosignhisnameoneverylabel.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)ByrecordingthetimepeoplespendonTV.

B)Bytrackingpeople'slivinghabits.

D)HewasrequiredtoworkatFridaynight.

C)Byusingmemoryandfluencytests.

D)Byscanningpeople'sbrains.

23.A)Watchingtelevisionforhours.

B)Playingvideogames.

C)Readingbooksandmagazines.

D)SurfingtheInternet.

24.A)TelevisionviewingmaybeapotentialfactorforAlzheimer'sdisease.

B)Alzheimer'spatientstendtowatchtelevisionmorethan3hoursaday.

C)Someresearchhasconfirmedthelinkbetweenthem.

D)TelevisionwatchingisbeneficialtoAlzheimer'spatients.

25.A)Watchtelevisionnomorethan3hourseachday.

B)Balancetelevisionviewingwithothercontrastingactivities.

C)WatchsomeeducationalTVprograms.

D)Takemorephysicalexercise.

Partꢀ

ReadingComprehension

(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissectioꢄ,thereisapaꢀꢁwithteꢄblaꢄks.Youarerequiredtoselectoꢄewordforeach

blaꢄkꢂomalistofchoicesgiveꢄiꢄawordbaꢄkꢃllowiꢄgtheꢅꢀꢁ.Readtheꢅssaꢁthroughcarefully

bꢆremakiꢄgꢇurchoices.ꢈchchoiceiꢄthebaꢄkisideꢄtꢉedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorreꢊꢄdiꢄg

letterforeachitemoꢄAnswerSheet2withasiꢄgleliꢄethroughtheceꢄtre.ꢋumayꢄotuseaꢄyofthe

wordsiꢄthebaꢄkmorethaꢄoꢄce.

"Scienceandeverydaylifecannotandshouldnotbeseparated."Thosewerethewordsutteredby

pioneeringBritishscientistRosalindFranklin,whofirmlybelievedthatthepursuitofscienceshouldbe

26

toall.

Asawomanworkinginthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,Franklin'scontributionstosomeofthe

greatestscientificdiscoveriesofourtimeincludingthestructureofDNA-weresadly

27

inher

----

lifetime.

Morethan60yearsafterFranklin'sdeath,weare

womenplayanimportantpartineveryecheloꢄ(ꢀꢁ)ofoursociety-notleastinscience,innovation,

28

livinginadifferentworld,where

----

highereducationandresearch.UKuniversitiesareworldleaderswhenitcomestoadvancingand

29

genderequality.

Inthepastdecade,wehaveseena

30

increaseinEnglandinthenumberofwomenaccepted

----

ontofull-timeundergraduatedegreesinscience,technology,engineeringandmaths(Stemsubjects).And

inthelastacademicyear,women

universities.

31

formorethanhalfofallStempostgraduatesatUK

ꢂ�2020ꢃ7ꢄ

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Datashowsusthe

ꢀthoughwomenmakeupthemajorityofundergraduatesinouruniversities,justunderhalfofacademic

staffarefemale.At33levels,onlyaquarterofprofessorsarewomen,andblackwomenmakeup

32

tosuccessgetsharderforwomentoclimbthefurtheruptheygo.

lessthan2%ofallfemaleacademicstaff.

Therearealsostarkdifferencesinpayacrossgrades.Thegenderpaygapbasedonmediansalaries

acrossthesectorin2016-2017was13.7%,

34

thereisstillsomewaytogotoensurewomenare

35

risingthroughtherankstohighergradepositionsandbeingpaid

A)accessible

F)effective

G)ladder

K)promoting

L)senior

B)accounted

C)adaptation

D)appropriately

E)considerable

H)misread

M)submission

N)suggesting

0)thankfully

I)nomination

J)overlooked

SectionB

Directions:Inthissectioꢅ,ꢀuaregoiꢅgtoreadapassagewithteꢅstatemeꢅtsattachedtoit.ꢁch

statemeꢅtcoꢅtaiꢅsiꢅformatioꢅgiveꢅiꢅoꢅeoftheꢂragꢃphs.Ideꢅtifythepaꢃgꢃphfromwhichthe

iꢄrmatioꢅisderived.ꢆumaychooseaparagꢃphmorethaꢅoꢅce.ꢇchparagꢃphismarkedwitha

letter.AnswerthequestioꢅsbymarkiꢅgthecorreꢈꢅdiꢅgletteroꢅAnswerSheet2.

HowtoEatWell

A)WhydosomanyAmericanseattonsofprocessedfood,thestuffthatiscorrectlycalledjuꢅkOꢁꢂꢃꢄ

andshouldreallycarrywarninglabels?

BꢄIt'snotbecausefreshingredientsarehardtocomeby.Supermarketsoffermorevarietythanever,and

thereareoverfourtimesasmanyfarmers'marketsintheUSastherewere20yearsago.Norisitforlack

ofavailableinformation.Thereareplentyofrecipes(ꢅꢆꢄ,how-tovideosandcookingclassesavailableto

anyonewhohasacomputer,smartphoneortelevision.Ifanything,theinformationisoverwhelming.

CꢄAndyetwearen'tcooking.IfyoueatthreemealsadayandbehavelikemostAmericans,youprobablyget

atleastathirdofyourdailycalories(ꢇ�£ꢄoutsidethehome.Nearlytwo-thirdsofusgrabfastfoodonce

aweek,andwegetalmost25%ofourdailycaloriesfromsnacks.Sowe'reeatingoutortakingin,andwe

don'tsitdown-orwedo,butwehurry.

DꢄShouldn'tpreparing-andconsuming-foodbeasourceofcomfort,pride,health,well-being,relaxation,

sociability?Somethingthatconnectsustootherhumans?WhywouldwewanttooutsourceUr�ꢄthisbasic

task,especiallywhenoutsourcingitissoharmful?

EꢄWhenItalkaboutcooking,I'mnottalkingaboutcreatingelaboratedinnerpartiesorthree-dayscience

projects.I'mtalkingaboutsimple,easy,everydaymeals.Mymissionistoencouragegreenhandsandthose

lackingtimeormoneytofeedthemselves.Thatmeansweneedmodest,realisticexpectations,andweneed

toteachpeopletocookfoodthat'sgoodenoughtosharewithfamilyandfriends.

FꢄPerhapsareturntorealcookingneedn'tbefaroff.ArecentHarrispollrevealedthat79%ofAmericans

saytheyenjoycookingand30%"loveit";14%admittonotenjoyingkitchenworkandjust7%won'tgo

nearthestoveatall.Butthisdoesn'tnecessarilytranslatetorealcooking,andtheresultofthissurvey

shouldn'tsurpriseanyone:52%ofthose65oroldercookathomefiveormoretimesperweek;onlyathird

ofyoungpeopledo.

GꢄBackinthe1950smostofusgrewupinhouseholdswhereMomcookedvirtuallyeverynight.Theintention

toputahome-cookedmealonthetablewasprettymuchuniversal.Mostpeoplecouldn'taffordtodo

otherwise.

ꢈꢉ2020ꢊ7ꢋ

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H)Althoughfrozendinnerswereinventedinthe'40s,theirpopularitydidn'tboomuntiltelevisionsbecame

popularadecadeorsolater.Sincethen,packaged,pre-preparedmealshavebeenwhat'sfordinner.The

microwaveandfast-foodchainswerethebiggestcatalysts(111tꢀ�),butthebigfoodcompanies-which

wanttosellanythingexcepttherawingredientsthatgointocooking-madethehomecookanendangered

species.

I)Still,Ifinditstrangethatonlyathirdofyoungpeoplereportpreparingmealsathomeregularly.Isn'tthis

thesamecrowdthatrailsagainstprocessedjunkandchampionscraftcooking?Andisn'tthisthegeneration

whosaythey'reconcernedabouttheirhealthandthewell-beingoftheplanet?Ifthesearetrulythevalues

ofmanyyoungpeople,thentheirbehaviordoesn'tmatchtheirbeliefs.

J)Therehavebeenhalf-heartedbutwell-publicizedeffortsbysomefoodcompaniestoreducecaloriesintheir

processedfoods,buttheStandardAmericanDietisstillthepolaroppositeofthehealthy,mostlyplant­

baseddietthatjustabouteveryexpertsaysweshouldbeeating.Consideringthatthegovernment's

standardsarenotnearlyambitiousenough,thepictureisclear:bynotcookingathome,we'renoteating

therightthings,andtheconsequencesarehardtooverstate.

K)Tohelpquantify(i1t)thecostsofapoordiet,Irecentlytriedtoestimatethisimpactintermsofamost

famousfood,thebuꢀrUꢁꢂꢃ).Iconcludedthattheprofitfromburgersismorethanoffsetꢄꢅꢆ)by

thedamagetheycauseinhealthproblemsandenvironmentalharm.

L)Cookingrealfoodisthebestdefense-nottomentionthatanymealyou'relikelytoeatathomecontains

about200fewercaloriesthanoneyouwouldeatinarestaurant.

M)TothoseAmericansforwhommoneyisaconcern,myadviceissimple:Buywhatyoucanafford,andcook

ityourself.Thecommonprescriptionistoprimarilyshopthegrocerystore,sincethat'swherefresh

produce,meatandseafood,anddairyare.Andtosavemoneyandstilleatwellyoudon'tneedlocal,

organicingredients;allyouneedisrealfood.I'mnotsayinglocalfoodisn'tbetter;itis.Butthereisplenty

ofdecentfoodinthegrocerystores.

N)Theothersectionsyoushouldgettoknowarethefrozenfoodsandthecannedgoods.Frozenproduceisstill

produce;cannedtomatoesarestilltomatoes.Justmakesureyou'regettingrealfoodwithouttonsofadded

saltorsugar.Askyourself,wouldGrandmaconsiderthisfood?Doesitlooklikesomethingthatmightoccur

innature?It'sprettymuchcommonsense:youwanttobuyfood,notunidentifiablefoodlikeobjects.

0)Youdon'thavetohitthegrocerystoredaily,nordoyouneedanabundanceofskill.Sincefewerthanhalf

ofAmericanssaytheycookatanintermediatelevelandonly20%describetheircookingskillsasadvanced,

thecrisisisoneofconfidence.Andtheonlyremedyforthatispractice.There'snothingmysteriousabout

cookingtheeveningmeal.Youjusthavetodoalittlethinkingaheadandredefinewhatqualifiesasdinner.

Likeanyskill,cookinggetseasierasyoudoitmore;everytimeyoucook,youadvanceyourlevelofskills.

Somedayyouwon'tevenneedrecipes.Myadviceisthatyounotpayattentiontothenumberofstepsand

ingredients,becausetheycanbedeceiving.

P)Time,Irealize,isthebiggestobstacletocookingformostpeople.Youmustadjustyourprioritiestofind

timetocook.Forinstance,youcanmoveaTVtothekitchenandwatchyourfavoriteshowswhileyou're

standingatthesink.Nooneisaskingyoutogiveupactivitiesyoulike,butifyou'rewatchingfoodshowson

TV,trycookinginstead.

36.Cookingbenefitspeopleinmanywaysandenablesthemtoconnectwithoneanother.

37.AbundantinformationaboutcookingisavailableeitheronlineoronTV.

ꢇꢈ2020ꢉ7ꢊ

5

38.Youngpeopledolesscookingathomethantheelderlythesedays.

39.Cookingskillscanbeimprovedwithpractice.

40.Inthemid-20thcentury,mostfamiliesatedinnerathomeinsteadofeatingout.

41.Eventhoseshortoftimeormoneyshouldbeencouragedtocookforthemselvesandtheirfamily.

42.Eatingfoodnotcookedbyourselvescancauseseriousconsequences.

43.Toeatwellandstillsavemoney,peopleshouldbuyfreshfoodandcookitthemselves.

44.Wegetafairlylargeportionofcaloriesfromfastfoodandsnacks.

45.ThepopularityofTVledtothepopularityoffrozenfood.

SectionC

Directions:ereare2ꢀssagesinthissection.ꢁchꢀssageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

statements.ꢂreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ꢃushoulddecideonthe

bestchoiceandmarkthecorreꢄndingletteronAnsꢀrꢁeet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Passageꢀe

Questions46to50arebasꢁontheꢂllowingpassage.

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whꢀlꢌꢇꢈꢉrꢌlꢄxꢈꢁꢄꢂꢈfꢄꢎ

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46ꢎWhꢄꢃꢀꢂhꢄppꢌꢁꢀꢁgꢃꢈꢃhꢌwꢄllꢌꢃ?

A)Iꢃꢀꢂdꢀꢂꢄppꢌꢄrꢀꢁgꢎ

B)Iꢃꢀꢂbꢌꢀꢁgfꢄꢃꢃꢌꢁꢌdꢎ

C)Iꢃꢀꢂbꢌꢅꢈmꢀꢁgꢅꢈꢂꢃlꢇꢎ

D)Iꢃꢀꢂꢅhꢄꢁgꢀꢁgꢀꢁꢂꢃꢇlꢌꢎ

ꢐꢑ2020ꢒ7ꢓ

6

47.Howarebusinesstransactionsdoneinbigmodernstores?

A)Individually.

C)Intheabstract.

B)Electronically.

D)Viaacashregister.

48.Whatmakestheauthorfeeluncomfortablenowadays?

A)Savingmoneyisbecomingathingofthepast.

B)ThepleasingFriday-nightfeelingisfading.

C)Earningmoneyisgettingmoredifficult.

D)Spendingmoneyissofastandeasy.

49.Whydoestheauthorchoosetowriteaboutwhat'shappeningtothewallet?

A)Itrepresentsachangeinthemodernworld.

B)Ithassomethingtodowitheverybody'slife.

C)Itmarkstheendofatime-honouredtradition.

D)Itistheconcernofcontemporaryeconomists.

50.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageabouttheauthor?

A)Heisresistanttosocialchanges.

B)Heisagainsttechnologicalprogress.

C)Hefeelsreluctanttopartwiththetraditionalwallet.

D)Hefeelsinsecureintheever-changingmodernworld.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedontheꢀllowingpassage.

It'slateintheevening:timetoclosethebookandturnoffthecomputer.You'redonefortheday.

Whatyoumaynotrealize,however,isthatthelearningprocessactuallycontinues-inyourdreams.

Itmightsoundlikesciencefiction,butresearchersareincreasinglyfocusingontherelationship

betweentheknowledgeandskillsourbrainsabsorbduringthedayandthefragmented,oftenbizarre

imaginingstheygenerateatnight.Scientistshavefoundthatdreamingaboutataskwe'velearnedis

associatedwithimprovedperformanceinthatactivity(suggestingthatthere'ssometruthtothepopular

notionthatwe're"getting"aforeignlanguageoncewebegindreaminginit).What'smore,researchers

arecomingtorecognizethatdreamingisanessentialpartofunderstanding,organizingandretainingwhat

welearn.

Whilewesleep,researchindicates,thebrainreplaysthepatternsofactivityitexperiencedduring

wakinghours,allowingustoenterwhatonepsychologistcallsaneuꢀlUt��)virtualreality.Avivid

exampleofsuchreplaycanbeseeninavideoresearchersmaderecentlyaboutsleepdisorders.Theytaught

aseriesofdancemovestoagroupofpatientswithconditionslikesleepwalking,inwhichthesleeper

engagesinthekindphysicalmovementthatdoesnotnormallyoccurduringsleep.Theythenvideotaped

thesubjectsastheyslept.Lyinginbed,eyesclosed,onefemalepatientonthetapeperformsthedance

movesshelearnedearlier.

Thisshowsthatwhileourbodiesareatrest,ourbrainsaredrawingwhat'simportantfromthe

informationandeventswe'verecentlyencountered,thenintegratingthatdataintothevaststoreofwhat

ꢀ�2020ꢁ7ꢂ

7

wealreadyknow.Ina2010study,researchersatHarvardMedicalSchoolreportedthatcollegestudents

whodreamedaboutacomputermaze(ꢀꢁ)tasktheyhadlearnedshoweda10-foldimprovementintheir

abilitytofindtheirwaythroughthemazecomparedwithparticipantswhodidnotdreamaboutthetask.

RobertStickgold,oneoftheHarvardresearchers,suggeststhatstudyingrightbeforebedtimeor

takinganapfollowingastudysessionintheafternoonmightincreasetheoddsofdreamingaboutthe

material.Thinkaboutthatasyourheadhitsthepillowtonight.

51.Whatisscientists'findingaboutdreaming?

A)Itinvolvesdisconnected,weirdimages.

B)Itresemblesfragmentsofsciencefiction.

C)Dreamingaboutalearnedtaskbettersitsperformance.

D)Dreamingaboutthingsbeinglearneddisturbsone'ssleep.

52.Whathappenswhenoneentersadreamstate?

A)Thebodycontinuestoactasifthesleeperwereawake.

B)Theneuralactivityofthebrainwillbecomeintensified.

C)Thebrainbehavesasifitwereplayingavirtualrealityvideogame.

D)Thebrainonceagainexperiencesthelearningactivitiesoftheday.

53.Whatdoesthebraindowhilewearesleeping?

A)Itsystematizesallthedatacollectedduringtheday.

B)Itsubstitutesoldinformationwithnewdata.

C)Itprocessesandabsorbsnewlyacquireddata.

D)Itclassifiesinformationandplacesitindifferentfiles.

54.WhatdoesRobertStickgoldsuggestaboutenhancinglearning?

A)Havingalittlesleepafterstudyingintheday.

B)Stayinguplatebeforegoingtobed.

C)Havingadreamaboutanything.

D)Thinkingabouttheoddsofdreamingaboutthematerial.

55.Whatcanbeinferredaboutdreamingfromthepassage?

A)Wemayenhanceourlearningthroughdreaming.

B)Dreamingimprovesyourlanguageability.

C)Allsleepwalkersperformdancemoveswhentheyaresleeping.

D)Takinganapafterlearningcanhelpyoufindthewaythroughthemaze.

PartN

Translation

(30minutes)

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