牛津上海试用本六年级第一学期Unit1知识点梳理

牛津上海试用本六班级第一学期Unit1学问点梳理★词汇稳固★英文词性中文含义 补充〔词性转换，搭配，同、反义词英文词性中文含义 补充〔词性转换，搭配，同、反义词relativen亲戚，亲属复数：relativesshopv购物n.商店同义词：storedecidev打算固定用法：名词：presentn礼物同义词：granddaughtern孙女；外孙女拓展：grandfather祖父，外祖父grandmother祖母，外祖母elseadv别的；其他的固定搭配：somethingelse〔一些其他的〕grandsonn孙子；外孙badmintonn羽毛球打羽毛球：playbadminton拓展：play+球类运动onlyadv仅仅cyclev骑自行车n循环、周期membern成员；会员classmaten同班同学重要短语和句型goshopping去购物familytree家谱gocycling去骑自行车whatelse别的什么★课文解读★Ⅰ。Wordsrelativen.亲戚，亲属relatives〔复数形式〕relationshipn.亲戚关系e.g.Maryismycloserelative.What’syourrelationshiptoher?She’smycousin.familyn.家，家庭，家人e.g.Thisismyfamily.Theyaremyfamily.常见词组familytree家谱辨析family,home与housefamily着重指家庭、家庭成员。作主语时，假如强调的是家庭成员，谓语动词要用复数；假如强调的是一个家庭，那么谓语动词用单数。如：Andy’sfamilyisahappyone.Lee’sfamilygotoFranceeveryyear.home意思为家，指同家人共同生活居住的地方，特殊强调家里的气氛和环境，不肯定含有建筑的意思，是一个带有感情颜色的词。如hometown故土，homesickness思乡病。house意思为住宅、房子，指居住的房屋、建筑物。如：Thereisabigtreenearmyhouse.granddaughtern.孙女；外孙女e.g.Whoisthegirlinreddress?Sheismygranddaughter.记忆链接grandfather祖父，外祖父grandmother祖母，外祖母grandson孙子，外孙onlyadv.仅仅常见词组onlyafewonlyalittle只有一点点5．shopn.商店v.购物〔shopped,shopping〕e.g.Isthereashopcloseby?Yes,thereisabigshopontheright.Iwanttogoshoppingtomorrow.I’llgowithyou.常见词组bookshop书店shoppingbag购物袋shoppingcenter购物中心shoppingmall大型购物商场goshopping去购物=dosomeshoppinge.g.Ihavetogoshoppingthisafternoon.=Ihavetodosomeshoppingthisafternoon.elseadv.别的，其他的e.g.Whatelsedoyouwant?Nothingelse,thankyou.常见词组someone/anybody/nobodyelsenothing/something/anythingelsewhoelsewhereelsebadmintonn.羽毛球e.g.Tomlikesplayingbadminton.用法提示play+球类运动playtennis打网球playtabletennis打乒乓球playfootball踢足球playvolleyball打排球8．cyclen.自行车v.骑自行车e.g.Theywanttogotherebycycle.Hecyclestoworkeveryday.记忆链接cycle作名词时还有周期、循环的意思。如：Thecycleoftheseasonsisendless.常见词组gocycling类似用法gojogging慢跑gobowling打保龄球gogolfing打高尔夫球ⅡsentencesAlicehasgotalotofpresentsandbirthdaycardsfromherfamilyandrelatives.get…from…从……中得到……e.g.Marygotaletterfromhersisterthismorning.Amygotabeautifulcoatfromheraunt.Makeabirthdaycardforoneofyourfamilymembersorrelatives.oneof+n.复数e.g.Oneofthechildrenismissing.Oneofthenursesishismother语法专题1、特殊疑问句根本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序假如疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词：what,who(whom),whose,which,when,where,how,why等，答复时针对问句中的代词和副词来答复，不用yes或no来答复。“对划线局部提问〞是一种常见的句型转换题型，这类题实际上就是将所给的陈述句变为特殊疑问句。解这类题通常分三步完成：首先选准疑问词；然后改为疑问句语序；最终抄写剩余局部。需特殊留意两点：一留意疑问句的语序1.对句子的主语提问，其语序是:疑问词＋谓语＋其他成分？Sheistheirteacher．Whoistheirteacher？2.对句子主语的定语提问，其语序是：疑问词＋主语＋谓语＋其他成分？Mybookisoverthere．Whosebookisoverthere？3.对表语、宾语或状语提问，其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句？HelivesinBeijing．Wheredoeshelive？4.对表语或宾语的定语提问，其语序是：疑问词＋表语或宾语＋一般疑问句？I'mlookingformywatch．Whosewatchareyoulookingfor？留意疑问词的选择1.问“谁〞用who或whom。如：LiLeiisadoctor．Whoisadoctor？〔对主语提问用who，对宾语提问用who，whom均可〕2.问“谁的〞用whose。如：Thisishisbook．Whosebookisthis？3.问“地点〞用where。如：Theballisunderthebed．Whereistheball？4.问“缘由〞用why。如：Hedidn'tebecausehewasill．Whydidn'thee？5.问“身体状况〞用how。如：I'mfine．Howareyou？6.问“方式〞用how。如：Hediditinthatway．Howdidhedoit？7.问“程度〞用“how＋被修饰语〞。如：Theriverisfivemetreswide．Howwideistheriver？8.问“多少〞用howmuch或howmany。如：Ihavealotofmoney．Howmuchmoneydoyouhave？HehasbeentoShanghaithreetimes．HowmanytimeshashebeentoShanghai？9.问“多久〞用howlong或howsoon。如：Hehasstayedherefortendays．Howlonghashestayehere？Hewillbebackintwohours．Howsoonwillhebeback？〔howlong指动作或状态发生了多久；howsoon指动作或状态还有多久将会发生〕问“动作的发生频率〞用howoften。如：IwatchTVtwiceeveryweek．HowoftendoyouwatchTVeveryweek？11.问“哪个〞用which或what。如：Ilikethisoneamongthesethree．Whichdoyoulikeamongthesethree？IlikeEnglishbest．Whatdoyoulikebest？12.问“什么〞用what。如：Thereisabookonthedesk．What'sonthedesk？13.问“职业〞用what。如：Myfatherisateacher．What'syourfather？14.问“颜色〞用whatcolour。如：Anorangeisorange．Whatcolourisanorange？15.问“星期几〞用whatday。如：TodayisFriday．Whatdayistoday？问“几月几日〞用what．．．date。如：TodayisJuly1st．What'sthedatetoday？17、问“时间〞用when或whattime。如：Igothereinthemorning．Whendoyougothere？Itisfouro'clock．Whattimeisit？〔when既可对点时间提问，也可对年、月、日等时间提问；whattime通常只对点时间提问〕2、频度副词定义：usually/sometimes/always/often等词在英文中被称为“频度副词〞，是用来表示动作频率的，频度副词用在be动词和助动词之后，行为动词之前。ShesometimesvisitshergrandparentsonSunday.Dannyisneverlateforschool.程度上有别。常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：always〔100%〕>usually〔80%〕>often〔60%〕>sometimes〔40%〕>seldom〔20%〕>

never〔0%〕频度副词的位置◆always频率最高，表示动作重复、状态连续，表示“始终、总是〞，其反义词为never。always等与not连用时，表示局部否认。如：TheyalwaysmakefunofMr.Smith.他们总是嘲弄史密斯先生。◆usually意为“通常〞，表示习惯性动作或状态，很少有例外。Doyouusuallygotothepark?◆Often意为“常常，时常〞，表示反复性的动作或状态，中间有间断，不如usually那么频繁。其反义词是seldom。often在句尾时常被very或quite修饰。如：IoftenwatchTVwithmyparentsonSundayevening.◆sometimes意为“有时〞，频率不及often，表示动作间或发生，间断时间较长。其位置比拟敏捷，放在句首、句中、句末都可。如：SometimesIvisitShanghaiMuseum.◆seldom意为“很少〞；never意为“从不〞。这两个副词表示否认意义，动作几乎不会发生。Myfriendseldomplaystabletennis.◆hardly具有否认意义，表示“几乎不、简直不〞，除非特殊状况，否那么不会发生。IhardlyknowthingsaboutSouthAmerica.在反意疑问句中，seldom,hardly,never表示否认含义，遵循“前肯后否〞的原那么。Relative：grandfather,grandmother,grandson,granddaughter,uncle,aunt,cousinFamilytree,familymembers：father,mother,son,daughter,brother,sisterplaygames/football/badminton；goshopping/swimming/cycling；gotoarestaurant/thepark；watchTV/afilm，only，else，classmateAskingforinformation询问信息1〕A：Howmany+名词复数+doyouhave？B：Ionlyhaveone……/Ihave〔number〕……2〕A：What〔else〕doyoudowithyour+名词？B：Ialways/usually/sometimes/neverdosth.withmy+名词Introduction介绍：Thisis……/Theseare……Expressgoodwishes表示祝福：Happybirthday！3.语法要点1〕频度副词always，usually，often，sometimes和never在一般现在时中的用法：放在be动词、助动词后面，放在行为动词前面。Sheisoftenlateforschool.Whendoyouusuallydointhemorning?Heusuallygoestobedinthemorning.2〕人称代词单复数人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词名词性单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves1.主格做主语，放在句首：Ioftengotothesupermarket.〔me〕2.宾格做宾语，放在动词、介词的后面：Isometimesgoshoppingwithhim〔he〕3.形容词性物主代词做定语，放在名词前面：后面必需加名词Ourclassroomisverybigandclean.〔we〕4.名词性物主代词做主语、宾语、表语：后面不能加名词IsthisherTshirt？No，hersisred.〔she〕Thatnewflatisours.(we)3)一般现在时：主语除了是三单主语是第三人称单数Igotoschoolonfoot.Shegoestoschoolonfoot.Idon’tgotoschoolonfoot.Shedoesn’tgotoschoolonfoot.Doyougotoschoolonfoot？Doesshegotoschoolonfoot？Yes，Ido./No，Idon’tYesshedoes./No，shedoesn’t动词变化①以s，x，ch，sh，o结尾+es；②以辅音字母+y结尾，去y+ies；③have…has本单元重点词汇及词组【重点点拨】1.本单元中消失的主要家庭成员的称谓包括：1〕表示和自己有直系血缘关系的：father〔父亲，爸爸〕mother(母亲，妈妈)sister(姐姐，妹妹)brother(哥哥，弟弟)等以上称谓对于我来说都是家人，即myfamilymembers2)表示和自己有或无血缘关系得：grandfather(祖父，外祖父)grandmother(祖母，外祖母)，grandson(孙子，外孙)granddaughter(孙女外孙女)，uncle(叔叔，舅舅)，aunt(姨父，姑父阿姨，姑妈，婶婶)，cousin(堂表兄，堂表弟，堂表姐堂表妹)2.playgames玩嬉戏;playfootball踢足球;playbadminton(打羽毛球)【学问拓展】play后跟球类运动时不加定冠词Let'splaybadmintontogetherafterschool!让我们放学后一起打羽毛球吧IusuallyplayfootballwithmyfatheronSaturday.周六我常和父亲一起踢足球【批注】play后接西洋乐器时，乐器名称前要加定冠词theIcanplaythepiano.我会弹钢琴Listen!Someoneisplayingtheviolin.听有人在拉小提琴3.go后面常跟动词的doing形式，表示去做某件事情【学问拓展】goshopping(去购物);goswimming(去游泳);gocycling(去骑车)gotravelling(去旅游);gofishing(去钓鱼)goskating去溜冰;goskiing去滑雪Mygrandfathersometimesgoesfishingonawarmafternoon.在温和的下午，我爷爷It'safineday.Let'sgocycling!多好的天气呀"让我们一起去骑车吧4.gotoarestaurant去饭馆吃饭;gotothepark去公园留意这几个固定搭配中的名词前要加适当的冠词，比方:gotothecinema去看电影gotothesupermarket去超市等Myfamilyusuallygototherestaurantattheweekend.周末我们家常去饭馆吃饭Mum,canIgotothesupermarketwithyou?妈妈，我能和你一起去超市吗？5.watchTV去看电视;watchafilm(看电影)此处，watch意思为观看，又如"watch看卡通，动画片;watchcarefully(认真观看)Ilikewatchingcartoonsverymuch.我特别喜爱看卡通片6.本单元消失了三个频度副词：always总是，始终;usually常常,常常;sometimes有时Weshouldalwayshelpeachother.我们始终应相互关心Myfatherusuallygoesoutforawalkafterdinner.晚饭后我父亲常常出去漫步?????ShesometimeswatchesTVafterhomework.做完作业后她有时候会看电视【单词精讲】relativen.亲戚，亲属relatives〔复数形式〕relationshipn.亲戚关系e.g.Maryismycloserelative.What’syourrelationshiptoher?She’smycousin.familyn.家，家庭，家人e.g.Thisismyfamily.Theyaremyfamily.常见词组familytree家谱辨析family,home与housefamily着重指家庭、家庭成员。作主语时，假如强调的是家庭成员，谓语动词要用复数；假如强调的是一个家庭，那么谓语动词用单数。如：Andy’sfamilyisahappyone.Lee’sfamilygotoFranceeveryyear.home意思为家，指同家人共同生活居住的地方，特殊强调家里的气氛和环境，不肯定含有建筑的意思，是一个带有感情颜色的词。如hometown故土，homesickness思乡病。house意思为住宅、房子，指居住的房屋、建筑物。如：Thereisabigtreenearmyhouse.granddaughtern.孙女；外孙女e.g.Whoisthegirlinreddress?Sheismygranddaughter.记忆链接grandfather祖父，外祖父〔口语中〕grandmother祖母，外祖母grandma〔口语中〕grandson孙子，外孙【批注】grandpa〔外〕祖父grandma〔外〕祖母用于口语中，防止书面用语中使用。onlyadv.仅仅常见词组onlyafewonlyalittle只有一点点5.member(s)n.成员；会员amemberofmyfamily家庭成员之一6．shopn.商店v.购物〔shopped,shopping〕e.g.Isthereashopcloseby?Yes,thereisabigshopontheright.Iwanttogoshoppingtomorrow.I’llgowithyou.常见词组bookshop书店shoppingbag购物袋shoppingcentre购物中心shoppingmall大型购物商场goshopping去购物=dosomeshoppinge.g.Ihavetogoshoppingthisafternoon.=Ihavetodosomeshoppingthisafternoon.7.elseadv.别的，其他的e.g.Whatelsedoyouwant?Nothingelse,thankyou.常见词组someone/anybody/nobodyelsenothing/something/anythingelsewhoelsewhereelseWhatelse?Whoelse?强调还有什么/谁...?8.cyclen.自行车v.骑自行车e.g.Theywanttogotherebycycle.Hecyclestoworkeveryday.记忆链接cycle作名词时还有周期、循环的意思。如：Thecycleoftheseasonsisendless.常见词组gocycling类似用法gojogging慢跑gobowling打保龄球gogolfing打高尔夫球二、本单元重点句型1.Thisis.../Theseare...来介绍家人。这两个结构都表示近指其