《汽车实用英语》电子教案1

汽车实用英语

高等职业院校国家技能型紧缺人才培训工程规划教材·汽车运用与维修专业

教学参考资料

主编

粟利萍

副主编

黄秋平

参编

杨晋平

苏四清电子工业出版社内

容

提

要本资料是高等职业院校国家技能型紧缺人才培训工程规划教材·汽车运用与维修专业《汽车实用英语》的配套教学参考资料包。

主要内容包括《汽车实用英语》教学指南、课文的重点词汇/句型/语法、练习参考答案以及自测题等四部分内容。主要用于学生自学和教师备课参考。《汽车实用英语》教学指南

一、课程的性质与任务高职高专《汽车实用英语》教学是以教育部《两年制高等职业教育汽车运用与维修技术专业领域技能型紧缺人才培养指导方案》为依据，根据学生就业岗位的要求，培养掌握大学专科英语基础知识和专业知识，具有分析问题和解决实际问题能力的高等技术应用型专门人才。《汽车实用英语》教学的任务是：指导学生较系统地学习汽车专业英语知识，阅读和翻译汽车英语使用说明书和有关技术手册，运用因特网查询有关专业英语资料，达到能与外籍客户用英语进行一般交流的水平。二、教学时间《汽车实用英语》教学时间为半年（一个学期）。每周两学时，有效教学时间不少于34学时。每两学时完成课文和实用文体的教学。三、教学要求与教学内容

1．词汇（1）注意区分常用词语和专业词语。专业词语又可分为“术语”和“行业语”。熟练掌握2，000个左右的专业英语词汇。（2）了解科技英语词汇的来源。熟记部分希腊语和拉丁语的词根。（3）了解科技英语词汇的造词规则。注意比较英国英语和美国英语拼法的差异。2．读、译、写的技能（1）了解英美主要报刊杂志和一般印刷品的格式。（2）能借助专业词典并利用目录、索引、附录、文献等来阅读、翻译汽车各主要系统的构造和工作原理、故障检修、常规保养和新技术应用等文章。特别应注重英文原版文章的阅读。（3）能模拟套写商务信函、电子邮件、传真、业务单证、合同、广告、产品说明书、文章摘要等各种实用文体。

（完）ContentUnitOneTextStructureofAutomobileReadingMaterialIntroductionofAutomobileIndustryWrittenExpressionsLayoutofEnglishLetter

UnitTwoTextFour-stage-engineOperationReadingMaterialCleverCarsCanReadRoadSignsWrittenExpressionsE-mailandFaxUnitThreeTextThePowerMechanismoftheEngineReadingMaterialEngineClassificationsandEnginePerformanceWrittenExpressionsRêsumê

UnitFourTextValvesandValveTrainReadingMaterialEngineAnalyzer科技英语知识[1]科技英语词汇的来源和分析UnitFiveTextEngineFuelSystemReadingMaterialTheCarburetorofaGasolineEngineWrittenExpressionsLetterofCredit

UnitSixTextEngineCoolingSystemReadingMaterialVehicleRefrigerationAirConditioningWrittenExpressionsPolicyUnitSevenTextEngineLubricationSystemReadingMaterialFactorsInfluencingtheStabilityandControlofVehicleWrittenExpressionsBillofExchange

UnitEightTextEngineIgnitionSystemReadingMaterialElectronicIgnitionSystem科技英语知识[2]美国英语和英国英语在词汇上的差异UnitNineTextEngineStartingSystemReadingMaterialAnnualTestingofGoodsVehiclesWrittenExpressionsAdvertisement

UnitTenTextExhaustSystemReadingMaterialEmissionControlWrittenExpressionsAdvertisementofEmploymentUnitElevenTextClutchReadingMaterialAutomotiveChassisWrittenExpressionsDirectionsforUse

UnitTwelveTextTransmissionReadingMaterialTransmissionServiceandMaintenance科技英语知识[3]翻译技巧UnitThirteenTextAutomobileSuspensionSystemReadingMaterialElectronicControlSuspensionSystemWrittenExpressionsSalesContract

UnitFourteenTextAutomobileSteeringSystemReadingMaterialFour-wheelSteeringWrittenExpressionsContractOfEmploymentUnitFifteenTextAutomobileBrakingSystemReadingMaterialAnti-lockBrakeSystemWrittenExpressionsInvitationtoBid/Tender

UnitSixteenTextInstrumentClusterReadingMaterialSRSAirbag科技英语知识[4]翻译的标准Appendix

IGlossary词汇总表IIAnswer练习答案ⅢTranslation参考译文UnitOne

TextStructureofAutomobile一．FocalWordsandExpressionsenginechassisbodyelectricalsystemfuellubricatingcoolingignitioncylinderstartingsystemtransmissionsystemsuspensionsystemsteeringsystembrakesystemclutchgearboxdriveshaftfinaldrivedifferentialleafspringcoilspringtorsionbarsteeringwheelsteeringshaftwormgearsectorpitmanarmdraglinksteeringknucklearmkingpinsteeringarmtierodfrontaxlesteeringknucklekineticenergybrakedrumbrakeshoebrakeliningwheelbrakemechanismparkingbrakemechanismhoodfenderroofpanelinstrumentpanelbumperluggagecompartmentair-fuelmixturecombustionchamberbatterygeneratorhorn二．FocalFunctionsandPatterns

1.Itiswell-knownthat…eg.1\Itiswell-knownthattheelectricalpropertiesofsemiconductorsdependverymuchontheirpurity.半导体电的性能完全取决于本身的纯度，这是众所周知的。2\Itiswell-knownthattheatomismadeofstillsmallerparticles.

众所周知，原子由更小的微粒组成。

2.providesth.forsb.\providesb.withstheg.1\Weprovideeverythingforourcustomers.

我们供应顾客各样东西。2\Theschoolprovidesallthebooksweneedforus.

学校为我们提供我们需要的书籍。3\Theschoolprovidesuswithallthematerialsweneed.

学校提供我们所需要的一切资料。4\Weareprovidedwitheverythingweneedforwork.

我们被提供了工作所需要的一切。3.fallintoeg.1\Hislecturefallsintothreeparts.

他的演讲分为三部分。2\Thisperiodofhistoryfallsintotwophases.这一段历史分为两个阶段。Keytotheexercises

CheckYourUnderstandingⅡ.Choosethecorrectwordtomatchthesentence1.chassis2.lubricating3.ignition4.combustion5.cylinder6.transmission7.suspension8.friction9.crankshaft10.axle

Ⅲ.Fillinthetablebelow

EnglishChineseelectricalsystem电器系统expandingforce膨胀力autocomponent汽车部件finaldrive后桥，主减速器gearsector扇形齿轮pitmanarm转向摇臂draglink直拉杆tierod转向横拉杆kingpin主销brakeshoe制动蹄片

BuildUpYourVocabularyⅠ.Writedownthewordsthattheimportantabbreviationstandsfor1.auxiliaryaircontrolvalve2.averageannualdailytraffic3.AmericanAutomobileLabelingAct4.advancedautomotivepowersystems5.activeanti-theftsystem6.antiafterburnvalve7.automobilebackwardautomaticrangingsystem8.airbleedcontrolvalveⅡ.Lookatthepictureandlabelitcorrectlyusingthewordsgivenbelow1.Frame2.Wheels3.Radiator4.Engine5.Clutchandgearbox6.propellershaft7.Universaljoint8.Differential,RearAxle9.Fueltank10.Frontaxle11.Steering12.Roadsprings13.Exhaust/silencerWrittenExpressions

英文书信格式Ⅰ.PutChineseintoEnglishIamfascinatedwithmypearlnecklace---itiswonderful.YouhavechosenjustwhatIwant.IlookgracefulwhenIamwearingitandstandingbeforethelookingglass.Thankyousomuch.Ⅱ.PuttheUnderlinedwordsintoChinese敬请贵公司惠寄我们一册‘永久牌’自行车的目录和最新价目单。倘若贵公司的自行车质量另人满意并且价格有竞争性，我们将经常大量定货。早复为盼。UnitTwo

TextFour-stage-engineOperation一．FocalWordsandExpressionselectricmotorsteamengineinternalcombustionenginegasolineenginekeroseneenginedieselenginepistontopdeadcenterbottomdeadcenterintakestrokecompressionstrokepowerstrokeexhauststrokecrankshaftrevolutionconnectingrodvolumeintakevalveexhaustvalvesparkplugcrankpinport

二．FocalFunctionsandPatterns1.eachtime（that）clause---eg.1\Eachtimehecametotownhewouldvisitourschool.他每次进城都要到我们学校来看看。2\EachtimehecametoShanghaihewouldstaywithmeforafewdays.他每次来上海，总要和我呆上几天。

2.Asclause---adverbialofmannereg.1\Justasanacceleratorpedalcontrolsthespeedofacar’sengine,thesteelrodscontroltherateofthefissionreaction.正如汽车的加速杆控制发动机的速度一样，（反应堆中的）钢杆控制核裂变的速率。2\Theheavieraircrowdsthelightergasupwardasapieceofwoodisforcedtothesurfaceofwater.比重较大的空气将比重较小的气体挤向上方，就象木块浮向水面一样。KeytotheexercisesⅡ.Choosethecorrectwordtomatchthesentence1.energy2.gasoline3.impulse4.expand5.stage6.piston7.mixture8.plug9.valve10.sparkⅢ.Fillinthetablebelow

EnglishChinesedieselengines柴油机topdeadcenter上止点bottomdeadcenter下止点compressionstroke压缩冲程exhaustvalve排气门sparkplug火花塞air-fuelmixture可燃混合气intakevalve进气门connectingrod连杆keroseneengines煤油机BuildUpYourVocabularyⅠ.Writedownthewordsthattheimportantabbreviationstandsfor1.alcoholblendergasoline2.alternating-currentgenerator3.aircleanerhousing4.automaticcaridentification5.automotivecrashinjuryresearch6.acousticcontrolinductionsystem7.automaticcheckouttestequipment8.actualservopositionⅡ.Lookatthepictureandlabelitcorrectlyusingthewordsgivenbelow1.Intakestroke2.Nocompression3.Compressionstroke4.Expansionstroke5.Exhauststroke6.Inletvalve7.Exhaustvalve8.Piston9.Connectionrod10.CrankshaftWrittenExpressions

电子邮件和传真Ⅰ.PutChineseintoEnglishA:1.thatIhavemadeanewfriendinJapan.2.inmyleisurehours3.playingtheviolinB:1.acopyofyourcatalogueandpricelist2.copiesofanydescriptiveleaflets3.Anearlyreplywouldbeappreciated.Ⅱ.PutEnglishintoChinese1.

本公司专门从事东南亚贸易，但尚未与贵国发展业务往来。特函探询，能否发展有利于你我双方的合作关系。2.

冒昧自荐，我们是本国最大的机械进口商之一，希望与贵公司建立贸易伙伴关系。3.

从怀特先生处得知，贵公司是你们地区最主要的电子产品进口商之一，随函附上我方产品插图目录及价目表。4.

承蒙日本东京工商业协会告知贵公司名称，并获悉贵公司生产纺织品、布品以及其它一般性商品，同时兼做进出口生意。5.

我们是伦敦的一家进出口公司，主要经营各种机械设备，已有大约40年的商贸历史。6.

公司是中国最大的食品贸易公司，在中国各主要城镇都有分公司及门市部。7.

很高兴回复您对三轮车资料的询函。8.

兹回复贵公司2月15日来函，随函附上本公司最新价目表，以资参考。9.

请惠告商品详情，包括产品尺寸、颜色、价格，并附上不同质地材料的样本。10.

随函附上公司概况、业务范围和其它方面的小册子一本，以资参考。UnitThree

TextThePowerMechanismoftheEngine一．FocalWordsandExpressionscrankshaftandconnectingrodassemblycrankcasecylinderblockpistonflywheelthermalenergymechanicalenergyalloyironpistonheadpistonringpistonlandpistonskirtpistonpinholeflatconcaveconvexturbulenceringgroovecompressionringoil-controlringconnectingrodsmallendconnectingrodbigendconnectingrodshankconnectingrodcapconnectingrodbearinghalfshell

I-crosssectionbushingmainbearingjournalrodjournalcrankarmbearingcounter-balancedweightflywheelend二．FocalFunctionsandPatterns1.adj.+enoughtodosth.eg.1\Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到了上学的年纪。2\Thisbookissmallenoughtogoinmypocket.这本书很小，足以放进我的口袋。

2.prep.+whichclause---attributiveclauseeg.1\Languageisatoolbymeansofwhichpeoplecommunicateideaswitheachother.

语言是人们互相交流思想的工具。2\Atthecenterofanatomisanucleus,aroundwhichelectronsrevolve.

原子的中心是原子核，电子绕原子核旋转。

3.thereforeeg.1\Sinceyoudonotknow,thereforeIshallhavetotellyou.

因为你不知道，所以我不得不告诉你。2\Thewordisanuncountablenounandisusedinageneralsense,thereforeittakesnoarticle.这个词是不可数名词，又是用于一般意义，所以不要加冠词。KeytotheexercisesCheckYourUnderstandingⅡ.Choosethecorrectwordtomatchthesentence1.piston2.block 3.cylinder4.crankshaft5.flywheel6.crankcase7.pin8.turbulenceⅢ.FillinthetablebelowEnglishChinesepowermechanism动力装置thermalenergy热能kineticenergy动能pistonhead活塞顶部mechanicalenergy机械能connectingrod连杆heatdam绝热槽powerstroke做功行程inertiaforces惯性力pistonring活塞环BuildUpYourVocabularyⅠ.Writedownthewordsthattheimportantabbreviationstandsfor

1.

digitalanalogconverter2.

driveaxleratio3.

drawbarhorsepower4.

dualdiaphragmdistributor5.

directfireunit6.

distributorignition7.

double-overhead-camshaft(engine)8.

diagnostictroublecodeⅡ.Lookatthepictureandlabelitcorrectlyusingthewordsgivenbelow1.

intakestroke2.compressionstroke3.powerstroke4.exhauststroke5.combustiblemixture6.intakevalve7.sparkplug8.exhaustvalve9.exhaustgasReadcarefullytheinformationgivenbelowandwritearêsumêforKangNaliwhoisapplyingtostudyabroad.RêsumêⅠ.PersonalData:Ⅱ.Education:1.Name:KangNali9.1999～2001Xi’anJiaotongUniversity2.Address:404Building23MajoringasdynamicsXi’anjiaotongUniversityM.S.degreeChina10.1992～1996Xi’anJiaotongUniversity3.Birthdate:Aug.111970MajorininternalcombustionengineB.S.degree

（tobecontinued）Ⅲ.Experience:4.Bitheplace:Xi’an11.2003～presentAssociateprofessortheDepartmentofPME,XJU1997～2003LecturertheDepartmentofPME,XJU1996～1997TeachingassistanttheDepartmentofPME,XJU

5.Nationality:Chinese12.1986～1992WorkerXi’anRailwayConstructionCompany6.MaritialStatus:MarriedwithachildⅣ.SpecialTraining:7.Sex:male13.1997one-yearcourseincomputers8.

Interests:Football14.19913-monthtrainingclassArtstolearntomakefansClassicalmusicUnitFour

TextValvesandvalveTrain一．FocalWordsandExpressionsintakeportexhaustportcylinderheadintakemanifoldexhaustmanifoldvalvegeartiminggearcamshafttappetvalvespringwithfastenervalveguideeccentricwheeldrivegeargallerycylindricalborepushrodrockerarmrubberringrubbercapwashervalvestemvalveseat二．FocalFunctionsandPatterns1.sothat+clause---adverbialofpurposeeg.1\Stirthesolutionsothatthecompoundmaydissolvemorequickly.搅一下溶液，使化合物溶解快些。2\Theyworkedhardsothattheycouldoverfulfiltheirtask.他们努力工作，以便超额完成任务。

2.bemadeof\bemadefromeg.1\Theresistanceofawirealsodependsuponwhatmaterialitismadeof.导线的电阻也取决于制成的材料。2\Thisdressismadeofnylon,isn’tit?这件衣服的料子是尼龙的，是不是？3\Steelismadefromiron.钢是由铁炼成的。4\Winecanbemadefromgrapes.酒可以由葡萄酿成。3.consistof\becomposedof\bemadeupofeg.1\Asentenceconsistsmainlyofthesubjectandpredicate.一个句子主要由主语和谓语组成。2\Cokeconsistsmainlyofcarbon.焦炭的主要成分是碳3\Wateriscomposedofoxygenandhydrogen.水由氧和氢组成。4\Thearmywascomposedentirelyofmercenarytroops.全军为雇佣兵所组成。5\Themobilemedicalteamismadeupoftendoctors.流动医疗队由十名医生组成。6\Themajorityofthepopulationofourcountryismadeupofworkers、farmersandsoldiers.工农兵占我国人口的大多数。KeytotheexercisesCheckyourUnderstandingⅡ.Choosethecorrectwordtomatchthesentence1.camshaft 2.rocker 3.valve 4.manifold5.bore 6.tappet 7.eccentric8.clearanceⅢ.Fillinthetablebelow

EnglishChinesevalvegear配气机构freshcharge新鲜充气coilspring螺旋弹簧valvestem气门杆valveguide气门导管pushrod推杆rockerarmshaft摇臂轴cylinderhead气缸盖timinggear正时齿轮valveclearance气门间隙BuildUpYourVocabularyⅠ.Writedownthewordsthattheimportantabbreviationstandsfor

1.

electronic(idle)aircontrolvalve2.

electronicsecondaryairinjection3.

electronicairsuspension4.

electroniccontroladvance5.

enginecontrolmodule6.

enginecoolanttemperature7.

electronicdiagnosticmonitor8.

evaporativeemissioncontrolsystemⅡ.Lookatthepictureandlabelitcorrectlyusingthewordsgivenbelow1.

camshaft2.camfollower3.pushrod4.adjuster5.rockershaft6.rockerarm7.valvespring8.valve9.valveport10.combustionchamber科技英语知识[1]Ⅰ.Putthefollowingwordsintoplural1.

appendices/appendixes2.

bacteria3.

curricula/curriculums4.

data5.

foci/focuses6.

formulae/formulas7.

indices/indexes8.

media/mediums9.

nuclei/nucleuses10.

radii/radiuses11.

stimuli12.

analyses13.

bases14.

criteria15.

hypotheses16.

phenomena17.

axes18.

crises19.

theses20.

abaci/abacuses

Ⅱ.WriteoutnounformbyaddingthesuffixtothefollowingwordsexplosionexposureleaderkindnesspreferencewidthperformancedivisionobserverargumentencouragementcarelessnessintensityliberationpossibilityeducationⅢ.WriteoutverbformbyaddingthesuffixtothefollowingwordsmodernizecentralizestrengthenpurifybroadensimplifyweakenprettifyrealizeindustrializenormalizerevolutionizeshortendeepensoftenintensifyⅣ.WriteoutadjectiveformbyaddingthesuffixtothefollowingwordschildishdrinkablehopelessnaturalnorthwardsunnywoodentroublesomeheroicpoisonousgloriouspassionatecustomarycostlyfoolishbeneficialUnitFive

TextEngineFuelSystem一．FocalWordsandExpressionsfueltankfuelsupplylinefuelpumpfuelfiltercarburetorinjectorair-fuelratiofuelfeedpipefuelnozzlebafflehingedfloatdashboardgaugeeccentriclobediaphragmarmaturemagneticcoilpressurereliefvalvepressureregulatorthrottleplate二．FocalFunctionsandPatterns1.insteadofeg.1\Alotofsuitcasesandpursesaremadeofplasticinsteadofleather.

很多手提箱和钱包是塑料制成的，而不是皮制的。2\Youshouldbeoutinsteadofinonsuchafineday.

天气这样好，你应该出去，不要呆在里面。

2.ratherthaneg.1\Heshouldberewardedratherthanpunished.

他应受奖励而不应受惩罚。2\Hewasboltinghisfoodratherthaneatingit.

他是在囫囵吞食物而不是吃。KeytotheexercisesCheckyourUnderstandingⅡ.Choosethecorrectwordtomatchthesentence1.venturi2.armature 3.pump 4.diaphragm5.filter 6.float 7.carburetor8.dischargeⅢ.Fillinthetablebelow

EnglishChinesefuelinjectorpump喷油泵air-fuelratio空燃比throttleplate节气门fuelfilter燃油滤清器fuelpump燃油泵magneticcoil磁性线圈secondaryfilter次级滤清器gasolineengines汽油机dieselengines柴油机intakevalve进气门BuildUpYourVocabularyⅠ.Writedownthewordsthattheimportantabbreviationstandsfor

1.

electronic(idle)aircontrolvalve2.

electronicsecondaryairinjection3.

electronicairsuspension4.

electroniccontroladvance5.

enginecontrolmodule6.

enginecoolanttemperature7.

electronicdiagnosticmonitor8.

evaporativeemissioncontrolsystemⅡ.Lookatthepictureandlabelitcorrectlyusingthewordsgivenbelow1.fueltank 2.overflowvalve 3.fuelfilter 4.feedpipe5.handprimer 6.fuelfeedpump 7.injectionpump 8.returnpipe9.pressurepipe 10.combustionchamber 11.Injector12.exhaustpipe13.exhaustvalve 14.returnpipe 15.aircleaner16.intakepipeWrittenExpressions

信用证CompletethefollowingLetterofCreditwiththeinformationgivenbelow1.SanFrancisco,California2.April12,20043.FarleyClock&WatchInternationalInc,55Street,Rome,66689Italy4.Lotus&RoseLtd,67Street,SanFrancisco,California5.US$30,0006.sightonbankofCalifornia7.full8.FashionClockandWatch9.PurchaseOrderNo.88997CIFSanFancisco10.May7,2004UnitSix

TextEngineCoolingSystem一．FocalWordsandExpressionswater-coolingsystemair-coolingsystemmediumcoolantantifreezewaterjacketthermostatwaterpumpradiatorradiatorcapfandrivebelthosepositivedisplacementtypegearplungersradiatorcoreradiatorbottomtankradiatortoptankfinandtubetyperibboncellularhoneycombtypealternatorcentrifugalfandrivepulleyradiatorfinbaffleplatesaircontrolring二．FocalFunctionsandPatterns1.since+clause---adverbialofcauseeg.1\Sincewaterissocommonallovertheuniverse,itisreasonabletobelievethatitexistsinsomeformonthemoon.既然水是整个宇宙中很普遍的东西，因此，认为月球上也存在某种形式的水是合理的。2\Sinceforcehasmagnitudeanddirection,ithasthepropertiesofavectorquality.力既然有大小和方向，它就具有向量的性质。

2.notonly---butalso---eg.1\Notonlydomoleculesoratomsmoveinthegaseousstate,buttheyalsooscillateinthesolidstate.分子和原子不但在气态中移动，而且在固态中振动。2\Hehasnotonlyknowledgebutalsoexperience.他不但有知识，而且有经验。

3.differfromeg.1\Thisenginediffersfromthatoneinpowerandendurance.这台发动机与那台发动机在功率和耐劳性上都不一样。2\EnglishdiffersgreatlyfromSpanishinpronunciation.英语跟西班牙语在发音上大不相同。KeytotheexercisesCheckyourUnderstandingⅡ.Choosethecorrectwordtomatchthesentence1.deposit 2.fin 3.alternator 4.coolant5.antifreeze6.pulley 7.radiator8.thermostatⅢ.Fillinthetablebelow

EnglishChinesewaterjacket水套waterpump水泵radiatorcap水箱盖baffleplate拆流板radiationfin散热片warmup暖机water-coolingsystem水冷系air-coolingsystem风冷系positivedisplacementtype容积式radiatorcore水箱芯部BuildUpYourVocabularyⅠ.Writedownthewordsthattheimportantabbreviationstandsfor

1.

faultcode2.

flowindicatingcontroller3.

firingorder4.

fuelpump5.

filterssmokenumber6.

feedbackcontrolsolenoid7.

feedbackcarburetor8.

factorofsafetyⅡ.Lookatthepictureandlabelitcorrectlyusingthewordsgivenbelow1.fanblade2.fanhub3.fanbelt4.fanpulley5.shaftbearing6.pumpbody7.watermaininletport8.waterbypassinletneck9.self-adjustingsealunit10.pumpimpeller11.pumpcover12.covergasket13.wateroutletport14.fanandpumpshaftWrittenExpressions

保险单CompletetheCertificateofInsurancewiththeinformationgivenbelow1.hereinaftercalledthe“Insured”2.inconsiderationoftheagreedpremium3.undertakestoinsuretheundermentionedgoodsintransportation4.aspertheclausesprintedoverleaf5.Claims,ifany,payableonsur