(全)人教版丨八年级下册第4单元单词及重点归纳(名校版)

人教版丨八年级下册第4单元单词及重点归纳unit4（单词）allow[əˈlaʊ]v.允许，准许wrong[rɔŋ]adj.错误的What'swrong?哪儿不舒服?midnight['mɪdnaɪt]n.午夜，子夜lookthrough浏览，快速查看guess[ɡes]v.猜测，估计deal[di:l]v.处理，应付bigdeal重要的事workout成功地发展，解决getonwith和睦相处，关系良好relation[rɪˈleɪʃn]n.关系，联系，交往communicate[kəˈmju:nikeit]v.沟通,通信,通讯communication[kəˌmju:nɪˈkeɪʃn]n.交流，沟通argue[ˈɑ:ɡju:]v.争论，争吵cloud[klaʊd]n.云elder['eldə(r)]adj.年级较长的instead[ɪnˈsted]adv.代替whatever[wɒtˈevər]pron.任何,不管什么,无论什么nervous[ˈnə:vəs]adj.紧张不安的offer['a:fər]v.提供，自愿给予proper[ˈprɔpə]adj.合适的，适当的secondly[ˈsekəndli]adv.第二，其次explain[ɪkˈspleɪn]v.讲解，解释，说明clear[klɪə]adj.清晰的，清楚易懂的copy[ˈkɔpi]v.复制return[rɪ'tɜ:n]v.回来，返回，归还anymore['enɪmɔ:]adv.不再，再也不member[ˈmembə]n.成员，会员pressure['preʃə(r)]n.压力compete[kəm'pi:t]v.比赛，竞争opinion[əˈpɪnjən]n.意见，想法，看法skill[skɪl]n.技能，技巧typical[ˈtɪpɪkl]adj.典型的football[ˈfʊtbɔ:l]n.足球cutout删去，删除quick[kwɪk]adj.快的，迅速的continue[kənˈtɪnju:]v.继续，连续compare[kəm'peə]v.比较compare…with比较，对比crazy[ˈkreɪzɪ]adj.疯狂的，狂热的development[diˈveləpmənt]n.发育，成长，发展cause[kɔ:z]n.&v.原因;造成，使发生usual[ˈju:ʒuəl]adj.通常的，平常的inone'sopinion依…看perhaps[pəˈhæps]adv.可能，大概，也许【重点短语】1.havefreetime有空闲时间2.allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事3.hangoutwithsb.与某人闲逛4.after-schoolclasses课外活动课5.getintoafightwithsb.与某人吵架/打架6.untilmidnight直到半夜7.talktosb.与某人交谈8.toomany太多9.studytoomuch学得过多10.getenoughsleep有足够的睡眠11.writesb.aletter给某人写信12.callsb.up打电话给某人13.surprisesb.令某人惊讶14.lookthrough翻看15.beangrywithsb.生某人的气16.abigdeal重要的事17.workout成功地发展;解决18.getonwith与...相处19.fightalot经常吵架/打架20.hangover笼罩21.refusetodosth.拒绝做某事22.offertodosth.主动提出做某事23.sothat以便24.mindsb.doingsth.介意某人做某事25.allthetime一直26.infuture今后27.makesb.angry使某人生气28.worryaboutsth.担心某事29.copyone’shomework抄袭某人的作业30.beoneself做自己31.familymembers32.spendtimealone独自消磨时光33.givesb.pressure给某人施压34.haveafightwithsb.与某人吵架35.competewithsb.与某人竞争36.freetimeactivities业余活动37.getbettergrades取得更好的成绩38.giveone’sopinion提出某人的观点39.learnexamskills学习应试技巧40.practicesports体育训练41.causestress造成压力42.cutout删除【重点句型】1.IstudieduntilmidnightlastnightsoIdidn'tgetenoughsleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。2.Whydon'tyouforgetaboutit?你为什么不忘掉它呢？3.Althoughshe'swrong,it,snotabigdeal.虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。4.Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhe'ssorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。5.Maybeyoucouldgotohishouse.也许你可以去他家。6.IguessIcould,butIdon'twanttosurprisehim.我想我可以，但我不想让他感到惊讶。1.get(1)买getsth.forsb.=getsb.sth.为某人买某物Canyougetsomefruitformewhenyougoshopping?=Canyougetmesomefruitwhenyougoshopping?(2)得到，到达Wheredidyougetthebook?Whendidyougettheletter?Hegothomelatelastnight.（3）使，让，get+宾语+宾补使某人/某物怎么样Pleasegetyoucoatclean.Getyourmouthclosed.getsb.todosth.使某人做某事IgothimtocallJimyesterday.（4）(逐渐)变得…...Theweathergetswarmeranddaysgetlonger.Whydidtheteachergetangry?2.howabout/whatabout后跟名词/代词/动词ing形式。（1）向对方提出建议或请求Howaboutgoingoutforawalk?Howaboutsomethingtoeat?（2）向对方征求意见或看法HowabouttheTVplay?Howaboutbuyingthehousenow?(3)询问天气或身体情况HowabouttheweatherinHainanIsland?Howaboutyourparents?Aretheylivingwithyou?(4)谈话中承接上下文I’mfortyyearsold.Howaboutyou?I’mfromBeijing.Howaboutyou?3.receive收到Thegirlwashappytoreceivemanygiftsonherbirthday.receivealetterfrom=getaletterfrom=heardfrom收到某人的信IreceivedaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.=IgotaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.=IheardfrommyparentslastSunday.accept接受Hecouldn’tacceptoursuggestionsbutourgifts.Shewasverygladtoreceivetheinvitation.Ireceivedaninvitationtotheparty,butIrefusedtoacceptit.4.a6-year-oldchild一个六岁的孩子6-year-old是由“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，作前置定语，修饰后面的名词child。“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词要用单数形式：afive-year-oldgirl一个五岁的女孩atwo-meter-longruler一把两米长的尺子aten-story-highbuilding一栋十层高的楼房atwo-inch-thickdictionary一本两英寸厚的词典5.too...to…太……而不能……too后跟形容词或副词原形,to后跟动词原形,构成不定式，句子的主语与动词不定的主语不一时,可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语forsb。Heistooyoungtojointhearmy(军队).他年纪太小，不能去参军。Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.这道数学题对我来说太难了，做不出。too...to…可以与enoughto和so…that…转换.Sheistooyoungtodothework.=Sheisn’toldenoughtodothework.Tomistootiredtowalkanyfarther.=Tomissotiredthathecan’twalkanyfarther.6.pay,spend,cost,take的区别（1）pay花费(多少钱),主语是人。sb.paysomemoneyforsth.Ipaid5000yuanforthecomputerlastweek.我上个星期花了5000买电脑。（2）spend花费(多少钱或时间)，主语是人。sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.sb.spendsometime(in)doingsth.Ispent5000yuanonthecomputerlastweek.Shespent2hours(in)doingherhomework.她花了2个小时做作业。（3）cost花费(多少钱),主语是物。sth.costsb.somemoney.Thisjacketcosthim200dollars.这件夹克衫花费她200美元。（4）take花费(时间)，主语形式主语为It.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花费某人多少时间做某事Howlongdoesittakesb.todosth?花费某人多少时间做某事?IttookLiuHong2hourstodoherhomework.刘红花了2个小时做作业。7.sleep,sleeping,sleepy,asleep,fallasleep,beasleep（1）sleep动词,睡觉,强调动作。Iamverytired.Iwanttosleep.我很累，想睡觉。（2）sleeping,sleep的现在分词,表示“正在睡觉”。Don’tmakesomuchnoise.Thebabyissleeping.不要这么吵，宝宝在睡觉。（3）sleepy想睡觉的,困倦的。Iamalittlesleepy.I’dliketogotobed.我有点困了，我想去床上睡觉了。（4）asleep睡着了的。TheteacherfoundTomasleepinclassandkepthimbehindafterschool.老师发现汤姆上课睡觉，放学后就把他留了下来。（5）fallasleep强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程,不能接一段时间。Icouldn’tfallasleepuntilitwasverylatelastnight.我昨天晚上到很晚才睡着。（6）beasleep表示睡着后的状态,“睡着了”,可以接一段时间。Hewasasleepforthreehours.他睡了3个小时。8.open(1)动词,打开,开业,开张,展现Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意我把窗户打开吗？(2)形容词,beopen开着的,开放的Onweekendstheswimmingpo