2021-2023年上海市嘉定区3年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：短文选词填空

上海市嘉定区2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编

短文选词填空2023年上海市嘉定区中考一模英语试题Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.EachcanonlybeUSedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填词，每词只能填一次）（8分）Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox«Eachcanonlybeusedonce（选择最恰当的选项堞入空格.每空格限填一词，每词只能堞一次）（共8分）A.accident.B.seriously.C.harm.D.actually.E.cycleForestfireshappeninsummerwhenithasn'trainedforalongtimeandeverythingisverydry.Formanyyears,peoplehavethoughtoffiresasdisastersthat36theforest.Thescienceoffireecology（生态学）studiestheconnectionbetweenfire,plants,andanimalsinforestfires.Scientistssaythatthefireisalsoanimportantpartofthelife37ofaforest.Witheveryfire,theforestisbornagain.Forestfiresoftenstartwhenlightningstrikesatree,butpeoplecanalsocauseforestfires.Sometimestheydon'tknowwhattheydid,andithappensby38.Butothertimesit'sdoneonpurpose.Onceafirestarts,it39bumsawaythedryleavesandbrunches.Thefirealsogetsridofovergrownplants,fallenleaves,andbacteriainthesoilthatcausediseases.Plantsontheforestfloorreceivemorespaceandsunlighttogrow,sotheycangrowandmakeseedsquickly.A.surviveB.nativeC.expectD.wondersE.escapeWhenafirestartsinaforest,everycreature（动物）triesto40.Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrunaway.Smallcreatures（suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects）hideundergroundorunderrocks.Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany41.Theanimalsthatdon'tdieinthefirearethestrongest.Afterafire,someanimalsthatmaynotbe42totheforestcometofeedonthebodiesofdeadanimals.TherearelotsofthingsforanimalstoeatinaburnedforestAnimalssoongobacktotheirhomesintheforestandplantsstartgrowingagain.Now,accordingtofireecologystudies,it'spossibleforpeopletoseeforestfiresasnatural43.Hundredsofspeciesofplantsandanimalslivetogetherinforests.2022年上海市嘉定区中考一模英语试题Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填词，每词只能填一次）（8分）ChoosetheproperwordsintheboxtocompletethefollowingPaSSage.EachcanbeUSedonlyonce（选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（本大题共8题,每题只有一个正确选项）A.escapeB.openingC.amazingD.predictE.activeThegroundrumbles（隆隆作响）.Hotliquid,ash（灰）,androcksshootoutofamountaintop.Theairisfilledwithsmoke.ThesearethesightsandsoundsofaneruptingVOlCano（火山）.Avolcanoisakindofmountain.Themountainhasan32.atthetop.Itallowshotliquidto33.fromtheEarth'sCrUSt（地壳）.Therearedifferenttypesofvolcanoes.Someare34..Theycanerupt（喷发）atanytime.Othersaresleeping.Theyhaven,teruptedinawhile.Volcanologistsarescientistswhostudyvolcanoes.They35.whenaneruptionwillhappen.Volcanologistsusemeasuringinstrumentstocheckonavolcano,srumblings.Theycanwarnpeopleoferuptions.Volcanologistscansavelives.A.createB.dangerousC.naturalD.coolE.exactlyVolcanoescanbe36..Whenoneisreadytoerupt,peoplemustbesenttoSafeplaces.Butthereareadvantagestotheseflaming（燃烧）mountains.They37.newland.TheHawaiianIslandswereformedbyeruptions.Volcanoescanalsobenefittheplanet.Whenavolcanoexplodes,itreleasesdust.Thiscanblocksunlightandhelp38.theplanet.Andavolcano,sashcanbehealthyforplants.Itaddsmineralstosoil.Didyouknowthatpeopleusevolcanicheatasasourceofenergy?Theenergypowersthingsina39.way.2021年上海市嘉定区中考一模英语试题Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填词，每词只能填一次）（8分）A.beggedB.hurriedlyC.orderedD.generousE.amusedALionlayasleepintheforest,hisgreatheadrestingonhispaws（爪）.AtimidlittleMousecameuponhimunexpectedly.Shefeltsofrightenedand16wentaway.Unfortunately,sheranacrosstheLion,snose.Rousedfromhisnap,theLionlaidhishugepawangrilyonthetinycreaturetokillher.“Spare（饶恕）me!”17thepoorMouse.“Pleaseletmegoandsomeday,Iwillsurelyrepay（回报）you.”TheLionwasmuch18tothinkthataMousecouldeverhelphim.Buthewas19andfinallylettheMousego.A.laughedB.voiceC.unableD.managedE.caughtSomedayslater,whilechasinghispreyintheforest,theLionwas20inahunter,snetand21 tofreehimself.Hefilledtheforestwithhisangryroaring.TheMouseknewthe22andquicklyfoundtheLionstrugglinginthenet.Sherantooneofthegreatropesandbitituntilitparted.Soon,theLionwasfree.“You23whenIsaidIwouldrepayyou,“saidtheMouse.“NowyouseethatevenaMousecanhelpaLion.”答案：2023年上海市嘉定区中考一模英语试题III.36.C.37.E.38.A.39.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍火灾是森林生命周期的重要组成部分。【小题36】句意：多年来，人们一直认为火灾是危害森林的灾难。结合"Formanyyears，peoplehavethoughtoffiresasdisastersthat...theforest."和备选词汇可知，灾难会危害森林，动词harm"伤害"符合语境。故选C。【小题37】句意：科学家表示，火灾也是森林生命周期的重要组成部分。根据后文"Witheveryfire,theforestisbornagain."可知，每一场大火，森林都会重生，所以火灾也是森林生命周期的重要组成部分，cycle“周期”符合语境。故选E。【小题38】句意：有时他们不知道自己做了什么，这是偶然发生的。byaccident"偶然"，故选A。【小题39】句意：一旦发生火灾，它实际上会把干燥的树叶和树枝都烧掉。根据"Onceafirestarts,it...burnsawaythedryleavesandbranches."可知，大火实际上会把干燥的树叶和树枝都烧掉，副词actually"实际上"符合语境。故选D。40.E.41.A.42.B.43.D【小题40】句意：当森林里发生火灾时，所有的动物都试图逃跑。根据"Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrunaway.Smallcreatures(suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects)hideundergroundorunderrocks."可知，动物会逃离，escape"逃跑"符合语境。故选E。【小题41】句意：一些较弱的动物会死亡，但许多动物会幸存下来。结合“Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany..”和备选词汇可知，but表转折，由此可知一些动物死亡，一些动物幸存，SUrviVe"幸存"符合语境。故选A。【小题42】句意：火灾发生后，一些可能不是森林原生的动物来以动物尸体为食。结合“someanimalsthatmaynotbe...totheforest…"和备选词汇可知，此处应用benativeto"源于..…的"，形容词native作表语。故选B.【小题43】句意：现在，根据火灾生态学研究，人们有可能将森林火灾视为自然奇观。根据"it'spossibleforpeopletoseeforestfiresasnatural.."和备选词汇可知，此处指将森林火灾视为自然奇观，名词wonders"奇观"符合语境。故选D。2022年上海市嘉定区中考一模英语试题【答案】32.B33.A 34.E35.D36.B37.A38.D39.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了火山的形成、不同类别以及它的危害以及好处。句意：山在顶端有一个爆发。根据第一段第二句"Hotliquid,ash,androcksshootoutofamountaintop.”可知，山顶会有热的液体，石灰，石头等东西喷射出来，“shootout”也就是opening,an后面接元音音素开头的单词，opening符合题意，故选B。句意：它允许热的液体从地壳中逃离出来。动词短语“escapefrom,从……中逃离”，与上文“oPening”其实是一致的，故选A。句意：有些是活火山。根据后一句"Theycaneruptatanytime”可知，它们可以随时喷发出来。所以应该是活火山，活跃的，应该是active，故选E。句意：它们将预言什么时候喷发会发生。根据前一句"VolcanologistsarescientistswhoStudyVOlCanoes.”、根据后文“Theycanwarnpeopleoferuptions.”可知，火山学家们研究火山，他们可以推断、预测火山喷发的时间，提醒人们火山神什么时候喷发。这里缺少谓语动词，一般现在时，应该是“predict预测”，故选D。句意：火山会很危险。根据后一句“Whenoneisreadytoerupt,peoplemustbesenttoSafePIaCeS”可知，当它要爆发，人们要被安顿到安全的地方，因为它很危险“dangerous”，故选B。37.句意：它们创造出来新的土地。根据前一句"Butthereareadvantagestotheseflamingmountains”可知，它们也是有优点的，产生新的土地。“create”创造产生，故选A。句意：这能够帮助挡住阳光，让地球冷却下来。根据句意，阳光被阻挡了，地球就变凉了。所以这里是“cool”，使冷却，故选D。句意：能量自然地驱动事物前进。这里缺少形容词，根据前一句“...peopleusevolcanicheatasasourceofenergy”可知，人们用火山的热量当做一种能量资源，有了能量，就会很自然地推动事物发展前进，自然的“natural”，故选C。2021年上海市嘉定区中考一模英语试题16.B17.A18.E19.D20.E21.C22.B23.A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一只狮子和老鼠之间发生的故事。.句意：她感到很害怕，赶紧走开了。根据前文的“ShefeltSofrightenedand”和后文的“wentaway”并结合所给单词可知，应该是她感到很害怕，赶紧走开了，hurriedly意为“匆忙的”，故选Bo.句意：可怜的老鼠哀求道。根据前文的“Spare（饶恕）e!”和后文的“thePoorMouse."Pleaseletmegoandsomeday,Iwillsurelyrepay（回报）you”并结合所给单词可知，应该是可怜的老鼠哀求道，begged意为“恳求，哀求”，故选Ao.句意