专题23非谓语动词专题动词填空攻略-初中英语暑期专讲专练（牛津译林版）

专题23非谓语动词专题&动词填空攻略-初中英语暑期专讲专练（牛津译林版）知识点讲解知识点讲解非谓语动词专题概念：在句中不单独作谓语的动词叫非谓语动词。例:Helikestoreadthenovel.例：Heenjoyedtravelingaroundworld.例：JohnmadeTomgowithhim.非谓语动词的种类：不定式todo有还没有做的含义.2.动名词doing表示抽象的名词意义3.现在分词doing表示主动或进行的意义.4.过去分词done表示被动或完成的意义.动词不定式1.作主语：It+be+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+动词不定式.Itis______________us______________theenvironment.对我们来说，保护环境很重要。【答案】Itisimportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.用介词for，句中的形容词一般是necessary、important、difficult、hard等词，该题中有important，所以用for。注意：在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质、特征的形容词后，不用for而用of。Itisvery______________youtohelpme.你帮助我真是太好了。【答案】Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.根据用法如果句中的形容词是kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质、特征的形容词后，不用for而用of。2.作宾语：不定式一般做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语（but除外）。1）一些谓语动词只能用不定式作宾语，如：wouldlike,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。Wouldyoulike____________________________tonight?你今晚想去看电影么？【答案】towatchafilm.根据固定搭配，wouldliketodosth可知，该题用todo的结构即可。2）在find,think等后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it作为形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面。Ifind____________________________everyday.我发现每天读英语很容易。【答案】itveryeasytoreadEnglish.根据固定句式：sbfind/think/believeitadjtodosth,常用it作为形式宾语，而将真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。3）不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。Theteacheristellingthestudents________________/_________________.老师正在告诉学生们要做什么。【答案】whattodo/whattheyshoulddo.3.作宾语补足语：1）“动词+宾语+todo”结构，如：tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourage等。Lucyasked____________________________theradio.Lucy请他调小收音机的音量。【答案】himtoturndown，根据固定搭配，asksbtodosth可知，再根据把....音量调低用turndown。2）“动词+宾语+动词原形”结构，这些动词有：一感（feel），二听（hear,listento），三让（let,make,have），四看（lookat,see,watch,notice）半帮助（help）。其被动需加上to。Theboss_____________________thewholeday.=Theywere_____________________thewholeday.老板让他们工作了一整天。【答案】madethemwork/madetowork根据固定短语makesbdosth,它的被动语态为sbbemadetodosth,要还原to。4.作定语：不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面。Thereis____________________________.没什么可担心的。【答案】nothingtoworryabout.根据不定式放在不定代词后作定语可知，再根据担心用worryabout。5.作状语：Iwenttothelibrary_____________________.我去图书馆学英语了。（表目的）【答案】tolearnEnglish.用to+do放在句首或句中来表示目的，译为为了.....。易错点：1）不定式和含有to的固定短语的区别有些短语中所含有的介词为to，它后面需要接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，并不是动词不定式。1.payattentionto注意……Youshouldpayattentionto______________.你应该注意你的行为举止。【答案】yourbehaviors.考察单词，行为举止，用behavior即可。2.devote…to献身于，致力于Hehas__________________________________________thedisabledpeople.他一生致力于帮助残疾人。【答案】devotedallhislifetohelping.根据固定搭配devote…todoingsth献身于，致力于。3.lookforwardto期盼，盼望Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.我期盼着再见到你。4.prefer…to…与……相比更喜欢……Ipreferstayingathometogoingout.与出去相比，我更喜欢待在家里。5.get/beusedto…习惯于……，适应……Sheisquiteusedtoworkinghard.她很习惯努力工作。分词动词-ing考点：1.动名词作主语：谓语动词用单数。____________________________________yourhealth.吃得太多对你的健康有害。【答案】Eatingtoomuchisbadfor.根据固定搭配，bebadfor可知。作表语：Hishobbyis______________.他的爱好是集邮。【答案】collectingstamps.根据固定搭配集邮，collectstamps。作定语：Sheis____________________________.她在阅览室里面。【答案】inthereadingroom。4.英语中有一些动词（短语）后面常跟动名词作宾语Shepractices________volleyballeveryday.(play)Doyoumind________thedoor?(open)【答案】playing/opening根据practise、mind、enjoy、risk后接动词的ing形式。5.ing做补语：Don’tkeepus_____________________.不要让我们等得太久。Iheardhim_____________________.我听到他正在教室里唱歌。【答案】waitingtoolong/singingintheclassroom7.某些动词后接todo、doing、done的区别1.regrettodosth.®retdoingsth.Iregret______________thatIfailedtheexam.我很遗憾的告诉你我考试没及格。【答案】totellyou根据固定搭配regrettodosth表示遗憾做某事Idon’tregret___________mythoughts.我不后悔告诉她我的想法。【答案】tellingher2.can’thelp(to)dosth.&can’thelpdoingsth.Shecan’thelp________________becausesheisbusy_____________.【答案】cleantheroom,makingcakes她不能帮忙清理房间，因为她正忙着做蛋糕。Icouldn’thelp_____________________.我不禁回想起过去。【答案】rememberingthepast3.部分词doing做宾语，todo做补语advisedoing/advisesb.todoallowdoing/allowsb.todoIadvise______tillthepropertime.（wait）Myparentsdon’tallowme_________outatnight.（go）【答案】waiting、togo4.need,require,want后跟不定式和动名词的区别Thegardenneeds______________/______________.这个花园需要浇水了。【答案】watering、tobewatered5.doing&doneDon’tleavethewater__________whileyoubrushyourteeth.(run)Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself___________.(hear)【答案】runningheard过去分词：现在完成时&被动语态中出现表示被动固定搭配：have/makesthdone表示形容词的用法：interested、excited、lost、worried等动词填空解题方法1、确定所给的动词须用谓语形式动词的谓语形式是和各种时态联系在一起的。不同的时态对动词词形的要求各不相同，如动词原形、动词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词等，而且很多时候还必须和相应的助动词搭配到一起，如do/does、be动词、have/has以及情态动词等。对知识储备的要求：你首先必须掌握各种时态的含义、固定的组成部分和该时态的判断标志，其次要掌握该时态对动词相应词形的要求。做到以上两点，你才能在快速把握住解题主旨，并作出准确判断。2、确定所给的动词须用非谓语形式动词的非谓语形式主要有：动名词、不定式、分词、动词原形等。（1）包含动名词的有下列词汇和句型：enjoy、stop、finish、miss、continue、practice、like/love、remember、forget、keepsb.、goon、lookforwardto、spendsometime/money、Whatabout、Howabout、Thankyoufor、+doingsth.注：在介词之后的动词也要用动名词形式。（2）包含动词不定式的有下列词汇和句型：want(sb.)、need(sb.)、wouldlike、forget、remember、stop、continue、goon、ask/tellsb.、haveenough/notime/money、It’sagoodplaceforsb.、It’s+adj.+forsb.、Sb.+be+adj.+enough、Sb.+be+too+adj.、Ittakes/tooksb.sometime+todosth.注意：a、forget和remember之后既可以接动名词，也可以接动词不定式，区别在于：后接动名词表示动作已经做过了，而接不定式表示动作还未做。因此，用forget和remember后接动词不定式可以表示对别人的提醒。Don’tforgettolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你走时别忘了锁门。（门还没锁，提醒对方别忘了去锁。）Sorry,Ican’trememberseeingyoubefore.对不起，我记不得以前见过你。（以前可能见过，但忘了。）b、continue、goon等词汇之后也是既可以接动名词，也可以接动词不定式，区别在于：后接动名词表示继续做同样一件事情，而后接动词不定式表示继续去做另一件事情。Hewentonworkinginthegardenforthewholemorning.他在花园里干活干了一上午。（上午一直在花园里干活，没干别的。）Shedidsomereadingfirstandthenwentontowritealettertoherparents.她先读了会书，而后又给父母写了封信。c、stop后接动名词表示停止正在做的事情，而后接动词不定式表示停下来去做另一件事情。Stoptalking.Theteacheriscoming.别讲话。老师来了。Therearesomanypeopleoverthere.Let’sstoptoseewhatishappening.那边那么多人。我们停下来去看看发生什么事情。这些词汇之后具体接哪种动词词形要根据句意去判断。（3）常用到动词原形的习惯表达法有：helpsb.、makesb、see/hearsb.、hadbetter、letsb.、Whynot、Whydon’tyou、+dosth.注：1、help之后可以接动词不定式，也可接动词原形。接动词不定式的时候，不定式符号to可以省去。2、see、hear等感官动词之后既可以接动词原形，也可以接动名词。区别在于：后接动名词时表示所看到/听到的动作是正在进行的，而且是动作的局部；后接动词不定式时表示所看到/听到的是动作的全过程。3、在祈使句中也要用到动词原形。动词填空题注意点：1、区分谓语动词和非谓语动词句子从结构上看，可以分为简单句，并列句和复合句。简单句只有一个谓语动词，并列句和从句看有几个句子就有几个谓语动词。ThefilmdirectedbyFengXiaogangiswonderdul.(简单句1个谓语：is)ThefilmisdirectedbyFengXiaoganganditiswonderful.(并列句2个谓语：isdirected和is)ThefilmwhichisdirectedbyFengXiaogangiswonderful.(复合句2个谓语：isdirected和is)【例题精讲】1.Theprojecttheyhaddevoteduptotwoyearsto____________(choose)asthebestoneattheconference.2.---Whatimpressedyoumostontheshow?---Thepicture___________(take)intheUSA.3.________________(build)anothernewhouseifyouroldhouseistooold.4.________(get)enoughsunshine,Davidoftengoesoutforapicnicattheweekend.5.Tom,togetherwithLucy,______________(notquarrel)athome.Iwillbuysomethingdeliciousforyou.【答案】1.waschosen2.taken3.Build4.Toget5.don’tquarrel2、动词填空陷阱题1.句子中含有定语从句：当动词填空中含有定语从句时，我们要会分析句子成分，判断出定语从句的头和尾，然后从定语从句中去掉。如：Thesunlightweareallusedto________(include)sevendifferentcolors.第一步，先断句：Thesunlight|weareallusedto|__________(include)|sevendifferentcolors.第二步，确定主谓：主语是thesunlight，句中有两个谓语动词，一个是beusedto习惯于，一个是包括，谓语动词应该是主语发出的动作，阳光不会习惯于，只会包括，所以包括才是谓语动词。标志：主语后面没有立即出现谓语动词，而是who，which或者that以及另一个主语时，那就是定语从句的开端。2.句子的语序出现了颠倒。(1)句子使用了被动语态：Detailsshouldbepaidattentiontotogethighmarks.(2)宾语变成疑问词到了句首：Whatdoyouenjoytospendyourholiday?(3)感叹句：Howluckytheboywhoyoupayattentiontoistowinabigprize.3.句中含有插入语：一般是doyouthink/doyoubelieve等放在疑问词后。如：Whatdoyouthinkisthebestpartoftheday?【例题精讲】1.ThenovelMr.Greenhasdevotedallhislifeto____________(come)outnextmonth.2.Whowillyouhave__________(check)theproject?3.Whatdoyouthink______________(talk)aboutatthemeetingtomorrow?【答案】1.willcome2.check3.willbetalked基础练习基础练习一、用动词的适当形式填空1.Can'tyouseeI'mbusy__________?(cook)2.It'sagreatshameforme__________infrontofsomanypeople.(laughat)3.Wecouldnothelp__________afterweheardthestory.(laugh)4.Wouldyouplease__________meanEnglish-Chinesedictionarywhenyoucome?(bring)5.I'msorrytohavekeptyou__________.(wait)6.Somestudentsprefer_______(chat)withtheirfriendsontheInternetto_______(do)theirhomeworkonweekends.7.–Whyareyousoexcited?–Peterinvitedme_______(go)onatriptoPurpleMountain.8.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_______(help)me.9.Tomoftenmakeshisbrother_______(cry),butyesterdayhewasmade_______(cry)byhisbrother.10.Iwouldrather_______(stay)athomethangoshoppingwithyou.11.Iusedto_______uplate,butnowIamusedto_______upearlyinthemorning.(get)12.Ican’thelpyou.Iambusy_______myhomework.(do)13.Ihavedifficulty_________allthewords.(remember)14.MyfatherandIhadfun________theinterestingfilmyesterday.(watch)15.ThebookbyMoYanisworth________.(read)16.Heprefers______(stay)athometo______(go)toschool.【答案】1.cooking2.tobelaughedat3.laughing4.bring5.waiting6.chatting,doing7.togo8.tohelp9.crying,tocry10.stay11.get,getting12.doing13.remembering14.watching15.reading16.stayinggoing二、单项选择1.HeisnotgoodatEnglish,soitisnoteasyforhimtomakehimself_______.A.understand B.understanding C.understood D.understands2.‘Can’tyouread?’Marysaid,_______tothenotice.A.angrilypointing B.andpointangrily C.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing3.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.Iwonderhowtogetmyfalseteeth_______.A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.tofix4._______apostoffice,Istopped_______somestamps.A.Passed;buying B.Passing;tobuy C.Havingpassed;buy D.Pass;tobuy【答案】BADB三、完形填空Agiftinawrongplacebringsunexpectedhappiness．SinceIcametomynewneighbourhood，Ihavehadthepleasureofmeetingafewneighbours．Theyseemtobequite1people.ForChristmas，IthoughtIwoulddosomethingniceforeachoftheneighboursthatIknow.Isatdownand2.Therewerenineneighbours，andIalsoknewwhichhousestheylivedin．However，Idecidedto3onemorepersontomylist，theladyImeteverymorningwalkingtoworkasIdrovedownthestreet.Shealwaysmanagedasweetsmileandaheartywave（挥手），4Ihadnoideawhichhouseshelivedin．Mygiftideawastomakesmall5basketsandleavethemoneachofmyneighbour’sfrontporches（门廊）thenightofChrismasEve．Ikeptthelastoneforthefriendlylady，sinceIwasstillnotexactlysurewhereshelived—6thehousedownaboutwhereImethereachmorning.FinallyIdecidedtoputitthere.Myneighboursreallyenjoyedthebasketsandacoupleevencamebyto7me．Thismorningonmywaytowork，IplacedmymailinthemailboxandnoticedaThankYoucard．Iopeneditandreadthe8whichreallycaughtmebysurprise．Thecardsaid，“ThankyouforthoselovelyapplesandstrawberriesyouleftontheporchofTod.He9onJanuary19，butheneverstoppedtalkingabouthowniceitwasthatsomeone10himinhistimeofillness.Hereallyenjoyedit．”Iwasvery11．IhadnoideawhoTodwasorthathehadbeenseriously12．Ihadleftthatnicelady’sbasketonTod’sporchbyaccident．IbelievethatTodneverexpectedtohavethatbasket.Ifeel13thattheniceladydidnotgetabasketfrommethisChristmas，butIbelievethatifsheknewwhathadhappened，shewould14me．IfeelluckytohavehelpedTodbemorecheerfulinhislastdays．Thisjustmakesmefurtherbelievethatsometimes15inlifearebeautiful．（）1.A．richB．kindC．strongD．shy（）2.A．imaginedB．restedC．countedD．watched（）3.A．sendB．addC．connectD．put（）4.A．butB．soC．unlessD．because（）5.A．flowerB．foodC．vegetableD．fruit（）6.A．clearlyB．certainlyC．maybeD．simply（）7.A．thankB．protectC．encourageD．touch（）8.A．adviceB．storyC．noticeD．message（）9.A．passedawayB．ranawayC．droveawayD．flewaway（）10.A．invitedB．rememberedC．trustedD．accepted（）11.A．nervousB．relaxedC．surprisedD．satisfied（）12.A．painfulB．wrongC．hurtD．ill（）13.A．worriedB．sorryC．helplessD．afraid（）14.A．understandB．punishC．stopD．doubt（）15.A．jokesB．problemsC．mistakesD．gifts【答案】1~5:BCBAD6~10:CADAB11~15:CDBAC拔升练习拔升练习一、用动词的适当形式填空1.---Canyouhearme,Jack?---Louder,please.Icanhardlyhearyou.Thestudentsbesideme___________(clap)theirhands.2.Myartteacherencouragedme___________(try)outfortheschoolpaintingcompetition.3.Theboy________(allow)towatchTVevenifhefinisheshishomework.4.Lucylooksworriedbecauseshe________(notfind)hermissingdog.5.---Doyouthinkshewillattendtheimportantmeeting?

---Ifshe_________(notbe)busytomorrow.6.I_________(ride)toschoolforthreeyearswhenIwasinthemiddleschool.【答案】1.areclapping2.totry3.wont’beallowed4.hasn’tfound5.isn’t6.rode1.Wouldyoupleasetellmehowmuchmoney_____(steal)fromtheshoplastnight?2.Whilemyteacherwasmakingaspeech,I_____(record)it.3.SometimesJimhasgreatdifficulty_____(control)hismoods.4.Couldyoutellmewhowassent______(cover)theaccidentyesterday?5.Youmaymakethesamemistakeunlessyou______(be)morecarefulnexttime.6.---Whyareyoustandinghere?---I’mwaitingformydaughter.She_____(notcome)backfromwork.【答案】1.wasstolen2.wasrecording3.controlling4.tocover5.are6.hasn’tcome1.It'sreportedthatthefirstundergroundlineinChangzhou________(finish)in2018.2.Hedidn'tgototheconcertyesterdayeveningbecauseit________(cancel)becauseofthebadweather.3.Vivienhadnochoicebut________(record)everywordherbosssaid.4.Badluck!Ihadmynewmobilephone________(steal)onthewayhome.5.---Ihaven'treadyourdiary.---You________(lie).Otherwise,howdoyouknowwhatIsaidaboutJenny?6.Johnprefersstayingathometo________(walk)outside.Thismakeshismotherworried.【答案】1.willbefinished2.wascanceled3.torecord4.stolen5.arelying6.walking1.---Excuseme,whencanyoushowusthewonderfulbookinthelibrary?---Notuntilit_________(discover).2.Wehavetothinkofausefulwaytostopburglars___________(protect)ourwealth.3.Themurderthattookplaceonacoldnightwasn'tworth____________(report),theseexperiencedjournaliststhought.5.---Doyougetthee-mailIsentyesterday?---I_________(check),butIhaven’tfoundyoursonthelist.6.---Whenshallwegotowatchthebasketballmatchinthesportscenter?---Wewon'tgounlessthework___________(cancel)tomorrow.9.CouldyoutellmewhatIshouldpayattentionto______________(improve)myEnglish?11.Lifehaschangedalotbecauseofthecomputers______________(connect)totheInternet.12.What____________(happen)tothatboy?Helookssleepyinclass.14.---Hi,Judy.Haveyougraduatedfromcollege?---Yes.I_________(study)inNanjingUniversityforfouryears.16.Theresultofthemedicineresearchscientistshavedevotedalltheirlifeto________(report)totheleadersofourcountryinaweek.17.YouyouTubecamethefirstChinese_________(win)aNobelPrizeformedicineonOctober5th,2015.21.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_________(control)thecompanywhentheCEOisaway.【答案】1.isdiscovered2.toprotect3.reporting5.havechecked6.iscancelled9.toimprove 10.isattending11.connected12.hashappened14.studied16.willbereported17.towin21.tocontrol二、完形填空Iammymother’sthirdchild.WhenIwasborn,thedoctorgentlyexplainedtomymotherthatmyleftarmwasmissing,belowtheelbow(肘部).Thenhegavehersome(1)______,“Don’ttreatherany(2)_______fromtheothergirls.Demandmore.”Andshe(3)_______!Mymotherhadtoworkto(4)________ourfamily.Therewerefivegirlsinourfamilyandweallhadto(5)_________.OncewhenIwasaboutseven,Icameoutofthekitchen,“Mom,Ican’tpeel(削……皮)potatoes.Ionlyhaveonehand.”“Yougetbacktopeelthosepotatoes,anddon’teverusethatasa(n)(6)_________foranythingagain!”OfcourseIcouldpeelpotatoes-withmygoodhand,whileholdingthemdownwithmyotherarm.Therewasalwaysa(7)________,andMomknewit,“Ifyoutryhard(8)________,”shesaid,“youcandoanything.”Onceinthesecondgrade,ourteacherhadeachofusraceacrossthemonkeybars(攀爬架).Whenitwasmyturn,I(9)_______myhead.Somekidslaughed.Iwenthomecrying.Afterworkthenextafternoon,Momtookmebacktotheschoolplayground.“Now,pullupwithyourrightarm”,sheadvised.Shestoodby(10)________Ipracticed,andshepraisedmewhenImadeprogress.I’llneverforgetthenexttimeIwascrossingthebars.Thekidswerestandingtherewiththeirmouthsopen.Itwasthewaywitheverything.WhenI(11)_______Ican’thandlethings,IseeMom’ssmileagain.Shehadtheheartto(12)_______anything.AndshetaughtmeIcould,too.1.A.warning

B.medicine

C.help

D.advice2.A.badly

B.differently

C.well

D.normally3.A.cried

B.refused

C.did

D.was4.A.care

B.help

C.support

D.feed5.A.findout

B.workout

C.carryout

D.helpout6.A.idea

B.change

C.excuse

D.tool7.A.chance

B.way

C.time

D.success8.A.too

B.enough

C.again

D.often9.A.hurt

B.nodded

C.shook

D.turned10.A.before

B.as

C.after

D.until11.A.know

B.fear

C.afraid

D.realize12.A.face

B.teach

C.learn

D.solve【答案】1-5DBCCD6-10CBBCB11-12BA三、阅读理解Youarewatchingafilminwhichtwomenarehavingafight.Theyhitoneanotherhard.Atthestarttheyonlyfightwiththeirfists(拳头).Butsoontheybeginhittingoneanotherovertheheadswithchairs.Andsoitgoesonuntiloneofthemencrashes(撞击)throughawindowandfallsthirtyfeettothegroundbelow.Heisdead!Ofcourseheisn'treallydead.Withanyluckheisn'tevenhurt.Why?Becausethemenwhofalloutofhighwindows