英语习题（新教材新高考人教版）Unit4NaturalDisasters

必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AYoungerreaderswilldiscoverdinosaurs，stars，explorers，landmarksandmoreinthesemapsandtravelbookschosenbyVivienGodfrey，headofStanfords.MapsSpecialEdition，￡25Thisbookwasalreadypopularinourchildren’sdepartmentandhasbeenmadeevenbetterwiththisspecialedition，whichincludes16newcollectionof68mapstakesyouthrough58countriesand6ispackedwithillustratedinformation，whichincludesfamoushistoricalfigures，localdishes，festivals，wildanimalsandlandmarks.MapsoftheUnitedKingdom，￡WeheldthelaunchforMapsoftheUnitedKingdomattheStanfordsstoreinaimedatchildren，itcontainslotsofinformationand’ssowellputtogether，especiallywhenitcomestochoosingthe7famouspeopleinconnectionwitheachcounty：Norfolk，forexample，includesBoudiccaandPhilipPullman.HarryPotter’sLondon：TheFilmLocationWalk，￡HarryPotter’sLondon：TheFilmLocationWalkisamapthatfeaturesinformationonthreewalkstakeninthebestlocationsofCentralLondonfeaturedinthehugelypopularwalkscoverPiccadillyCircustoWestminsterBridgeviaTrafalgarSquareandKing’sCrossStation，withitsfamousPlatform9eq\f(3,4).FirstStickerBookFlags，￡Learntheflagsofeverycountryintheworldbyplacingtheflagstickersonthecorrectcountriesonthecontainsfascinatingfactsaboutcountriesandwhycertainflagsfeaturetheirparticulararefunquestionsthroughout，including，“SomeAfricanflagshaveadiagonalmanycanyoufind？”eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几本适合年轻读者阅读的地图册和旅游书籍。)1．Whatdothefirstandseconditemshaveincommon?A．Theyincludelocalcuisine.B．Theyareintendedforchildren.C．Theywerereleasedatthesamestore.D．Theycantakeyouthroughdifferentcountries.答案B解析细节理解题。根据MapsSpecialEdition，￡25部分的“Thisbookwasalreadypopularinourchildren’sdepartment”和MapsoftheUnitedKingdom，￡部分第二句中“Technicallyaimedatchildren”可知，这两本地图册的共同点是它们都是为孩子们设计的。故选B。2．WhichofthefollowingfeaturesthebestlocationsofCentralLondon?A．MapsSpecialEdition.B．MapsoftheUnitedKingdom.C．HarryPotter’sLondon：TheFilmLocationWalk.D．FirstStickerBookFlags.答案C解析细节理解题。根据HarryPotter’sLondon：TheFilmLocationWalk，￡部分第一句可知，这本地图册展示了伦敦中心区最佳的(外景拍摄)地点。故选C。3．Wherecanthetextbefound?A．Atravelbrochure.B．Afashionmagazine.C．Anonlinecourse.D．Abookstoreadvertisement.答案D解析文章出处题。文章主要介绍了适合年轻的读者阅读的地图册和旅游书籍，根据第一段也可推断出此文应该是书店的广告。故选D。BRecently，LondonersweretreatedtoanewwayinInk，“theworld’sfirst3Dprintingrestaurant”，openedtoagroupofguestswhodinedonanine-coursemealpreparedrightbeforetheireyesusing3Dtherestaurant’stablesandchairs，cupsandplateswerecreatedwith3DLondonjustthebeginning，FoodInkplanstobringitsinnovativerestaurantformattoanumberofothercitiesaroundtheglobe.Likeother3Dapplications，printingfoodisaprocessthatbuildslayersuponlayersofmaterialontopofeachlayerispushedthroughaprintheadtoformanobjectwithadesiredshape，texture，size，andsoother3Dprinting，whichusesspools(线轴)tocreateobjectsoutofplastic，foodmaterialsin3Dprintingareinsertedintoasyringe(吸管)likeacontainer，whicharethenpressedintotheshapefoodingredientsthatcanbeturnedintoapaste(糊状物)canbeusedin3Dfoodprinting.Finediningisonlyoneaspectofthefoodindustryabouttoberevolutionizedby3Dhavebeenexploringwaystouse3Dprintingtofightworldproductionoffoodusingpowderednutritionalingredientscouldhelpfeedagrowingisespeciallyimportantwiththeworldpopulationprojectedtobebillionby3D-printedfoodwouldhavetheadvantageofbeingproducedcheaplyandhavingalongshelflife.ThetechnologywillenableconsumerstoquicklymakemealswithingredientstosuittheirspecifichealthNetherlandsOrganizationforappliedscientificresearchisturningto3Dprintingtomashup(捣成糊状)peas，broccoli，andcarrotstoproduce3D-printedversionsoftheareeasiertochewbutholdtheir3D-printedvegetablesarebeingservedthroughoutnursinghomesinseemsthatthereisnoendtothepotentialof3Dprinting.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近在伦敦开放的世界第一家3D打印餐馆。)4．Whatcanwelearnabout“FoodInk”？A．Itattractslotsofguests.B．It’sa3Dtechnologycompany.C．Itispopulararoundtheworld.D．Itfeaturesthe3Dprintingfood.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“FoodInk，‘theworld’sfirst3Dprintingrestaurant’，openedtoagroupofguests...”可知，FoodInk是一家餐馆，以3D打印菜肴为特色。故选D。5．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusabout3Dprintingfood?A．Itstargetusers.B．Itswidepopularity.C．Itsmajorfunction.D．Itsproductionprocess.答案D解析段落大意题。由第二段第一句中的“printingfoodisaprocess...”和该段内容可知，第二段主要是在介绍打印食物的过程。故选D。6．Whycan3Dprintingfoodfightworldhunger?A．Itcanmakefoodtastier.B．Itcanmakefoodmorenutritional.C．Itcanreducefoodproductioncost.D．Itwillslowworldpopulationgrowth.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段末句可知，3D食物打印可以降低生产成本，更好地对抗饥饿问题。故选C。7．Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A．3Dprintinghasabrightfuture.B．3Dprintingfoodwillreplacethetraditionalfood.C．3Dapplicationhasbeenusedineveryaspectofourlife.D．TheNetherlandsandGermanyareleadingthe3Dtechnology.答案A解析推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“Itseemsthatthereisnoendtothepotentialof3Dprinting.”可推断出，3D打印技术还有很多用处，前途光明。故选A。C(2023·广东茂名联考)Echolocationhasbeengainingpopularityrecentlyasaskillthatsomeblindpeopleusetopreciselymapthecandetecttrees，buildingsordoorwaysbymakingaclickingsoundwiththeirmouthsandlisteningfortheecho.However，researchhasshownthiscanbelearnedbyanyone，blindorgrowingbodyofresearchencouragesustoawakesensesthathavebeenbyusingmouthclicks，echoexpertscantellwhetheranobject2mawayisacarortree.Thisdoesnotmeanecholocationprovidespeoplewiththesameaccuracyasecholocatorsstruggletotracktinyitonlyworksforthree-dimensional，LoreThaler，oneoftheworld’sleadingexpertsonhumanecholocation，saysitisstillaverypowerfultechnique.Thalerandhercolleaguesarecurrentlystudyingbrainscansofsightedandblindpeoplewhoarelearningtofar，resultshaveshownsomethingrathersurprising：Whensightedpeoplelearntonavigatebysound，theyengagethepartoftheirbrainthatusuallydealswithvision.“Weliketothinkofvisionasasensethat’sbyitself，andtherearecertainresourcesdedicatedtoit，suchastheeyesandspecificpartsoftheinstead，ourbrainmaybeabletoprocesssensoryinformationsomewhatmoreflexibly—‘seeing’withourears，ifyou’sjustthatusually，forsightedpeople，thereisnoreasontodoso，”saysThaler.Ineverydaylife，ourrealsensorysuperpowerliesnotinanyindividualskill，butintheirisbecauseeachsenseislimitedonitsperipheralvision(外围视觉)，forexample，isratherwecancombineitwithanothersense，likehearing，tomakeoutwheresomethingis，say，anapproachingisknownasthe“bimodalprecisionadvantage(双峰精度优势)”．It’sstrangetothinkthatecholocationhasbeeninsideus，unusedandknowswhatotherhiddensensesarewaitingtobediscovered?eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了隐藏感官的力量。)8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph2referto?A．Echolocation.B．Listeningfortheecho.C．Detectingobjects.D．Makingaclickingsound.答案A解析代词指代题。根据文章第一段中的“Echolocationhasbeengainingpopularityrecentlyasaskillthatsomeblindpeopleusetopreciselymapthesurroundings.”并结合画线词所在句可知，此处指无论是盲人还是视力正常的人都能学会回声定位。this指代“Echolocation”。故选A。9．WhichfindingshockedThalerandhercolleagues?A．Earsdohelpourvisionto“see”moreprecisely.B．Theblindarebetterecholocatorsthanthesighted.C．Trackingtinytargetsisstillhardforhumanecholocators.D．Visionisassociatedwithonlyeyesandpartsofthebrain.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句和第五段中的“‘seeing’withourears，ifyoulike”可知，耳朵有助于我们的视力“看”得更准确，这一发现震惊了Thaler和她的同事。故选A。10．Whichofthefollowingcanhelpusgainsensorysuperpower?A．Theperipheralvision.B．Sensoryinformation.C．Theflexibilityofthebrain.D．Sensorycombination.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段首句可知，感官之间的结合可以帮助我们获得感官超能力。故选D。11．Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheTruthBehindVisionB．ThePowerofHiddenSensesC．ThePopularityofEcholocationD．TheBimodalPrecisionAdvantage答案B解析标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了隐藏感官的力量。故选B。Ⅱ.七选五Childrenarenaturallycuriousbeings.1Teachersandparentsoftenfindthemselvesmakinguseofrewardsintheformofstars，promisesofhighgradesandwonderfulcareers，orthreatsofwhatifrewardsandthreatsaren’ttheanswer?Naturalcuriosityissometimesreferredtoas“innermotivation”．2Andit’seasytounderstandwhyit’shardtostudysomethingwearen’tactivelyengagedwith，andifwe’repassionateabouttheinformationwe’redigesting，itfeelsmorefulfilling.Externalmotivation，thingslikerewardsandpunishment，doeshaveitsusesandstimulationbasedonachievinggoodgradesorfearofpunishmenthasbeenacknowledgedtomotivateolderstudents.3So，ifit’sthecasethatnaturalcuriosityismotivationforbetterlearning，howcanwestimulatethatinterest?4Letchildrenseetheirlearningastheirownthingandgivethemabitmorechoiceofwhatandhowtheyexample，ifyouwanttoteachchildrentoread，letthemchoosewhichbooktheyit’sagraphicnovel，TVguideorclassicliterature，theaimofstimulatingtheirappetiteforreadingisachieved.Likewise，buildarelationshipwithchildrenaslearnersandlistentotheirnegativetheyareunwillingtogetinvolvedinanactivity，don’trushtousethreatsortofindoutit’ssimplybecausetheyfeeltheactivityboring.5Allinall，theanswertomotivatingchildren，especiallytheyoungones，comesfrominspiringtheirinnertheirinnermotivationisgenerated，the