河南省焦作市2022-2023学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

焦作市普通高中2022-2023学年(下)高二年级期末考试英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Seehissister.B.Haveapicnic.C.Lookafterhisniece.2.Whenwillthefootballmatchbebroadcastlive?A.At7pmtomorrow.B.At9amtomorrow.C.At10pmtoday.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?AApicture.B.Alesson.C.Weather.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttoeatnow?A.Cakes.B.Strawberries.C.Chips.5.WhatdoesthemanfinddifficultinlearningFrench?A.Vocabulary.B.Pronunciation.C.Grammar.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmanytargetlanguagesdoesthebrochureneedtobetranslatedinto?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.7.Whichmonthisitprobablynow?A.September.B.July.C.August.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodofirst?A.Feedtheanimals.B.Milkthecows.C.Repairthefences.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhensheisrequestedtowork?A.Bored.B.Excited.C.Nervous.10.Whatdidthewomanexpecttodoonthefarm?A.Enjoycountrylife.B.Experiencefarmwork.C.Learntoridehorses.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Astudent.B.Areporter.C.Atourguide.12.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Spain.B.China.C.Japan.13.Wheredoesthewomanusehersecondlanguagemost?AInherschool.B.Atherhome.C.Onhertravels.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whenwillthecompanydotheclean-up?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.15.Howlongisthestoragetimeofthefurniture?A.Aboutoneweek.B.Abouttwoweeks.C.Aboutfourweeks.16.Wherewillthewoman’sdishesbeput?A.Intheemergencypack.B.Inherpersonalpackage.C.Inthepackageoffurniture.17.Whichitemdoesn’tneedspecialcare?A.Theteakettle.B.Thealarmclock.C.TheCDplayer.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhathasthehighesttemperaturebeeninArgentina?A.About45℃.B.About42℃.C.About31℃.19.HowdidJoseCasabalcoolhischildrendown?A.Byturningontheairconditioner.B.Byaskingthemtodrinkmuchwater.C.Bytakingthemtodoawatersport.20.WhatisLucasBerengua?A.Aweatherexpert.B.Alocalofficial.C.Aweatherprogramhost.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABelowareafewexamplesofverydifferentmothersfromdifferentauthors,fromtheclassicstomoderndayexamples.TheRailwayChildrenbyEdithNesbitWhentheirfatheristakenawaybytwostrangersoneevening,thelivesofRoberta,PeterandPhylissarebrokenup.TheyandtheirmotherareforcedtomovefromtheircomfortableLondonhometoasimplecottageinthecountrywheretheirmotherwritesbookstomakeendsmeet.Thisissuchalovelystoryofhowthechildrenadapttotheirnewwayoflifebytherailwaysandofhowtheirmothercontinuestocareforthemandbringthemup,sometimestothepointwecouldalmostbelievesheistoogoodtobetrue!TheDwellingPlacebyCatherineCooksonSetinCountyDurhaminthe1830s,CissyBrodyandheryoungsiblingsaredrivenoutfromtheirfarmcottagewhenbothoftheirparentsdieofcholera.Determinedthatsheandthechildrenwillnotenterthefrighteningworkhouse,youngCissytakesontheparentalresponsibilityforthemandmovesthemalltoliveinasmallcaveonthemoorswheretheywillfacemanyhardshipsbeforefindingahappyending.LittleWomenbyLouisaMayAlcottInthisbook,themother,MrsMarch,isthegluethatholdsthefamilytogetherthroughtheCivilWaraswefollowthelivesofherdaughters,Jo,Meg,AmyandBeth.TheirfatherisawayservingasaChaplaininthewarandhavinglosttheirfortune,theirmothermustuseallherresourcestokeepthefamilytogether,whichshedoesremarkablywell.PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAustenSometimesgarrulous,rudeandmaterialistic,yetstrangelylikeable,MrsBennetleadsherfivedaughters,Jane,Elizabeth,Mary,KittyandLydia,tosuitablemarriages.Nothingwillstandinherwayalthoughsometimesherratherfull-onapproachdoesscareawaysuitablesuitors.Sometimestouchingandatothertimesfunny,itneverfailstomakemesmile.1.HowdoesthemotherinTheRailwayChildrensupportherfamily?A.Bystartingherwritingcareer. B.Bysellingthecomfortablehouse.C.Byworkingattherailway. D.Bywashingclothesfortherich.2.WhatisLittleWomensetin?A.Arichfamily. B.Thewarperiod. C.Theimaginaryfuture. D.Thecountryside.3.Whichbookcoversthesubjectofmarriage?A.TheRailwayChildren. B.TheDwellingPlace. C.LittleWomen. D.PrideandPrejudice.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheyandtheirmotherareforcedtomovefromtheircomfortableLondonhometoasimplecottageinthecountrywheretheirmotherwritesbookstomakeendsmeet.(他们和母亲被迫从伦敦舒适的家搬到乡下一所简陋的小屋，母亲在那里写书以维持生计)”可知，《铁路孩子》中的母亲是通过写作养家。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Inthisbook,themother,MrsMarch,isthegluethatholdsthefamilytogetherthroughtheCivilWaraswefollowthelivesofherdaughters,Jo,Meg,AmyandBeth.TheirfatherisawayservingasaChaplaininthewarandhavinglosttheirfortune,theirmothermustuseallherresourcestokeepthefamilytogether,whichshedoesremarkablywell.(在这本书中，母亲马奇太太是南北战争期间维系家庭的粘合剂，我们跟随她的女儿乔、梅格、艾米和贝丝的生活。他们的父亲在战争中担任牧师，失去了财产，他们的母亲必须利用她所有的资源来维持家庭的团结，她做得非常好)”可知，《小妇人》是以战争时期为背景的。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sometimesgarrulous,rudeandmaterialistic,yetstrangelylikeable,MrsBennetleadsherfivedaughters,Jane,Elizabeth,Mary,KittyandLydia,tosuitablemarriages.Nothingwillstandinherwayalthoughsometimesherratherfull-onapproachdoesscareawaysuitablesuitors.Sometimestouchingandatothertimesfunny,itneverfailstomakemesmile.(班纳特太太有时喋喋不休、粗鲁无礼、物质至上，但却出奇地讨人喜欢。她带领她的五个女儿——简、伊丽莎白、玛丽、基蒂和莉迪亚——找到了合适的婚姻。没有什么能阻挡她的脚步，尽管有时她全力以赴的方式确实吓跑了合适的追求者。有时感人，有时有趣，它总是让我微笑)”可知，《傲慢与偏见》是关于婚姻的。故选D。BAt70yearsoldandnearly200poundsheavy,JoanMacDonald’shealthwasdeteriorating(恶化)rapidly.Heramazingbodytransformationinspiredthousands!Shewastakingacocktailofmedications(药物)toaddresshermanyillnesses:highbloodpressure,highcholesterol,andacidreflux.Whilemanywouldsaythatit’snormalforpeopleatherage,Joanknewtherehadtobeabetterway.Doctorssaidshehadtomakeadjustmentstoherlifestyle,orelse,shewouldhavetotakeincreaseddosagesofthesemedications.AlthoughJoancouldn’trememberthelasttimeshereallythoughtaboutherhealth,sheknewitwastimeforthatbodytransformation.Joanwatchedhermomtakemedicationaftermedication,andshedidn’twanttoendupthatway.Joanbeganwithsmallchanges,includingwalking,practicingyoga,andliftingweights.Aftersixmonthsofhardwork,Joanwasabletoshed45pounds.Eversinceshestartedworkingoutandeatingmorehealthilyin2017,thistoughwomanhasmanagedtoloseatotalof50pounds!Herroutineinvolveshittingthegymfivedaysaweek,doingweightlifting,anddoing15to30minutesofsports.WhileJoanadmittedtostrugglingwiththetechnologyatfirst,sherefusedtothrowinthetowel.Sinceshecarriedoutthesechangesinherlife,Joanhasfeltsomuchbetter.She’sgottenoffhermedicationsandherarthritisisnotasbothersomeasbefore.Now,Joanisinspiringwomenofallagesworldwidebyprovingtothemthatit’snevertoolatetochange.Heradvicetootherwomenwhowanttomakeachangebutdon’tknowhowtois“tobelievethatitispossible!Eventhoughyoucan’tturnbacktheclock,youcanwinditupagain.”4.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofJoan’sillnesses?A.Theyshouldbecuredimmediately. B.Theyarecompletelyavoidable.C.Theyarenearlyharmlesstohealth. D.Theyarecommonforpeopleintheir70s.5.WhyisJoan’smothermentionedinthetext?A.ToshareJoan’smother’slatelife. B.ToshowtheoriginofJoan’sillnesses.C.ToexplainJoan’smotivationtochange. D.Tostresstheimportanceofhealth.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.TheeffortsJoanhasmade. B.Joan’sgiftforsports.C.ThechallengesJoanhasmet. D.Joan’sfavoriteactivities.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJoan’sstory?A.Wherethereislife,thereishope. B.Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.C.Thegoodseamanisknowninbadweather. D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了70岁的琼·麦克唐的健康状况逐渐恶化，但她积极地做出改变激励了成千上万的人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“manywouldsaythatit’snormalforpeopleatherage,Joanknewtherehadtobeabetterway.（很多人会说这对她这个年纪的人来说很正常）”可知，人们通常认为琼的病对70多岁的人来说很常见。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Joanwatchedhermomtakemedicationaftermedication,andshedidn’twanttoendupthatway.（琼看着妈妈一次又一次地服药，她不想以这种方式结束。）”可知，文中提到了琼的母亲是为了说明琼做出改变的动机。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段的“Joanbeganwithsmallchanges,includingwalking,practicingyoga,andliftingweights.Aftersixmonthsofhardwork,Joanwasabletoshed45pounds.Eversinceshestartedworkingoutandeatingmorehealthilyin2017,thistoughwomanhasmanagedtoloseatotalof50pounds!Herroutineinvolveshittingthegymfivedaysaweek,doingweightlifting,anddoing15to30minutesofsports.（琼开始做一些小的改变，包括散步、练习瑜伽和举重。经过六个月的努力，琼瘦了45磅。自从2017年开始锻炼并吃得更健康以来，这位坚强的女人已经成功地减掉了50磅！她的日常活动包括每周五天去健身房，举重，以及15到30分钟的运动。）”可知，第四段主要讲述的是琼为获得健康所做的努力。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Now,Joanisinspiringwomenofallagesworldwidebyprovingtothemthatit’snevertoolatetochange.Heradvicetootherwomenwhowanttomakeachangebutdon’tknowhowtois“tobelievethatitispossible!Eventhoughyoucan’tturnbacktheclock,youcanwinditupagain.”（现在，琼正在激励全世界所有年龄段的女性，向她们证明改变永远不会太迟。她给其他想做出改变但不知道如何改变的女性的建议是“相信这是可能的！你无法让时钟反转,但你能重新上发条。”）”可知，我们能从琼的故事看得出有志向的人能够实现目标，即B项（心之所愿，无所不成）。故选B。CAfteradolphinwasfoundswimmingaloneinacreek(浅湾)inFlorida,marinebiologistsformedahumanchaintorescueit.Dolphinstypicallytravelingroupscalleda“school”ora“pod”,althoughsolitary(独自的)dolphinsarebecomingmorecommon.Thiscanbeacauseforconcernbecausedolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures,soiftheyareisolated(孤立)fromotherdolphins,theymayturntheirattentiontohumaninteraction.Thisinturncanbedangerous,bothfordolphinsandhumans.Dolphinscanbecomedependentonhumansforfood,andbecomelessinclinedtofeedontheirown.Additionally,dolphinsthatareusedtohumancontactspendmoretimeinshallowwaters,whichcanleadtostandingsorboatcrashes.Meanwhile,humanswhogettooclosetodolphinscanfindthemselveswithinjuriessuchasbrokenbones.Therefore,afterseeingthatthedolphinhadbeenaloneinforafewdays,andwasneararesidentialareawithpotentialforhumandisturbance,NOAAFisheriesServicedecidedtotakeaction.Twenty-eightbiologistsfromtheClearwaterMarineAquarium,NOAAandFWCcametogethertoformahumanchain,creatingabarrierthatwouldguidethedolphinoutofthecreek.RescuebiologistBrittanyBaldricasaid,“Thegoalwastojustbeabarrierthatwasnoveltotheanimal,sowewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasanauditory(听觉的)barrier.Wehadsomebodybehindusthatwasbangingonaboat,settingofftheirengineandthenweweresplashingwaterandmovingforwardtowardstheanimal,soweweregivingtheanimaltheoptiontoswimthroughthebridgeonitsown.”Therescuewassuccessful,withthedolphinmakingitswayoutofthecreek.8.Whichofthefollowingsituationscanmakepeopleworried?A.Moredolphinsarebecomingsolitary.B.Dolphinsalwaysliveingroups.C.Dolphinsarebecomingindependentfromhumans.D.Dolphinshavenointeractionwithhumans.9Whichmaybeaconsequenceofadolphinbeingisolated?A.Beinghuntedbyhumans. B.Becominglesscruel.C.Relyingonhumansforfood. D.Stayingindeepwaterslonger.10.Whatisthefunctionofthehumanchain?A.Offeringhumaninteractiontothedolphin.B.Preventingthedolphinfromrunningintoboats.C.Makingthedolphindesiretomovearound.D.Guidingthedolphinoutoftheshallowwater.11.WhatismainlyexpressedinBrittany’swords?A.Thetroublethedolphinwasin. B.Thepeoplewhorescuedthedolphin.C.Thewaythedolphinwasrescued. D.Themeaningofrescuingthedolphin.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了独自生活的海豚正变得越来越普遍，海洋生物学家组建人链来拯救它们。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“…solitarydolphinsarebecomingmorecommon.Thiscanbeacauseforconcernbecausedolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures.”（独自生活的海豚正变得越来越普遍。这可能是一个令人担忧的原因，因为海豚天生就是善于交际的生物。）可知，越来越多的海豚变得独自生活，这会让人担心。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“soiftheyareisolatedfromotherdolphins,theymayturntheirattentiontohumaninteraction”（所以如果它们与其他海豚隔离，它们可能会将注意力转向与人类进行互动）及第三段的“Dolphinscanbecomedependentonhumansforfood”（海豚会变得依赖人类获取食物）可知，海豚被隔离后可能依靠人类获取食物。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Twenty-eightbiologistscametogethertoformahumanchain,creatingabarrierthatwouldguidethedolphinoutofthecreek.”（28名生物学家组成了一条人链，形成了一道屏障，引导海豚离开小溪。）可知，人链的功能是引导海豚离开浅水区。故选D。【11题详解】段落大意题。根据倒数第二段的“RescuebiologistBrittanyBaldricasaid,“Thegoalwastojustbeabarrierthatwasnoveltotheanimal,sowewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasanauditorybarrier.Wehadsomebodybehindusthatwasbangingonaboat,settingofftheirengineandthenweweresplashingwaterandmovingforwardtowardstheanimal,soweweregivingtheanimaltheoptiontoswimthroughthebridgeonitsown.””（救援生物学家BrittanyBaldrica说，“我们的目标是成为一个对动物来说新颖的屏障，所以我们想创造一个物理屏障和听觉屏障。我们身后有人在敲船，启动他们的发动机，然后我们泼水，朝着动物前进，所以我们让动物可以选择自己游过大桥。”）可知，布列塔尼的话主要讲的是海豚获救的方式。故选C。DItmaybebettertoletamildfeverrunitscourseinsteadofautomaticallyreachingformedication,newresearchofUniversityofAlbertasuggests.Researchersfoundthatuntreatedmildfeverhelpedfishcleartheirbodiesofinfectionrapidly,controlinflammation(炎症)andrepairdamagedtissue.“Weletnaturedowhatnaturedoes,andinthiscaseitisverymuchapositivething,”saysDanielBarreda,leadauthoronthestudy.Mildfeverisself-resolving,meaningthatthebodycanbothcauseitandshutitdownnaturallywithoutmedication,Barredaexplains.Thehealthadvantagesofnaturalfevertohumansstillhavetobeconfirmedthroughresearch,buttheresearcherssaybecausethemechanisms(机制)drivingandsustainingfeveraresharedamonganimals,itisreasonabletoexpectthatsimilarbenefitsaregoingtohappeninhumans.Thatsuggestsweshouldresistreachingforfevermedicationsatthefirstsignsofamildtemperature,hesays.“Theytakeawaythediscomfortfeltfromfever,butyou’realsolikelytogiveawaysomeofthebenefitsofthisnaturalresponse.”Forthestudy,fishweregivenabacterialinfectionandtheirbehaviourwasthentrackedandevaluatedusingmachinelearning.Outwardsymptomsweresimilartothoseseeninhumanswithfever,includingimmobility,fatigueandmalaise.Thesewerethenmatchedtoimportantimmune(免疫)mechanismsinsidetheanimals.Theresearchshowedthatnaturalfeveroffersanintegrativeresponsethatnotonlyactivatesdefencesagainstinfection,butalsohelpscurbit.Theresearchersfoundthatfeverhelpedtoclearthefishofinfectioninaboutsevendays—halfthetimeittookforthoseanimalsnotallowedtohavefever.Feveralsohelpedtoshutdowninflammationandrepairdamagedtissue.“Ourgoalistodeterminehowtobesttakeadvantageofourmedicaladvanceswhilecontinuingtocontrolandusethebenefitsfromnaturalmechanismsofimmunity,”saysBarreda.12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthehealthbenefitofnaturalfevertohumans?A.Itisimpractical. B.Itneedsproving.C.Ithasbeenfrequentlytested. D.Itisusefulinmakingmedicine.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“curb”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Replace. B.Explore. C.Control. D.Observe.14.Howdidnaturalfeverhelpthefish?A.Byshorteningtheinfectiontime. B.Byimprovingtheirlivingconditions.C.Bysendingwarningstotheirbrain. D.Byextendingtheirlife.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Naturedoeswhatitshoulddo. B.Mildfeverisself-resolving.C.Animalssharethemechanismsoffever. D.Mildfeverhelpsclearinfectionsfaster.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现轻度发烧有助于鱼类迅速清除体内的感染，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thehealthadvantagesofnaturalfevertohumansstillhavetobeconfirmedthroughresearch,buttheresearcherssaybecausethemechanisms(机制)drivingandsustainingfeveraresharedamonganimals,itisreasonabletoexpectthatsimilarbenefitsaregoingtohappeninhumans.(自然发热对人类健康的好处还需要通过研究来证实，但研究人员表示，由于动物之间驱动和维持发烧的机制是相同的，因此有理由期待类似的好处也会发生在人类身上)”可知，关于自然发热对人类的健康益处还需要证明。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Researchersfoundthatuntreatedmildfeverhelpedfishcleartheirbodiesofinfectionrapidly,controlinflammation(炎症)andrepairdamagedtissue.(研究人员发现，未经治疗的轻度发烧有助于鱼类迅速清除体内的感染，控制炎症，修复受损组织)”；划线词上文“naturalfeveroffersanintegrativeresponsethatnotonlyactivatesdefencesagainstinfection(自然发热提供了一种综合反应，不仅激活了对感染的防御)”以及后文“Theresearchersfoundthatfeverhelpedtoclearthefishofinfectioninaboutsevendays—halfthetimeittookforthoseanimalsnotallowedtohavefever.Feveralsohelpedtoshutdowninflammationandrepairdamagedtissue.(研究人员发现，发烧可以帮助鱼在大约7天内清除感染，这是那些不允许发烧的动物所需时间的一半。发烧也有助于关闭炎症和修复受损组织)”可知，后文提到了发烧可以帮助鱼类缩短感染时间，说明自然发热有助于控制感染，故划线词意思是“控制”。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theresearchersfoundthatfeverhelpedtoclearthefishofinfectioninaboutsevendays—halfthetimeittookforthoseanimalsnotallowedtohavefever.(研究人员发现，发烧可以帮助鱼在大约7天内清除感染，这是那些不允许发烧的动物所需时间的一半)”可知，自然发热帮助鱼类缩短感染时间。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchersfoundthatuntreatedmildfeverhelpedfishcleartheirbodiesofinfectionrapidly,controlinflammation(炎症)andrepairdamagedtissue.“Weletnaturedowhatnaturedoes,andinthiscaseitisverymuchapositivething,”saysDanielBarreda,leadauthoronthestudy.(研究人员发现，未经治疗的轻度发烧有助于鱼类迅速清除体内的感染，控制炎症，修复受损组织。该研究的主要作者丹尼尔·巴雷达说：“我们让大自然顺其自然，在这种情况下，这是一件非常积极的事情。”)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现轻度发烧有助于鱼类迅速清除体内的感染，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。可知，D选项“轻度发烧有助于更快清除感染”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thelifeofastudentisbusy.Toensureyouhaveahealthylifestyle,employthesetipsinyourdailyroutine.Cutdownonsugar____16____.Thatistosay,whatyoueatmatters.Healthyeatingresultsinyouthfulskin,boostsenergylevelsandenhancestheimmunesystem,whichreducesdiseases.Anunhealthybodyincreasestheriskofdiseases.Whenyouareunwell,youwillmissclasses,whichinturnaffectsyouracademicperformance.Avoidingmealscontainingprocessedsugaristhebestwaytoliveahealthylife.SaynotostressDuetothehighexpectationsplacedonstudents,manyexperiencehighlevelsofstress.____17____.Chronic(长期的)stresseventuallyleadstodepression,irritability,anxiety,inabilitytoconcentrateandanincreaseinriskybehavior.____18____Thephrase“toomuchofanythingispoisonous”appliestothemealsyoueat.Eatingmorecarbohydrates(碳水化合物)causesyourbloodsugarlevelstogettoohigh.Toomuchfatleadstoobesity,andconsumingexcessproteinsputsyourkidneysatriskoffailing.Avoidconsumingtoomuchofaspecificmealbyoptingforabalanceddiet.GetanexercisepartnerAlthoughit’sanessentialpartofahealthylifestyle,workingoutregularlycanbeastruggleformoststudentswithabusyschedule.____19____.Aworkoutpartnercomesintokeepyouresponsible,offercompanionshipandgiveyouthepushyouneedtomakephysicalactivitypartofyourroutine.Don’tovercommitIfyoufrequentlyovercommit,youwillstretchyourselftoothinandeventuallyspendlesstimeonthingsthatreallymatter.Ifyoufindyourselfsayingyestoeveryinvitationbecauseyoudon’twanttodisappointyourfriends,theresultwillbeyoudealingwithburnout.____20____.A.Balanceproteins,fatandcarbohydratesB.MakeyoursparetimefullandwonderfulC.AhealthylifestylestartswithahealthydietD.EvenstudentswhomakeitaNewYearresolutionoftengiveuponthegoalE.SochooseahealthylifeandplanyourtimewiselytoavoidovercommittingF.Sugardoesn’tplayabigpartinsecuringahealthybodyG.Infact,academicstresshasbecomealifestylecrisisaffectingstudentsatalllevels【答案】16C17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了保持健康生活方式的建议。【16题详解】根据后文“Thatistosay,whatyoueatmatters.Healthyeatingresultsinyouthfulskin,boostsenergylevelsandenhancestheimmunesystem,whichreducesdiseases.Anunhealthybodyincreasestheriskofdiseases.Whenyouareunwell,youwillmissclasses,whichinturnaffectsyouracademicperformance.Avoidingmealscontainingprocessedsugaristhebestwaytoliveahealthylife.(也就是说，你吃什么很重要。健康的饮食使皮肤年轻，提高能量水平，增强免疫系统，从而减少疾病。不健康的身体会增加患病的风险。当你身体不舒服时，你会缺课，这反过来会影响你的学习成绩。避免含有加工糖的食物是健康生活的最佳方式)”可知，本段主要是关于健康的饮食对健康生活方式的重要性，故C选项“健康的生活方式始于健康的饮食”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Duetothehighexpectationsplacedonstudents,manyexperiencehighlevelsofstress.(由于对学生的高期望，许多人经历了高水平的压力)”以及后文“Chronic(长期的)stresseventuallyleadstodepression,irritability,anxiety,inabilitytoconcentrateandanincreaseinriskybehavior.(慢性压力最终会导致抑郁、易怒、焦虑、无法集中注意力和危险行为的增加)”可知，上文提到了学生的压力来源，后文则说明了压力的危害，G选项中students对应上文students。故G选项“事实上，学业压力已经成为一种影响各级学生的生活方式危机”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据本段内容“Thephrase“toomuchofanythingispoisonous”appliestothemealsyoueat.Eatingmorecarbohydrates(碳水化合物)causesyourbloodsugarlevelstogettoohigh.Toomuchfatleadstoobesity,andconsumingexcessproteinsputsyourkidneysatriskoffailing.Avoidconsumingtoomuchofaspecificmealbyoptingforabalanceddiet.(“任何东西吃多了都是有毒的”这句话适用于你吃的食物。吃更多的碳水化合物会导致你的血糖水平过高。过多的脂肪会导致肥胖，摄入过多的蛋白质会使你的肾脏有衰竭的风险。选择均衡的饮食，避免某一餐吃得太多)”可知，本段主要说明了吃过了碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的危害，即要平衡这三者。故A选项“平衡蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Althoughit’sanessentialpartofahealthylifestyle,workingoutregularlycanbeastruggleformoststudentswithabusyschedule.(尽管这是健康生活方式的重要组成部分，但对于大多数日程繁忙的学生来说，定期锻炼可能是一件困难的事情)”以及后文“Aworkoutpartnercomesintokeepyouresponsible,offercompanionshipandgiveyouthepushyouneedtomakephysicalactivitypartofyourroutine.(健身伙伴会让你有责任感，提供陪伴，给你推动力，让你把体育锻炼变成日常生活的一部分)”可知，上文提到了对学生来说定期锻炼的困难性，故本句继续说明其困难的具体表现：即使是把它作为新年决心的学生也经常放弃这个目标。故D选项“即使是把它作为新年决心的学生也经常放弃这个目标”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据标题“Don’tovercommit(不要过度投入)”以及上文“Ifyoufrequentlyovercommit,youwillstretchyourselftoothinandeventuallyspendlesstimeonthingsthatreallymatter.Ifyoufindyourselfsayingyestoeveryinvitationbecauseyoudon’twanttodisappointyourfriends,theresultwillbeyoudealingwithburnout.(如果你经常过度投入，你就会把自己拉得太紧，最终在真正重要的事情上花的时间就会变少。如果你发现自己因为不想让朋友失望而答应了每一个邀请，那么你就会感到精疲力竭)”可知，本段的主旨是避免过度投入，E选项中overcommitting对应上文overcommit。故E选项“因此，选择健康的生活方式，明智地规划你的时间，避免过度投入”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。65-year-oldDeeHarkriderhadjustfinishedashoppingtripatherlocalWalmartanddidn’trealizeshe’dleftherwalletinashoppingcart.Soonaftershe____21____,DelivontaeJohnson,19,drovehiscarintothelotofthesameWalmartinForrestCity,Arkansas,inneedofa____22____tireafterhittingapothole(坑).Afterhedroveintoaspace,Johnson____23____ablackiteminacart:itwasawallet,containingHarkrider’sdriver’slicense,cashandbankcards.Hisimmediate____24____was,“Ihavetotrytofindoutwhothisladyisandgiveherwalletback.”Johnson____25____thedriver’slicensetofindherthroughFacebook.Hesenttheladya(n)____26____,sayingthathewasdrivingnorthtoherhomeinWynneto____27____thewallet.Butatthesametime,Harkriderwasmilesawayinthe____28____direction,visitingafriendinPalestine.____29____,JohnsonmadeaU-turnandthepair_____30_____inarestaurantparkinglotinPalestine.“Igavehimabighug,”Harkridersaid.“I’m_____31_____thatwehaveyoungpeopleouttherelikehim.”Despitethe_____32_____difference,HarkriderhasbefriendedJohnsonandhisfamily,wholiveinForrestCity.Meanwhile,Johnson,inschooltoearnhiscommercialdrivinglicense,isheartenedbywhat’sgrownoutofhis_____33_____.“Peoplenowadayshavealotofbadthingstosayaboutteenagers,”Johnsonsays.“My_____34_____wastogivebackthewallettowhoeveritbelongedto.AndIthinkthatistherightthingformetodo.Ifeel_____35_____now.”21.A.turnedup B.pulledover C.droveoff D.hungout22.A.new B.big C.cheap D.fixed23.A.accepted B.selected C.placed D.spotted24.A.challenge B.reaction C.suggestion D.mission25.A.discovered B.compared C.checked D.reported26.A.invitation B.certificate C.contract D.message27.A.return B.search C.claim D.recognize28.A.given B.opposite C.wrong D.right29.A.Frequently B.Occasionally C.Immediately D.Actually30.A.met B.argued C.parted D.competed31.A.worried B.calm C.confused D.grateful32.A.income B.age C.national D.racial33.A.judgment B.plan C.kindness D.wish34.A.concern B.opportunity C.regret D.occupation35.A.lucky B.strong C.unique D.joyful【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了19岁的Johnson在超市停车场发现了购物车里的钱包后，立马根据钱包里的驾照信息在Facebook上联系到失主，65岁的DeeHarkrider，亲自交到她手里，得到了老人的肯定。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在她开车离开后不久，19岁的DelivontaeJohnson把车开进了阿肯色州福雷斯特城的同一家沃尔玛的停车场，因为撞了一个坑，需要换一个新轮胎。A.turnedup出现；B.pulledover靠边停车；C.droveoff开车离开；D.hungout闲逛，消磨时间。根据下文“Butatthesametime,Harkriderwasmilesawayinthe____8____direction,visitingafriendinPalestine.(但与此同时，Harkrider却在数英里之外的一个相反的方向，去巴勒斯坦拜访一位朋友。)”可知，Harkrider购物后，开车离开（droveoff）超市后去拜访一个朋友。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她开车离开后不久，19岁的DelivontaeJohnson把车开进了阿肯色州福雷斯特城的同一家沃尔玛的停车场，因为撞了一个坑，需要换一个新轮胎。A.new新的；B.big大的；C.cheap便宜的；D.fixed固定的。根据句中afterhittingapothole可知，车子轮胎出了问题，需要换一个新的（new）。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把车开到一个车位后，约翰逊发现购物车里有一个黑色的东西：那是一个钱包，里面装着哈克里德的驾照、现金和银行卡。A.accepted接受；B.selected选择；C.placed放置；D.spotted发现。根据上文“65-year-oldDeeHarkriderhadjustfinishedashoppingtripatherlocalWalmartanddidn’trealizeshe’dleftherwa