2009年12月英语四级考试真题及答案

Meritaid,whichbenefitedabout75studentsayear,orabout4%ofitsstudentbody,atacostofabout$1millionayear,“serveduswell,”Inzersays,but“tobediscountingthepriceforfamiliesthatdon’tneedfinancialaiddoesn’tfeelrightanymore.”Need-basedaidremainsbyfarthelargestshareofallstudentaid,whichincludesstate,federalandinstitutionalgrants.Butmeritaid,offeredprimarilybyschoolsandstates,isgrowingfaster,bothoverallandattheinstitutionallevel.Between1995-96and2003-04,institutionalmeritaidaloneincreased212%,comparedwith47%forneed-basedgrants.Atleast15statesalsooffermeritaid,typicallyinabidtoenrolltopstudentsinthestate’spublicinstitutions.Butinrecentyears,agrowingchorus(异口同声)ofcriticshasbegunpressuringschoolsdropthepractice.RecentdecisionsbyHamiltonandothersmaybe“asignthatpeoplearestartingtorealizethatthere’sthisdestructivecompetitiongoingon,”saysBaum,co-authorofarecentCollegeReportthatraisesconcernsabouttheroleofinstitutionalaidnotbasedonneed.DavidLaird,oftheMinnesotaPrivateCollegeCouncil,saysmanyofhisschoolswouldliketoreducetheirmeritaidbutfearthatinngso,theywouldlosetopstudentstotheir“Noonecantakeone-sidedaction,”saysLaird,whoisexploringwhethertoseekexemption(豁免)fromfederalanti-trustlawssomembercollegescandiscusshowtheycouldjointlyreducemeritaid,“Thisisamerry-go-roundthat’sgoingveryfast,andnoneoftheinstitutionsbelievetheycansustaintherisksoftryingtobreakawaybythemselves.”Acomplicatingfactoristhatmeritaidhas esopopularwith efamilies,whodon’tqualifyforneed-basedaid,thatmanyhavecometodependonit.And,astuitionscontinuetoincrease,thelinebetweenmeritandneedblurs.That’sonereasonAlleghenyCollegedoesn’tntodropmeritaid“Westillbelieveinrewardingsuperiorachievementsandknowthatthesetopstudentstrulyvaluethescholarship,”saysScottFriedhoff,Allegheny’sviceforenrollment.EmoryUniversityinAtlanta,whichboastsa$4.7billionendowment(捐赠),meanwhile,istakinganotherapproach.Thisyear,itannounceditwouldeliminateloansforneedystudentsandcapthemfor efamilies.Atthesametime,itwouldexpandits28-year-oldmerit“Yeah,we’reyingthemeritgame,”acknowledgesTomLancaster,associatedeanundergraduateeducation.Butithasitsstrongpoint,too,hesays.“Thefactofthematteris,it’snotjustaboutthe epeople.It’stheaverageAmericanmiddle-classfamilywho’sbeingpricedoutofthemarket.”*Afewwordsaboutmerit-basedMerit-basedaidisaidofferedtostudentswhoachieveexcellenceinagivenarea,andisgenerallyknownasacademic,athleticandicmeritscholarships.Academicmeritscholarshipsarebasedonstudents’grades,GPAandoverallperformanceduringhighschool.Theyaretypicallymeantforstudentsgoingstraighttocollegerightafterhighschool.However,therearescholarshipsforcurrentcollegestudentswithexceptionalgradesaswell.Thesemeritscholarshipsusuallyhelpstudentspaytuitionbills,andtheycanberenewedeachyearaslongastherecipientscontinuetoqualify.Insomecases,studentsmayneedtobe mendedbytheirschoolorateacheraspartofthequalificationAthleticmeritscholarshipsaremeantforstudentsthatexcel(突出)insportsofanykind,fromfootballtotrackandfieldevents. mendationforthesescholarshipsisrequired,sinceexceptionalathleticperformancehastoberecognizedbyacoachorareferee(裁判).Applicantsneedtosendinatapecontainingtheirbestperformance.icmeritscholarshipsrequirethatapplicantsexcelinagiven icarea.Thisgenerallyincludesanycreativefieldsuchasart,design,fashion,music,danceorwriting.Applyingforicmeritscholarshipsusuallyrequiresthatstudentssubmitaportfolio(选辑)ofsomesort,whetherthatincludesacollectionofartwork,arecordingofamusicalperformanceor themWithmoreandmore estudentspursuinghighereducation,anumberofcollegesare offeringstudentsmoremerit-basedaidB)revisingtheirfinancialaidC)increasingtheamountoffinancialaidD)changingtheiradmissionWhatdidAlleghenyCollegeinMeadvilledothreeyearsIttriedtoimplementanovelfinancialaidItadded$2.5milliontoitsneed-basedaidItphasedoutitsmerit-basedscholarshipsItcutsitsmerit-basedaidtohelptheneedyThechiefpurposeofrankings-consciouscollegesinofferingmeritaidisto improveteachingqualityB)boosttheirC)attractgoodstudentsD)increasetheirMonicaInzer,deanofadmissionandfinancialaidatHamilton,believes itdoesn’tpaytospend$1millionayeartoraiseitsitgivesstudentsmotivationtoawardacademicit’sillogicaltousesomuchmoneyononly4%ofitsit’snotrighttogiveaidtothosewhocanaffordtheInrecentyears,merit-basedaidhasincreasedmuchfasterthanneed-basedaiddue moreernmentfundingtocollegesB)fiercecompetitionamongC)theincreasingnumberoftopstudentsD)schools’improvedfinancialWhatistheattitudeofmanyprivatecollegestowardmeritaid,accordingtoDavidTheywouldliketoseeitTheyregarditasanecessaryTheythinkitdoesmoreharmthanTheyconsideritunfairtomiddle-classWhydoesn’tAlleghenyCollegentodropmeritaidRaisingtuitionshavemadecollegeunaffordableformiddle-classWith es,fewerstudentsareapplyingforneed-basedManystudents efamilieshavecometorelyon eshavedisqualifiedmanystudentsforneed-basedAnnualrenewalofacademicmeritscholarshipsdependsonwhethertherecipients Applicantsforathleticmeritscholarshipsneeda mendationfromacoachorarefereewho theirexceptionalathleticperformance.Applicantsforicmeritscholarshipsmustproduceevidencetoshowtheir aparticularicfieldPartⅢListeningComprehension(35Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichthebestansweris.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions11to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)Getsomesmallchange.B)FindashopC)Cashacheckatabank.D)FindaparkingA)Shopwithhisson.B)BuyingagiftforaC)Promotinganewproduct.D)BargainingwithaA)Takingphotographs.B)EnhancingC)Mendingcameras.D)PaintingA)HemovedtoBaltimorewhenhewasHecanprovidelittleusefulHewillshowthewomanaroundHewillasksomeoneelsetohelptheA)Heisratherdisappointed.B)HeishighlyC)Hecan’tfaceuptothesituationD)HeknowshisownA)Shemusthavepaida B)SheisknowntohaveaterrificHergymexercisehasyieldedgoodHerefforttokeepfitisreallyA)FemalestudentsareunfitforstudyingHecanserveasthewoman’sPhysicsisanimportantcourseatTheprofessor’ssuggestionisA)Indifferent.B)Doubtful.C)Pleased.D)Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)Heprefersthesmallereveningclasses.B)HehassignedupforadayC)Hehastoworkduringtheday.D)HefindstheeveningcourseA)Learnacomputerlanguage.B)LearndataC)Buysomecomputersoftware.D)BuyafewA)Thursdayevening,from7:00to9:45.B)FromSeptember1toNewYear’sC)EveryMonday,lastingfor12weeks.D)Threehoursaweek,45hoursinA)Whattobringforregistration.B)WheretoattendtheC)HowhecangettoFrostHall.D)Whetherhecanuseacheck.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Atrainingcoach.B)AtradingC)Aprofessionalmanager.D)AfinancialA)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.B)HeconsiderscookingC)Hecanenjoyhealthierfood.D)Hethinkstake-awayis A)Itissomething B)ItisfrustratingC)Ittakespatienceto D)ItcanbeagoodSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Therewerenonetswithoutmoons.B)TherewasnoairorwateronC)Lifewasnotpossibleinouterspace.D)ThemysteryoflifecouldnotbeA)Ithasanumberofactivevolcanoes.B)IthasanatmosphereliketheC)Ithasalargeoceanunderitssurface.D)Ithasdeepcaves A)Lightisnotanessentialelementtoit.B)LifecanforminveryhotC)Everyformoflifeundergoesevolution.D)OxygenisnotneededforsomelifePassageQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)WhethertheyshouldtakethechildWhatDr.Mayer’sinstructionsexactlyWhoshouldtakecareofthechildatWhenthechildwouldcompleyA)SheencouragesthemtoaskquestionswheninShemakesthemwritedownallherShehasthemactoutwhattheyaretodoatSheasksthemtorepeatwhattheyaresupposedtoA)Itlacksthestabilityoftheprintedword.B)Itcontainsmany ticalC)Itisheavilydependentonthecontext.D)ItfacilitatesPassageQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Jobsecurity.B)GoodlabourC)Challengingwork.D)AttractivewagesandA)ManytediousjobscontinuetobedoneMoreandmoreunskilledworkerswillloseComputerswillchangethenatureofmanyBoringjobswillgraduallybemadeA)OfferthemchancesofImprovetheirworkingEncouragethemtocompetewitheachGivethemresponsibilitiesaspartofaA)TheywillnotbringrealbenefitstotheTheyconcernasmallnumberofpeopleTheyarearbitrarilysetbytheTheyarebeyondthecontrolofordinarySectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Inthehumanities,authorswritetoinformyouinmanyways.Thesemethodscanbe intothreetypesofinformationalwriting:factual,descriptive,andFactualwritingprovides(37) informationonanauthor,composer,or oronatypeofmusic,liture,orart.Examplesoffactualwritingincludenotesonabookjacketor coverandlongerpieces,suchasanarticledescribingastyleofmusicwhichyoumightreadinamusic(39) course.Thiskindofwritingprovidesa(40) foryourstudyofthehumanities.Asitsname(41) ,descriptivewritingsimplydescribes,orprovidesan(42) apieceofmusic,art,orliture.Forexample,descriptivewritingmightlistthecolorsanusedinapaintingorthe(43) acomposerincludedinamusicalcomposition,soastomakepicturesorsoundsinthereader’smindbycallingupspecificdetailsofthework.(44) Processwritingexinsaseriesofactionsthatbringaboutaresult.(45) .Thiskindofwritingisoftenfoundinart,whereunderstandinghowanarthascreatedacertaineffectisimportant.(46) PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingInfamilieswithtwoworkingparents,fathersmayhavemoreimpactonachild’slanguagedevelopmentthanmothers,anewstudysuggests.Researchers4792familiesform11childcarecentersbeforetheirchildrenwereayearold,interviewingeachtoestablish e,levelofeducationandchildcarearrangements.Overall,itwasagroupofwell-classfamilies,withmarriedparentsbothlivinginthehome.Whenthechildrenwere2,researcherstapedthemathomein-ysessionswithbothparents,48alloftheirspeech.ThestudywillappearintheNovemberissueofTheJournalofAppliedDevelopmentalPsychology.Thescientistsmeasuredthe49numberofutnce(话语)oftheparents,thenumberdifferentwordstheyused,thecomplexityoftheirsentencesandother50oftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathersspokelessthanmothersdid,buttheydidnotdifferinthelengthofutncesproportionofquestionsFinally,theresearchers51thechildren’sspeechatage3,usingastandardizedlanguagetest.Theonlypredictorsofhighscoresonthetestwerethemother’slevelofeducation,the52ofchildcareandthenumberofdifferentwordsthefatherused.Theresearchersare53whythefather’sspeech,andnotthemother’s,hadan“It’swell54thatthemother’slanguagedoeshaveanimpact,”saidNadyaPancsofar,theleadauthorofthestudy.Itcouldbethatthehigh-functioningmothersinthestudyhad55hadastronginfluenceontheirchildren’sspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofarsaid,“oritmaybethatmothersare56inawaywedidn’tmeasureinthestudy.”already yzedC)aspectsD)charactersE)contributingF)G)establishedH)qualityI)quotedJ)recordingK)recruitedL)M)unconsciousN)unsureO)SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingThroughoutthislong,tenseelection,everyonehasfocusedontheialcandidatesandhowthey’llchangeAmerica.Rightlyso,butselfishly,I’mmorefascinatedbyMiceObamaandwhatshemightbeabletodo,notjustforthiscountry,butformeasanAfrican-Americanwoman.AsthepotentialFirstLady,shewouldhavetheworld’sattention.AndthatmeansthatforthefirsttimepeoplewillhaveachancetogetupcloseandalwiththetypeofAfrican-Americanwomantheysorarelysee.Usually,thelivesofblackwomengolargelyunexamined.Theprevailingtheoryseemstobethatwe’reallhot-temperedsinglemotherswhocan’tkeepaman.Evenintheworldofmake-believe,blackwomenstillcan’tescapethestereotypeofbeingeye-rolling,overedfemalesraisedbyournever-married,alcoholic(酗酒的)mothers.Theseimageshavehelpeddefinethewayallwomenareviewed,includingMiceObama.Beforesheevergetsthechancetocommittoacause,charityorfoundationasFirstLady,hermosturgentandperhapsmostcomplicateddutymaybesimpletobeherself.Itwon’tbeeasy.Becausefewmainstreampublicationshavedonein-depthfeaturesregularAfrican-Americanwomen,littleisknownaboutwhoweare,whatwethinkandwhatwefaceonaregularbasis.Forbetterorworse,Micewillrepresentusall.Justasshewillhavehercritics,shewillalsohavemillionsoffanswhousuallyhavelittleinterestintheFirstLady.ManyAfrican-Americanblogshavewrittenaboutwhatthey’dliketoseeMicebringtotheWhiteHouse—mainlyshowingtheworldthatablackwomancansupporthermanandraiseastrongblackfamily.Micewillhavetoworktopleaseeveryone—animpossibletask.ButformanyAfrican-Americanwomenlikeme,justalittleofherpoise(沉着),confidenceandinligencewillgoalongwayinchanginganimagethat’sbeenaroundforfartoolong.WhydoesMiceObamaholdastrongfascinationfortheSheservesasarolemodelforAfricanShepossessesmanyadmirable ingaFirstShewillpresenttotheworldanewimageofAfrican-AmericanShewillpaycloserattentiontotheinterestsofAfrican-AmericanWhatisthecommonstereotypeofAfrican-AmericanwomenaccordingtotheTheyarevictims .B)Theyareofan C)Theyusequitealotofbodylanguage.D)TheyliveoncharityandsocialWhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanswriteaboutintheirWhether ecanliveuptothehighexpectationsofherHow eshouldbehaveasapublicHowproudtheyaretohaveablackwomanintheWhiteWhat eshoulddoaswifeandmotherintheWhiteWhatdoestheauthorsayabout eObamaasaFirstHowevermanyfansshehas,sheshouldremainSheshouldn’tdisappointtheAfrican-AmericanHoweverhardshetries,shecan’texpecttopleaseShewillgiveprioritytoAfrican-Americanwomen’sWhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanwomenhopeMiceObamawillHelpchangetheprevailingviewaboutblackHelpherhusbandinthetaskofchangingOutshinepreviousFirstFullydisyherfinePassageQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingWhennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface;AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教务长)ofYale,who’ll eOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequivalenttouniversityinHamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc,havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhas eabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-level neltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanew,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestateernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardultimaypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活动家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitys:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentonernmentfunding. ernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumber.Thedeclineinernmentsupporthasmadefunding-raisinganincreasingnecessaryabilityamongadministratorsandhashiringcommitteeshungryforInthepastfewyears,prominentschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition.”Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindofpromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshonestablishedpractices.WhatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedintheInstitutionsworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheAlotofpoliticalactivistsarebeingrecruitedasAmericanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalUniversitysarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-levelThepoliticalcorrectness.B)TheirabilitytoraiseC)Theirfameinacademiccircles.D)TheiradministrativeWhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromtheThetuitionstheychargehavebeenrisingTheiroperationisunderstricternmentTheyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyMostoftheirrevenuescomefromtheCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchiefly shewasknowntobegoodatraisingshecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithsheknewhowtoattractstudentsshehadboostedYale’sacademicInwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversityTheycanenhancetheuniversity’sTheywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalTheywillviewalotofthingsfromanewTheycansetupnewacademicPartⅤCloze(15Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordingtoanewstudyonpopulationpublishedrecently.Thecurrentpeopleapproachwhich67onyoungerpeopleandonskillsforemploymentisnot68tomeetthechallengesofdemographic(人口结构的changeitsays.Only1%oftheeducationbudgetis69spentontheoldestthirdofthepopulation.The70includethefactthatmostpeoplecanexpecttospendathirdoftheirlivesin71,thattherearenowmorepeopleover59thanunder16andthat11.3millionpeopleare72statepension“73needstocontinuethroughoutlife.Ourhistoricconcentrationofattentionresources74youngpeoplecannotmeetthenew75,”saysthereport’sauthor,ProfessorStephenThemajor76ofoureducationbudgetisspentonpeoplebelowtheageof25.77peoplearechangingtheirjobs,78,partnersandlifestylesmoreoftenthan79,theyneedopportunitiestolearnateveryage80,somepeoplearestartingnewcareersintheir50sandlater.Peopleneedopportunitiestomakea“midlifereview”to81tothelaterstageoflife,andtonforthetransition(过渡)82retirement,whichmaynowhappen83atanypointfrom50toover90,saysMcNair.Andthereshouldbemoremoney84tosupportpeopleinestablishinga85ofidentityandfindingconstructive86forthe“thirdage”,the20ormoreyearstheywillspendinhealthyretiredA)operatesB)focusesC)countsD)A)superiorB)regularC)essentialD)A)currentlyB)barelyC)anxiouslyD)A)regulationsB)obstaclesC)challengesD)A)enjoymentB)retirementC)stabilityD)A)overB)afterC)acrossD)A)IndentifyingB)LearningC)InstructingD)A)atB)byC)inD)A)desiresB)reaC)needsD)A)measureB)ratioC)areaD)A)WhenB)UntilC)WhetherD)A)neighborsB)moodsC)homesD)A)ageB)everC)previouslyD)A)ForexampleB)BycontrastC)InparticularD)OnA)transformB)yieldC)adjustD)A)withinB)fromC)beyondD)A)unfairlyB)unpredictablyC)instantlyD)A)reliableB)considerableC)availableD)A)senseB)conscienceC)projectD)A)ranksB)assetsC)idealsD)PartVITranslation(5Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishthegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.Youwouldnothavefailedifyou Despitethehardshipheencountered,Marknever Scientistsagreethatitwillbealongtime Productionhastobeincreasedconsiderablyto Themoreexerciseyou 2009年12月大四级考试答案详PartⅠ，一感到难以把握，考生可以从作文提纲入手进行分析以获取对“绿色校园”这一概念的2，可以看出此处的“绿色校园”指的决不仅仅是青青的草地和高解概念的基础上，考生还应对“绿色校园”的重要性进行剖析，这时，考生可以从多个角CreatingaGreenRecently,withtheideaofmakingandmaintaining“agreenearth”beingthefocusofthesociety,“greencampus”has eamoreandmorepopularconceptinuniversitiesorcolleges,which,undoubtedly,willbringusanever-lastingbenefittobothourcampusandoursociety.Theconceptof“greencampus”doesnotonlymeanagreenenvironmentbutalsoreferstoanenvironmentalsenseinpeople’smind.Campusysacrucialroleineducatingtheyounggenerationandtheconsciousnessof“greencampus”willdefiniyproduceaprofoundeffectonstudents’variousenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesaftertheirgraduation.What’smore,theyounggenerationisundertheburdenofsevereenvironmentalpollutionandtherearemanyproblemswaitingforthemtosolve.Tomake“greencampus”cometrue,firstly,itisnecessarytoworkouteffectiveprinciplesforthedevelopmentofsustainableandrecyclablecampus.Secondly,itcallsforpeople’sawarenessoftheseriouspollutionaroundusandactualactiontoreducethewaste.Lastbutnotleast,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetiesbetweencampusandsociety,soastoensurethat“greencampus”canworksmoothlywiththeco-effortofthewholesociety.更为重要的是，年轻一代着严重的环境污染，有太多问题们去解决。【生动的用词】maintain保持;concept概念;profound长远的;sustainable可持续的;recyclable可循环的。【丰富的短语】bringbenefitto带来利益;yacrucialrolein发挥关键作用;undertheburdenof在……重负下;cometrue实现;callfor要求。刚刚闭幕的世界气候大会使环保减排这个成为焦点在全世界都提倡可持续发必须考虑的。另外开篇时，切忌拖泥带水，应直截了当，使阅卷老师对文章一目了然。正确拼写词性及词义错误的拼写focusn.effectn.effectionenvironmentn.envirment/invironmentburdenn.负担burdonsolvev.解决sloveseriousa.seroustruea.真的turesocietyn.soceitytheoryn.理论theryrealize→beawareofWe’dbetterbeawareoftheseriousnessofpollutionaroundus.我们最好周围污染keeppreserveItisnecessarytoeducatethestudentstobeconsciousoftheimportancetopreservetheenvironment.有必要教育学生保护环境的重要性。leadconductThiswillhelpconducttheactivitiesofthecollegestudents.Theideaof“agreencampusisbeyondagreenenvironment.“绿色校园”绝不仅仅Theconstructionof“agreencampus”willgreatlystimulatestudentstotakepartinvariousenvironmentalprotectionactivities.Tobring“agreencampus”toitsfully,effectivemeasuresshouldbetaken.为全面Campusconstructionisofvitalimportancenotonlytothephysicaldevelopmentofstudentsbuttotheirmentalhealthaswell.校园建设不仅对学生的身体发展很重要，而且对他Thereislittledoubtthatfurtherconsiderationmustbepaidtoourgreencampus.毫无疑问，对于绿色校园应该给与的思考。devastationn.毁 disastrousa.损失惨重doomv.厄运， existencen.存在，生活healthfula.健康 messya.肮脏的，凌乱participationn.，参 preservev.保存，保preventivea.预防性 purifyv.澄清，净stimulationn.激励，鼓舞 arouseconsciousness唤起意识本次作文中获取高分除了审题恰当独到还要有扎实的语言基础如本文绿色校园”可以采用多种表达：greencampus和environmental-friendlycampus;“绿色校园的构建”可以create，buildup，establish和construct等，以体现考生对词汇多样性的积累。要意义地立足总结规律切实提高自己语言能力始终是四级作文备考的根本PartⅡReadingComprehension(Skimmingandaidn.①帮助，②助手v.帮助，【用】financialaid经济;meritaid/Merit-based奖学金;need-basedaid助学金或经济资助;foreignaid外援对外;hearingaid助;aidsandappliances用具，设备【搭】inaidto用来帮助起……作用;leadone’said(to)给予帮助;inaidof作为……之【拓】aidancen.协助，帮助;aidanta.帮助的;aideda.辅助的projectv.n.【用ProjectHope希望工程;projectmanager项目经理;projectn项目规划;project项目预算，工程预算【拓】projectionn.突出，发射;projectinga.selectivea. v.a.精选的;selectionn.packagen.包裹;套装软件，程序包a.【用】packagedesign包装设计;packageagreement一揽子安排，一揽子方案;package作统一规定和安排的旅游);packageprogram组装程序【拓】packn.v.包装，压紧;packageda.袋装的;packagern.打包机rankinga.头等的;n.【用】rankinglist;rankingmethod等级法，排序【拓】rankn.等级;队列;v.grantv.;n.【用】grantofapatent授予专利权【搭】take…forgranted认为……是理所当然;Granted/Grantingthat即使……(也)【拓】grantsn.金，津贴(grant的复数)enrolv.【搭】enrolin选课，参加【拓】enrollmentn.登记，入伍;enrolleen.eliminatev.【用】eliminateillicy扫盲;eliminatepoverty消除贫困;eliminatenoiseeliminate是指把已进入者从中排除;excludev.指把想进入者拒qualifyv.使具有资格，证明……合格【用】qualifyingexamination资格考试，初试;qualifyingcompetition预选赛，资格赛【搭】qualifyas取得……资格，作为……合适;qualifyfor有……的资格，合格【拓】qualifieda.有资格的，合格的excelv.n.计算机]【搭】toexcelin/at在某方面)胜过(或超过)别人;toexcelinmusicexcellenta.极好的，卓越的;excellencen.submitv.使服从，提交【用】submitoneselftodiscipline遵守纪律;submitregistration提交登记表，提交【搭】submitto服从;submit…to将……呈交给【拓】submissionn.【原题译文】随着越来越多的低收入学生追求高等教育，一些学院【快速解题本题的题干是moreandmore estudents和pursuinghigher【篇章分析】原文第二段“Butwith estudentsprojectedtomakeupanever-largershareofthecollege-boundpopulationincomingyears,someschoolsarere-examiningwhetherthataid,typicallyknownasmeritaid,isthemosteffectiveuseofpreciousinstitutionaldollars.”原文中with estudentsprojectedtomakeupanever-largershareofthecollege-boundpopulation和题干中withmoreandmore estudentspursuinghighereducation意思一致;原文中re-examining和B选项中revise意思相同。所以答案为B。D【快速解题】本题的题干是大学名称AlleghenyCollegeinMeadville和do，由【篇章分析】原文第三段“GeorgeWashingtonUniversityinWashington,D.C.,forexample,