考研英一阅读真题

考研英一阅读真题语法和词汇是阅读的基础，但是并不是说你语法特别好，词汇量特别大，阅读英文文章就没有问题。所以我们在复习的时候要有意识地提升阅读力量，尤其要令你的阅读力量契合于考研英语要求。下文是我为你细心编辑整理的考研英一阅读真题，盼望对你有所关心，更多内容，请点击相关我查看，感谢!

考研英一阅读真题1

Anyfair-mindedassessmentofthedangersofthedealbetweenBritainsNationalHealthService(NHS)andDeepMindmuststartbyacknowledgingthatbothsidesmeanwell.DeepMindisoneoftheleadingartificialintelligence(AI)paniesintheworld.Thepotentialofthisworkappliedtohealthcareisverygreat,butitcouldalsoleadtofurtherconcentrationofpowerinthetechgiants.ItIsagainstthatbackgroundthattheinformationmissioner,ElizabethDenham,hasissuedherdamningverdictagainsttheRoyalFreehospitaltrustundertheNHS,whichhandedovertoDeepMindtherecordsof1.6millionpatientsIn2024onthebasisofavagueagreementwhichtookfartoolittleaccountofthepatientsrightsandtheirexpectationsofprivacy.

DeepMindhasalmostapologized.TheNHStrusthasmendeditsways.Furtherarrangements-andtheremaybemany-betweentheNHSandDeepMindwillbecarefullyscrutinisedtoensurethatallnecessarypermissionshavebeenaskedofpatientsandallunnecessarydatahasbeencleaned.Therearelessonsaboutinformedpatientconsenttolearn.Butprivacyisnottheonlyangleinthiscaseandnoteventhemostimportant.MsDenhamchosetoconcentratetheblameontheNHStrust,sinceunderexistinglawit“controlled”thedataandDeepMindmerely“processedit.Butthisdistinctionmissesthepointthatitisprocessingandaggregation,notthemerepossessionofbits,thatgivesthedatavalue.

Thegreatquestioniswhoshouldbenefitfromtheanalysisofallthedatathatourlivesnowgenerate.Privacylawbuildsontheconceptofdamagetoanindividualfromidentifiableknowledgeaboutthem.Thatmissesthewaythesurveillanceeconomyworks.Thedataofanindividualtheregainsitsvalueonlywhenitisparedwiththedataofcountlessmillionsmore.

Theuseofprivacylawtocurbthetechgiantsinthisinstancefeelsslightlymaladapted.Thispracticedoesnotaddresstherealworry.ItisnotenoughtosaythatthealgorithmsDeepMinddevelopswillbenefitpatientsandsavelives.Whatmattersisthattheywillbelongtoaprivatemonopolywhichdevelopedthemusingpublicresources.Ifsoftwarepromisestosavelivesonthescalethatdugsnowcan,bigdatamaybeexpectedtobehaveasabigpharmhasdone.Wearestillatthebeginningofthisrevolutionandsmallchoicesnowmayturnouttohavegiganticconsequenceslater.Alongstrugglewillbeneededtoavoidafutureofdigitalfeudalism.MsDenhamsreportisawelestart.

31.WhaistrueoftheagreementbetweentheNHSandDeepMind?

Itcausedconflictsamongtechgiants.

Itfailedtopaydueattentiontopatient’srights.

Itfellshortofthelattersexpectations

Itputbothsidesintoadangeroussituation.

32.TheNHStrustrespondedtoDenhamsverdictwith

emptypromises.

toughresistance.

necessaryadjustments.

sincereapologies.

33.TheauthorarguesinParagraph2that

privacyprotectionmustbesecuredatallcosts.

leakingpatientsdataisworsethansellingit.

makingprofitsfrompatientsdataisillegal.

thevalueofdataesfromtheprocessingofit

34.Accordingtothelastparagraph,therealworryarisingfromthisdealis

theviciousrivalryamongbigpharmas.

theineffectiveenforcementofprivacylaw.

theuncontrolleduseofnewsoftware.

themonopolyofbigdatabytechgiants.

35.TheauthorsattitudetowardtheapplicationofAItohealthcareis

ambiguous.

cautious.

appreciative.

contemptuous.

考研英一阅读真题2

ThejournalScienceisaddinganextrasourceatPeer-reviewprocess,editor-in-chiefMarciaMcNottannouncedtoday.TheFollowssimilareffortsfromotherjournals,afterwidespreadconcernthatMistakesindataanalysisarecontributingtothePublishedresearchfindings.

Readersmusthaveconfidenceintheconclusionspublishedinourjournal,writesMcNuttinaneditorial.WorkingwiththeAmericanStatisticalAssociation,theJournalhasappointedsevenexpertstoastatisticsboardofreviewingManuscriptwillbeflaggedupforadditionalscrutinybytheJournalseditors,orbyitsexistingBoardofReviewingEditorsorbyoutsidepeerTheSBoREpanelwillthenfindexternalstatisticianstoreviewthese

Askedwhetheranyparticularpapershadimpelledthechange,McNuttsaid,ThecreationofthestatisticsboardwasmotivatedbyconcernsbroadlywiththeapplicationofstatisticsanddataanalysisinscientificresearchandispartofSciencesoveralldrivetoincreasereproducibilityintheresearchwepublish.

GiovanniParmigiani，abiostatisticianattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,amemberoftheSBoREgroup,saysheexpectstheboardtoplayprimarilyonadvisoryrole.HeagreedtojoinbecausehefoundtheforesightbehindtheestablishmentoftheSBoREtobenovel,uniqueandlikelytohavealastingimpact.ThisimpactwillnotonlybethroughthepublicationsinScienceitself,buthopefullythroughalargergroupofpublishingplacesthatmaywanttomodeltheirapproachafterScience.

JohnIoannidis,aphysicianwhostudiesresearchmethodology,saysthatthepolicyisamostwelestepforwardandlongoverdue,Mostjournalsareweakinstatisticalreview，andthisdamagesthequalityofwhattheypublish.Ithinkthat,forthemajorityofscientificpapersnowadays,statisticalreviewismoreessentialthanexpertreview,hesays.ButhenotedthatbiomedicaljournalssuchasAnnalsofInternalMedicine,theJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationandTheLancetpaystrongattentiontostatisticalreview.

Professionalscientistsareexpectedtoknowhowtoanalyzedata,butstatisticalerrorsarealarminglymoninpublishedresearch，accordingtoDavidVaux，acellbiologist.Researchersshouldimprovetheirstandards,hewrotein2024，butjournalsshouldalsotakeatougherline，engagingreviewerswhoarestatisticallyliterateandeditorswhocanverifytheprocess.VauxsaysthatSciencesideatopasssomepaperstostatisticianshassomemerit，butaweaknessisthatitreliesontheboardofreviewingeditorstoidentifythepapersthatneedscrutinyinthefirstplace.

31.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphIthat

Scienceintendstosimplifyitspeer-reviewprocess.

journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks.

fewjournalsareblamedformistakesindataanalysis.

lackofdataanalysisismoninresearchprojects.

32.Thephraseflaggedup(Para.2)istheclosestinmeaningto

found.

revised.

marked

stored

33.GiovanniParmigianibelievesthattheestablishmentoftheSBoREmay

poseathreattoallitspeers

meetwithstrongopposition

increaseSciencescirculation.

setanexampleforotherjournals

34.DavidVauxholdsthatwhatScienceisdoingnow

A.addstoresearchersworklosd.

B.diminishestheroleofreviewers.

C.hasroomforfurtherimprovement.

D.istofailintheforeseeablefuture.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.ScienceJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapers

B.ProfessionalStatisticiansDeserveMoreRespect

C.DataAnalysisFindsItsWayontoEditorsDesks

D.StatisticiansAreComingBackwithScience

考研英一阅读真题3

Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketopandemicflutoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.

Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears-sowhyshouldntwe?Takeabroaderlookatourspeciesplaceintheuniverse,anditbeesclearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears(see100,000AD:Livinginthedeepfuture).LookupHomosapiensintheIUCNsRedListofthreatenedspecies,andyouwillread:ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.

Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganisationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundation,basedinSanFrancisco,hascreatedaforumwherethinkersandscientistsareinvitedtoprojecttheimplicationsoftheirideasoververylongtimescales.Itsflagshipprojectisamechanicalclock,burieddeepinsideamountaininTexas,thatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.

Thentherearescientistswhoaregivingseriousconsiderationtotheideathatweshouldrecogniseanewgeologicalera:theAnthropocene.They,too,arepullingthecamerarightbackandaskingwhathumanitysimpactwillbeontheplanet-inthecontextofstratigraphictime.

Perhapsperversely,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.Thepotentialevolutionoftodaystechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlinglyplicated,anditsperhapsbestlefttoscience-fictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilitieswecanenvisage.ThatsonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicatedtothenearfuture.

Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatternsshapingthehistoryoftheplanet,andourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituationsinwhichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.

Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy:whileourspeciesmayflourish,agreatmanyindividualsmaynot.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtomitigatemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetoe.Thinkingaboutourplaceindeeptimeisagoodwaytofocusonthechallengesthatcon