四级技巧听力专题短对话

题型概览分值时间对话部分短对话每段1轮对话+l个问题15%35分钟长对话2段；每段5-8轮对话+3～4个问题短文部分短文理解2段；每段5-8轮对话+3～4个问题20%短文听写3篇；每篇3～4个问题，共10个问题短对话专题Section

1

Introduction1.短对话题型分析与设题特点短对话是历年四级考试的必考题型。包括8个短对话（仅有一个

回合的男女对话），每组短对话后提出一个简短问题。短对话按题型分类主要有地点题、人物关系或身份职业题、数字计算题、请求和建议题、判断推理题、因果关系题、词汇和习惯用语理解题、观点态度题等。四级听力短对话主题基本是与生活息息相关，不会很偏，都是大家熟悉的生活类话题，如校园生活、工作职场、娱乐活动、旅游交通、疾病健康、饮食起居、天气气候、购物装饰等。近年来，短对话集中考察细节理解和简单的推断，在设题方式上表现在答案与原文对应部分进行了同义替换或者转述。这也增加了听力短对话的难度，否定了考生“听到什么选什么”的做题思路，需要大家能基本听懂。2.一般情况下，四级听力短对话的模板如下：A：

1

（提出话题）B：

2

(衔接过渡句或者单词），

3

（主旨观点和设题区）．对话中,1部分往往是发起一段对话的话题，2部分往往是过渡衔接语。3部分有时有but有时没有but，但往往是答话者的观点看法，常常是设题重点。Section

2

六种必考题型解密根据答案内容的不同，四级听力短对话可分为观点态度题、行为活动题、事实状况题、地点场景题、谈论话题题和身份关系题六大类。题目类型不同，提问的角度和方式也不同。问题是关于谈话一方对另一方或第三方的行为、品德、观点等的态度或评价。此类题的选项中多有表示建议的情态动词

should，或有表示感情色彩的词语。提问方式通常为：What

does

the

woman/man

mean/imply?How

does

the

woman/man

feel

about.

.

.?What

does

the

woman/man

think

of.

.？一·观点态度题例1(13-6.1-18)The

woman

came

to

the

concert

at

the

man’s

request.The

man

is

already

fed

up

with

playing

the

piano.The

piece

of

music

the

man

played

is

very

popular.The

man’s

unique

talents

are

the

envy

of

many

people.例1(13-6.1-18)The

woman

came

to

the

concert

at W:I

really

enjoy

that

piece

you

justthe

man’s

request. played

on

the

piano.

I

bet

you

get

a

lotThe

man

is already

fed

up with

of

requests

for

it.playing

the

piano. M:You

said

it.

People

just

can’t

getwe

learn

from

theThe

piece

of

music

the

man

played

is

enoughof

it.very

popular.

Q:What

doThe

man’s

unique

talents

are

the

conversation？envy

of

many

people.【解析】本对话涉及对男士所弹曲子的评价。女士说一定有很多人要求男士弹那首曲子(alotofrequestsforit)，男士说的确（Yousaidit），并说人们就是对它百听不厌（can’tgetenoughofit）。由此可知男士弹的那首曲子很受欢迎，故答案为C.[例2][13-6.2-11]Children

should

be

taught

to

be

more

careful.Children

shouldn’t

drink

so

much

orange

juice.There

is

no

need

for

the

man

to

make

such

a

fuss.Timmy

should

learn

to

do

things

in

the

right

way.[例2][13-6.2-11]Children

should

be

taught

tobe

morecareful.Children

shouldn’t

drink

so

muchorange

juice.Thereis

no

need

forthe

man

to

makesuch

a

fuss.Timmy

should

learn

to

do

things

inthe

right

way.M:

I

don’t

knowwhat

to

do

with.Timmy:

This

morning

I

found

orangejuice

spilt

all

over

the

kitchenfloor.W:

Don’t

be

so

hard

on

him.

He’s

only

four.

Q:

What

does

the

woman

mean?[解析]对话涉及两人对Timmy的态度。男士向女士抱怨Timmy把厨房的地板上弄得到处都是橙汁，女士告诉男士不要对Timmy要求太严了(Don’t

be

so

hard

onhim），他才四岁。由此可推知女士觉得男士没必要对小孩子的错误大惊小怪，故答案为C）。make

a

fuss意为“大惊小怪，小题大做”。答题技巧总结1.

听音前根据选项特点判断问题类型。观点态度题的选项中一般都含有一些引出观点态度的动词或短语，常见的如：think,

believe,find,

guess,

imagine,consider等动词以及doubtful,optimistic,favorable等形容词。根据类线索词判断出试题类型以后，可以更有针对性地留意说话人对自己观点态度的陈述。2.

听音时注意把握说话人的语气。很多时候说话的语气会明显地体现出说话人的观点或态度。因此，听音时应注意通过反问、疑问、感叹等特殊语气来判断说话人的观点或态度。答题技巧总结答题技巧总结表示批评或讽刺:critical，criticize，ironic，findfault

with表示失望或灰心：disappointed，discouraged表示后悔或遗憾：regret，regretful，pity，shame表

示

漠

然

或

热

情

：

indifferent

，

detached,

careless,enthusiastic,

warm-hearted表示积极或消极：active，positive，negative表示自信或自负：confident，arrogant，proud熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语：表示害怕或担心：fearful，frightened，worried，nervous，表示赞成:

approve,

agree,

share,

prefer,

wise,

reasonable,upsetfavorable表示反对:

disapprove,

disagree,

unwise,

ridiculous,

foolish,childishly表示赞赏：admire，appreciate，think

much/highly

of表示喜欢:

love,

enjoy,

wonderful,

fascinating,

funny, be

fondof, be

keen

on表示厌烦：dislike,

bored/boring, be

tired

of，be

sick

of表示关心：concerned,

carefully care

about表示乐观或悲观：optimistic，pessimistic表示怨恨或生气：hate，hatred，angry，anger，irritated二、行为活动题此类题的问题是关于谈话的一方或双方做过、正在做、准备去做什么，或一方建议另一方去做什么。四个选项一般均为表示行为动作的动词短语、不定式短语或现在分词短语。提问方式通常为：What

will

the

man/woman

most

probably

do?What

are

the

speakers

probably

going/trying

todo?What

does

the

woman

suggest

the

man

do?例3

[13-6.2-14]Committing

theft.Taking

pictures.Window

shopping.Posing

for

the

camera.例3

[13-6.2-14]Committing

theft.Taking

pictures.Window

shopping.Posing

for

the

camera.M: I’m

sorry,

Miss,

but

you

have

to

come

with

meto

the

security

office.

The

video

cameras

in

ourshop

have

recorded

everything

you

did.W:

No,

no…

I…

I

didn’t

do

anything.

I’Il

call

thepolice

if

you

dareinsult

me.Q: What

does

the

man

think

the

woman

was

doing?[解析]行为活动题，本题考查某人正在做的事。男士要求女士跟他去保卫处（the

security

office），并说商店里的摄像机已经把女士的行为都录下来了(recordedeverythingyoudid)。由此可推知男士认为女士正在商店里偷东西，故答案为A)。答题技巧总结1.

听前根据选项特点判断题型。一般来说，这类题的选项一般都是动词短语，其中动词大为原形或动名词形式。答题技巧总结2.

听音时注意与选项中动词相关的信息。听音时留意动词的同时，要记录一些与该动词相关的重要信息，尤其是在不止一个选项中的动词在对话中出现的时候，只有留意与动词相关的信息，才能根据问题对号入座。3.

听音时捕捉表示请求或建议的句式。行为活动题的对话中经常会包含提出请求或建议的句式，如：

Why

don’t

You…?

What

about…’l

Let’s…;

You’d

better…;

lf

Iwere

you,

I

would…;l’d

like

to…；You

might

as

well.…等，这些句式后面的内容有可能就是建议去做或准备去做的行为活动，很可能与答案直接相关，听音时需重点留意。答题技巧总结三、事实状况题问题是关于谈话的一方或双方说了什么、所处状态、做某事的原因何在、结果如何等。提问方式通常为：What

do

we

learn

from

this

conversation?What

do

we

know

about

the

man/woman

from

the

conversation?What

can

be

inferred

from

the

conversation?[例4][12-12.1-13]She

talked

with

Mr.Wright

on

the

phone.She

is

about

to

call

Mr.

Wright’s

secretary.She

will

see

Mr.

Wright

at

lunch

time.She

failed

to

reach

Mr.

Wright.[例4][12-12.1-13]She

talked

with

Mr.

Wright

on M:

Hi

Jenny.

Have

you

talked

tothe

phone.

Mr.

Wright

about

the

new

sportsShe

is

about

to

call

Mr.

program?Wright’s

secretary.

W:

Well,

I

contacted

his

officeC)She

will

see

Mr.

Wright

at

half

anlunch

time.

secretaryD)She

failed

to

reach

Mr.

Wright.hour

ago,

and

hissaid

he

was

out

forlunch

until

2:00.Q:

What

does

the

woman

mean？[解析]事实状况题。男士问女士是否与Mr.Wright谈过新的体育课程，女士说她半小时前给Mr.Wright的办公室打过电话，但是他的秘书说他出去吃午饭了，要2点后才回来，可见事实情况是她没能联系上Mr.Wright，故答案为D)。答题技巧总结听音前捕捉选项中的关键词听音前应提取选项要点，确定听音时应该捕捉的重点内容。一般来说某事的原因或结果常为考查重点。听音时简单记录关键信息点。听音时应结合选项要点对重点信息加以记录，然后根据问题对号入座。做答时切忌违背常理。这类题的对话多与日常生活联系紧密，听到线索词语时要大胆按照常理或常识去判断，而不要过多设想一些有违常理的事情。正确选项一般不会是原文的细节再现。这类题经常需要考生根据对话内容推测出说话人话语中隐含的事实细节，因此正确选项大都不是对话内容的照搬，而是对话内容的同义转述，或是根据对话内容推断出的事实细节。答题技巧总结四、地点场景题此类题的问题是关于对话发生的场合、地点或者对话涉及到的人或事物所处的位置，四个选项均为地点场所。提问方式通常为：Where

is

the

conversation

most

probably

taking

place?Where

does

the

conversation

most

probably

take

place?Where

are

the

two

speakers

?[例5]（13-6.1-17

﹚At

an

information

service.At

a

car

wash

point.At

a

repair

shop.At

a

dry

cleaner’s.[例5]（13-6.1-17

﹚At

an

information

service.At

a

car

wash

point.At

a

repair

shop.At

a

dry

cleaner’s.M:

How

soon

do

you

think

thiscan

be

cleaned?W:

We

have

same-day

service,

sir.You

can

pick

up

your

suit

after

fiveo’clock.Q:

Where

does

the

conversationmost

probably

take

place?[解析]从选项即可判断本题考查对话发生的地点场景。抓住对话中的的cleaned，same-day

service“当日即取服务”，pick

up

yoursuit“取衣服”等关键词语，即不难推知，对话应该是发生在干洗店，故答案为D。答题技巧总结单个地点题：抓住与特定地点相关的常用词语。这类题的对话一般不会提到具体场所或某人的去向。解题的关键在于抓取关键信息词，即与特定地点或场景相关的常用词语。多个地点题：依赖笔记，留意提问中的核心词。这类题的对话经常会提到两个或两个以上的地点，问题是针对其中一个地点进行提问。解题的关键在于区分细节，速记与选项地点相关的细节内容，并注意抓住提问中的核心词。答题技巧总结3.

熟悉四级短对话中常考的地点场景。机场(at

the

airport

)书店(in

the

bookstore

or

bookshop

)飞机上(on

the

plane

)邮局（at

the

post

office）火车站(

at

the

railway

station

)

银行(

in

the

bank)理发店（at

thebarber’s）旅馆(in

the

hotel

)诊所或医院(1n

the

clinic

or

hospital)

学校或校园(

atschool

or

campus)五、谈论话题大题问题是关于对话所谈论的话题或对象，选项则为名词短语。提问方式通常为：What

are

they

talking

about?What

are

the

speakers

talking

about?[例6][13-6.2-2-12]Fitness

training.The

new

job

offer.Computer

programming.Directorship

of

the

club.[例6][13-6.2-2-12]Fitness

training.The

new

job

offer.Computer

programming.Directorship

of

the

club.W:

Excuse

me,

sir.

I

would

like

toknow

about

the

fitness

training

programme

in

your

club.M: l’II

have

you

speak

with

thedirectorin

charge

of

new

accounts.Q:

What

is

the

womaninterested

in?I解析1选项均为名词短语，且内容相对独立，故本题很可能考查对话谈论主题。女士向男士咨询俱乐部的健身训练项目(Iwould

like

to

know…fitness

training

programme)，故答案为A)。例7

[11-6-18]A

computer

game.An

imaginary

situation.An

exciting

experience.A

vacation

by

the

sea.例7

[11-6-18]A

computer

game.An

imaginary

situation.An

exciting

experience.A

vacation

by

the

sea.M:

Jane,

suppose

you

lost

all

yourmoney

while

taking

a,Vacation

overseas,

what

would

youdo?W:

Well,

I

guess I’d

sell my

watchor

computer

or

do

someodd

jobs

till

I

could

afford

a

returnplane

ticket.Q:

What

are

the

speakers

talkingabout?[解析]考查谈论话题。对话中，男士让女士假设她丟了所有的钱(Jane，suppose

you

lost

all

your

money…)以及女士的回答

Well,1guessl’d…（我想我会……）可知，对话双方谈论的是一个虚拟的场景，故答案为B）答题技巧总结1.听前根据选项特点判断问题类型。一般来说，这类题的选项的概括性都较强，且通常为名词性短语。另外，各选项所陈述的内容往往差别较大。2.听音时捕捉与话题相关的关键词只要能够捕捉到话题所涉及的某个或某些关键词语，往往就可以判断出对话谈论的内容。在平时训练中，应留意某类话题的常涉词语并加以记忆。答题技巧总结3.注意不要只从对话一方的话语中寻找答案。由于是考查谈话主题，因此双方的话语中都会含有与主题相关的线索词。六、身份关系题问题是关于对话中某个人物的职业、身份或对话双方的关系等。提问方式通常为：What’s

the

woman’s

job?What

most

probably

is

Mary?What

is

the

(most)

probable

relationship

between

the

(two)speakers?[例8](05--6--7)Teacher

and

student.Doctor

and

patient.Manager

and

office

worker.Travel

agent

and

customer.[例8](05--6--7)Teacher

and

student.Doctor

and

patient.Manager

and

officeworker.Travel

agent