2022-2023学年江苏省常州重点高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江苏省常州重点高一（下）期末英语试卷A

BUILTBYYOUChallenge

InthispostonourwebsiteofWiTech,weintroducesomedetailsabouttheBUILTBYYOUChallengeandwhyteensfromaroundtheworldshouldjoinit!

BUILTBYYOUisaninitiativethataimstoencourageandexposemorehighschoolgirlstocareersintechnology.

Readthewrite-upbelowfromtheBUILTBYYOUteamtolearnmoreaboutthechallenge!

WhoWe'reLookingFor

We'relookingforthenextgenerationof13-18yearsoldfemalestartupfoundersandchange-makers(you)whoarebuildingamobileapp,hardwaredevice,roboticsproject,game,orsomethingnoonehasinventedyet.Youcansubmitinuptoteamsof4.Feelfreetoapplywithyourprojectsfromyourprevioustechexperiencesorbuildoutanentirelynewidea.

WhatYouCouldWin

Youcouldwintheopportunitytopresentyourprojectinfrontofexpertteenagerjudges,tech/VCmoguls(大人物)andchangemakersduringalivePresentationDayinSanFranciscoonSeptember1.Winnersreceive＄10,000infunding,mentorshipandaboothatTechCrunchDisrupttotaketheirprojecttothenextlevel.

TheFounderofWiTech

AudreyPeisanincominghighschooljuniorfromthePhilippines.BecausecurrentPhilippinecurriculumislackingincomputerscienceeducation,Audreytaughtherselftoprogramusingavailableonlineresources.Asshepursuedherinterestinatechnologycareer,shefoundverylittlesupportandnofemalerolemodelswithintheindustry.WhileattendingtechconferencesAudreymetothergirlswithsimilarinterestsforthefirsttime.At15shegatheredateamofstudentsandfoundedWomeninTechnology(WiTech).WiTechisacommunityorganizationthateducates,inspiresandempowersyounggirlstobreakbarriersandusetechnologytomakepositivedifferencesinsociety.1.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthefactorsthatdeterminewhocanapply?A.Nationality. B.Occupation. C.Gender. D.Character.2.Whatwillparticipantsdo？A.Applywiththeirownprojects.

B.SubmittheirprojectsinSeptember.

C.Presenttheirprojectbeforetechmoguls.

D.Receivetenthousanddollarsinfunding.3.WhatcausedAudreyPetofoundWiTech?A.Requestsfromothergirls.

B.Thewishtosupportyoungfemales.

C.Lackofinterestinschooleducation.

D.Inspirationfromsimilarorganizations.B

"Sunshinemightbehealthierthanmostpeoplethink,outweighingtheriskofskincancer",Britishdoctorssuggestedlastweek.ThefourresearchersatBristolUniversitywereaccusedofweakeningyearsofcampaigningtowarnpeopleofthedangersoftoomuchsun.Expertsagreeexposuretothesun'sultravioletraysincreasestheriskofskincancerandacceleratesthesignsofaging.ButintheBritishMedicalJournaltheBristolteamledbyAndrewNesswrote,"Thereisevidencethatthepotentialbenefitsofexposuretosunlightmayoutweighthewidelypublicizednegativeeffectsontheincidenceofskincancer."

VitaminD,madeinthebodyinreactiontosunlight,preventedrickets(软骨病)inchildrenandwasassociatedwithaprotectiveeffectagainstheartdisease.

Sunshinewasalsousefulfortreatingcertainskinconditionsandtherewasalsothe"feelgoodeffectoflyingorsittinginthesun".Theresearcherssaiditwastooearlytoadvisepeopletospendmoretimeinthesun,butsuggestedthebasisofthecurrentadvicetocoverupshouldbereviewed.

"Perhaps,whileweawaittheconclusionsofsuchformalanalyses,thoseofuswhoenjoyspendingtimeinthesuncanrestassuredthatthechancethatwewillbeoneofthepeopledyingfromthesunsmall."theyadded.

Theirarticlewasstronglycriticizedbyhealthcampaignerswhoclaimeditwasunbalancedandnotbackedbyscientificevidence.Britain'sHealthEducationAuthoritysaidskincancerwasthemostcommonformofcancerinthecountry,withmorethan50,000newcasesdiagnosedeachyearandmorethan2,000peopledyingfromthedisease.Itsaidtreatmentalmostalwaysrequiredsurgeryandalmost50percentofcaseswerefatal.

Theauthority'sskincancercampaignmanagerChristopherNewsaid,"Weareverydisappointedwiththiscontroversialarticle.Itdoesn'thaveenoughsupportingevidenceandrunstheriskundoingmanyyearsof"goodhealtheducation".4.What

can

we

learn

about

the

four

researchers

in

the

first

paragraph?A.They

were

accused

of

warning

people

of

the

danger

of

too

much

sun.

B.They

agreed

exposure

to

the

sun's

ultraviolet

rays

accelerated

people's

aging.

C.They

publicized

the

negative

effect

of

the

sun

on

the

incidence

of

skin

cancer.

D.They

believed

being

exposed

to

sunlight

might

be

beneficial

to

people's

health.5.What

will

the

Bristol

team

support?A.Children

should

cover

up

in

the

sunlight.

B.Sunshine

helps

to

treat

some

skin

conditions.

C.Those

enjoying

the

sun

are

free

of

skin

cancer.

D.People

should

currently

spend

more

time

in

the

sun.6.What

does

the

"good

health

education"

in

the

last

paragraph

refer

to?A.Warning

people

of

the

danger

of

too

much

sunlight.

B.Informing

people

of

the

benefits

of

exposure

to

sunlight.

C.Convincing

people

of

the

effect

of

sun

on

skin

conditions.

D.Reminding

people

of

the

good

feeling

of

lying

or

sitting

in

the

sun.7.What

is

the

main

idea

of

this

passage?A.More

people

are

dying

from

skin

cancer.

B.Sunshine

does

more

harm

than

good

to

skin.

C.Sunshine

can

prevent

heart

disease

in

children.

D.A

study

found

sunshine

has

lots

of

benefits.CDothecolorsthatsurroundyouinfluencehowyoufeel？Canthecolorsonyourwallsandonyourclothesaffectyourmoods？Someresearchersbelievetheanswerisadecisiveyes，whileothersaren'tsosure.

Yetmanymarketers，interiordesigners，medicalprofessionalsandothersswearbyaninformalfieldofscienceknownascolorpsychology.Colorpsychologyisdefinedas"thestudyofhowthecolorsweperceiveimpactourthoughtsandfeelings."

Marketersusethescienceofcolortopersuadeustobuythings.Whenchoosingpaint，furnitureandwallart，interiordesignersactonthetheorythatcolorscanarousecertainfeelingsinus.Dentistsareoftenadvisedtouselightbluepaintontheirofficewallstohelpcalmapprehensivepatients.

Weshouldkeepinmind，though，thatonlybyconsideringculturalpreferencesareweabletofullyunderstandthescienceofcolor.Forinstance，intheWest，whiteisforbridesandblackisforfunerals.ButinancientAsia，whitewassometimeswornforfunerals.InJapanyellowrepresentscouragewhileintheUnitedStates，itrepresentshappiness.Additionally，manyvariablesincludinggender，age，backgroundandmoremustbeconsideredbeforemakingcolorassumptionswhenoneisstudyingtheeffectsofcolor.

Aftertakingcolorvariableintoaccountit'ssafetoconsidersomemainstreamtheoriesaboutspecificcolorsandtheirmeanings.Herearejustafew：

Redsymbolizeslove，energy，passionanddanger.Redisalsobelievedtoincreaseone'shunger，whichmightbethereasonwhyMeDonald'sandCoca-Colachoseredastheirmajorbrandingcolor.

Brown，acolorfromnature，bestrepresentsthingsthatarehonest，trustworthyanddependable.ItseemsaperfectfitasthebrandingcolorforthepackagedeliverycompanyUPS.

Blue-inadditiontorepresentingpeaceandcalm-alsomeansintegrityandcompetence.It'snosurprisethatPayPalandAmericanExpressbothuseblueastheirbrandingcolor.

Green-anothercolorfromnature-representshealth，growthandfreshnessandistheperfectbrandingcolorforStarbucks.

Pinksymbolizeslove，romance，innocenceandfemininity（女性特质）.ThepopulardollcompanythatmakesBarbieusespinkasitsmajorbrandingcolor.

Ifcolorpsychologyadvocatesarecorrect，thenouremotionsanddecisionsaretrulyinfluencedbythecolorsaroundus.Withthisknowledge，wecaneffectivelyharness（驾驭）colorpowertocreatepositiveschool，workandhomeenvironments.8.Whatdoesthephraseswearbyinthesecondparagraphprobablymean？______A.deeplybelieve. B.somewhatdoubt.

C.deeplyinvestigate. D.stillwish.9.Whatisthewriter'spurposeoftakingwhiteandblackasanexampleinthepassage？______A.Tostatethatculturalpreferencesaredecisivefactorsincolorpsychology.

B.Toshowdifferentcultureshavedifferentpreferencesfordifferentcolors.

C.Toprovewhiteandblackrepresentcompletedifferentthingsindifferentcountries.

D.Toremindweshouldtakecultureintoaccountwhenlearningthescienceofcolor.10.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.A.colorpsychologyisinfluencingouremotionsanddecisions

B.colorpsychologymayhelpusmakecorrectdecisionsinlife

C.colorpsychologyisanuncultivatedfieldinmodernscience

D.colorpsychologyhasbeenrecognizedthroughouttheworld11.Whatwouldbethepropertitleforthepassage？______A.Thepositivesandnegativesofcolorpsychology.

B.Thefoundationandfunctionofcolorpsychology.

C.Thepotentialeffectsofcoloronourlives.

D.TherelationshipbetweencolorandmanSection.DGoogle'sparentcompanyiswindingdownaprojectthatusedhigh-lyingballoonstoprovideInternetservicestohard-to-reachareasoftheworld.

Theproject，knownasLoon，startedin2011.ItwasmanagedbyAlphabetInc.Itaimedtobringconnectivitytoareasoftheworldwhereground-basedcelltowers（手机信号塔）weretooexpensiveortoodifficulttosetup.

ButLoonwasunabletoreducecostsenoughtomakeitsbusinessmodelrun，theproject'sleader，AlastairWestgarth，saidinablogpost."Whilewe'vefoundanumberofwillingpartnersalongtheway，wehaven'tfoundawaytogetthecostslowenoughtobuildalong-term，competitivebusiness，"Westgarhsaid.

Loon'sshutdownisn'tsurprising，economistssaid.

Loon'stechnologysentgas-filledballoonsthesizeoftenniscourtsintotheair.Theyusuallystayatheightsofaround60，000to75，000feet.There，onboardcommunicationsequipmentsentInternetsignalsbackdowntoearth.Thesystemwasabletooffermobilecoveragetoanarea200timeslargerthanatraditionalground-basedcelltower.However，acarrierwouldneedseveralballoonsatonce，eachwouldcosttensofthousandsofdollarsandlastonlyaboutfivemonths.

Alphabetwasn'taloneinrunningprojectsaimedatofferingInternetconnectiontohard-to-reachareas.CompaniessuchasAInc.andElonMusk'sSpaceXhavebeenmakingeffortstoprovideInternetconnectioninsuchplaces，usingsatellitesinnearEarthorbit.

Overthelastfewyears，Loon'stechnologyhasprovedsuccessfulinsomesufferinghurricanedamagedtheisland'scommunicationsfacilities.Twoyearslater，soonaftera7.8earthquakestruckpartsofPeru，Loon'sballoonsbegantoprovidethelocalswithmobileconnectivity.

RichDevaul，afounderoftheproject，saidtheneedformobileconnectivitywasrapidlyrisingrecently.Thismadecelltowersmorecost-effectivethanhehadexpectedtenyearsago.reducingtheneedforLoon，"Theproblemgotsolvedfasterthanwethought，"hesaidinaninterview.12.WhyisAlphabetshuttingdownLoon？______A.Manylocalcommunitiesdislikedtheproject.

B.Itwastoocostlytocontinuetheproject.

C.Thetechnologywasnolongeradvanced.

D.Itwastoodifficulttosetupthesystems.13.HowdoestheauthorintroduceLoon'stechnologyinparagraph5？______A.Byexplainingitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.

B.Bydescribingdifficultiesinusingit.

C.Byprovidingresearchresultsaboutit.

D.Byshowingitsdifferencesfromtraditionalones.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutthetechnologyofLoon？______A.Itsuitedtheneedofdevelopedcountries，

B.Itwasunabletoworkinterribleweather.

C.Ithelpedareashitbynaturaldisasters.

D.Itwaslesselectivethantraditionalsystems.15.WhatwasunexpectedforRichDevaul？______A.Communicationsproblemsbecameworse.

B.Celltowersbecamemoreeconomicalinashorttime.

C.Othercompanieswouldrunsimilarprojects

D.TheInternetconnectionsweregettingfaster.E

Therearefewnaturalsoundsmoreupliftingtomyspiritthanthebrightandcheeringcallsandsongsofblack-cappedchickadees(山雀).Oneofmymorningroutinesistostepoutsidethehouseandlistenforthevoicesofblack-caps.

Thereissomethingcomfortingtomeinblack-caps'presence.

(16)

SometimestheyaretheonlybirdsI'llhearonmylocalwoodlandwalksandformetheforestwouldbealonelierplacewithoutthem.

AfterI'dmovedintoahouseonAnchorage'sHillside,Iplacedamakeshiftfeederonmyhome'sback.

(17)

Foreach,theroutinewassimilar：dashedin,lookedaround,pecked(啄)atthetray,lookedaroundagain,anddashedout.Nervouslittlecreatures,fullofbrightenergy,theysoonhadmelaughingattheirfunnyway,Bythetimetheymovedon,Isensedanall-too-rareupwellingoffascinationandjoy.

Withindays,awholenewworldopenedupaswoodlandneighborsI'dneverknown,orevenimagined,joinedtheblack-capsatmyfeeders:red-breastednuthatches,commonredpolls…WhatwasremarkablewasthatallofthosespecieswerecommonresidentsoftheAnchoragearea.

(18)

Mynewfoundinterestinbirdsgrewquickly,surprisingevenme.

(19)

Ivisitedbookstoresinsearchofbirdingguidebooks.Excitedlyexchangedbirddescriptionswithastranger.Purchased50-poundbagsofsunflowerseeds.Allofthisseemedverystrangetoamiddle-agedguywho'dneverbeenattractedbybirds.Evenmore,Ihadpreviouslyjudgedbirdwatcherstoberatherdullsorts.

(20)

They'veremindedmehowmyworldcanexpandandbecomeenrichedwhenImaketheefforttopayattention.Whatelseawaitsmeinourworld,Iwonder,thatIhaven'tyetdiscoveredornoticed?

A.Naturealwaysamazedmeinitsownway.

B.Yetinpriordaysandyears,Ihadnoidea.

C.Black-capsareasignofgoodenvironment.

D.Withinaday,black-capsacceptedmyinvitationtodine.

E.Black-capshavehadaspecialplaceatthetopofmyaffections.

F.Whatstartedasmerecuriosityfloweredintoaconsumingpassion.

G.Andmuchmoreoftenthannot,theyareheardbeforethey'reseen.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GHumanbeingshavesomehowmanagedtoengineerthenighttoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.Thiskindofcontrolisnodifferentfromthefeat（壮举）ofdammingariver.Itsbenefitscomewith（1）______—calledlightpollution—whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign.（2）______lightingwashesoutthedarknessofnight，alteringlightlevelsandlightrhythmstowhichmanyformsoflife，includingourselves，have（3）______.Whereverman-madelightspillsintothenaturalworld，someaspectsoflife-migration，reproduction，feeding-isaffected.

Formosthumanhistory，thephrase"lightpollution"wouldhave（4）______.ImaginewalkingtowardsLondononamoonlitnightaround1800，whenitwasEarth'smostpopulouscity.Nearlyamillionpeoplelivedthere，（5）______candles，torchesandlanterns，astheyalwayshad.Onlyafewhouseswerelitbygas，andtherewouldbenopublicgaslightsinthestreetsorsquaresforanothersevenyears.Fromafewmilesaway，youwouldhavebeenmorelikelyto（6）______Londonthantoseeitsdimcollectiveglow.

We'velitupthenightasifitwerea（n）（7）______country.Asamatteroffact，amongmammals（哺乳动物）alone，thenumberofspeciesactiveatnightisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce，andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnetattractingthemtoit.Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing（8）______bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms，circlingandcirclinginthethousandsuntiltheydrop.

Itwasoncethoughtthatlightpollutiononlyaffectedastronomers，whoneedtoseethenightskyinallitsgloriousclarity.Unlikeastronomers，mostofusmaynotneeda（9）______viewofthenightskyforourwork.（10）______，likemostothercreatures，wedoneeddarkness.（11）______darknessispointless.Itisasessentialtomaintainingourbiologicalwelfareas（12）______itself；thepriceofmodifyingourinternalclockworkmeansitdoesn'toperateasitshould，causingvariousphysicaldiscomforts.Sofundamentalaretheregularrhythmsofwakingandsleeptoourbeingthat（13）______themissimilartoalteringourcenterofgravity.

Inaveryrealsense，lightpollutioncausesusto（14）______ourtrueplaceintheuniverse，toforgetthescaleofourbeing，whichisbest（15）______againstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay—theedgeofourgalaxy—archingoverhead.21.

A.consequences B.achievements C.agreements D.circumstances22.

A.Randomly-designed B.Well-designed

C.Poorly-designed D.Economically-designed23.

A.appealed B.adapted C.objected D.amounted24.

A.comeundercriticism B.madenodifference

C.comeintoeffect D.madenosense25.

A.makingdowith B.fedupwith

C.identifyingwith D.overflowingwith26.

A.visit B.greet C.feel D.smell27.

A.independent B.disconnected C.unoccupied D.excluded28.

A.exposed B.captured C.dismissed D.frustrated29.

A.clear B.comprehensive C.traditional D.critical30.

A.Subsequently B.However C.Therefore D.Similarly31.

A.Reviewing B.Embracing C.Denying D.Regulating32.

A.light B.rhythm C.status D.dawn33.

A.emergingfrom B.withdrawingfrom

C.messingwith D.coincidingwith34.

A.keeptrackof B.losesightof C.catchholdof D.letgoof35.

A.measured B.neutralized C.undergone D.supervised36.Illegalivory（象牙）huntingonceposedasignificantthreattoKenya'selephants.Butnowthegiantsoftheanimalkingdom（1）______（face）anevenbiggerrisk：climatechange.

Inthepastyears，Kenyan（2）______（official）havecrackeddownonhunting，（3）______hastargetedgiraffesfortheirmeat，bonesandhairandelephantsfortheirivorytusks.ButasKenyabattlesitsworstdroughtinfourdecades，thecrisisiskilling20timesmoreelephants（4）______hunting.InTsavoNationalParkmuchwildlife（5）______（flee）inrecentyearsinsearchofwater.Tosurvive，elephantsrequirevastlandscapesforfood.Adultscanconsume300poundsoffoodandmorethan50gallonsofwater（6）______day.Butrivers，soilandgrasslandaredryingup，（7）______（result）inpooranddeadlyenvironment.

Inthelastyear，atleast179elephantshavediedofthirst，whilehuntinghasclaimedthelivesoffewerthan10，KenyanTourismandWildlifeSecretaryNajibBalalatoldtheBBC."Itisaredalarm."hesaidofthecrisis.Balalasuggestedthat（8）______muchtimeandefforthasbeenspenttacklingillegalhuntingthat（9）______（environment）issueshavebeenignored."Wehaveforgottentoinvestintobiodiversity（10）______（manage）andecosystems，"hesaid."Somethingmustbedonetodealwithclimatechange."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)37.Remembertotakeyourvaluable______（belong）whenyougetoffthebus.38.Sheremained______（oppose）toherson'splantojointhechorus.（词汇复现）39.Studentsareprovidedwithbreakfast，dinnerandapackedlunch______（consist）ofasandwich，adrinkandadessert.40.Long______（expose）tothesunmakeitpossibleforyoutodevelopskincancer.41.Today'scomplexbuildingsrequirecloseteamworkbetweeneachofthe______（architecture）andthebuilders.42.Afterseveralfailures，theteamwoundup______（emphasis）theimportanceofresearch.43.Thesuccessofthatplayisnotonlydowntothe______（adapt）butalsotoactors'andactresses'performance.44.Borntoapoverty______（strike）family，shedraggedherselfoutoftheguttertobecomeoneofthewealthiestpeopleinBritaintoday.45.Itisamazingthatthelittleboycanswimacrosstheriver_____(measure)

100meterslong.46.Afifthyearofdroughtisexpectedtohave______（dramatically）effectsontheCaliforniaeconomy.47.假如你是李华，你刚刚参观了你市博物馆举办的一次“遇见艺术家”的展览，请为你校英文报写一则评论，内容包括：

（1）展览概况；

（2）观展感受；

（3）意见建议。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）为使行文连贯，可以适当增加细节。

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、A、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了关于BUILTBYOU挑战赛的一些情况。

1.

根据WhoWe'reLookingFor部分dWe'relookingforthenextgeneration...orsomethingnoonehasinventedyet.(我们正在寻找下一代13-18岁的女性创业创始人和变革推动者（你们），她们正在开发移动应用程序、硬件设备、机器人项目、游戏或其他尚未发明的东西。)可知，性别是决定谁可以申请的因素之一。故选C。2.

根据WhoWe'reLookingFor部分的Feelfreetoapplywithyourprojectsfromyourprevioustechexperiencesorbuildoutanentirelynewidea.(请随意应用您以前的技术经验中的项目，或者构建一个全新的想法。)可知，参与者可以提交他们自己的想法。故选A。3.

根据TheFounderofWiTehch部分的WiTechisacommunityorganization...tomakepositivedifferencesinsociety.(WiTech是一个社区组织，旨在教育、激励和增强年轻女孩打破障碍，利用技术在社会中产生积极影响。)可知，为了支持年轻女性的愿望，AudreyPe建立了WiTech。故选B。

4~7.【答案】D、B、A、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是，有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。

1.

根据第一段中的“ThefourresearchersatBristolUniversitywereaccusedofweakeningyearsofcampaigningtowarnpeopleofthedangersoftoomuchsun.（布里斯托尔大学的四名研究人员被指责削弱了多年来警告人们过度晒太阳的危害的运动。）”可知，这四位研究人员认为暴露在阳光下可能对人们的健康有益。故选D。

2.

根据第一段中的“ButintheBritishMedicalJournal...negativeeffectsontheincidenceofskincancer.”（但在《英国医学杂志》上，由AndrewNess领导的布里斯托尔研究小组写道：“有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。”）和第三段的Sunshinewasalsousefulfortreatingcertainskinconditionsandtherewasalsothe"feelgoodeffectoflyingorsittinginthesun".（阳光对治疗某些皮肤状况也很有用，而且“躺在阳光下或坐在阳光下也有很好的感觉”。）可知，布里斯托尔团队支持的是阳光有助于治疗一些皮肤问题。故选B。3.

根据第一段中的ThefourresearchersatBristolUniversitywereaccusedofweakeningyearsofcampaigningtowarnpeopleofthedangersoftoomuchsun.（布里斯托尔大学的四名研究人员被指责削弱了多年来警告人们过度晒太阳的危害的运动。）和最后一段中的Weareverydisappointedwiththiscontroversialarticle.Itdoesn'thaveenoughsupportingevidenceandrunstheriskundoingmanyyearsof"goodhealtheducation".（我们对这篇有争议的文章感到非常失望。它没有足够的支持证据，有可能使多年来的“良好健康教育”付之一流。）可知，此处所说的“良好教育”指的是警告人们太多阳光的危害。故选A。4.

通读全文，尤其是第一段中的ButintheBritishMedicalJournal...thewidelypublicizednegativeeffectsontheincidenceofskincancer.”（但在《英国医学杂志》上，由AndrewNess领导的布里斯托尔研究小组写道：“有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。”）可知，本文主要讲的是有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响，也就是一项研究发现阳光有很多好处，故选D。

8~11.【答案】A、D、A、C【解析】（1）短语猜测题。根据第二段最后一句话Color

psychology

is

defined

as

"the

study

of

how

the

colors

we

perceive

impact

our

thoughts

and

feelings."（色彩心理学被定义为"研究我们感知的颜色如何影响我们的思想和感受。"）以及第三段Marketers

use

the

science

of

color

to

persuade

us

to

buy

things.When

choosing

paint，furniture

and

wall

art，interior

designers

act

on

the

theory

that

colors

can

arouse

certain

feelings

in

us.Dentists

are

often

advised

to

use

light

blue

paint

on

their

office

walls

to

help

calm

apprehensive

patients.（营销人员利用色彩科学来说服我们购买东西。室内设计师在选择油漆、烟熏和墙壁艺术时，会根据这样一种理论行事，即颜色会引起我们的某些感觉。牙医经常被建议在办公室墙上使用浅蓝色油漆，以帮助焦虑的患者平静下来）可知，色彩心理学研究发现颜色如何影响我们的思想和感受。营销人员，设计师和牙医等会用色彩心理学来影响顾客的一些决定，帮助患者平缓情绪。所以他们对色彩心里学深信不疑。所以swear

by的意思为"深信不疑"。故选A

（2）目的意图题。根据第四段第一句话We

should

keep

in

mind，though，that

only

by

considering

cultural

preferences

are

we

able

to

fully

understand

the

science

of

color.

（不过，我们应该记住，只有考虑到文化偏好，我们才能完全理解色彩科学）可知，作者用白色和黑色作为例子是为了提醒我们在学习色彩科学时应该考虑到文化因素。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话If

color

psychology

advocates

are

correct，then

our

emotions

and

decisions

are

truly

influenced

by

the

colors

around

us.

（如果色彩心理学的倡导者是正确的，那么我们的情绪和决定确实会受到周围色彩的影响）可推知，色彩心理学会影响我们的情绪和决定。故选A。

（4）标题判断题。根据第一段Do

the

colors

that

surround

you

influence

how

you

feel？Can

the

colors

on

your

walls

and

on

your

clothes

affect

your

moods？Some

researchers

believe

the

answer

is

a

decisive

yes，while

others

aren't

so

sure.（你周围的颜色会影响你的感觉吗？你墙上和衣服上的颜色会影响你的心情吗？一些研究人员认为答案是决定性的肯定，而另一些人则不那么确定）以及最后一段If

color

psychology

advocates

are

correct，then

our

emotions

and

decisions

are

truly

influenced

by

the

colors

around

us.With

this

knowledge，we

can

effectively

harness

（驾驭）color

power

to

create

positive

school，work

and

home

environments.（如果色彩心理学的倡导者是正确的，那么我们的情绪和决定确实会受到周围色彩的影响。有了这些知识，我们可以有效地利用色彩力量来创造积极的学校、工作和家庭环境）可知，本篇文介绍了色彩心理学，揭示了色彩对于我们生活的潜在影响。所以"色彩对于我们生活的潜在影响"适合作本篇文章的标题。A．The

positives

and

negatives

of

color

psychology.色彩心理学的积极和消极；B．The

foundation

and

function

of

color

psychology.色彩心理学的基础和作用；C．The

potential

effects

of

color

on

our

lives.颜色对我们生活的潜在影响；D．The

relationship

between

color

and

man

Section.色彩与人体的关系。故选C。

这是一篇说说明文。文章主要介绍了色彩对我们生活的潜在影响。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】B、A、C、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段中ButLoonwasunabletoreducecostsenoughtomakeitsbusinessmodelrun，theproject'sleader，AlastairWestgarth，saidinablogpost.（Loon项目负责人阿拉斯泰尔•韦斯特加斯（AlastairWestgarth）在一篇博客文章中表示，Loon未能将成本降低到足以维持其商业模式的水平。）可知，Alphabet关闭Loon是因为继续这个项目的花费太大了。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句Thesystemwasabletooffermobilecoveragetoanarea200timeslargerthanatraditionalground-basedcelltower.However，acarrierwouldneedseveralballoonsatonce，eachwouldcosttensofthousandsofdollarsandlastonlyaboutfivemonths.（该系统能够提供的移动覆盖范围比传统的地面发射塔大200倍。然而，一个载物架一次需要几个气球，每个气球花费数万美元，而且只能使用大约5个月。）可知，本段是通过解释其优缺点来介绍Loon这项技术的。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Over

the

last

few

years，Loon's

technology

has

proved

successful

in

some

suffering

hurricane

damaged

the

island's

communications

facilities.Twoyearslater，soonaftera7.8earthquakestruckpartsofPeru，Loon'sballoonsbegantoprovidethelocalswithmobileconnectivity.（在过去的几年里，Loon的技术在一些遭受飓风破坏的岛屿通信设施中被证明是成功的。两年后，一场7.8级的地震袭击秘鲁部分地区后不久，Loon的气球开始为当地人提供移动连接。）可知，Loon技术帮助遭受自然灾害的地区。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段中Thismadecelltowersmorecost-effectivethanhehadexpectedtenyearsago，reducingtheneedforLoon，"Theproblemgotsolvedfasterthanwethought，"hesaidinaninterview.（这使得手机信号塔比他十年前预期的要更加划算，减少了对Loon的需求。"问题解决得比我们想象的要快，"他在接受采访时说）可知，令RichDevaul意外的是手机信号塔在短时间内变得更加经济实惠。故选B。

本文主要介绍了谷歌母公司Alphabet

Inc.关闭了一个名为Loon的项目，该项目使用高空气球为世界上难以到达的地区提供互联网服务。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】G、D、B、F、E【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对黑帽山雀的热爱。

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