2022北京高一(上)期末英语汇编：阅读理解B篇

第12页/共12页2022北京高一（上）期末英语汇编阅读理解B篇一、阅读理解（2022·北京海淀·高一期末）Althoughgrowingupinapoorfamilyinpost-war1950s,GloriaStewartremembersherpoorbutkindheartedparentsalwayshadanextrasettingattheirtable,especiallyatChristmas.Thewarmthofhermumanddad’swelcomeforpoorguestsatthecoldesttimeoftheyearinspiredthe69-year-oldgrandmothertospreadherownseasonaljoy.“Mumanddadhadn’tevengotapenny,”recallsGloria.“Butitdidn’tmatter.They’dneverturndownanyhomelessonewhoknockedonthedoor.”“WhenIbecameamum,Itriedtomakethefestiveseasonasspecialaspossible.However,IoncemetanoldladywhowasspendingChristmasaloneinbed.Itbrokemyheart.”InDecember2007,GloriahostedthefirstHomeAlonelunchafteradvertisingtothepublicandreceivingdonations.Ittookaspecialpersonwithabigheartandanevenbiggertabletoinvite87lonelyoldpeopleforChristmas.HerHomeAloneeventhaslasteduptonow.EveryChristmas,Gloriawearshermostsparklydresstoservethetraditionalroasttoeverytableofhersmiling,gratefulguests,makingtimetospeaktoasmanyofthemaspossible.Afterherfirstlunch,GloriawasnicknamedMrs.Christmas.AndnowshehaswrittenabookaboutherextraordinarylifehelpingbringjoytotheelderlywhowouldnormallyspendChristmasalone.Shewroteinherbook,“WhenIwasachild,IhadfewfriendsandIwaslaughedatforbeingsopoor.SoIwasdeterminednooneelseshouldbearthelonelinessandhardshipIhadsuffered.”Havingbattledcancerthreetimes,GloriabecameevenmoredeterminedtomakesureChristmaswasnotcloudedbysadness.NowtheHomeAloneeventhasgrowntoservingturkeylunchtoover500happyguests.ThekindladyreceivedanawardfromSheffieldCityCouncilforhereffortsandwaspraisedbyformerPrimeMinisterDavidCameron.ButforGloria,therealprizecomesasshewatchesthesmileslightupthefacesofherlunchguests.Shesays,“Therereallyisnogreaterreward.Justforafewhourstheyescapetheirlonelinessandaresurroundedbylove.”1．Thefirsttwoparagraphsintendtotellus________.A．whyGloriahadasufferingchildhoodB．howGloria’sparentscelebratedChristmasC．whatmemoriesGloriahadaboutherparentsD．thatGloriawasinspiredbyherparents’kindact2．WhatmadeGloriasodetermined?A．Herdesireforsuccess. B．Herparents’will.C．Hertoughlifeexperiences. D．Herfriends’encouragement.3．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．AHomeAloneEvent B．ABig-heartedGrandmotherC．ASpecialMemoryofChristmas D．ASharedChristmasDinner（2022·北京西城·高一期末）WhentheCOVID-19pandemicforcedthetowninManton,Michigantoshutdown,ScottChittledecidedthatthecommunityneededasafeplacetocometogether,andsomethingtobringsomejoyduringtheboringwintermonths.Andwhatisabetteroutdooractivitytogetpeopleoutsideinthecoldthaniceskating?Inordertomakehisdreamareality,ChittlesearchedtheInternetforvideosonhowtobuildanicerink(溜冰场).Heorderedalarge3,000squarefoottarp(防水帆布)onlineandboughtsomewoodtocreatethewalls.Ittook12firetrucksfromthelocalfiredepartmenttogetenoughwatertofilltheplot.IttookalittletimeasChittlewentdoortodoortoconvincepeopletocomeandseehiscreation,andsoonChittle’sbackyardicerinkbecameaMantonhotspot.ParentsjoinedintohelpChittlebuysecond-handskatesandhockeysticksfortheneighborhoodchildren.Soonenough,thechildrenwereskatingandshooting.“Wekeptseeingmorethingsdonated.Itwasfantasticbecausethewholecommunityjustcametogether.ItwasamazinghoweverybodyworkedtogetherbecauseofScott.”saysneighborAudreyHooker.Skaterswerewelcometocomeatanytime.AndeachSaturdayfrom4p.m.until8p.m.,dozensofchildrenandtheirparentsgatheredattheicerinkforskateparties.Thechildrenwhohadbeenconfinedtotheirhomesforalmostayearlaughedandshoutedwithjoywhileskatingaroundtherink.Parentsgatheredaroundfeelingreliefthattheirchildrenhadfoundapurposeagain.Itbecameaweeklyeventthatneighborscouldlookforwardtoanditofferedaplaceforpeopletoseeeachotherinasociallydistancedway.Butthekindnessdidn’tstopwithChittle.Whenthecommunityheardhowmuchmoneyheusedtomakethisprojecthappen,everyonehelped.Afundraiserbroughtinabout$1,300,andletterssenttoChittle’shomestuffedwithcashbroughtinanadditional$1,500,coveringallofthecostswithmoneytospare.Companiesbegansendingsuppliesfornextyear’sicerinkincludingoutdoorlights,asnowsweepingmachineandshovels.“Thishasbeenacommunitything,”explainsChittle.“It’snotjustme.Iwanttoshowtherestoftheworldwhatalittleeffort,thebestintentions,andcommunitycandonotonlyforothersbutforthesoulsofall.”4．WhydidChittlebuildabackyardicerink?A．Toorganizeskateparties. B．Toshowoffhiscreativity.C．Togetsomemoneyandoutdoorsupplies. D．Toofferasafesocialplaceandsomefun.5．Whatdidtheparentsdotohelpwiththeicerink?A．Filledtheicerinkwithwater. B．RaisedmoneyforChittle.C．Boughtskatesandhockeysticks. D．Convincedpeopletocome.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．TheicerinkisonlyopentochildrenonSaturday.B．Thewholecommunitycontributedtotheicerink.C．Chittlemademuchmoneyafterbuildingtheicerink.D．TheparentsfeltreliefbecauseChittletookcareoftheirchildren.7．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeScottChittle?A．Honestandfriendly. B．Carefulandconfident.C．Humorousandpolite. D．Kindanddevoted.（2022·北京平谷·高一期末）Onedayrecently,LaurieFenbywasshoppingatagaragesaleinRochesterNewYorkandasshewasleaving,shefoundawalletontheground.LaurielookedinsideandfoundaJamaican(牙买加人的)driver’slicense,someAmericancashandsomeJamaicancash.Shetriedalltheusualwaystofindtheman,whosenamewasGeorge.Shecouldn’tfindhimthroughGoogleorFacebookandthensheaskedforsuggestionsthroughNextdoor,acommunitywebsite.Lauriereceivedalotofideasandresponses-someofthemwerenotsopositive.ButoneladyadvisedhertocontactalittlestorethatisknowntohavemanyJamaicanmigrantworkersasclients.Lauriecalledthestoreandfoundthatyes,indeed,therewassomeonenamedGeorgewholosthiswallet.LauriesuggestedthatthestoreownercontactGeorgeandhavehimcallher.WhenGeorgecontactedherhewasabletoidentifyeverythinginthewalletandLauriewasabletoreturnit.Butitdidn’tstopthere.LaurieaskedGeorge,“Whatdoyouandthemigrantworkersneed?”Hesaidtheyneedsomewarmclothes.Laurieimmediatelycontactedthecommunityandwasabletoorganizeaclothingdrive.Shereceivedlotsofcoats,jackets,shoesandothersupplies.RecentlyLauriemetGeorgeandtheothermigrantworkersinRochester,andshejoinedthemtopickapplestogether.TheyweresothankfultoLaurieandherfriends-andnoneofthiscommunitybuildingorfriendshipwouldhavehappenedifthewallethadstayedinGeorge’spocket.8．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanknowLaurieFenby________.A．workedatagarage B．lostawalletwhileshoppingC．knewmanyJamaicanworkers D．triedmanywaystofindGeorge9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Gather. B．Select. C．Search. D．Tell.10．WhatkindofpersonisLaurieFenby?A．Brave. B．Caring. C．Strict. D．Polite.11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswhatLaurieFenbydid?A．Worried. B．Surprised. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.（2022·北京房山·高一期末）ADAYINTHECLOUDSTheairisthinandwehavetorestseveraltimesontheshorthikefromcamp.Toourleft,snow-coveredmountainsdisappearintocloudsthatseemalmostcloseenoughtotouch.Ontheplaininfrontofus,wecanjustmakeoutaherdofgracefulanimals.Thisiswhywe’rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.TibetanantelopesliveontheplainsofTibet,Xinjiang,andQinghai.Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass,I’mstruckbytheirbeauty.I’malsoremindedofthedangertheyarein.Theyarebeinghunted,illegally,fortheirvaluablefur.MyguideisZhaxi,avillagerfromChangtang.HeworksattheChangtangNationalNatureReserve.ThereserveisashelterfortheanimalsandplantsofnorthwesternTibet.ToZhaxi,thelandissacredandprotectingthewildlifeisawayoflife.“We’renottryingtosavetheanimals,”hesays,“Actually,we’retryingtosaveourselves.”The1980sand1990swerebadtimesfortheTibetanantelope.Thepopulationdroppedbymorethan50percent.Hunterswereshootingantelopestomakeprofits.Theirhabitatswerebecomingsmallerasnewroadsandrailwayswerebuilt.Inordertosavethisspeciesfromextinction,theChinesegovernmentplaceditundernationalprotection.Zhaxiandothervolunteerswatchedovertheantelopesdayandnighttokeepthemsafefromattacks.Bridgesandgateswereaddedtolettheantelopesmoveeasilyandkeepthemsafefromcarsandtrains.Themeasureswereeffective.TheantelopepopulationhasrecoveredandinJune2015,theTibetanantelopewasremovedfromtheendangeredspecieslist.Thegovernment,however,doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes,sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.Intheevening,Idrinkacupofteaandwatchthestars.IthinkabouttheantelopesandwhatZhaxitoldme.Muchisbeingdonetoprotectwildlife,butifwereallywanttosavetheplanet,wemustchangeourwayoflife.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.12．What’sthewriter’spurposeofvisitingTibet?A．Tochangeourwayoflifeandprotectwildlife.B．Toobserveaherdofgracefulanimals.C．Tosavetheantelopefromextinction.D．Togoforashorthikefromcamp.13．Whichofthefollowingmeasureswasnottakentosavetheantelope?A．Addingbridgesandgates.B．Establishingnaturereserves.C．Buildingnewroadsandrailways.D．Monitoringtheantelopedayandnight.14．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．It’shardtomakealivingforZhaxibyworkinginthereserve.B．Ourlifewillcometoanendifwedon’tliveatonewithnature.C．Theantelopepopulationdroppedjustbecausetheirhabitatsbecamesmaller.D．TheantelopepopulationrecoveredsothereisnothreattotheTibetanantelope.（2022·北京市怀柔区教科研中心高一期末）Everyyear,1.5millionkidsaroundtheworlddieasaresultofnotgettingvaccines(疫苗).Thisispartlybecausetransporting(运送)andstoringmedicinescanbeahugechallengeinsomecountries.AnurudhGanesan,17,knowsthisfirsthand.WhenhewasababyinIndia,hisgrandparentscarriedhim10milestoahealthclinicinaremotevillagetoreceiveavaccine.Butbythetimetheyarrived,thevaccineswerenolongerusablebecausetheyhadbeenoverheated.Vaccines,Anurudhlaterlearned,mustbekeptcooltostayeffective.Butrefrigerating(冷藏)themrequireselectricity(电)orice—valuablethingsthatmanydevelopingcountrieslack(缺少).AlthoughAnurudhreceivedthevaccineheneededintheend,hisexperienceasababyandthesadrealitythatsomanyotherchildrenaren’tasluckymotivated(激发)himtotakeaction.ThehighschoolstudentinventedVaxxwagon,aportable(轻便的)vaccine-carryingdevice(装置)thatproducesitsownpowertokeeplifesavingmedicinescoolasthey’redeliveredtoremoteareasaroundtheworld.AnurudhfirstgothisideaforVaxxwagonin2014.Hereadseveraltextbookstolearneverythinghecouldaboutrefrigeration,andthenhedidresearchonlinetolearnmoreaboutvaccines.Ratherthandependingonelectricityorice,Anurudhworkedoutawaytousewheelstopowerarefrigerationsystemforabouteighthours.Theentirerechargeable(可再充电的)coolingsystemcanbepulledtoareasinneedofvaccinesbyabicycle,acar,orananimal.Eventually,AnurudhtookhisdesigntoprofessorsatJohnsHopkinsUniversityforadvice.NotonlydidtheythinkVaxxwagoncouldwork,buttheyofferedhimfundingtohelpbuildit.Anurudhwasrewardedwiththe2015GoogleScienceFairLEGOEducationBuilderAwardforhisinvention.AnurudhsayshisfinalgoalistostartsellingVaxxwagontorelieforganizations,soitcanbeusedtohelppeoplearoundtheworld.Anurudh,whoplanstopursueengineeringdegreeincollege,says,“Don’tgiveuponyourideas.Butalwaystrytohelpotherswithyourprojects.That’sthepointofengineering—tohelppeople.”15．Whydomanychildrendieeveryyear?A．Theylackexcellentmedicalteams. B．Theycannotaffordusablemedicines.C．Theydon’thaveanelectricitysystem. D．Theyhavenochancetogetusablevaccines.16．WhatisspecialaboutVaxxwagon?A．Itisadevicewithcoolingsystem. B．Itcanproducesafevaccines.C．Itcanfinddeadlydiseases. D．Itcanbeameansoftransport.17．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAnurudh?A．Caringandcreative(有创造力). B．Cleverbutlazy.C．Determinedandindependent. D．Honestandhard—working.18．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．AllroadsleadtoRome.C．Motivation(动力)isthemotherofsuccess.D．Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.（2022·北京师大附中高一期末）IgotmarriedjustafterIgraduatedfromcollegeandfoundajobtosupportourfamilyatthenearbyMassachusettesInstituteofTechnology(MIT).ItwasinthelaboratoryofProf.EdwardLorenzthatIlearnedwhatacomputerwasandhowtodevelopsoftware.Onedaymyhusbandsawanewspaperadvertisement.TheMITInstrumentationLaboratorywaslookingforpeopletodevelopsoftwareto“sendmantothemoon”.Deeplyattractedbothbytheideaandthefactthatithadneverbeendonebefore,Ibecamethefirstprogrammertojoinandthefirstwomanthelabhired.Atthebeginning,nobodythoughtsoftwarewassuchabigdeal.Butthentheybegantorealizehowmuchtheywererelyingonit.Oursoftwareneededtobeveryreliableandabletodetectanerrorandrecoverfromitatanytimeduringthemission.Mydaughter,Lauren,likedtointimateme—playingastronaut.Oneday,shewaswithmewhenIwasdoingasimulation(模拟)ofamissiontothemoon.Shestartedhittingkeysandallofasudden,sheselectedaprogramwhichwassupposedtoberunbeforelaunch.Thecomputerhadsolittlespacethatitwipedthenavigationdatatakinghertothemoon.Ithought:myGod—thiscouldhappenbyaccidentinarealmission.Isuggestedaprogramchangetopreventaprelaunchprogrambeingselectedduringflight.Butthehigher-upsatMITandNASAsaidtheastronautsweretoowelltrainedtomakesuchamistake.Ontheverynextmission,Apollo8,oneoftheastronautsonboardaccidentallydidexactlywhatLaurenhaddone.TheLaurenbug!Itcreateddestructionandrequiredthemissiontoberearranged.Afterthat,theyletmeputtheprogramchangein.ItwastheprogramchangethathadacrucialinfluenceonthesuccessofthemissionofApollo11.DuringtheearlydaysofApollo,softwarewasnottakenasseriouslyasotherengineeringdisciplines(学科).ItwasoutofdesperationIcameupwiththeterm“softwareengineering”.Thenonedayinameeting,oneofthemostrespectedhardwareexpertsexplainedtoeveryonethatheagreedwithmethattheprocessofbuildingsoftwareshouldalsobeconsideredanengineeringdiscipline,justlikewithhardware.Itwasamemorablemoment.19．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．ShetaughtLaurentowritesoftware.B．Shegothermaster'sdegreefromMIT.C．SheisthefirstwomaneverhiredbyMIT.D．Shecreatedtheterm“softwareengineering”.20．“TheLaurenbug”inPara.5refersto______.A．apettoaccompanyLauren B．amissiontolandonthemoonC．amistakecausingdataloss D．asoftwareendingprelaunch21．WhatgreatlycontributedtoApollo11'ssuccessaccordingtothepassage?A．Thein-timeuploadofdata. B．Theprogramchange.C．Astronauts'richexperience. D．Experts'newattitude.22．WhatcanwelearnfromMargaret'sstory?A．Honestyisthebestpolicy. B．Agoodbeginningishalfdone.C．Twoheadsarebetterthanone. D．Chancesfavorthepreparedmind.（2022·北京昌平·高一期末）Howfarwouldyougotohelpafriend?JeremySavageandIanMarshallhadtheirfriendshiptestedtothelimitonarecenttriptotheRockyMountainswiththeirparents.OnSaturdaymorning,thetwoboysdecidedtoclimbamountainnearbyontheirown.Afterthreehours,theyreachedthetopandenjoyedthebeautifulviewfromthemountaintop.However,troublebeganwhentheystartedtheclimbdown.Ononeverydangerouspartofthemountain,Ianfellthreemetresoffthesideofthepath.JeremyclimbeddowntowhereIanwasandfoundhimbadlyinjuredandnotabletomove.Jeremyhadtodecidewhattodo.Heneededhelpbuthedidnotwanttoleavehisfriend.HecleanedthedirtandbloodfromIan’sfaceandhands,andthentriedtohelpIanstandup,butIan’srightlegwashurtingtoomuch.Theyhadtowaitandhopethathelpwouldcome.Meanwhile,asdarknessstartedtofall,theirparentsbackatthecampsitebecameveryworriedabouttheboys.Theycalledparkworkersandbegansearchingfortheboys.Whilewaitingforhelp,JeremygaveIanhisfoodandlethimlieonhisjacket.Astheeveninggrewdarkerandthetemperaturedropped,IantoldJeremytoleavehimandgobacktotheirparentsbutJeremystilldidnotleave.HethoughtitwastoodangerousforIantobealoneonsuchacoldwindynight.JeremyusedhisjackettokeepIanwarmandtheyrestedtogetherthroughthenight.Atsunrise,Jeremydecidedthattheonlywaytohelphisfriendwastocarryhimdownthemountain.So,theystartedthelongclimbbacktothecampsite.JeremycarriedIanonhisback.Finally,afterfourlongandtiringhours,theycameacrosstheirrelievedparents,whowerestilllookingforthemonthemountain.“IwillalwaysrememberwhatJeremydidforme,”saidIanafterwards.“Hesavedmylife.Thatisthegreatestthingthatapersoncandoforhisfriend.”23．WhathappenedwhenJeremyandIanstartedtheclimbdown?A．Theylosttheirway.B．Theweatherturnedbad.C．Ianfellandgotinjured.D．Theyranoutoftheirfood.24．Whentheeveningcame,Jeremydecidedto______.A．staywithhisfriendB．calltheparkworkersC．gobacktothecampsiteD．searchforaplacetorest25．Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．Theirparentsmetthematthecampsite.B．JeremycarriedIanonhisbacktoclimbdown.C．Theirparentshelpedthemoutofthetrouble.D．JeremyandIanwaitedforfourhourstobesaved.26．WhatwordscanbestdescribeJeremy?A．Trust-worthy. B．Honest. C．Confident. D．Hard-working.

参考答案1．D

2．C

3．B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。GloriaStewart在父母善举的熏陶下，年老后每年圣诞节都会为独自过节的老人组织HomeAloneevent，让这些人们短暂地摆脱孤独，享受温暖。1．推理判断题。根据文章前两段的叙述及“Thewarmthofhermumanddad’swelcomeforpoorguestsatthecoldesttimeoftheyearinspiredthe69-year-oldgrandmothertospreadherownseasonaljoy.(在一年中最寒冷的时候，她的父母热情地欢迎贫穷的客人，这激发了这位69岁的祖母传播自己的节日喜悦)”可知，前两段主要告诉我们GloriaStewart的善举受到了她父母的启发。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“SoIwasdeterminednooneelseshouldbearthelonelinessandhardshipIhadsuffered.(因此，我下定决心，任何人都不应忍受我所遭受的孤独和苦难)”和第三句“Havingbattledcancerthreetimes,GloriabecameevenmoredeterminedtomakesureChristmaswasnotcloudedbysadness.(Gloria曾三次与癌症作斗争，她更加下定决心确保圣诞节不会被悲伤笼罩)”可知，Gloria艰苦的生活经历使得她如此坚定。故选C。3．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是GloriaStewart的事迹，她在父母善举的熏陶下，年老后每年圣诞节都会为独自过节的老人组织HomeAloneevent，让这些人们短暂地摆脱孤独，享受温暖。由此可知，ABig-heartedGrandmother(一位仁慈的祖母)适合作本文的标题。故选B。4．D

5．C

6．B

7．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情期间密歇根州曼顿镇关闭，ScottChittle决定在社区自建溜冰场，并得到各方援助。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“WhentheCOVID-19pandemicforcedthetowninManton,Michigantoshutdown,ScottChittledecidedthatthecommunityneededasafeplacetocometogether,andsomethingtobringsomejoyduringtheboringwintermonths.(当COVID-19大流行迫使密歇根州曼顿镇关闭时，ScottChittle决定，社区需要一个安全的地方来团结起来，并在无聊的冬季几个月里带来一些欢乐。)”可知，Chittle要在后院建一个溜冰场是为了提供一个安全的社交场所和一些乐趣。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ParentsjoinedintohelpChittlebuysecond-handskatesandhockeysticksfortheneighborhoodchildren.(家长们也加入进来，帮助Chittle为附近的孩子们购买二手溜冰鞋和曲棍球棍。)”可知，父母买了溜冰鞋和曲棍球棍来帮助建立溜冰场。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ParentsjoinedintohelpChittlebuysecond-handskatesandhockeysticksfortheneighborhoodchildren.(家长们也加入进来，帮助Chittle为附近的孩子们购买二手溜冰鞋和曲棍球棍。)”、第四段“Itwasfantasticbecausethewholecommunityjustcametogether.(这太棒了，因为整个社区就这样走到了一起。)”和第六段“Whenthecommunityheardhowmuchmoneyheusedtomakethisprojecthappen,everyonehelped.(当社区听说他为这个项目花了多少钱时，每个人都伸出了援助之手。)”可知，整个社区都为溜冰场做了贡献。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WhentheCOVID-19pandemicforcedthetowninManton,Michigantoshutdown,ScottChittledecidedthatthecommunityneededasafeplacetocometogether,andsomethingtobringsomejoyduringtheboringwintermonths.(当COVID-19大流行迫使密歇根州曼顿镇关闭时，ScottChittle决定，社区需要一个安全的地方来团结起来，并在无聊的冬季几个月里带来一些欢乐。)”、第六段“Butthekindnessdidn’tstopwithChittle.(但这种善良并没有因为Chittle而停止。)”和最后一段““Thishasbeenacommunitything,”explainsChittle.“It’snotjustme.Iwanttoshowtherestoftheworldwhatalittleeffort,thebestintentions,andcommunitycandonotonlyforothersbutforthesoulsofall.”(“这是一个社区的事情，”Chittle解释道。“不只是我。我想向世界展示，一个小小的努力、良好的意愿和社区不仅可以为他人，也可以为所有人的灵魂。”)”可知，ScottChittle为社区自建溜冰场不懈努力。从而推断ScottChittle善良且乐于奉献。故选D。8．D

9．D

10．B

11．C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了LaurieFenby归还钱包并帮助了失主的善举。8．细节理解题。根据前两段的主要内容，尤其第二段的“Shetriedalltheusualwaystofindtheman,whosenamewasGeorge.（为了找到那个叫乔治的男人，她用尽了所有常用的方法）”可知，根据前两段我们可以知道LaurieFenby尝试了很多方法来找到George。故选D。9．词义猜测题。根据后文“andLauriewasabletoreturnit（Laurie把它还了回去）”和常识可知，Laurie还钱包的前提是，钱包的主人乔治可以确认这个钱包里所有的东西。所以identify是“确认，识别，认出”的意思，与tell同义。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第三段“LaurieaskedGeorge,“Whatdoyouandthemigrantworkersneed?”Hesaidtheyneedsomewarmclothes.Laurieimmediatelycontactedthecommunityandwasabletoorganizeaclothingdrive.（Laurie问乔治：“你和那些外来务工人员需要什么?”他说他们需要一些暖和的衣服。Laurie立即联系了社区，并组织了一场衣物捐赠活动。）”可知，Laurie不仅花功夫将钱包送还，还帮助了他们解决了他们的急需，可推断出她是一个体贴有爱心的人。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“noneofthiscommunitybuildingorfriendshipwouldhavehappenedifthewallethadstayedinGeorge’spocket.（如果钱包还在乔治的口袋里，这些社区建设和友谊都不会发生）”可推断，作者对于Laurie的善举很是赞赏。故选C。12．B

13．C

14．B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录了去西藏观察藏羚羊的经历，并且在与导游扎西的沟通中了解到保护藏羚羊，保护自然的重要性。由此感悟：人类应与自然和谐共生。12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Ontheplaininfrontofus,wecanjustmakeoutaherdofgracefulanimals.Thisiswhywe’rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.(在我们面前的平原上，勉强可以辨认出一群姿态优美的动物。这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。)”可知，作者去西藏的目的是为了观察姿态优美的动物——藏羚羊。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Theirhabitatswerebecomingsmallerasnewroadsandrailwayswerebuilt.(随着新的公路和铁路的修建，它们的栖息地变得越来越小。)”可知，新公路和铁路的修建，使藏羚羊的栖息地变少，所以C项“建立新的公路和铁路”不是为了保护藏羚羊，故选C。14．推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段“Intheevening,Idrinkacupofteaandwatchthestars.IthinkabouttheantelopesandwhatZhaxitoldme.Muchisbeingdonetoprotectwildlife,butifwereallywanttosavetheplanet,wemustchangeourwayoflife.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.(在晚上，我喝着茶看星星。我想起了藏羚羊和扎西对我说的话。我们已经做了很多工作来保护野生动物，但如果我们真的想拯救地球，我们必须改变我们的生活方式。只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的地球的威胁。)”可知，从本文中我们可以推断：如果我们不与自然和谐相处，我们的生命就会结束。故选B。15．D

16．A

17．A

18．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AnurudhGanesan因为想要帮助孩子们都能获得疫苗，避免死亡，发明了Vaxxwagon，可以将疫苗运送到更远的地方。15．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Everyyear,1.5millionkidsaroundtheworlddieasaresultofnotgettingvaccines(疫苗).Thisispartlybecausetransporting(运送)andstoringmedicinescanbeahugechallengeinsomecountries.(每年，全世界有150万儿童因为没有接种疫苗而死亡。这在一定程度上是因为运输和储存药物在一些国家可能是一个巨大的挑战。)”和第二段“Butbythetimetheyarrived,thevaccineswerenolongerusablebecausetheyhadbeenoverheated.(但是当他们到达的时候，疫苗已经不能再使用了，因为它们已经过热了。)”可知，每年都有许多儿童因为得不到有效的疫苗而死亡。故选D。16．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThehighschoolstudentinventedVaxxwagon,aportable(轻便的)vaccine-carryingdevice(装置)thatproducesitsownpowertokeeplifesavingmedicinescoolasthey’redeliveredtoremoteareasaroundtheworld.(这名高中生发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置——Vaxxwagon。当救命的药物被送到世界各地的偏远地区时，这种装置可以自己产生能量，保持药物的低温。)”可知，Vaxxwagon的特殊之处在于它是一个带有冷却系统的装置，将救生药物运送到世界各地的偏远地区。故选A。17．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“AlthoughAnurudhreceivedthevaccineheneededintheend,hisexperienceasababyandthesadrealitythatsomanyotherchildrenaren’tasluckymotivated(激发)himtotakeaction.ThehighschoolstudentinventedVaxxwagon,aportable(轻便的)vaccine-carryingdevice(装置)thatproducesitsownpowertokeeplifesavingmedicinescoolasthey’redeliveredtoremoteareasaroundtheworld.(虽然Anurudh最终接受了他所需要的疫苗，但他在婴儿时期的经历，以及其他许多孩子都没有这么幸运的悲惨现实，促使他采取行动。这名高中生发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置——Vaxxwagon。当救命的药物被送到世界各地的偏远地区时，这种装置可以自己产生能量，保持药物的低温。)”根据倒数第二段“AnurudhsayshisfinalgoalistostartsellingVaxxwagontorelieforganizations,soitcanbeusedtohelppeoplearoundtheworld.”（阿努鲁德说，他的最终目标是开始向救援组织出售Vaxxw