图书馆与Web 20创新服务模式

圖書館與Web2.0創新服務模式卜小蝶臺灣師範大學圖書資訊學研究所

6/1/2007大綱前言Web2.0的創新服務模式圖書館的2.0策略結語前言ForthePast(Library1.0)BookReaderLibraryRecently…Wikipediavs.BritannicaGoogle+Yahoo!奇摩知識+vs.LibraryBlog+YouTubevs.MassMediaOpenAccessvs.PublishingXMLvs.MARC……Wheredoyoutypicallybeginyoursearchforinformationonaparticulartopic?CollegeStudentsResponse:89%Searchengines(Google62%)2% LibraryWebSite(totalrespondents->1%)2% OnlineDatabase1% E-mail1%OnlineNews1% Onlinebookstores0% InstantMessaging/OnlineChatOCLC(2005).PerceptionsofLibrariesandInformationResources.FortheCurrent(Library2.0)環境掃瞄

(EnvironmentalScanning)個人(Individual)組織(Organization)社會(Society)想想自己圖書館員是份好職業5ofthemostunpopularjobs(CNN,2006)2021年時館員平均65歲，引發退休潮薪水太低，年輕人較不感興趣Bestcareers(USNews&Reports,2007)較理想的薪水、地位及生活品質，工作時間固定、通常不需加班、工作環境賞心悅目即使人人都可以使用Google上網搜尋資料，但面對浩瀚的電子資源，仍感覺離不開圖書館員的協助。傳統“書蟲〞式的人物搖身成為高科技資訊領域的靈光人士://:82/gate/big5/news.eastday/w/20070512/u1a2825557.html5ofthemostunpopularjobsRegisterednurseMachinistLibrarianTruckdriverPharmacistn/2006/US/Careers/02/08//index.html.usnews/usnews/biztech

/best_careers_2007/careertable.htm25BestCareersTheNewLibraryProfessional

--FeralProfessionals1985,7%2005,23%<35歲薪水較高(>$54,000)多從事IT相關職務(58%)男生居多沒有圖資訓練背景能力較多元://chronicle/jobs/news/2007/02/2007022001c/careers.html看看組織從ARL的統計談起電子資源持續上升電子資源平均佔37%的經費預算“擷取〞比“擁有〞重要每年購買電子期刊平均上升6.6%“讀〞者還是不少流通次數微幅下降(-0.5%或-1.2%)，但仍維持每年約47萬筆流通人次讀者服務內涵改變參考諮詢是下降最快的服務項目(-4.6%)利用指導與館際互借次數上升幅度較高(3.3%,6.7%)人力穩定持平約270人./bm~doc/arlstat05.pdfATypicalARLLibrary(2005)每年200萬美金預算約267名員工服務22,047名學生，1,355位教員購買22,404種期刊，30,217冊圖書473,216流通次數，25,729次館際互借66,300次參考諮詢803場利用指導，13,782參加人次量未變，質變？/intro/001_6.html聽聽社會無紙社會終於來臨?“Mostpeopleareawarethatanationalswitchtodigitalbroadcastingisexpectedbytheendofthisdecade.Lesswellknownisthefactthatasimilartrendisunderwayintheworldofpublishing:bytheyear2021,40%ofUKresearchmonographswillbeavailableinelectronicformatonly,whileafurther50%willbeproducedinbothprintanddigital.Amere10%ofnewtitleswillbeavailableinprintaloneby2021〞.bl.uk/about/strategic/pdf/blstrategy20052021.pdfFutureLibrary?

(AppleFlagshipinLondon).mondiale.co.uk/mondoarc/apple.html誠品社區圖書館長尾效應(LongTailEffect)積少成多，

80/20原則50/50原則短尾效應(ShortTailEffect)台灣網路產業呈短尾現象Yahoo!奇摩每月總瀏覽網頁數超過全台灣前100名網站總和Reachrate98%，每日700萬人次流量，佔有近7成的網路廣告市場創市際市場研究顧問2006/12ARO網路行為測量資料庫居安思危沒有“書〞，還需要圖書館嗎?別人作得比我好，還需要我嗎?當多數業務都已外包，圖書館／館員的

核心價值或競爭優勢為何?不斷創新！RedefiningtheLibrary

(大英圖書館ChiefExecutive的想法)1.Knowyourusersandkeepclosetothem(andyourlostusersandyournon-users)2.Re-thinkthephysicalspacesofthelibraryandcreatea“desirabledraw〞3.Integratemarketinginyourorganisationandinthewayyouapproachstrategyandservicedevelopment4.Openupyourlegacyprintcollectionstodigitalchannelsandrevealthemthroughdigitisation5.Reducelegacycostsandcontinuetoimproveproductivityintraditionallibraryactivities6.Investmoreininnovationanddigitalactivities7.Developourpeopleandensurethatwehavetherightmixofskills.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/2006/proceedings/brindley_final_web.pdfChangingaCulturalIcon:TheAcademicLibraryasaVirtualDestination

〔一位美國大學圖書館館長的想法〕ProvidingqualitylearningspacesCreatingmetadataOfferingvirtualreferenceservicesTeachinginformationliteracyChoosingresourcesandmanagingresourcelicensesCollectinganddigitizingarchivalmaterialsMaintainingdigitalrepositories./ir/library/pdf/erm0610.pdf您的想法？Web2.0的創新服務模式何謂Web2.0?有何創新?://youtube/watch?v=6gmP4nk0EOE&feature=dir高等教育的6大科技趨勢1年以內User-CreatedContentSocialNetworking2-3年MobilePhonesVirtualWorlds4-5年TheNewScholarshipandEmergingFormsofPublicationMassivelyMultiplayerEducationalGaming./pdf/2007_Horizon_Report.pdfWeb2.0ThinkingGameWeb1.0:AOLbuysTimeWarner.Web2.0:GooglebuysYouTube.Web1.0:onlinefor4hoursadayWeb2.0:onlinefor14hoursadayWeb1.0:withoutcommentWeb2.0:withcommentsWeb1.0-ActuallydesignwebsiteWeb2.0-Attendandhosthundredsofconferences.Web1.0:Oldfolkshavenoclue.Web2.0:Myparentsjustleftacommentonmyblog..zeldman/2006/10/17/web-20-thinking-game/Web1.0:Couldn’twaittogetinvolvedWeb2.0:Can’twaitfor2.0topass.Web1.0:Contentisking!Web2.0:Contributedcontentisking!(iethecommentsaremoreinformativethantheoriginalpost)Web1.0:AudienceWeb2.0:CommunitiesWeb1.0:Geeksdoit.Web2.0:Everybodydoesit.MeasuringtheParticipatoryWebWeb2.0的2006年成長率668%Wikipedia:Encarta=3400:1參與程度0.16%YouTube0.20%Flickr4.59%Wikipedia(entryedits)年齡Wikipedia35-55；YouTube25-54性別Wikipedia60/40；YouTube76/24Hitwise..businessweek/the_thread/blogspotting/archives/pdf/TancerWeb2expo1.pdfStateoftheBlogosphere

70millionblogs(15.3millionor21%"active"),120,000newblogsperday,1.5millionnewpostsperday12%ofthetop100sites6monthsagowereblogs,andnow22%;Mainstreammediaisstillatthetop;88%ofthetop100isdifferentthanoneyearagoInfluentialbloggerspostmorefrequently,onaveragetwiceaday;atleast1-2years."magicmiddle"bloggers(about3M)postonaverageonceaday.Japanese(37%),English(33%),undercounts:French,KoreanandChinese230milliontagsovertwoyears,37%usingauthortagsTechnorati.sifry/stateoftheliveweb/图书馆职业的十大敌人GoogleBaiduAmazonDangdangDoubanOCLCLibraryThingW3CAskjeeves(Ask)Starbucks/21_a_03.ppt

/21_a_03.ppt

./21_a_03.ppt是敵人還是朋友?圖書館的2.0策略Web2.0的啟示使用者參與去中介者化(Disintermediation)資訊需求者＝資訊提供者量變引起質變豐富的內容與關聯人人為我、我為人人網路應用成功法則簡單由下而上實例介紹主任2.0館長2.0館員2.0

(由中-而上-而下)“真正〞瞭解使用者(User2.0)先經營館員社群行銷免不了先盡好本份(以OPAC2.0為例)AADLDirector’sBlog./directorsblogLibrarianasaBlogger梁董的吧台後姜義臺的網路圖書館LibraryViewsKeven’sBlog秋聲Blog編目精靈XXC’sBlog程煥文的博客老槐也博客閱讀的所在閱讀浩然BlogLibrarianasaWikimania.pbwiki/Princeton%20Public%20LibraryLibrarianasaPodcaster./clickastory/LibrarianasaKnowledgeAdvisorLibrarian2.0can’tgetawayfromITRFIDE-Paper/InkSemanticTechSOA&MDAData/KnowledgeMiningPKMVOIPP2PGridPreservationTech…Librarian2.0stillneedsPassion(態度要熱情)Competence(能力要學習)Resource(機會要主動)SocialTechnogrphics://blogs.forrester/charleneli/2007/04/forresters_new_.htmlGameGeneration./gaming/.flickr/groups/librariancards/pool/LibrarianTradingCardsLibrariansgottogetherintheSecondLifeAADLMySpaceBranch.myspace/annarbordistrictlibrary./sirexkat/flying-librarians-of-oz-whats-all-the-fuss-about-second-life-and-whats-it-got-to-do-with-libraries/TheHollywoodLibrarian.youtube/watch?v=A8kd4fC1bwoWhyOPACHardtoUse?WhyAreOnlineCatalogsHardtoUse?

(Borgman,1986)WhyOnl