考研真题：广东暨南大学2020年英语水平考试真题

考研真题：暨南大学2020年[英语水平]考试真题PartI.VocabularyandStructure(30points)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthissection.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandwriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.1.Hisworkshed______yetnecessarylightonanimportantwaytoslowthespreadofthisdeadlyvirus.A.provisionalB.seductiveC.insultingD.disturbing2.Thenewchemicalwill________thiskindofinsectsinthisarea.A.eliminateB.prosecuteC.quenchD.quilt3.Ihavetosaythis,butthiscoatyou’vejustboughtismadeof_______fur;itisnotrealmink.A.coarseB.genuineC.slipperyD.counterfeit4.Plasticbagsareusefulforholdingmanykindsoffood,______theircleanness,toughnessandlowcost.A.byvirtueofB.inadditiontoC.forthesakeofD.asopposedto5.Itmustguaranteefreedomofexpressiontotheendthatall_________totheflowofideasshallberemoved.A.propheciesB.transactionsC.argumentsD.hindrances6.Thiswarmairwas,needlesstosay,theperfectenvironmentfortherapidgrowthofdisease-carrying______originatingfromoutsidethebuilding.A.germB.microbeC.fungusD.bacteria7.Traditionally,adarksuitis______toalightoneforeveningwear.A.alternateB.choosableC.selectiveD.preferable8.Ihavereplacedmyold______typewriterwithanelectricone.A.artificialB.manualC.automaticD.synthetic9.Fourpoliceofficerssustained______intheexplosion.A.ruinsB.injuriesC.damagesD.spoilsTheprofessorfoundhimselfconstantly______thequestion:“Howcouldanyonedothesethings?”A.presidingB.poringC.ponderingD.presuming11.Weeks_______beforeanyonewasarrestedinconnectionwiththebankrobbery.A.terminatedB.elapsedC.overlappedD.expired12.Hisattemptto________thetwofriendsfailedbecausetheyhadcompletefaithineachother.A.alienateB.abuseC.alleviateD.abandon13.BuildingtheBird’sNestcallsforgiantcurvingbeamswhichcrisscrossinan______patternofwovensteel.A.intuitiveB.intensiveC.intrinsicD.intricate14.Older,lessdogmatictheoriesbetterexplainedhowtheproblemsinthefinancial_____draggeddowntherestoftheeconomy.A.charterB.sessionC.chapelD.sector15.Languagemaybe_______ofasaprocesswhicharisesfromsocialinteraction.A.comprisedB.conceivedC.disposedD.deprived16.Imeant__________thematterwithyou,butIhadsomegueststhere.A.discussB.discussingC.havingdiscussedD.tohavediscussed17.Anystudent_______inchesscanapplyformembership.A.haveakeeninterestB.withakeeninterestC.whoiskeenlyinterestedD.whenkeenlyinteresting18._________,shestoodatthefrontdoorwaitingforherhusbandtoreturn.A.BeingfinishedprepareddinnerB.HavingfinishedpreparingdinnerC.FinishedpreparingdinnerD.Havingfinishedtopreparedinner19.Allthisleadstoapopulationinthetwenty-firstcenturythatissmaller______fearedfewyearsago.A.thanwasB.thatwasC.thanthatD.itwas20._________willMr.Peterbeabletoregaincontrolofthecompany.A.OnlyhardworkB.OnlyifheworkshardC.WithhardworkD.Inspiteofhishardwork21.Oneoftherequirementsforafireisthatthematerial_______toitsburningtemperature.A.heatedB.beheatedC.tobeheatedD.beingheated22.Theearthquake______nothavecomeataworsetimeforthewar-torncountry.A.couldB.mustC.mightD.should23.Theboystudentsinthisschoolarenearly_____asthegirlstudentstosaytheyintendtogetacollegedegreeinbusiness.A.twiceaslikelyB.likelyastwiceC.astwicelikelyD.aslikelytwice24.Ifthewholeoperation_______beforehand,agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.A.wasnotplannedB.hasnotbeenplannedC.hadnotbeenplannedD.werenotplanned25.Applepieis_______neithergoodnorbad;itisthewayitisusedthatdeterminesitsvalue.A.atitselfB.asitselfC.onitselfD.initself26.________usearlier,________yourrequesttothefull.A.Youhavecontacted…wecouldcomplywithB.Hadyoucontacted…wecouldhavecompliedwithC.Youhadcontacted…couldwehavecompliedwithD.Haveyoucontacted…wecouldcomplywith27.Theexplosiononthesuncannotbeheard,there_________noairbetweentheearth’satmosphereandthesun.A.isB.wasC.beingD.be28.______bythehostaddedtohisuneasiness.A.HisneglectingB.HisbeingneglectedC.HeisneglectedD.Hehadbeenneglected29.Everyman,womanandchildinthiscommunity_______nowawareoftheterribleconsequencesofthehabitofsmoking.A.isB.areC.wasD.were30.Asaresult,themissionoftheschool,alongwiththecultureoftheclassroom,_______.A.wasslowlytochangeB.areslowlychangedC.isslowlychangedD.haveslowlychangedPartII.Proof-readingandErrorCorrection（10points）Directions:Proofreadthegivenpassageasinstructed.ThepassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway:ForawrongwordUnderlinethewrongandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedontheanswersheet.ForamissingwordMarkthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedontheanswersheet.ForanunnecessarywordCrosstheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/”andputthewordintheblankprovidedontheanswersheet.Statussymbolsaresignsthatidentifytheirpossessors’placeinasocialhierarchy,markersofrankandprestigious.Wecanallthinkanynumberofstatussymbols—Rolls-Royces,BeverlyHillsmansions,evenSharPeipuppies(whoserarenessandexpensehasrocketedthembeyondRussianwolfhoundsasstatuspetsandhasevenaspiredwholelinesofwrinkle-facedstuffedtoys)—buthowdoweknowthatsomethingisastatussymbol?Theexplainisquitesimple:whenanobject(orpuppy)eithercostsalotofmoneyorrequiresinfluentialconnectionstopossessit,anyonewhopossessesitmustalsopossessthenecessitymeansandinfluencetoacquireit.Theobjectitselfreallydoesn’tmatter,sinceitultimatedisappearsbehindthepresumedsocialimpotencyofitsowner.Semiotically,whatmattersisthesignalitsends,itsvalueasasignofpower.Onetraditionalsignofsocialextinctionisowningacountryestateandenjoyingthepeaceandprivacythatattendit.AdvertisementsforMercedes-Benz,Jaguar,andAudiautomobilesthusfrequentlyfeaturemotoringquietlyalongacountryroad,presumablyontheirwaytoorfromtheircountryhouses.1.____________2.____________3.____________4.____________5.____________6.____________7.____________8.____________9.____________10.____________PartIII.Cloze(20points)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Youarerequiredtoreadthepassageandfillineachbankwithawordfromthewordbank,andchangetheformwherenecessary.Donotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.adopttowardeconomycontributethrivepickupquantumreachurbanbyinitiatecoordinateimplementwithremainoutboundreserveregiongetupinruralastronomyendeavorleadsupply-sideWehave1committedtothenewdevelopmentphilosophy,2therightapproachtodevelopment,and3totransformthegrowthmodel.Theresulthasbeenaconstantimprovementinthequalityandeffectofdevelopment.Theeconomyhasmaintainedamedium-highgrowthrate,makingChinaa4amongthemajor5.Withthegrossdomesticproductrisingfrom54trillionto80trillionYuan,Chinahasmaintaineditspositionastheworld’ssecondlargesteconomyand6morethan30percentofglobaleconomicgrowth.7structuralreformhasmadefurtherheadway,bringingasteadyimprovementintheeconomicstructure.Emergingindustrieslikethedigitaleconomyare8;theconstructionofhigh-speedrailways,highways,bridges,ports,airports,andothertypesofinfrastructurehas9pace.Agriculturalmodernizationhassteadilyadvanced,withannualgrainproduction10600millionmetrictons.Thelevelof11hasrisen12anannualaverageof1.2percentagepoints,andmorethan80millionpeoplewhohavemovedfromruraltourbanareashavegainedpermanenturbanresidency.Regionaldevelopmenthasbecomemorebalanced;theBeltandRoad13,the14developmentoftheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion,andthedevelopmentoftheYangtzeEconomicBelthaveallmadenotableprogress.Throughdevotinggreatenergyto15theinnovation-drivendevelopmentstrategy,wehaveseenmuchaccomplished16makingChinaacountryofinnovators,17majoradvancesmadeinscienceandtechnology,includingthesuccessfullaunchofTiangong-2spacelab,thecommissioningofthedeep-seamannedsubmersibleJiaolongandofthefive-hundred-meteraperturesphericaltelescope(FAST)Tianyan,thelaunchofthedarkmatterprobesatelliteWukongandthe18sciencesatelliteMozi,andthetestflightoftheairlinerC919.ConstructiononislandsandreefsintheSouthChinaSeahasseensteadyprogress.Thenewinstitutionsoftheopeneconomyhavebeensteadilyimproved.Chinanowleadstheworldintrade,19investment,andforeignexchange20.PartIV.ReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:Inthissection,therearethreepassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestanswerandwritetheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Passage1Since1992,theU.S.hasofferedIsraelanadditional$2billionannuallyinloanguarantees.Congressionalresearchershavedisclosedthatbetween1974and1989,$16.4billioninU.S.militaryloanswereconvertedtograntsandthatthiswastheunderstandingfromthebeginning.Indeed,allpastU.S.loanstoIsraelhaveeventuallybeenforgivenbyCongress,whichhasundoubtedlyhelpedIsrael’soften-toutedclaimthattheyhaveneverdefaultedonaU.S.governmentloan.U.S.policysince1984hasbeenthateconomicassistancetoIsraelmustequalorexceedIsrael’sdebtrepaymenttotheUnitedStates.Unlikeothercountries,whichreceiveaidinquarterlyinstallments,aidtoIsraelsince1982hasbeengiveninalumpsumatthebeginningofthefiscalyear,leavingtheU.S.governmenttoborrowfromfuturerevenues.IsraelevenlendssomeofthismoneybackthroughU.S.treasurybillsandcollectstheadditionalinterest.Inaddition,thereismorethan$1.5billioninprivateU.S.fundsthatgoestoIsraelannuallyintheformof$1billioninprivatetax-deductibledonationsand$500millioninIsraelibonds.TheabilityofAmericanstomakewhatamountstotax-deductiblecontributionstoaforeigngovernment,madepossiblethroughanumberofJewishcharities,doesnotexistwithanyothercountry.Nordothesefiguresincludeshort-and-longtermcommercialsloansfromU.S.banks,whichhavebeenashighas$1billionannuallyinrecentyears.TotalU.S.aidtoIsraelisapproximatelyone-thirdoftheAmericanforeign-aidbudget,eventhoughIsraelcomprisesjust0.001percentoftheworld’spopulationandalreadyhasoneoftheworld’shigherpercapitaincomes.Indeed,Israel’sGNPishigherthanthecombinedGNPofEgypt,Lebanon,Syria,Jordan,theWestBankandGaza.Withapercapitaincomeofabout$14,000,Israelranksasthesixteenthwealthiestcountryintheworld;Israelisenjoyahigherpercapitaincomethanoil-richSaudiArabiaandareonlyslightlylesswell-offthanmostWesternEuropeancountries.AIDdoesnottermeconomicaidtoIsraelasdevelopmentalassistance,butinsteadusestheterm“economicsupportfunding”.GivenIsrael’srelativeprosperity,U.S.aidtoIsraelisbecomingincreasinglycontroversial.In1994,YossiBeilen,deputyforeignministerofIsraelandaKnessetmember,toldtheWomen’sInternationalZionistOrganization,“Ifoureconomicsituationisbetterthanmanyofyourcountries,howcanwegoonaskingforyourcharity?”1.Accordingtothepassage,AmericaneconomicassistancetoIsraeltookallthefollowingformsEXCEPT________.A.privatefundsB.commercialloansfromU.S.banksC.governmentgrantsD.governmentdonations2.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsAmericaneconomicaidtoIsrael?A.Appreciative.B.Disapproving.C.Ambiguous.D.Difficulttotell.3.WhatisthemainreasonwhyU.S.aidtoIsraelisbecomingcontroversial?A.ThelargesumofloanstoIsrael.B.Americanfinancialsituation.C.TherelativeprosperityofIsrael’seconomy.D.SurveyofU.S.Congressionalresearchers.4.ThewordsofthedeputyforeignministerofIsraelindicatethat________.A.JewishcharitiesprovidedgreathelpforIsraelB.Israelactuallydoesn’tdeserveAmericaneconomicaidC.AmericanisobligedtogiveIsraeleconomicaidD.Israel’seconomyisworsening.5.ItcanbeinferredfromIsrael’s“often-toutedclaim”that_______.A.IsraelwassatisfiedwiththeabilityinrepayingalltheloansfromAmericaB.U.S.governmentshouldnotworryabouttheIsrael’seconomicdevelopment.C.U.S.economicaidtoIsraelwasawrongdecision.D.AmericaneconomicassistancetoIsraelwassuccessful.

Passage2Whatmightdrivingonanautomatedhighwaybelike？Theanswerdependsonwhatkindofsystemisultimatelyadopted.Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard.Thefirstisaspecial-purposelanesystem，inwhichcertainlanesarereservedforautomatedvehicles.Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem:fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanuallydrivencars.Aspecial-purposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways，butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreewaycapacity.Undereitherscheme，thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination，furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.Ifamixedtrafficsystemwasinplace，automateddrivingcouldbeginwheneverthedriverwasonsuitablyequippedroads.Ifspecial-purposelaneswereavailable，thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp.Asthedriverapproachedthepointofentryforthehighway，devicesinstalledontheroadsidewouldelectronicallycheckthevehicletodetermineitsdestinationandtoascertainthatithadtheproperautomationequipmentingoodworkingorder.Assumingitpassedsuchtests，thedriverwouldthenbeguidedthroughagateandtowardanautomatedlane.Inthiscase，thetransitionfrommanualtoautomatedcontrolwouldtakeplaceontheentranceramp.Analternativetechniquecouldemployconventionallaneswhichwouldbesharedbyautomatedandregularvehicles.Thedriverwouldsteerontothehighwayandmoveinnormalfashiontoa“transition”lane.Thevehiclewouldthenshiftundercomputercontrolontoalanereservedforautomatedtraffic(Thelimitationoftheselanestoautomatedtrafficwould，presumably，bewellrespected，becausealltrespasserscouldbeswiftlyidentifiedbyauthorities.).Eitherapproachtojoiningalaneofautomatedtrafficwouldharmonizethemovementofnewlyenteringvehicleswiththosealreadytraveling.Automaticcontrolhereshouldallowforsmoothmerging,withouttheusualuncertaintiesandpotentialforaccidents.Onceavehiclehadsettledintoautomatedtravel，thedriverwouldbefreetoreleasethewheel，openthemorningpaperorjustrelax.6.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthattwosystemsofautomatedhighways_______.A.arebeingplannedB.arebeingmodifiedC.arenowinwideuseD.areunderconstruction7.Aspecial-purposelanesystemisprobablyadvantageousinthat__________.A.itwouldrequireonlyminorchangestoexistinghighwayB.itwouldachievethegreatesthighwaytrafficefficiencyC.ithasalaneforbothautomatedandpartiallyautomatedvehiclesD.itoffersmorelanesforautomatedvehicles8.Thedriversneedto__________toworkwellunderthetwotrafficsystems.A.installaspecialsensorinthecarB.tellcomputerthedestinationbeforesettingoffC.furnishtheinteriorofthevehicleD.driveontheautomatedhighway9.Weknowfromthepassagethatacarcanenteraspecial-purposelane_______.A.bysmoothlymergingwithcarsontheconventionallaneB.bywayofarampwithelectroniccontroldevicesC.throughaspecially-guardedgateD.afteralltrespassersareidentifiedandremoved10.Whendrivinginanautomatedlane,thedriver_________A.shouldharmonizewithnewlyenteringcarsB.doesn’thavetorelyonhiscomputersystemC.shouldwatchoutforpotentialaccidentsD.doesn’thavetoholdtothesteeringwheelPassage3Developingapeaceful,understanding,andsupportiverelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenisnotaneasytask.Failurescananddooccuratanyagelevel,andattimestheresultsaretheabuse,neglect,andevendeathofchildren.Childabusehasbecomeamajortopicinchilddevelopmentandanissueofmuchnationalconcern.Inthespanoffourlegislativeyears,1963-1967,allfiftystatesenactedlawscallingforthereportingofinjuriesinflictedonchildren.By1973,theUnitedStatesCongresspassedtheChildAbusePreventionandTreatmentAct(PublicLaw93-247).Thislawnotonlyreflectedthemoodofconcernedcitizens,butalsodidmuchtoclearuptheconfusionanddisagreementoverwhatischildabuse.Thequestion“Whatcauseschildabuse?”haspromptedmuchdebate.Thesinglemostpersistentmythwhichhadplaguedeffortstounderstandcausesisthenotionthatparentswhoabusechildrenarementallydisturbedorill.Althoughthereisspecificpsychiatricdiagnosiswhichcomprisesthebehaviorandpersonalitiesofabuser,theyseemtoshareacommonstyleofchildrearing.Thoseparentsdemandhighlevelsofchildperformanceandtheyoftenuseseverephysicalpunishmenttoensurethechild’sproperbehavior.Abusiveparentsthemselveswereraisedinsimilarfamilysituationsandtheirownchildhoodexperiencehasalastinginfluenceontheirbehaviorsofadults.Currentresearchhassuggested,however,thatthe“abuserissick”hypothesisistoolimited.Abroadersocial,psychologicalapproachrecognizesthatsomepersonalproblemsareimplicitbutthatpsychologicalfactorsariseoutofasocialcontext.Socialfactorsincludeunemployment,socialisolation,andunwantedpregnancy.Moreover,findingthatabuseoccursmorefrequentlyinlargerfamiliesandfamilieswithlowincome,pooreducation,andlowoccupationalstatussuggeststhatmanysuchparentscannotwithstandthetwenty-four-a-dayresponsibilitytoraiseandcarefortheirchildren.Theseproblemsaggravatethesituation,especiallywhencombinedwiththegeneralapprovalinourcultureofviolence.11.Thisselectionsuggeststhatchildabuseis________.A.agrowingproblemwhosecausesarefullyunderstoodB.causedprimarilybythementalillnessofparentsC.aproblemintheUnitedStates,butagreateroneinEuropeD.easilydeterminedbecauseofrecentpubliclaws12.Wecanknowfromthesecondparagraphthatthelawpassedin1973______.A.receivedlittleattentionfromthepublicB.wascondemnedbyabusiveparentsC.wasaimedtoexpandwelfareprogramsoftheUnitedStatesD.helpedmuchinclarifyingtheproblem13.Thepersonwhoisleastlikelytobeachild-abusingparentistheonewho______.A.wasraisedinabusivefamilysituationhimselfB.createsapeacefulandsupportivefamilyenvironmentforhischildC.isunemployedorsociallyisolatedD.ismentallyill14.Whichoneofthefollowingismostprobablyacauseofchildabuse?A.Toohighanincomeoftheparents.B.Unemploymentoftheparents.C.Poorhealthofthechild.D.Peculiarpersonalitiesofthechild.15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthormostlikelytoagreewith?A.ViolenceonTVmaycontributetochildabuse.B.Medicaldoctorsarelargelytoblameforunreportedcasesofchildabuse.C.Themediashouldnotdescribethedetailsofchildabusecases.D.Violencei