2023年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案篇

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Weliveinanincreasinglydeodorizedworld.Inrecentyears,lawshavebeenpassedprohibiting“offensive”bodyodorinpublicspacessuchaslibraries,aswellaspoliciesthatbanthewearingofscentedproductsorperfumestowork.Someofficeemployeesarenotevenallowedtobring“smelly”foodtowork.Asuddenspateofscentedtechnologiespromisestoreversethetrendbysimulatingscentsforconsumers.Althoughscentedtechnologieshavebeenderidedasgimmicks,failinginboththesmellandtechnologycategories,they’reproofthatsomethingisliterallyintheairanditmightevensmelllikerosesemanatingfromawristwatchtotellyouthatit’s3o’clock.MoresophisticatedandambitiousistheoPhone(“o”for“olfactory”).DevelopedbyHarvardengineeringprofessorDavidEdwards,alongwithhisstudentsRachelFieldandAmyYinandahandfulofdesignersandartistsatLeLaboratoirethinktankinParis,theoPhone,initsrealizedstate,willallowuserstosendthescentequivalentofsentencesandparagraphs,thankstooChipsthatcanproducehundredsandeventually,thousandsofodorsignals.Thesequencingcouldcreateanewlanguageofthenose.TheoPhonewillbecommerciallyavailableinthefuture.Scentedtechnologieshavetheirdetractors.Anti-techfolksseethesetechnologiesaspartofanongoingefforttoalienateusfromenjoyinganunmediatedrelationtoreality.(Stopandsmelltherosesonarosebush,theywouldsay,notthesimulated,rose-scentpuffingfromyourphone.)Andthentherearethetechpuristswhoseemtomeasurethedevicesonlyintermsoftheirconventionalutility.Describinganearlyscentedtechnologythatlostfundingthe2001Digiscents’iSmell,whichwassupposedtoconnecttoyourPC’sUSBporttoprovideanolfactorydimensiontotheInternetexperience,awriterforCnameditoneofthe50worstfailsintechhistory,claiming,“Wecan’tseewhyanyonewouldneedoneofthesefatalflaws:Ridiculousconcept.”Butperhapsratherthanseeingattemptsaddingscenttotechnologyasasignofourseparationfromreality,orcomplainingthattheydon’tfulfillanurgentneed,weshouldseetheseeffortsasarapprochementbetweentechnologyandsmell,andatriumphforourolfactorysensethatsomewouldrepress.Freeyournoseandyourmindwillfollow.46.Whichofthefollowinghasgotlegislativeattentionaccordingtothepassage?47.Accordingtothepassage,scentedtechnology______.48.Accordingtothepassage,thenoveltyofoPhoneisthat______.49.Accordingtothepassage,someopposedtothescentedtechnologiesfortheythink______.50.Accordingtothepassage,whatwouldbetheattitudeofthewritertoscentedtechnologies?问题1选项A.SmellyfoodB.ScentedproductsC.OffensivebodyodorD.Peoplewearingperfumes问题2选项A.hasnotbeenofficiallycategorizedB.hasdonesomethingintheairC.isnotregardedasanewtechnologyD.isregardedassomethingmysterious问题3选项A.odorsignalswillberecordedB.noselanguagewillbecreatedC.engineeringandartareunitedD.scentequivalenceareinvented问题4选项A.thereisadangertolosefundingB.peopleprefertoliveconventionallyC.rosescentmaynevercomeoutofphonesD.peoplemaylosechancetoenjoyrealitydirectly问题5选项A.OptimisticB.RealisticC.RomanticD.Indifferent2.翻译题Oncampus,youwillquicklydiscoverthatanimportantpartofthecultureisawillingnesstostayengagedwithproblemsandarguments,tokeeppushingforasharedvocabularyandasharedunderstanding.Youwillencounterapost-Enlightenmentsensibility,underwhichmoreandmorecornersofhumanexperiencearesusceptibletocriticalanalysisanddebate.Fewerandfewerdomainsoflifefeellikemattersofpurelypersonaltaste—chocolateorvanilla—thingsthataretruly“just,like,youropinion.”Andyouwillfindyourselfspendingmanyhours,lateatnightandearlyinthemorning,searchingforthatsharedunderstanding.Andhereyouwilldiscoveroneoftheuniversity’sgreatstrengthsasacommunity.Itdoesn’ttakemuchworktosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisprettymuchlikeyou.Butittakesrealefforttosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisdifferent.Themostprofoundoptimismunderlyinghighereducationtodayisthesimultaneousrecognitionthat,ontheoneband,differencesofview,background,andperspectivearerealandimportant,and,ontheotherhand,peoplewhoholdthosedifferencescancometogetherforfouryearsonabeautifulhilltop,listentooneanotherwithtoleranceandrespect,andengage.3.单选题Televisionadvertisinghasbeenunderconstantscrutinyforthelastfewyears.问题1选项A.counterattackB.pressureC.revisionD.examination4.单选题Thelegislativefilibusterisaparliamentarytacticdesignedtodelayorpreventactionbythemajority.问题1选项A.observanceB.traditionC.ruleD.maneuver5.翻译题中国与西方国家的合作是互利的。中国经济的发展，不仅改善了本国人民的生活，也为世界经济的增长提供了新的推动力，为发达国家提供了更多的商业机会。中国是一个潜力巨大的新兴市场，西方国家技术先进，资金雄厚，两者经济上具有很强的互补性。西方一些国家对华采取歧视性的贸易政策，不仅损人，最终也会损害自己的利益。6.填空题Directions:Inthispart,youwillreadapassage.Thenusingwordsorphrasesfromthepassagefillintheboxesinthefollowingdiagramtoindicatethepossiblesequencesofeventsbeforeandafteranearthquake.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1.Everyyearearthquakesareresponsibleforalargenumberofdeathsandavastamountofdestructioninvariouspartsoftheworld.MostofthesedamagingearthquakesoccureitherinanarrowbeltwhichsurroundsthePacificOceanorinalinewhichextendsfromBurmatotheAlpsinEurope.Someofthedestructionisdirectlycausedbythequakeitself.Anexampleofthisisthecollapseofbuildingsasaresultofvibration.Otherdamageresultsfromlandslides,tsunamis(largeoceanwaves)ormajorfireswhichareinitiatedbythequake.2.Thereareaboutamillionquakesayear.Fortunately,however,notallofthemaredestructive.TheintensityofanearthquakeismeasuredontheRichterScale,whichgoesfrom0upward.Thehighestmagnituderecordedtodateis8.9.Majordamagegenerallyoccursfromquakesrangingupwardsfrom6.0.Exceptionstothisarethosewhoseepicentersarelocatedfarfrominhabitedareas.3.Theactualcauseofthequakeitselfistherupturingorbreakingofrocksatorbelowtheearth’ssurface.Thisisproducedbypressurewhichscientistsbelievemaybeduetoanumberofreasons,twoofwhicharetheexpansionandcontractionoftheearth’scrustandcontinentaldrift.4.Inordertominimizethedamageandtoalleviatesomeofthesufferingresultingfromearthquakes,scientistsareworkingonwaystoenableaccurateprediction.Twooftheinstrumentspresentlyinusetoachievethisgoalareseismographsandtiltmeters.Theformerrecordsanyshakingoftheearth;bymeansofcalculationsseismologistscanaccuratelyindicatetheexacttime,locationandsizeofanearthquake.Thelatter,asthenamesuggests,isusedtorecordanychangesinthetiltoftheland.7.单选题Themegaphonemakesthevoicesoundbecauseitpointssoundwavesinonedirectionandkeepsthemfromspreadingoutinalldirections.问题1选项A.slitheringB.interferingC.radiatingD.murmuring8.单选题Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.TheUniversityofOklahoma,theUniversityofGeorgia,andTaiwan’sNationalChengchiUniversityeachindependentlyconductedalarge-scaleanalysisofsuchprograms.Allthreeteamsofscholarsconcludedthatcreativitytrainingcanhaveastrongeffect.“Creativitycanbetaught.”saysJamesC.Kaufman,professoratCaliforniaStateUniversity,SanBernardino.What’scommonaboutsuccessfulprogramsistheyalternatemaximumdivergentthinkingwithboutsofintenseconvergentthinking,throughseveralstages.Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.SowhatdoesthismeanforAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschools?Thekeyisinhowkidsworkthroughthevastcatalogofinformation.ConsidertheNationalInventorsHallofFameSchool,anewpublicmiddleschoolinAkron,Ohio.MindfulofOhio’scurriculumrequirements,theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.Workinginsmallteams,thefifthgradersfirstengagedinwhatcreativitytheoristDonaldTreffingerdescribesasfact-finding.Howdoessoundtravelthroughmaterials?Whatmaterialsreducenoisethemost?Then,problemfinding—anticipatingallpotentialpitfallssotheirdesignsaremorelikelytowork.Next,idea-findinggenerateasmanyideasaspossible.Drapes,plants,orlargekiteshungfromtheceilingwouldallbafflesound.Or,insteadofreducingthesound,maybemaskitbyplayingthesoundofgentlewaterfall?Aproposalfordouble-panedglassevolvedintoanideatofillthespacebetweenpaneswithwater.Next,solution-finding:whichideaswerethemosteffective,cheapest,andaestheticallypleasing?Fiberglassabsorbedsoundthebestbutwouldn’tbesafe.Wouldanaquariumwithfishbeeasierthanwater-filledpanes?Thenteamsdevelopedaplanofaction.Theybuiltscalemodelsandchosefabricsamples.Theyrealizedthey’dneedtopersuadeajanitortocarefortheplantsandfishduringvacation.Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.51.Thegoodnewsaboutthethreeteams’conclusionisthat______.52.Accordingtothepassagetheimprovementofdivergentandconvergentthinkingtakeplace______.53.ThesubjectsoftheprojectinanAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschoolare______.54.Accordingtotheauthor,theteamsintheschoolprojecthavegonethroughthefollowingstepsexcept______.55.WhatwasindicatedfromthetactthattheteamspresenteddesignstoJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone?问题1选项A.large-scaleanalysishasbeenconductedB.threeuniversitiesallreachedtheirconclusionsC.creativetrainingcoincidewithnewscienceworksD.creativetrainingcanbestronglyaffected问题2选项A.indifferentstagesB.duringexperimentC.onweekendworkshopD.inroutineworkorschool问题3选项A.thefifthgradersB.thescientistsC.thewindowsD.theproposals问题4选项A.findingfactsB.findingplansC.findingideasD.findingsolutions问题5选项A.Theteamsneedtomakeaconsultation.B.Theteamswouldliketopersuadehim.C.Thedesignsoftheteamsreachedahighlevel.D.Thedesignsoftheteamsgothissupport.9.单选题Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive;thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNational.AcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy.BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport,“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions”.Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,prudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.56.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat______.57.AccordingtoBruceAlberts,sciencecanserveas______.58.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,Paragraph4)?59.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?60.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause______.问题1选项A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeathB.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificantC.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflifeD.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense问题2选项A.aguideB.ajudgeC.acriticD.aprotector问题3选项A.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.C.Endlessstudieskillaction.D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.问题4选项A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.C.Takesomelegislativemeasures.D.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.问题5选项A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligenceB.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformerC.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformerD.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse10.单选题Sheaskedhimwhathethoughtofher______dress.问题1选项A.greenprettylittleB.littlegreenprettyC.prettylittlegreenD.prettygreenlittle第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】46.【试题答案】C【试题解析】事实细节题。题干的意思是“下列哪一项受到法律关注？”。第一段提到Inrecentyears,lawshavebeenpassedprohibiting“offensive”bodyodorinpublicspacessuchaslibraries,aswellaspoliciesthatbanthewearingofscentedproductsorperfumestowork.Someofficeemployeesarenotevenallowedtobring“smelly”foodtowork.（最近几年，政府通过了一些法律，禁止在图书馆等公共场所散发“令人厌恶的”体臭，还出台了一些政策，禁止在上班时使用有香味的产品或香水。有些办公室员工甚至不允许带“有味道”的食物去上班），由此可知，受到法律禁止和关注的是offensivebodyodor，其他选项虽然有提及，但是只是一些政策，因此C选项正确。47.【试题答案】A【试题解析】事实细节题。题干的意思是“气味技术是怎样的？”。从第二段第二句话中failinginboththesmellandtechnologycategories（嗅觉和技术都不过关），可以得知气味技术并没有被正式的定位它的类别，它在气味和技术行业类别中都没有得到认可；B项“对空气做了点什么”，这项技术是通过一些气味信号来使人感觉到气味，没有对空气做什么；C项“没有被视为一种新科技”，文中只是说这项技术被认为是玩笑，但是有研究团队研究；D项“被视为某种神秘的东西”，没有提到。因此A选项正确。48.【试题答案】B【试题解析】判断推理题。题干的意思是“oPhone的新颖之处在哪里？”。从第三段倒数第二句Thesequencingcouldcreateanewlanguageofnose（气味信号的排序可以创造一门新的鼻子语言），可以看出oPhone可以创造出一种鼻子语言；题干问“oPhone的新颖之处是什么”，A项“气味信号将被记录”、C项“工程和艺术是统一的”和D项“发明了气味等效”均不是它的新颖之处，所以B选项最符合题意。49.【试题答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。题干的意思是“这些对气味技术持反对的人认为……？”。根据第四段第二句Anti-techfolksseethesetechnologiesaspartofanongoingefforttoalienateusfromenjoyinganunmediatedrelationtoreality.（反对者们认为这样的技术将会把我们与现实世界隔离）；可知反对者认为人们会直接脱离现实。A项“失去资金的危险”没有提到，B项“人们更喜欢传统的生活”，文中只提到Andthentherearethetechpuristswhoseemtomeasurethedevicesonlyintermsoftheirconventionalutility.（一些技术纯粹主义者，他们似乎只根据这些设备的传统用途来衡量它们），没有提及传统生活；C项“玫瑰香味从来不会从手机里面传出来”，根据句子Stopandsmelltherosesonarosebush,theywouldsay,notthesimulated,rose-scentpuffingfromyourphone.（他们会说，停下来，闻闻玫瑰丛上的玫瑰，而不是手机里模拟的玫瑰香味）可知，气味技术是通过香味模拟而传达气味，反对者用玫瑰的例子只是来说明人们会与现实脱离。因此D选项正确。50.【试题答案】A【试题解析】判断推理题。题干的意思是“作者对这项气味技术的态度是什么？”。最后一段指出But…,weshouldseetheseeffortsasarapprochementbetweentechnologyandsmell,andatriumphforourolfactorysensethatsomewouldrepress.Freeyournoseandyourmindwillfollow.（或许我们不应该把气味添加到技术中的尝试看作是我们脱离现实的标志，或者抱怨它们不能满足我们的迫切需求，但是我们应该把这些努力看作是对科技和气味友好关系的建立，是被压制的嗅觉的一种胜利；随之而来的是你的鼻子和心灵的自由）；由这一段话可以得出作者对这样的技术是持支持的态度，因此A选项正确。2.【答案】参考译文：在校园，你将很快发现校园文化的一个重要组成部分，那就是愿意面对问题和争论，为共享的词汇和共享的理解而不断努力。你们将面对后启蒙时代的感性，在这种感性力量下，人类经验中越来越多的角落容易受到批判性分析和辩论的影响。生活中越来越少的领域感觉像纯粹个人品味的事情，例如选择巧克力味或香草味，这些事情才是真正的“只是你的观点”。你将发现自己会为了寻求共享的理解而花很多时间，通宵达旦。你将发现大学作为一个团体的伟大力量之一。和一个与你相似的人达成共同的理解并不需很大的工夫，但是要和一个与你不同的人达成共识就不是什么容易的事了。现今的高等教育最值得乐观的一点是，同时意识到了这两个方面：一是不同的看法、背景和观点很重要；二是那些持有不同观点的人们能相聚在一起，在一个美丽的山顶共处四年，相互容忍，相互尊重和相互影响。3.【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。scrutiny表示“详细审查”；A项counterattack“反击，反攻”，B项pressure“压力”，C项revision“修订，修正”，D项examination“检查，查问”。句意：在过去数年里，电视广告一直不断受到详细审查。因此D项正确。4.【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。tactic表示“战略，策略”。A项observance“惯例，仪式”，B项tradition“传统”，C项rule“统治，规则”，D项maneuver“演习，策略”。句意：立法阻挠议事是一种议会策略，旨在拖延或阻止多数人采取行动。根据题意该题选D。5.【答案】参考译文：ThecooperationoftheWestandChinaismutuallybeneficialtoeachother.TheeconomicdevelopmentofChinanotonlyimprovethequalityofnative’slife,butalsogivenewimpetustoworldeconomyandprovidemoreopportunitiesforthedevelopedcountriesinbusiness.Chinaisanemergingmarketwithgreatpotential,whileWesterncountrieshaveadvancedtechnologyandabundantcapital,bothofwhicharehighlycomplementaryineconomy.SomewesterncountriesadoptdiscriminatorytradepoliciesagainstChina,whichwillnotonlydoesharmtoothers,butalsodoesharmtotheirowninterestsintheend.6.【答案】66.pressure67.seismographs68.shakingoftheearth69.tiltmeters70.changesinthetiltoftheland【解析】66.根据第三段最后一句Thisisproducedbypressurewhichscientistsbelievemaybeduetoanumberofreasons,twoofwhicharetheexpansionandcontractionoftheearth’scrustandcontinentaldrift.（这是由科学家认为可能是由许多原因造成的压力产生的，其中两个是地壳的膨胀和收缩以及大陆漂移。），由此可知expansionandcontractionoftheearth（地壳的膨胀和收缩）和continentaldrift（大陆漂移）是pressure(压力)。67.根据第四段第二句Twooftheinstrumentspresentlyinusetoachievethisgoalareseismographsandtiltmeters.（目前用于实现这一目标的仪器有地震仪和倾斜仪。）可知，空格应填入seismographs。68.根据第四段第三句Theformerrecordsanyshakingoftheearth（地震仪是用来记录地壳的任何震动）可知，空格应填入shakingoftheearth。69.根据第四段第二句Twooftheinstrumentspresentlyinusetoachievethisgoalareseismographsandtiltmeters.（目前用于实现这一目标的仪器有地震仪和倾斜仪。）可知，空格应填入tiltmeters。70.根据第四段最后一句Thelatter,asthenamesuggests,isusedtorecordanychangesinthetiltoftheland.（倾斜仪，顾名思义，是用来记录土地倾斜的任何变化。）可知，空格应填入changesinthetiltoftheland。7.【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。spreadout表示“展开，伸张”。A项slither“使滑动”，B项interfere“干涉，妨碍”，C项radiate“辐射，发射”，D项murmur“低声说”。句意：扩音器之所以能发出声音，是因为它把声波指向一个方向，防止它们向四面八方扩散。根据题意该题选C。8.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】51.【试题答案】C【试题解析】细节推理题。题干的意思是“关于这三个团队的结论，好消息是什么？”。从第一段Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.（好消息是与技术学结盟的创造性训练效果出乎意料的好）和后面三个研究团队得出的结论Creativitycanbetaught.（创造力可以被教授），可以得出关于这三个团队的结论的好消息是创造性训练与新的科技相吻合；A选项“进行了大规模分析”和B选项“三个团队都得出了结论”不是关于结论的好消息，D选项“创造力能够被强烈的影响”不够具体，因此C选项正确。52.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节推理题。题干的意思是“分散和聚合思维发生在哪里？”。第二段提到Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.（真正的进步不会发生在周末的研讨会上。但如果应用到日常工作或学习过程中，大脑功能就会得到提高）；由此推断分散和聚合思维发生在日常工作和学习中，A项“不同阶段”没有提到；B项“实验中”包括在学校工作里面；C项“周末研讨会”错误。因此D项正确。53.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。题干的意思是“课题的主题是什么？”。第三段提到theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.（学校的老师们给五年级的学生们提出了一个课题：如何减少图书馆的噪音。它的窗户面向公共空间，即使关上了仍然有很大的噪音。学生们有四周的时间来设计方案）；由此可知课题是就如何减少图书馆的噪音做方案。A项是“五年级”，B项是“科学家”，C项是“窗户”，D项是“方案”；因此D项正确。54.【试题答案】B【试题解析】判断推理题。题干的意思是“根据作者，在这个项目中，五年级学生团队做以下几个步骤除了……以外？”。第四段讲述的都是五年级团队为这个项目所做的一些行动，文中提到了fact-finding,problem-finding,idea-finding和solution-finding，由此可知只有B项“发现计划”没有提到，所以此题选B选项。55.【试题答案】A【试题解析】判断推理题。题干的意思是“小组把设计方案提交给JimWest暗示了什么？”。最后一段指出Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.（团队说服了其他团队支持他们，有时候情况好到各团队决定把设计方案结合在一起；最后，他们向老师、家长和电子麦克风的发明者吉姆•韦斯特（JimWest）展示了设计方案），可以推测，他们是想要咨询老师，父母和JimWest的意见，