2023年考研考博-考博英语-东北大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案篇

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-东北大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Davidtendstofeeluselessandunwantedinasocietythatgivessomuch（）tothosewhoareaggressiveandcompetewell.问题1选项A.regimeB.prestigeC.superiorityD.legislature2.单选题Afteraslowsalesstartearlyintheyear,mobilehomeshavebeengainingfavorasan（）toincreasinglyexpensiveconventionalhousing.问题1选项A.optionB.alternativeC.supplementD.addition3.单选题Apopularwayofkeepingfitistogo（）,whichisakindofslow-tomedium-pacedrunning.问题1选项A.trottingB.saunteringC.strollingD.jogging4.单选题Herletterwasinsuchacasualcrawl,andinsuchpaleink,thatitwas（）.问题1选项A.vagueB.illegibleC.ambiguousD.intelligible5.单选题Onanaverageofsixtimesaday,adoctorinHollandpractices“active”euthanasia:intentionallyadministeringalethaldrugtoaterminallyillpatientwhohasaskedtoberelievedofsuffering.Twentytimesaday,life-prolongingtreatmentiswithheldorwithdrawnwhenthereisnohopethatitcanaffectanultimatecure.“Active”euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.Euthanasia,oftencalled“mercykilling”,isacrimeeverywhereinWesternEurope.ButmoreandmoredoctorsandnursesinBritain,Germany,Hollandandelsewherereadilyadmittopracticingit,mostofteninthe“passive”formofwithholdingorwithdrawingtreatment.Thelongsimmeringeuthanasiaissuehaslatelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublicdebate,withbothsidesclaimingthemantleofultimaterighteousness.Thoseopposedtothepracticeseethemselvesup-holdingsacredprinciplesofrespectforlife,whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.Afteryearsonthedefensive,theadvocatesnowseemtobegainingground.RecentpollsinBritainshowthat72percentofBritishsubjectsfavoreuthanasiainsomecircumstances.Anastonishing76percentofrespondentstoapolltakenlatelastyearinFrancesaidtheywouldlikethelawchangedtodecriminalizemercykillings.Reasonsforthelatestsurgeofinterestineuthanasiaarenothardtofind.Europeans,likeAmericans,arenowlivinglonger.TheaverageEuropeanmalenowlivestotheageof72,womantoalmost8A.sDerekHumphrey,aleadingBritishadvocateof“rationaleuthanasia”,says,“lingeringchronicdiseaseshavereplacedcriticalillnessastheprimarycauseofdeath.”Andsotheeuthanasistshavebeguntopresstheircasewithgreaterforce.Theyarguethateveryhumanbeingshouldhavetherightto“diewithdignity”,bywhichtheyusuallymeantherighttoescapethehorrorsofapainfulordegradinghospitalization.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill,butthemovementalsoincludesasmallminoritywhobelieveineuthanasiaforanyonewhorationallydecidestotakehisownlife.Thatrightisunlikelytogetlegalrecognitionanytimeinthenearfuture.EvenintheNetherlands,theproposalsnowbeforeParliamentwouldrestricteuthanasiatoasmallnumberofcasesandwouldsurroundeventhosewithelaboratesafeguards.1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?2.Euthanasiais,oftencalled“mercykilling”,whichimpliesthat（）.3.“Boiledover”(Line4,Para.2)means（）.4.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiaholdthat（）.5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiais（）.问题1选项A.“Active”euthanasiaisregardedasacrimebyDutchlaw.B.Thedoctorwhocarriesouteuthanasiawillbecharged.C.Anunqualifieddoctorcarryingouteuthanasiawillbeaccused.D.“Active”euthanasiaexecutiveswillbesentencedto12yearsimprisonment.问题2选项A.peopleshouldshowsympathyforaterminallyillpatientB.somedoctorsmurderpatientsshieldingthemselvesfrommercyC.humanetreatmenttodyingpatientsshouldberequiredD.thedyingpatientsaresufferingfromthepainandtheydon’twanttoliveon问题3选项A.burst(into)B.makethewaterhotenoughtoboilC.causegreatangerD.fightoneanother问题4选项A.onlyterminallyillpatientscanhaveeuthanasiaB.ifanyonewhorationallydecidestoendhislife,hecanhaveeuthanasiaC.peopleshouldrespectlifeD.nomatterwhatpunishmenttheyget,theywillcarryouteuthanasiatopatients问题5选项A.positiveB.negativeC.objectiveD.uncertain6.单选题NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.问题1选项A.configurationB.constitutionC.condemnationD.contamination7.单选题Whenthedoctordoesageneralexperimentaboutthehumanmind,heselectspeople（）andasksthemalotofquestions.问题1选项A.atrandomB.atlengthC.inessenceD.inbulk8.单选题Eighteenisthe（）votingageinourcountry.问题1选项A.minimalB.minimumC.minuteD.miniature9.单选题The（）consistsoftwomainhousesand100acresofmeadow.问题1选项A.estateB.embassyC.enterpriseD.establishment10.单选题Thegirlhadan（）mannerwhichmadeherverypopularatschool.问题1选项A.insoutiantB.insouciantC.insousantD.insuciant第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项regime“政权；政体；社会制度；管理体制”；B选项prestige“威望；声望；声誉”；C选项superiority“优越；优势”；D选项legislature“立法机关；立法机构”。句意：在一个给予那些有进取心且相当有竞争力的人很多声誉的社会里，大卫倾向于认为自己无用且不被该社会所需要。根据句意可知B选项正确。2.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项option“选项；选择权；买卖的特权”；B选项alternative“替换物，替代品”；C选项supplement“增补，补充”；D选项addition“添加；加法；增加物”。句意：在销售放缓在这一年早些时候开始出现后，流动房屋作为日益昂贵的传统房屋的一种替代物而一直受到青睐。结合句意，B选项正确。3.【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项trot“小跑”；B选项saunter“漫步；闲逛”；C选项stroll“漫步；闲逛；巡回演出”；D选项jog“慢跑；轻推，轻撞”。句意：保持健康的流行方式是去慢跑，其是一种缓慢到中等步伐的跑步。结合此处语境，D选项正确。4.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项vague“模糊的；含糊的；不明确的；暧昧的”；B选项illegible“难辨认的；字迹模糊的”；C选项ambiguous“模糊不清的；引起歧义的”；D选项intelligible“可理解的；明了的”。句意：她的文字是如此随意的爬行和如此暗淡，以至于它是难辨认的。根据句意可知B选项正确。5.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.【试题解析】细节事实题。A选项“主动的安乐死被荷兰法律认为是一种犯罪”和D选项“主动安乐死的执行者将被判12年的监禁”可以定位到文章首段中“‘Active’euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.”中文翻译为：主动的安乐死在荷兰的法典上仍然是一种需判刑12年的监禁。C选项“实行安乐死的不合格医生将会被控告”可以定位到文章首段“Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.”中文翻译为：但是过去15年的一系列法庭案件却明确表示，实行安乐死的称职医生将不被指控。同时可知B选项“实行安乐死的医生将会被起诉”与文章不符合，故选B。2.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干关键词“mercykilling”可以定位到原文第二段“whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.”中文翻译为：而那些安乐死的支持者却高举人道对待的旗帜。可知C项正确，译为“垂死的病人应该需要人道的对待”。3.【试题解析】词汇题。A：爆发（成）；B：让水热得足以沸腾；C：造成巨大的愤怒；D：相互打架。题干关键词“boilover”意为：爆发。因此A选项正确。4.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasia可以定位到原文倒数第二段中“Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill”，中文翻译为：大多数自愿安乐死的支持者认为，去死的权利应该只给予晚期绝症病人，可以得知A选项“只有晚期绝症病人可以安乐死”正确。5.【试题解析】观点态度题。A:positive“积极的”；B:negative“消极的”；C:objective“客观的”；D:uncertain“不确定的”。全文作者都