2023年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案篇

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Bytoday'sstandards,earlyfarmerswereimprudentbecausetheyplantedthecroprepeatedly,exhaustingthesoilafterafewharvests.问题1选项A.unwiseB.stubbornC.tiresomeD.unscientific2.单选题1.Scientistshavedevelopedaslimmingdrugthatsuccessfullysuppressesappetiteandresultsinadramaticlossofweightwithoutanyapparentilleffects.2.InruralAmerica,theyearwasarrangedaroundthegrowingseason.Now,only3percentoffamiliesfollowtheagriculturalmodel,butnearlyallschoolsarescheduledasisourchildrenwenthomeearlytomilkthecowsandtookmonthsofftoworkthecrops.3.Humorhasbeenwelldefinedas:“Thinkinginfunwhilefeelinginearnest”.4.法律真正的意义，是要把一个自由而有理性的人导向正当的意义上去，而不是对此加以限制的。5.然而，研究人员在报告中提醒说，相对于患更严重的疾病的危险来说，这些益处简直微不足道。问题1选项A.科学家们已经研制出了一种减肥药，它能有效地抑制食欲，导致体重显著下降而无任何明显的不良反应。B.科学家们已经开发出了一种减肥药，它能成功地控制食欲，使体重显著下降，同时有明显的不良反应。C.科学家们已经研制出了一种减食疗法的药，它能有效地抑制食欲，导致体重显著下降而无任何明显的不良反应。问题2选项A.在美国农村，时间是根据生长季节来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家只是去挤牛奶或是几个月不上学去地里种庄稼。B.在美国农村，一年是根据农时来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的时间安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。C.在美国农村，上学时间是根据农时来决定的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是让孩子们早早回家去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。问题3选项A.幽默被人很好地解释为：“带着认真的情绪滑稽地思考”。B.幽默被人很恰当地解释为：“认真地感觉,不认真地思考”。C.幽默被人很巧妙地诠释为：“一面认真地感觉一面滑稽地思考”。问题4选项A.TherealmeaningoflawisnotthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterestB.ThetruenotionoflawisnotsomuchlimitedtothedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterestC.Law,initstruemotion,isnotsomuchthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest问题5选项A.Researchersinthestudy,however,cautionedthatsuchbenefitsdon'toutweightheriskofmoreseriousailmentsB.However,researchersremindedinthereportthatsuchbenefitsarenothingcomparedwiththeriskofmoreseriousailmentsC.However,researcherscautionedintheirreportthatsuchbenefitsdon'tindolencealotcomparingtotheriskofmoreseriousailments3.单选题Noneofusknowsthenameofthat（

）insect.问题1选项A.funnylittleredB.redlittlefunnyC.littlefunnyredD.redfunnylittle4.单选题Letmestandinwithyouifit'sveryexpensive.问题1选项A.bargainforyouB.borrowmoneyforyouC.sharethecostwithyouD.standonyourside5.单选题TheUnitedStatesiscomprisedof48contiguousstatesoccupyingthemidcontinent,AlaskaatthenorthwesternextremeofNorthAmerica,andtheislandstateofHawaiiinthemid-PacificOcean.问题1选项A.jealousB.explosiveC.adjacentD.distant6.翻译题ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.Myeldestdaughter,anInternetconsultant,isonly30,butshehasalreadylivedinfivedifferenthousesinfivedifferentplacesandhashadaboutsixdifferentjobs.EverytimeIvisither,Inoticehowmanynewthingsthereareinherhouse,andhowmanythingslieunused,outofdate.Whatisevenmorestrikingishowmanythingstherearewhicharenotexpectedtolast—disposablethings.Disposableplatesandglasses,disposabletowelsandbabies,nappies(尿布).Itsometimesseemsthatweliveinanageofthedisposable.

（1）Thisphenomenonofconstantchangerunsthrougheverythinginlifenowadays,fromfashiontomusic,frommedicinetomotorcars,fromeducationtoemployment.Twoimportantfactorsseemtobedrivingthesechanges.Thefirstistherapidgrowthinknowledgeandtheconsequentrapiddevelopmentoftechnology.Thesecondistherevolutionincommunications,whichmeansthatknowledgeisspreadfasterandmorewidelythanever.Ourtimesareoftencalled“theinformationage”andtheeffectistobringabout“theknowledgeeconomy”.Newtechnologiesandnewknowledgebringabouttheneedfornewskills.（2）

Thespeedwithwhichthesetechnologiesarebeingcreatedissuchthatallofusarefacedwiththechallengeoflearningnewskills,notjustonce,butseveraltimes.Whatweknewyesterdayisoftenobsoletetoday.Iremembermydaughtersayingtothatshewasat“thecuttingedge”ofherparticularfield.Butwithinfiveyears,shesaid,shewouldhavetodosomethingnewanddifferenttokeepup.Thereisagreatneedforflexibilityandproblem-solvingthanbefore.Tasksrequireagreaterintegrationofskills.

（3）Therewardsoflifegotothemulti-skilled,toflexibleteamsofworkerseachcapableofcontributinginarangeofways.

（4）Tosucceedinthisnewworldofwork,individualswillhavetoregardtheircareersnotjustasaprocessofgatheringexperience,butasaprocessoflearningnewthingsonanalmostcontinuousbasis.Allthissuggeststomethattherelationshipbetweeneducationandemploymenthaschangedradicallyoverthelastfewyears.

（5）OnecouldsummarizethechangebysayingthatwhenIlearnedthingsinordertoachievelife-longemploymentwhilemychildrenneedtopursuelife-longlearninginordertostayemployed.7.单选题Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrewolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,threw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLillianHellman'swords,theyhave"thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan'tmakeuseof.”Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings.Thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism,performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillinggolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.Whensexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstep-itmovesin,accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe"wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory."Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.1.Aftertheageof40,（

）.2.FromHellman'sremark,wecanseethat（

）.

3.TishSommersarguesthat（

）.

4.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans（

）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter（

）.问题1选项A.mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobsB.manyworkerstendtosticktotheirpresentjobsC.peoplefindtheirjobsmorerewardingthanbeforeD.peoplestillwishtohuntfoxmoresuitablejobs问题2选项A.fullusehasbeenmadeofthewisdomofolderpeopleB.thewisdomofolderpeopleisnotvaluedbyAmericansocietyC.olderpeoplearenolessintelligentthanyoungpeopleD.thewisdomofolderpeopleisofgreatvaluetoAmericansociety问题3选项A.olderwomenusuallyhardtoescapepovertyB.olderwomenusuallyperformbetterintheirjobsC.themajorcauseofthepovertyofolderwomenissexismD.morepeoplehavecometobelieveinsexismandageism问题4选项A.havemorejobopportunitiesthanyoungpeopleB.livebelowthepovertylineC.havenewopportunitiestoremainactiveinsocietyD.nolongerbelieveinthepromiseofahappylifeuponretirement问题5选项A.callsattentiontothelivingconditionsofolderAmericansB.believesthatthevalueofolderpeopleisgainingincreasingrecognitionC.attemptstojustifytheyouth—oriented,throw-awaycultureoftheUnitedStatesD.arguespeopleshouldnotretireattheageof65or708.单选题Toolmakersmusthavetheabilitytoworkvery（

）inordertomeetexactspecifications.问题1选项A.plausiblyB.profoundlyC.preciselyD.primarily9.单选题Therightcombinationofbricks,mortarandplastercanbemixedtobuildagreatcity,butitisthecity'speoplewhoaddthatextradimensionwhichmakesitvibrant,memorable,famousandmuch-visited.Londonissuchacity,andamajorexhibitionaboutitspeoplemakesthispointbypulling-togetherpaintings,drawings,andprintsbyartistsoverthecenturiestoshowLondonersfromallwalksoflifeandinallmannerofsettings.Thecapital'srenownedoldmarkets,mostnowgone,likeCoventGardenandBillingsgate,capturedtheeyeofpaintersbecauseoftheextraordinarilydisparaterangeofcharactersminglingtogether.Processionsandceremonialeventswerepopularsubjects,althoughmanyartistswereinspiredbytheindividualstheysaw:thestreettraders,laborers,merchants,craftsmen,societyfolk,servants,visitingforeigners,theverypoor,theold,andthecriminals.ThereisabookwhichaccompaniestheshowandfromwhichinBritainhaschosenitsillustrations.LondonersarepublishedbyThamesandHudson,30-34BloomsburyStreet,LondonWC1B3QP.Telephone01-6365488.Ithas237illustrations,20incolor:£20inhardback,£9.95paperback.Availablepost-freedirectfromthepublisherstoaddresses,overseas,orfrombookshopsintheUK.TheexhibitioncontinuesuntilAugust2attheMuseumofLondon.OpenTuesdaytoSaturday,10a.m.to6p.m.Admissionfree.1.Accordingtotheadvertisement,theelementwhichaddstherealcolortoacityis（

）.

2.Theartistsaremorelikelytobeinspiredby（

）.3.Fromtheadvertisement,wearetoldthatthebookwhichgoeswiththeexhibition（

）.

4.Readersoverseascangetacopyofthebook（

）.

5.Fromtheadvertisement,wecaninferthattherewouldbefreeadmission（

）.问题1选项A.thecityitselfB.itsinhabitantsC.thebuildingsD.themarkets问题2选项A.popularsubjectsB.processionsC.theindividualsD.ceremonialevents问题3选项A.iscalledLondonersB.iscalledBritainC.containsonly20picturesD.containslessthan200illustrations问题4选项A.for£9.95B.bypaying£29.95C.onlybyorderingfrombookshopsinBritainD.byjoiningtheLiteraryGuild问题5选项A.onMondaysB.onAugust1stC.onSundaysD.before10a.m.10.单选题Thecouplehadbeentryingtosatisfyalltheneedsoftheironlykid,whohadbeen（

）formorepocketmoneyallthetime.问题1选项A.impressingB.importuningC.informingD.improvising第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】A【解析】句意：按照今天的标准，早期的农民是轻率的，因为他们反复种植作物，几次收获后就把土壤耗尽了。imprudent意为“轻率的，鲁莽的”。unwise不明智的，轻率的；stubborn顽固的；tiresome无聊的，令人讨厌的；unscientific不科学的。选项A与之意思相近。2.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.首先，“slimmingdrug”应翻译为减肥药，没有提及减食疗法，所以首先排除选项C；根据“withoutanyapparentilleffects.”可知，应该是没有明显的不良反应，所以选项B错误。选项A翻译最为准确。2.根据句意可知“growingseason”不是直译为生长季节，而是指“农时”，所以首先排除选项A；这里的theyear指的是“上学时间”，所以选项C最为恰当。3.本题的关键在于对引语的翻译，相比较之下，选项A翻译最为准确。4.本句强调的是“意义”，而不是“法律”，所以首先排除选项C；“真正的”这里用true比较好，real常用来指比较抽象的事物，所以选项B更准确。5.“提醒”在本句中用remind比较口语化，caution更为正式，因为是在报告中进行提醒，因此caution更为恰当；后面包含一个比较，用outweigh言简意赅，最为恰当。所以选项A翻译最精确。3.【答案】A【解析】多个形容词修饰名词的顺序为：限定词（数量）；外观；形状（大小，高矮，肥瘦），年龄，颜色，国籍，材料，用途。所以只有选项A正确。4.【答案】C【解析】standinwith意为与……联合，同……分担。bargainforyou讨价还价；borrowmoneyforyou借钱；sharethecostwithyou一起承担；standonyourside站在你这边。选项C与之意思相近。5.【答案】C【解析】句意：美国由48个接壤的州组成，这些州包括大陆中部、北美西北部的阿拉斯加和太平洋中部的夏威夷州。contiguous意为“邻近的，接壤的”。jealous妒忌的，猜疑的；explosive爆炸的；adjacent邻近的，毗连的；distant遥远的，冷漠的。选项C与之意思相近。6.【答案】1.这种不断变化的现象如今贯穿着生活中的一切，从时装到音乐，从医药到“摩托车”，从教育到就业。2.创造技术的速度是这样的，我们大家都面临着不只是一次，而是多次地学习新技能的挑战。3.生活的奖赏趋向多种技能，以及每个职工在一个灵活的团队能够在多方面做出贡献。4.为了在这种新的工作世界中成功，个人将不得不考虑自己的事业不仅是一种收集经验的过程，也是一个连续不断地学习新事物的过程。5.人们可以总结说，我学东西是为了获得终生的就业机会，而我的孩子则需要终生学习，以维持就业。7.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的二三句“Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.”40岁以后，找工作变得更加困难。许多人宁愿待在因为自己年纪太大而无法胜任的工作岗位上，也不愿面对可能的拒绝。选项B符合原文。2.细节事实题。根据关键词“Hellman”定位到第一段最后一句，用作家LillianHellman的话来说，他们拥有“我们无法利用的随着年龄增长而来的智慧”。再根据选项来推断，选项A中的“fulluse”明显错误；选项B“年长者的智慧没有被美国社会所重视”，符合原文；选项C和D在文中没有提及。所以本题选B。3.细节事实题。根据关键词定位到第二段，然而，许多老年妇女收入微薄，在退休后面临贫困的未来。据英国国家妇女组织一项针对老年妇女的特别研究的负责人TishSommers说，当性别歧视与年龄歧视发生冲突时，贫困就不再近在咫尺——它正在向贫困逼近。也就是说，年长的女性通常很难摆脱贫困，选项A符合原文。4.细节事实题。根据第三段第一句“Opportunitiesformovinginand