金融英语专业资料大全

金融英语专业英语词汇：外汇专业词汇BBalanceofTrade国际收支-指一国承认的，在一定时期内对外交易的记录，包括商品、服务和资本流动。BarChart棒形图表-一种由4个突点组成的图表:最高和最低价格组成垂直棒状，被一小水平线标志于棒形的左端为开市价格，右端的小水平线则为关市价格。BaseCurrency基础通货-其它货币均比照其进行报价的货币。它表示基础货币相对第二种货币的价值。例,USD/CHF报价为1.6215，即是1美元价值1.6215瑞士法郎。在外汇交易市场中，美元通常被认为是用作报价的“基础”通货，意即：报价表达式为1美元的1个单位等于不同单位的其他货币。主要的例外货币为英镑,欧元及澳元。BearMarket熊市-以长时期下跌的价格为特徵的市场。BidPrice买入价-该价格是市场在一外汇交易合同或交叉货币交易合同中准备买入一货币的价格。以此价格，交易者可卖出基础货币。它为报价中的左部，例:USD/CHF1.4527/32，买入价为1.4527;意为您能卖出1美元买进1.4527瑞士法郎。Bid/AskSpread差价-买入与卖出价格的差额。BigFigureQuote大数-交易员术语，指汇率的头几位数字。这些数字在正常的市场波动中很少发生变化，因此通常在交易员的报价中被省略，特别是在市场活动频繁的时候。比如，美元/日元汇率是107.30/107.35，但是在被口头报价时没有前三位数字，只报"30/35"。Book帐本-在专业交易环境中，帐本是交易商或者交易柜台全部头寸的总览。Broker经纪人-充当中介的个人或者公司，出於收取手续费或佣金目的，为买方和卖方牵线搭桥。与此相比，“交易员”经营资本并且购入头寸的一边，希望在接下来的交易中通过向另一方抛售头寸赚取差价（利润）。BrettonWoodsin19441944年布雷顿森林协定-此协定确立了主要货币的固定外汇汇率，规定中央银行对货币市场进行干预，并将黄金的价格固定成35美元每盎司。此协定沿用至1971年。BullMarket牛市-以长时期上涨价格为特徵的市场。Bundesbank联邦银行-德国中央银行。金融英语专业英语词汇：外汇专业词汇OOffer(ask)卖出价-在卖出时，卖方愿意依照的价格或汇率。参看买入价。Offsettingtransaction抵销交易-用於撤销或者抵销未结头寸的部分或全部市场风险的交易。OneCancelstheOtherOrder(OCO)选择性委托单-一种突发性定单，执行定单的一部分将自动撤销定单的另一部分。Openorder开放定单-在市场价格向指定价位移动时买入或卖出的定单。通常与撤销前有效定单相关。Openposition未结头寸-尚未撤销或者清算。OvertheCounter(OTC)柜台市场-用於描述任何不在交易所进行的交易。OvernightPosition隔夜交易-直到第二个交易日仍保持开放的交易。Order指令-一给以交易在特定日期执行的指示。金融英语专业英语词汇：外汇专业词汇PPips点-在货币市场中运用的术语，表示汇率可进行的最小增幅移动。根据市场环境，正常情况下是一个基点。每一基点由小数点的第4位开始计算。例0.0001。PoliticalRisk政治风险-一国政府政策的变化,此种变化可能会对投资者的头寸产生负面效果。Position头寸-头寸是一种以买入或卖出表达的交易意向。头寸可指投资者拥有或借用的资金数量。Premium升水-在货币市场中，升水指为判断远期或期货价格而向即期价格中添加的点数。PriceTransparency价格透明度-每一位市场参与者都对报价说明有平等的访问权。Profit/Lossor"P/L"orGain/Loss利润/损失-实际操作时，完结交易的兑现利润或损失，再加上被调至市价的理论“未兑现”利润或损失。金融英语专业英语词汇：外汇专业词汇RRally上升幅度-从一阶段的价位下降开始回升。Range波动范围-在将来的交易纪录中，一指定阶段的最高价与最低价的差别。Rate汇率-以别种货币计的Resistance阻力位-技术分析术语，表示货币无力超越的某一具体价位。货币价格多次冲击此价格点失败会产生一个通常可由一条直线构成的图案。Revaluation再估价汇率-再估价汇率是交易商在进行每日结算时，为确定当日利润和亏损而使用的市场汇率。与贬值相反。Risk风险-暴露在不确定变化中，收益的多变性；更重要的是，少於预期收益的可能性。RiskManagement风险管理-利用金融分析与交易技术来减少和/或控制不同种类的风险。Roll-Over回购-一交易日期放至另一远期交易日期。这一过程的成本为两种不同货币之间的利率差。Roundtrip双向交易-买和卖一指定数量之货币。金融英语专业英语词汇：外汇专业词汇SSettlement清算结算-一笔交易并进入纪录的过程。这一过程可以不需实际货币的有形交换。ShortPosition空头头寸-由卖出空头而产生的投资头寸。由於此头寸尚未被冲销，因此可从市场价格下跌中获利。SpotPrice即期价格-当前市场价格。即期交易结算通常在两个交易日内发生。Spread价差-买卖价格之间的差价。Square轧平-没有多头也没有空头，即相当於持平或者轧平。Sterling英磅-英国英镑的另一名称。StopLossOrder停止损失定单-以协议价格买入/卖出的定单。交易商还可以预设一份停止损失定单，并可凭此在到达或超过指定价格时，自动清算未结头寸。例:如一投资者以156.27买入USD，他会希望下一停止损失定单为155.49，以止损于当美元跌穿155.49。SupportLevels支撑位-一技术性分析中的术语，表示一货率在指定最高与最低价位间能自动调整自身走势，与阻力位相反。Swap掉期-一货币掉期为同时以远期货币汇率卖/买一相同数量货币。Swissy瑞士法郎的另一名称厦金融牛英语轨专业白英语谦词汇进：外糠汇专尸业词献汇T芬Te帮ch批ni锈ca扩l讽An挨al寄ys狭is巴技琴术分遮析序-悔通过靠分析第诸如欧图表巨、价楼格趋章势、偶和交苍易量谁等市头场数瓣据，肌试图丝预报康未来葱市场扬活动桶的作尖法。那T指ic那k福替克讨-姓货鞋币价慰格的月最小陕单位政变化滑。棵婚T喜om获or伤ro晶w块Ne颠xt霉(岗To翻m/录Ne事xt押)豆明日布次日仰-途为刘下一樱日交痰割同说时买萄入和乌卖出来一种吉货币急。载才T集ra赢ns铲ac烟ti个on屈C杆os园t序交易咏成本蝴-占与唇买入萝或卖毁出一俩款金绍融工支具相倡关的籍成本醋。萄怎T腔ra鸽ns纪ac叨ti役on今D识at腿e兄交易企日排-孙交易活发生盛的日邮期。祸T六ur验no肌ve于r材交易腥额忙-分指定舞时期乒内的不交易笔量或疾交易往规模伶。伪染T慧wo胁-W田ay酿P讨ri纹ce啦双批向报行价理-绿同时党提供砖一项陕外汇卫交易处的买饭入和稍卖出丑报价说。眉金融浑英语邻专业糟英语咬词汇座：外驶汇专遇业词乳汇U寇Un梁re谨al访iz偏ed加G患ai救n/欣Lo川ss自未腥兑现死盈利眼/滨损失贤-叶现价夸的为愈开市化价位瓦的理留论上独的盈史利/蝶损失社，由烈经纪再人单害独对佛其做崖决定琴。未幼兑现倍盈利锡/损厨失在驱关仓粒时变扑为实厘际盈窗利/慨损失腥。糕担U液pt启ic白k哗证券枕提价沸交易职-湾高伙於同六种货皱币较染前报找价的辣最新确报价换。焦增U挽pt楚ic鞋k浊Ru雄le恨证碧券提腾价交扛易规恒则膜-闪美国划法律弄规定费证券陷不能瘦被卖乓空，傍除非壤在卖晌空交错易前绵的交齐易价斑格低都於卖品空交详易被箱执行毁的价雀格。晓芹U咬S色Pr筹im暴e宵Ra裹te捐美蛛国基销本利估率竖-更美国确银行籍向其保主要齿企业理客户曲贷款衡所依术照的从利率驶。户金融云英语屈专业飞英语鲜词汇敏：外但汇专饮业词削汇V腿Va沾lu途e除Da石te锄交装割日辉-效交业割日话-益交易香双方辽同意蛛交换萍款项罢的日钳期。逆谁V销ar子ia棉ti穴on控M清ar道gi鄙n帅变动笼保证宇金俯-踢由於陪市场锤波动顷，经亦纪人涉向客阻户提滔出的芦附加杜保证棵金要赛求。独节V塔ol伪at剥il地it厕y潮(V茅ol辛)脚易变搅性谎-黑在特级定时质期内啄谐专金融范英语景专业分英语翁词汇朝：外甜汇专拉业词勾汇W敬Wh土ip粉sa赞w蛮锯齿筒-矿此窑词条扩用於质说明思一页种高谅速变扎动的今市场汪状态东，即出在剧妈烈价纱格变充动周揭期之误后又峡紧接乏著出桶现一使个反给向的孤剧烈趋价格乔变动法周期受。货金融绍英语彻专业制英语睛词汇颗：外门汇专身业词点汇N抢Ne屑t旅Po葛si箩ti吵on具价驱位惯-绪还未除由相调反交狠易抵已消的龄买/托卖蓬的货此币数很量燥金融语英语愉资产术负债输表(怠中)酿金融纤英语字资产忙负债父表(圈英)[YourBusinessName]BalanceSheet[MmmmDd,200X]AssetsCurrentAssets:Cash$0AccountsReceivable$0Less:ReserveforBadDebts00MerchandiseInventory0PrepaidExpenses0NotesReceivable0TotalCurrentAssets$0FixedAssets:Vehicles0Less:AccumulatedDepreciation00FurnitureandFixtures0Less:AccumulatedDepreciation00Equipment0Less:AccumulatedDepreciation00Buildings0Less:AccumulatedDepreciation00Land0TotalFixedAssets0OtherAssets:Goodwill0TotalOtherAssets0TotalAssets$0LiabilitiesandCapitalCurrentLiabilities:AccountsPayable$0SalesTaxesPayable0PayrollTaxesPayable0AccruedWagesPayable0UnearnedRevenues0Short-TermNotesPayable0Short-TermBankLoanPayable0TotalCurrentLiabilities$0Long-TermLiabilities:Long-TermNotesPayable0MortgagePayable0TotalLong-TermLiabilities0TotalLiabilities0Capital:Owner'sEquity0NetProfit0TotalCapital0TotalLiabilitiesandCapital$0士经济度金融构术语胸汉英良对照辱表（朝一）A安全网safetynet按可比口径oncomparablebasis按轻重缓急toprioritize暗补implicitsubsidy暗亏hiddenlossB颁发营业执照tolicense;tograntalicenceto办理存款业务totakedeposits保护农民的生产积极性toprotectfarmers'incentivetoproduce备付金（超额准备金）excessreserves本外币并账consolidationofdomesticandforeigncurrencyaccounts本外币对冲操作sterilizationoperation虾垃本位虹利益薪l讯oc暖al兵iz租ed昏i黄nt旧er丛es傍t;嘉de泳pa棍rt欲me糊nt侮al打is股m旱器奔小豪康刚to律s关tr狂iv冷e尘to吓p胸ro轧sp扇er群;t驱o嚼st希ri萍ve聚t仍o露be宁co眨me习w言el劳l-搜to专-d嗓o牧森避税宾（请彼见“包逃税贪”）皱t昨ax还a喉vo厦id尾an租ce重仰币种匆搭配季不当月c排ur绍re案nc乎y惧mi伤sm垫at钥ch舱铁币种油构成鱼c忍ur薄re捉nc触y座co驱mp领os挣it甜io哥n兽宵变相鸣社会括集资灭d钥is钥gu猫is甲ed限i袍rr洲eg淋ul柴ar搜（o与r们il股le猴ga策l）薪f侨un灰d晒ra围is楚in雁g饥报表外县科目阁（业午务）桃o孤ff牙-b贯al处an窝ce垦-s肠he改et桌i避te客ms赢（o除pe渴ra岸ti翻on禁）眉听薄弱哈环节君w亡ea搁kn印es柿se灶s;徒lo隐op雄ho披le末s燕浪不变丘成本壶f蝴ix斑ed碰c竞os症t纯奶不变鞠价吸at材c丑on剃st骨an说t腰pr险ic驱e;科in菠r陷ea寸l糟te如rm熟s哪江不动恭产怜re框al厌e联st公at田e拖碧不良矮贷款学（资蓬产）渠p壮ro薄bl子em绵l初oa孟ns提；n剩on杰-p纤er璃fo孙rm深in晨g朵lo满an碌s（烘as冶se侵ts斧）炭央C士嘉财务首公司咬f即in诉an简ce令c砖om很pa盯ni剂es屡滚财政蒜赤字絮f困is瞧ca栽l示de保fi株ci斤t阿洪财政命挤银倚行喷fi膨sc跟al败p藏re捆ss集ur酷e候on光t陵he祸c爬en单tr堂al科b步an匀k（更ov娃er哀m请on途et延ar碰y垂po引li滨cy需）洒恳财政传政策斗与货难币政没策的遇配合踏c混oo究rd狼in放at视io亲n冒of油f塌is歉ca考l闹an很d逝mo器ne掘ta珍ry启p只ol期ic渴ie记s亩纪采取赤循序枪渐进贞的方倚法申in缺a现p养ha汁se蠢d筝an五d蜡se糠qu稍en梁ce券d攀ma赞nn瓶er位刑操作兵弹性陵o沉pe励ra请ti覆on筐al滔f影le骄xi拔bi娇li周ty芦邻操纵跳汇率卷t尊o真ma贫ni疫pu维la吵te身e稳xc包ha沙ng煎e能ra暂te谈毙产品绪构成贿p顽ro泥du秋ct咬c垮om煤po静si息ti骑on示;p忧ro缎du仙ct册m畜ix旧棉产品料积压旱s云to欲ck鲁p只il椅e;停ex汇ce遥ss假iv差e敏in舰ve钻nt炉or蚂y招摔产销霉率江cu界rr腊en泡t围pe索ri范od分i益nv红en冲to倒ry妇;（胆即期启库存红，不向含前另期库痰存）势sa挥le谊s/榨ou停tp拣ut零r轮at底io松段产销启衔接条m位ar亩ke穷ta察bi指li守ty稀袋产业油政策杆i狐nd井us乘tr什ia饰l正po井li缩cy滥握长期鸭国债冲t杠re蚂as视ur妥y紧bo心nd妖s粗况敞口手头寸报o厦pe悦n套po都si现ti因on击蓬炒股秋t俘o理sp帆ec析ul糟at榜e稳in浮t列he透s活to疯ck予m嗽ar督ke碎t私烈承购告包销剧u扰nd缝er墙wr宣it明e（晃se踩cu担ri偏ti伍es结）绍良成套宾机电处产品闪c垄om能pl献et摸e够se度ts烦o兴f耽eq框ui服pm笋en摧t;初co哑mp跃le俭te先p迁la晒nt棒（s便）么瑞城市博信用浮社危ur惠ba帽n加cr闪ed革it恢c棋oo仰pe馅ra局ti密ve猴s（垂UC胆Cs菜）午秆城市茶合作领银行醒u痰rb骡an罗c诱oo夜pe民ra脊ti辞ve脉b沾an仰ks钱;m姨un筹ic传ip罩al笋u飘ni富te卖d愁ba宅nk衫s术乏城市退商业余银行丽m扇un万ic诞ip义al货c违om引me嫩rc推ia猜l为ba快nk锡s被虏城乡屿居民供收入喝增长凭超过恋物价渠涨幅明r仍ea殖l牵gr兰ow问th橡i舅n凶ho言us荐eh券ol迹d费in献co贺me派油持续膊升温疯p溪er励si悔st断en努t指ov功er此he附at纠in拘g蠢谁重复谎布点攻d碰up默li垦ca棵te轨p壶ro谢je裳ct股s喷柴重置幸成本廊r种ep胡la卸ce地me侦nt忌c侮os损t璃替重组尸计划毁r拍es炸tr猫uc遵tu诸ri围ng籍p属la弟n味及筹资专渠道洞f陆un舒di闸ng稀s捕ou逃rc拍es苹;f胁in谊an贝ci叫ng繁c园ha袖nn晓el泉s壳瞧初见埋成效规i赴ni放ti里al麻s踩uc张ce歌ss悟圾出口伪统一拜管理哲、归召口经倒营潜ca鸟na轧li有za惯ti根on买o绸f貌ex蹄po辅rt健s说模出口追退税泡e疯xp信or紧t料ta嗽x暂re俭ba鼠te虚体储蓄缝存款洽h网ou党se勺ho逼ld特d辉ep框os半it墙s（兽不完钢全等创同于僵西方凯的s字av淋in候gs悔de绘po馋si讽ts系，前绵者包俗括活呢期存斜款，波后者陡不包羽括。霜）暗连储蓄蛋分流舟d亚iv丝er做si者on这o议f兽ho检us教eh冶ol干d镇de季po茄si枣ts辆愚储源恐萎缩保d袖ec辆li冷ne敏i脱n必th腥e溪av抱ai跌la顿bi云li卸ty再o茎f救ho洒us挑eh种ol两d孔sa适vi廉ng架s品芬传导览机制秘t驴ra跨ns于mi恶ss源io够n像me俘ch猾an递is仰m筋亭从价杀税求ad翅v旱al维or芳em驾t鞠ax拳抓从紧虚控制南t胃ig芹ht姻c戏on宁tr牧ol腰蜘存贷泊款比世例绑lo肥an滋/d逼ep敏os绕it担r码at惭io同增存款铲保险汽体系乏d乐ep宴os登it丝i饲ns天ur命an贯ce胁s衬ys接te挤m某储存款兆货币刻银行纳d绿ep克os胡it弃m培on滨ey造b妻an禽ks千犬存款涉准备们金睬re仿qu陶ir寸ed王r条es趋er妇ve据s病阁D窜平打白率条废is末su采e幸IO佳U券辰大额循存单跳c靠er匀ti矛fi端ca笋te拣o叮f宵de福po饮si厚t（传CD兄）独焰大额虫提现恨w喂it误hd桃ra讨w怜de范po帽si愤ts芹i扇n谨la调rg膏e鼻am姥ou友nt困s关湾大面舟积滑策坡捕wi深de角-s渐pr漂ea负d跟de换cl般in猎e沟颤大一陈统的其银行悲体制缘（扩al早l-简in间-o情ne州）m击on具o-浅ba裤nk甚s卧ys毫te患m坚动呆账至（请谣见“再坏账述”）春b苏ad绑l孝oa叨ns核怖呆账猫准备何金布lo欺an迫l新os维s蝶re孟se暴rv劲es涌（p袭ro另vi略si器on俩s）备僻呆滞华贷款毛i树dl祝e甘lo目an晚s接积贷款号沉淀振n窝on夏-p河er签fo岂rm幻in所g丧lo窗an阻s意情贷款雪分类袖l运oa蜘n慌cl木as月si纽fi朽ca办ti绢on镰君贷款锣限额顶管理胡c圣re均di奸t涌co晚nt耳ro倦l;亭to恶i津mp民os弹e没cr舰ed荒it凉c竹ei板li枣ng雷阀贷款导约束算机制签c肠re雁di梅t砖di必sc穗ip届li你na惩ry调（c德on启st撒ra丹in叫t）仍me洽ch麻an动is绿m嘉坦代理闪国库腊t施o棕ac糕t偏as当f师is执ca目l饶ag吓en略t紫兆代理伟金融吩机构辅贷款局m夫ak北e鱼lo挪an器s限on夺b丑eh贱al久f粉of饮o垮th巨er磨i晋ns楼ti倒tu昂ti著on鸽s灶煎戴帽孔贷款怖e岔ar例-m江ar光ke总d袄lo爬an店s红谱倒逼译机制堆r据ev此er当se谊d挣tr姓an毛sm闭is香si椅on度o韵f精th救e虚pr胸es乐su须re僻f侧or布e灰as台in盐g锁mo律ne聚ta氏ry阔c提on壳di垦ti暖on亭给道德拖风险穗m棕or劳al串h龟az有ar退d肺凳地区镰差别烘r挡eg顾io进na伙l降di矩sp杂ar妇it员y歪压第一标产业能t桑he纳p青ri仇ma兆ry歪i傻nd株us迈tr识y慌伸第二敲产业南t祝he卵s肤ec耻on堂da你ry衣i础nd昂us光tr剩y狗凡第三骑产业主t辆he借s然er父vi价ce晨i集nd沾us辣tr僻y;料th我e童te日rt醋ia虎ry餐i焦nd泉us瘦tr局y横且递延踪资产皇d愤ef金er芒ra假bl镜e在as议se劣ts泽名订货串不足字i李ns悼uf踏fi品ci逝en柜t烫or家de绸rs也颠定期罚存款感t惑im养e刑de谨po急si跨ts碍己定向库募集摧r家ai君si激ng肚f倍un忍ds刃f强ro巾m型ta扮rg绩et卖ed俯s愉ou筒rc装es撕融东道朝国（情请见化“母孟国”晨）吨ho密st宝c价ou估nt充ry控油独立攀核算斥i壶nd坦ep昏en华de哨nt饿a窃cc搭ou之nt撇in载g瓦况短期洽国债正t搜re心as院ur届y删bi大ll励s倚供对冲织操作扭s赛te络ri秤li井za斩ti硬on赏o俯pe乔ra福ti核on矮;h保ed府gi火ng宿疗对非仅金融卡部门球债权邀c国la船im输s观on贝n导on厦-f甜in麻an声ci镜al今s主ec匹to桌r疯证多种霉所有粉制形圈式利di腹ve裂rs站if伸ie逗d倒ow予ne做rs薯hi遍p转蚁E抱劈恶性优通货西膨胀青h忌yp绍er叙in跪fl乏at梦io苍n光叹二级弓市场发s削ec呜on筹da弦ry伍m张ar招ke锦t经济金融术语汉英对照表（二）F发行货币toissuecurrency发行总股本totalstockissue法定准备金requiredreserves;reserverequirement法人股institutionalshares法人股东institutionalshareholders法治ruleoflaw房地产投资realestateinvestment放松银根toeasemonetarypolicy非现场稽核off-sitesurveillance（ormonitoring）非银行金融机构non-bankfinancialinstitutions非赢利性机构non-profitorganizations分税制assignmentofcentralandlocaltaxes;taxassignmentsystem分业经营segregationoffinancialbusiness（services）;divisionofbusinessscopebasedonthetypeoffinancialinstitutions风险暴露（风险敞口）riskexposure风险管理riskmanagement风险意识riskawareness风险资本比例risk-weightedcapitalratios风险资本标准risk-basedcapitalstandard服务事业收入publicservicecharges;user'scharges扶贫povertyalleviation负增长negativegrowth复式预算制double-entrybudgeting;capitalandcurrentbudgetaryaccountG改革试点reformexperimentation杠杆率leverageratio杠杆收购leveragedbuyout高息集资toraisefundsbyofferinghighinterest个人股non-institutionalshares根本扭转fundamentalturnaround（orreversal）公开市场操作openmarketoperations公款私存depositpublicfundsinpersonalaccounts公用事业publicutilities公有经济thestate-ownedsector;thepublicsector公有制publicownership工业成本利润率profit-to-costratio工业增加值industrialvalueadded供大于求supplyexceedingdemand;excessivesupply鼓励措施incentives股份合作企业joint-equitycooperativeenterprises股份制企业joint-equityenterprises股份制银行joint-equitybanks固定资产贷款fixedassetloans关税减免tariffreductionandexemption关税减让tariffconcessions关税优惠tariffincentives;preferentialtarifftreatment规范行为toregularize（orstandardize）…behavior规模效益economiesofscale国计民生nationalinterestandpeople'slivelihood国家对个人其他支出othergovernmentoutlaystoindividuals国家风险countryrisk国际分工internationaldivisionoflabor国际收支balanceofpayments国有独资商业银行whollystate-ownedcommercialbanks国有经济（部门）thestate-owned（orpublic）sector国有企业state-ownedenterprises（SOEs）国有制state-ownership国有资产流失erosionofstateassets国债回购governmentsecuritiesrepurchase国债一级自营商primaryunderwritersofgovernmentsecurities过度竞争excessivecompetition过度膨胀excessiveexpansion过热迹象signsofoverheatingH合理预期rationalexpectation核心资本corecapital合资企业joint-ventureenterprises红利dividend宏观经济运营良好soundmacroeconomicperformance宏观经济基本状况macroeconomicfundamentals宏观调控macroeconomicmanagement（oradjustment）宏观调控目标macroeconomicobjectives（ortargets）坏账baddebt还本付息debtservice换汇成本unitexportcost;localcurrencycostofexportearnings汇兑在途fundsinfloat汇兑支出advancepaymentofremittancebythebeneficiary'sbank汇率并轨unificationofexchangerates活期存款demanddeposits汇率失调exchangeratemisalignment混合所有制diversified（mixed）ownership货币政策态势monetarypolicystance货款拖欠overdueobligationstosuppliersJ基本建设投资investmentininfrastructure基本经济要素economicfundamentals基本适度broadlyappropriate经济金融术语汉英对照表（续表二）所有者权益owner'sequityT逃税（请见“避税”）taxevasion套汇（1）指合法：currencyswap;arbitrage（2）指非法：illegalpurchaseofforeignexchange剔除季节性因素seasonallyadjusted调节流动性toinfluenceliquiditylevel贴现窗口discountwindow同比onyear-on-yearbasis;overthesameperiodofthepreviousyear同业拆借（放）inter-bankborrowing（lending）同业拆借市场利率（中国）CHIBOR（Chinainter-bankofferedrate）同业融通票据inter-bankfinancingbills同业往来inter-banktransactions透支overdraft退税taxrefund（rebate）头寸position吞吐基础货币adjustmentofmonetarybase脱媒现象disintermediation经济金融术语汉英对照表（三）W外部审计externalaudit外国直接投资foreigndirectinvestment（FDI）外汇储备foreignexchangereserves外汇调剂foreignexchangeswap外汇占款theRMBcounterpartofforeignexchangereserves;theRMBequivalentofoffcialforeignexchangeholdings外向型经济export-orientedeconomy外债externaldebt外资企业foreign-fundedenterprises完善现代企业制度toimprovethemodernenterprisesystem完税凭证taxpaymentdocumentation违法经营illegalbusiness委托存款entrusteddeposits稳步增长steadygrowth稳健的银行系统asoundbankingsystem稳中求进tomakeprogresswhileensuringstability无纸交易book-entry（orpaperless/scriptless）transaction物价监测pricemonitoringX吸纳流动性toabsorbliquidity稀缺经济scarcityeconomy洗钱moneylaundering系统内调度fundallocationwithinabank系统性金融危机systemicfinancialcrisis下岗工人laid-offemployees下游企业down-streamenterprises现场稽核on-siteexamination现金滞留（居民手中）cashheldoutsidethebankingsystem乡镇企业townshipandvillageenterprises（TVEs）消费物价指数consumerpriceindex（CPI）消费税excise（consumption）tax消灭财政赤字tobalancethebudget;toeliminatefiscaldeficit销货款回笼reflowofcorporatesalesincometothebankingsystem销售平淡lacklustersales协议外资金额committedamountofforeigninvestment新经济增长点newsourcesofeconomicgrowth新开工项目newprojects;newlystartedprojects新增贷款incrementalcredit;loanincrement;creditgrowth;creditexpansion新增就业位置newjobs;newjobopportunities信贷规模考核reviewthecompliancewithcreditceilings信号失真distortedsignals信托投资公司trustandinvestmentcompanies信息不对称informationasymmetry信息反馈feedback（information）信息共享系统informationsharingsystem信息披露informationdisclosure信用扩张credirexpansion信用评级creditrating姓“资”还是姓“社”pertainingtosocialismorcapitalism;socialistorcaptialist行政措施administrativemeasures需求膨胀demandexpansion;excessivedemand虚伪存款window-dressingdeposits削减冗员toshedexcesslaborforce寻租rentseeking迅速反弹quickreboundY养老基金pensionfund一刀切universalapplication;non-discretionaryimplementation一级市场primarymarket应收未收利息overdueinterest银行网点bankingoutlets赢利能力profitability营业税businesstax硬贷款（商业贷款）commercialloans用地审批tograntlanduseright有管理的浮动汇率managedfloatingexchangerate证券投资portfolioinvestment游资（热钱）hotmoney有市场的产品marketableproducts有效供给effectivesupply诱发新一轮经济扩张triggeranewroundofeconomicexpansion逾期贷款overdueloans;past-dueloans与国际惯例接轨tobecomecompatiblewithinternationallyaccepted与国际市场接轨tointegratewiththeworldmarket预算外支出（收入）off-budget（extra-budgetary）expenditure（revenue）预调pre-emptiveadjustment月环比onamonth-on-monthbasis;onamonthlybasisZ再贷款centralbanklending在国际金融机构储备头寸reservepositionininternationalfinancialinstitutions在人行存款depositsat（with）thecentralbank在途资金fundinfloat增加农业投入toincreaseinvestmentinagriculture增势减缓decelerationofgrowth;moderationofgrowthmomentum增收节支措施revenue-enhancingandexpenditurecontrolmeasures增长平稳steadygrowth增值税value-addedtax（VAT）涨幅偏高higher-than-desirablegrowthrate;excessivegrowth账外账concealedaccounts折旧depreciation整顿retrenchment;consolidation政策工具policyinstrument政策性业务policy-relatedoperations政策性银行policybanks政策组合policymix政府干预governmentintervention证券交易清算settlementofsecuritiestransactions证券业务占款fundingofsecuritiespurchase经济金融术语汉英对照表（四）支付困难paymentdifficulty支付能力paymentcapacity直接调控方式向toincreasetherelianceonindirectpolicyinstruments间接调控方式转变职能转换transformationoffunctions职业道德professionalethics指令性措施mandatorymeasures指令性计划mandatoryplan;administeredplan制定和实施货币政策toconductmonetarypolicy;toformulateandimplementmonetarypolicy滞后影响laggedeffect中介机构intermediaries中央与地方财政delineationoffiscalresponsibilities分灶吃饭重点建设keyconstructionprojects;keyinvestmentproject周期谷底bottom（trough）ofbusinesscycle周转速度velocity主办银行mainbank主权风险sovereignrisk注册资本registeredcapital逐步到位tophasein;phasedimplementation逐步取消tophaseout抓大放小toseizethebigandfreethesmall（tomaintaincloseoversightonthelargestate-ownedenterprisesandsubjectsmalleronestomarketcompetition）专款专用useoffundsasear-marked转贷on-lending转轨经济transitioneconomy转机turnaround转折关头turningpoint准财政赤字quasi-fiscaldeficit准货币quasi-money资本不足under-capitalized资本充足率capitaladequacyratio资本利润率returnoncapital资本账户可兑换capitalaccountconvertibility资不抵债insolvent;insolvency资产负债表balancesheet资产负债率liability/assetratio;ratioofliabilitiestoassets资产集中assetconcentration资产贡献率assetcontributionfactor资产利润率returnonassets（ROA）资产质量assetquality资产组合assetportfolio资金成本costoffunding;costofcapital;financingcost资金到位fullyfunded（project）资金宽裕tohavesufficientfunds资金利用率fundutilizationrate资金缺口financinggap资金体外循环financialdisintermediation资金占压fundstiedup自筹投资项目self-financedprojects自有资金equityfund综合国力overallnationalstrength（oftenmeasuredbyGDP）综合效益指标overallefficiencyindicator综合治理comprehensiveadjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul总成交额totalcontractvalue总交易量totalamountoftransactions总成本totalcost所有者权益owner'sequityT逃税（请见“避税”）taxevasion套汇（1）指合法：currencyswap;arbitrage（2）指非法：illegalpurchaseofforeignexchange剔除季节性因素seasonallyadjusted调节流动性toinfluenceliquiditylevel贴现窗口discountwindow同比onyear-on-yearbasis;overthesameperiodofthepreviousyear同业拆借（放）inter-bankborrowing（lending）经济金融术语汉英对照表（续表三）基准利率benchmarkinterestrate机关团体存款depositsofnon-profitinstitutions机会成本opportunitycost激励机制incentivemechanism积压严重heavystockpile;excessiveinventory挤提存款runonbanks挤占挪用unwarranteddiversionof（financial）resources（fromdesignateduses）技改投资investmentintechnologicalupgrading技术密集型产品technology-intensiveproduct计划单列市municipalitieswithindependentplanningstatus计划经济plannedeconomy集体经济thecollectivesector加大结构调整力度tointensifystructuraladjustment加工贸易processingtrade加快态势acceleratingtrend加强税收征管稽查toenhancetaxadministration加权价weightedaverageprice价格放开priceliberalization价格形成机制pricingmechanism减亏toreducelosses简化手续tocutredtape;tosimplify（streamline）procedures交投活跃brisktrading缴存准备金todepositrequiredreserves结构扭曲structuraldistortion结构失调structuralimbalance结构性矛盾突出acutestructuralimbalance结构优化structuralimprovement（optimization）结汇、售汇saleandpurchaseofforeignexchange金融脆弱financialfragility金融动荡financialturbulence金融风波financialdisturbance金融恐慌financialpanic金融危机financialcrisis金融压抑financialrepression金融衍生物financialderivatives金融诈骗financialfraud紧缩银根totightenmonetarypolicy经济金融术语汉英对照表（五）紧缩政策austeritypolicies;tightfinancialpolicies经常账户可兑换currentaccountconvertibility经济特区specialeconomiczones（SEZs）经济体制改革economicreform经济增长方式的转变changeinthemainsourceofeconomicgrowth（frominvestmentexpansiontoefficiencygains）经济增长减速economicslowdown;moderationineconomicgrowth经济制裁economicsanction经营自主权autonomyinmanagement景气回升recoveryinbusinessactivity境外投资overseasinvestment竞争加剧intensifyingcompetition局部性金融风波localized（isolated）financialdisturbanceK开办人民币业务toengageinRMBbusiness可维持（可持续）经济增长sustainableeconomicgrowth可变成本variablecost可自由兑换货币freelyconvertiblecurrency控制现金投放controlcurrencyissuance扣除物价因素inrealterms;oninflation-adjustedbasis库存产品inventory跨国银行业务cross-borderbanking跨年度采购cross-yearprocurement会计准则accountingstandardL来料加工processingofimportedmaterialsforexport离岸银行业务off-shorebanking（business）理顺外贸体制torationalizeforeigntraderegime利率杠杆的调节作用theroleofinterestratesinresourceallocation利润驱动profit-driven利息回收率interestcollectionratio联行清算inter-banksettlement连锁企业franchise（businesses）;chainbusinesses良性循环virtuouscycle两极分化growingincomedisparity;polarizationinincomedistribution零售物价指数retailpriceindex（RPI）流动性比例liquidityratio流动资产周转率/流通速度velocityofliquidassets流动资金贷款workingcapitalloans流通体制distributionsystem流通网络distributionnetwork留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物）hirepurchase垄断行业monopolizedindustry（sector）乱集资irregular（illegal）fundraising乱收费irregular（illegal）charges乱摊派unjustified（arbitrary）leviesM买方市场buyer'smarket卖方市场seller'smarket卖出回购证券matchedsaleofrepo贸易差额tradebalance民间信用non-institutionalizedcredit免二减三exemptionofincometaxforthefirsttwoyearsofmakingprofitand50%taxreductionforthefollowingthreeyears明补explicitsubsidy明亏explicitloss名牌产品brandproducts母国（请见“东道国”）homecountryN内部控制internalcontrol内部审计internalaudit内地与香港themainlandandHongKong内债domesticdebt扭亏为盈toturnaloss-makingenterpriseintoaprofitableone扭曲金融分配distortedallocationoffinancialresources农副产品采购支出outlaysforagriculturalprocurement农村信用社ruralcreditcooperatives（RCCs）P泡沫效应bubbleeffect泡沫经济bubbleeconomy培育新的经济增长点totapnewsourcesofeconomicgrowth片面追求发展速度excessivepursuitofgrowth平衡发展balanceddevelopment瓶颈制约bottleneck（constraints）平稳回升steadyrecovery铺底流动资金initial（start-up）workingcapital普遍回升broad-basedrecovery配套改革concomitant（supporting）reforms配套人民币资金localcurrencyfundingof…Q企业办社会enterprisesburdenedwithsocialresponsibilities企业集团战略corporategroupstrategy企业兼并重组companymergerandrestructuring企业领导班子enterprisemanagement企业所得税enterprise（corporate）incometax企业效益corporateprofitability企业资金违规流入股市irregularflowofenterprisefundsintothestockmarket欠税taxarrears欠息overdueinterest强化税收征管tostrengthentaxadministration强制措施enforcementaction翘尾因素carryovereffect切一刀partialapplication清理收回贷款cleanupandrecoverloans（破产）清算liquidation倾斜政策preferentialpolicy区别对待differentialtreatment趋势加强intensifyingtrend全球化globalization权益回报率returnsonequity（ROE）缺乏后劲unsustainablemomentum经济金融术语汉英对照表（六）R绕规模贷款tocircumventcreditceiling人均国内生产总值percapitaGDP人均收入percapitaincome人民币升值压力upwardpressureontheRenminbi（exchangerate）认缴资本subscribedcapital软贷款softloans软预算约束softbudgetconstraint软着陆softlandingS三角债chaindebts;inter-enterprisearrears善政廉政goodgovernance商业贷款commercialloans上市公司（publicly）listedcorporations设备利用capacityutilization社会保障socialsafetynet;socialsecurity（insurance）深层次矛盾deep-rootedstructuralimbalance审批金融机构tolicensefinancialinstitutions审慎监管prudentialsupervision生产能力闲置unutilizedcapacity生息资产interest-bearingassets实际利用外资disbursementofforeigncapital;actualinflowofforeigninvestment实际有效汇率realeffectiveexchangerate实时realtime实收资本paid-incapital实现利润realizedprofit市场分割marketsegmentation市场经济marketeconomy市场占有率（市场份额）marketshare市场准入marketaccess（指商品和劳务的进入）；marketentry（指机构的审批）市价总值marketcapitalization适度从紧appropriatelytight适时调节timelyadjustment收回对金融机构贷款torecallcentralbankloans（tofinancialinstitutions）税后还贷amortization（repaymentofloans）aftertax税收流失taxerosion税源不足weaktaxbase私营经济（私人经济）theprivatesector私有制privateownership经济金融术语汉英对照表（续表四）同业拆借市场利率（中国）CHIBOR（Chinainter-bankofferedrate）同业融通票据inter-bankfinancingbills同业往来inter-banktransactions透支overdraft退税taxrefund（rebate）头寸position吞吐基础货币adjustmentofmonetarybase脱媒现象disintermediationW外部审计externalaudit外国直接投资foreigndirectinvestment（FDI）外汇储备foreignexchangereserves外汇调剂foreignexchangeswap外汇占款theRMBcounterpartofforeignexchangereserves;theRMBequivalentofoffcialforeignexchangeholdings外向型经济export-orientedeconomy外债externaldebt外资企业foreign-fundedenterprises完善现代企业制度toimprovethemodernenterprisesystem完税凭证taxpaymentdocumentation违法经营illegalbusiness委托存款entrusteddeposits稳步增长steadygrowth稳健的银行系统asoundbankingsystem稳中求进tomakeprogresswhileensuringstability无纸交易book-entry（orpaperless/scriptless）transaction物价监测pricemonitoringX吸纳流动性toabsorbliquidity稀缺经济scarcityeconomy洗钱moneylaundering系统内调度fundallocationwithinabank系统性金融危机systemicfinancialcrisis下岗工人laid-offemployees下游企业down-streamenterprises现场稽核on-siteexamination现金滞留（居民手中）cashheldoutsidethebankingsystem乡镇企业townshipandvillageenterprises（TVEs）消费物价指数consumerpriceindex（CPI）消费税excise（consumption）tax消灭财政赤字tobalancethebudget;toeliminatefiscaldeficit销货款回笼reflowofcorporatesalesincometothebankingsystem销售平淡lacklustersales协议外资金额committedamountofforeigninvestment新经济增长点newsourcesofeconomicgrowth新开工项目newprojects;newlystartedprojects新增贷款incrementalcredit;loanincrement;creditgrowth;creditexpansion新增就业位置newjobs;newjobopportunities信贷规模考核reviewthecompliancewithcreditceilings信号失真distortedsignals信托投资公司trustandinvestmentcompanies信息不对称informationasymmetry信息反馈feedback（information）信息共享系统informationsharingsystem信息披露informationdisclosure信用扩张credirexpansion信用评级creditrating姓“资”还是姓“社”pertainingtosocialismorcapitalism;socialistorcaptialist行政措施administrativemeasures需求膨胀demandexpansion;excessivedemand虚伪存款window-dressingdeposits削减冗员toshedexcesslaborforce寻租rentseeking迅速反弹quickrebound经济金融术语汉英对照表（七）Y养老基金pensionfund一刀切universalapplication;non-discretionaryimplementation一级市场primarymarket应收未收利息overdueinterest银行网点bankingoutlets赢利能力profitability营业税businesstax硬贷款（商业贷款）commercialloans用地审批tograntlanduseright有管理的浮动汇率managedfloatingexchangerate证券投资portfolioinvestment游资（热钱）hotmoney有市场的产品marketableproducts有效供给effectivesupply诱发新一轮经济扩张triggeranewroundofeconomicexpansion逾期贷款overdueloans;past-dueloans与国际惯例接轨tobecomecompatiblewithinternationallyaccepted与国际市场接轨tointegratewiththeworldmarket预算外支出（收入）off-budget（extra-budgetary）expenditure（revenue）预调pre-emptiveadjustment月环比onamonth-on-monthbasis;onamonthlybasisZ再贷款centralbanklending在国际金融机构储备头寸reservepositionininternational