广东省广州市2023年高三英语二模考试试卷及答案

广东省广州市高三英语二模考试试卷一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)1.阅读理解AdultEducationCoursesComputerStudiesTechnologyisadvancingatarapidpace,andwerelymoreandmoreoncomputersforeverythingfromcookingtoorganisingourtaxes.Thissix-weekcoursewillgiveyouanunderstandingofcomputerfundamentals,includingtheuseofsoftwarepackages(Word,ExcelandPowerpoint)andhowtousetheInternet.Start:May2,2019Time:Wed7pm-9pmCost:$300Length:6weeksPlace:SydneyCollegeWoodworkLearnthebasicsofwoodworkingwithsimplehands-onprojectstobuildyourconfidenceandskills.Eachlessonexploresadifferentareaofwoodworkingthatwillprovideyouwiththeskillsneededforanywoodworkingproject.Flexiblelearningallowsyoutochooseonlythelessonsthatinterestyou.Start:April15,2019Time:Mon5pm-7pmCost:$30perlessonLength:12weeksPlace:AdultLearningCentreWebDesignProvidesadvancedtraininginsoftware,design,andcodingfortheweb.Studentsmusthavealreadycompletedarecognisedbasicwebdesigncourseorhaveatleast2years'relevantworkexperience.StudentscompletingthecoursewillreceivetheDiplomainAdvancedWebDesign.Start:June1,2019Time:Weekdays9am-4pmCost:$4,990Length:40weeksPlace:UniversityofTechnologyArtThispracticalcourseisintendedtohelpestablishedartiststaketheircreativityfurther.Fromsketchingandcolour,tocomposition,paintingandexperimentingwithstyle,youwillstudyandexploreanengagingvarietyofcreativemediaandsubjectmatter.Start:April21,2019Time:Thur3pm-6pmCost:$750Length:15weeksPlace:CityArt（1）.Whichcoursesaresuitableforbeginners?A.WebDesignandArt.

B.ComputerStudiesandArt.

C.WoodworkandWebDesign.

D.ComputerStudiesandWoodwork.（2）.Whichcourseawardsstudentsanofficialcertificate?A.Art.

B.Woodwork.

C.WebDesign.

D.ComputerStudies.（3）.HowmuchwillastudentwhoattendsonlyhalfofalltheWoodworklessonspayintotal?A.$30.

B.$180.

C.$250.

D.$360.2.阅读理解

WhenLinawasawokenbythesoundofthunder,shewasaloneontheisland.Theairwascoolandbullfrogscroaked.Itwasthatbriefmomentwhenthesummersunhadsetbutthestarshadn'tyetappeared.Linarubbedhereyesandlookedaround.

"Hello?"shecalled."Celia?Marie?"

Therewasnoresponse.

Themoonwasrisingnow,sheddinglightontheisland.Theyhadalwayscalledit"ForgottenIsland"becausenoonebuttheyseemedtorememberitsexistence.Itwasn'tonanyofthemapstheycouldfind,andeventheforestrangersdidn'tknowaboutit.Linalovedthattheisland,hiddeninaheavily-woodedsidestreamoftheriver,wasasecretbetweenthethreefriends-her,Celia,andMarie.

ButnowLinawasherealone,anditwasnight.Worsestill,itwasherownfault.

"Comeon,Lina,letMarierowtheboat."Celiahadsaid.MariewastwoyearsolderthanLina,butshewasahopelessrower.That'swhyLinarefusedandrowedtheboattotheisland.Theargumentthatfollowedtherefusaltooktheusualform.CeliatookMarie'sside,asshealwaysdid.Linahadexplodedandyelledatthemtojustleave.Sotheygotbackintheboatandleft.

Aboltoflightningcrossedthedarkenedsky,accompaniedbyadeafeningthunderclap.Thestormwashere.Asthefirstcoldraindropsliddownherneck,Lina'smindreturnedtohercurrentproblem.Shewasstuckherebyherself.Shejusthopedshedidn'tbecomeasforgottenastheisland.Thethoughtofitsentachill（寒意）downherback.

Suddenly,Linaspottedsomethinginthewater.Itwasaboat,andinsideitwereMarie,Celia,andMarie'sdad,whowassteeringthroughthefastflowingwaters.Astheboatapproached,theysawLinawavingandtheworriedexpressionsontheirfacesturnedtorelief.

InherexcitementLinajumpedintotheriver.Onlyonceshewasintheicywaterdidsherememberhowfastthewaterwasmoving.Luckilyastrongarmreachedintothewaterandpulledherout.ShesmiledweaklyatMarie'sdadand,withoutaword,huggedCeliaandMarie.Theydidn'tseemtomindbecomingwet.（1）.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheisland?A.Itisveryneartheocean.

B.Itisapopularplaceforboating.

C.Itissurroundedbythickforest.

D.Ithasneverbeenreachedbyothers.（2）.WhydidLinagetangry?A.Mariewouldnothelprowtheboat.

B.Linawasleftaloneontheisland.

C.Mariedidn'tknowhowtorowtheboat.

D.CeliasupportedMarieinthedisagreement.（3）.WhatcausedLinatofeelachill?A.Hershameabouttheunnecessaryargument.

B.Thefirstraindropsoftheapproachingstorm.

C.Theideathatnoonewouldcometosaveher.

D.Thedropintemperatureasthesunwentdown.（4）.WhopulledLinaoutofthewater?A.Marie'sfather.

B.Linaherself.

C.Marie.

D.Celia.3.阅读理解

Tourismisoftenaboutseekingdeeperemotionalandpersonalconnectionswiththeworldaroundus.Notalltravelexperiences,however,needtotakeplaceintherealworld.Withtheevolutionofvirtualreality(VR)technology,tourismwillincreasinglybecomeacombinationofphysicalandvirtualworlds.VRmayevenremovetheneedtotravelentirely.

ButcanaVRexperiencereallyequalarealworldone?Manyexpertsbelieveitcan.StudieshaveshownthatourbrainshaveaninbuiltVR-likemechanismthatenablesustoliveimaginedexperiences.Muchofourwakinglifeisspentthinkingabouteitherthepastorthefuture.Thisisknownas"mindwandering".Duringtheseeventswe'renotpayingattentiontothecurrentworldaroundus.Instead,we'rerecallingmemories,orcreatingandprocessingimaginedfutures.

Whenengagedinmindwandering,ourbrainsprocessthesementalimagesusingthesamepathwaysusedtoreceiveinputsfromtherealworld.So,theimaginedpastorfuturecancreateemotionsandfeelingssimilartohowwereacttoeverydaylife.VRcancreatethesesamefeelings.

Whilecriticsmightarguethatavirtualexperiencewillnevermatchreality,thereareseveralwaysVRtourismcouldmakeapositivecontribution.Firstlyitcouldhelpprotectsensitivelocationsfromover-tourism.InrecentyearsfamoussitessuchasMayaBayinThailand,andCambodia'sAngkorWatTempleshavehadtolimitthenumberofvisitorsbecauseoftheirnegativeimpact.TheseplacesarenowproducingtheirownVRexperiencesthatwillallowtouriststopassthroughvirtualmodelsofthesites.

Virtualrealitymayalsoallowpeoplebackintime,toexperiencehistoricalevents,visitancientcities,andeventowalkamongdinosaurs.

Finally,inaworldwheremanypeoplesufferfromstressanddepressionduetooverwork,virtualtourismmayprovideacheapandconvenientwayforpeopletotakebriefholidaystootherwiseunreachabledestinationsandrechargetheirbatteries,withouteverleavingtheirhomes.

Itsoundslikesciencefictionbutit'salreadyhappening.Asvirtualtechnologyimprovesandaspeoplecontinuetodemandnewandinterestingexperiences,expectmorevirtualtourism,bothincombinationwiththerealworldandinsteadofit.（1）.Whatisdrivingthedevelopmentofvirtualtourism?A.Companiesseekingtomakemoremoney.

B.Improvementsinvirtualrealitytechnology.

C.People'sdemandformoresharedexperiences.

D.People'sdeeperunderstandingofthephysicalworld.（2）.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes"mindwandering"?A.ThebrainprocesseswhichhelppeoplethinkVRisreal.

B.Thewaythebrainprocessesinputsfromtherealworld.

C.Brainactivitiesfocusingonpastorfutureevents.

D.Experiencescomingfromaperson'simagination.（3）.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Sciencefiction.

B.Virtualtechnology.

C.Virtualtourism.

D.Therealworld.（4）.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.TodescribetheadvantagesofVRtourism.

B.Togivesuggestionsforreducingover-tourism.

C.ToencouragepeopletodevelopVRtechnology.

D.ToargueVRtourismwillreplacetherealworldtravel.4.阅读理解

Bothhoneybeesandantsaresocialinsectsthatliveingroupscalledcolonies.Theysurvivebymeansoftheircollectiveintelligence.Theirdecision-makingpowerisdistributedthroughoutthegroup;thatis,nooneantorbeemakesdecisionsforthegroup.Instead,theyworktogether.AsDeborahM.Gordon,abiologistatStanfordUniversity,says,"Antsaren'tsmart.Antcoloniesare."

Thesameistrueforbeecolonies.Althoughbeesandantsarequitedifferentphysically,theyhavealotincommonintermsoftheirsocialbehavior.Specifically,honeybeesandantshavesimilarroleswithinthecolony,bothhavecommunicationsystems,andbothhavethecapacityforlearning.

Antscommunicatebyusingchemicalscalledpheromones,whichcanalertotherstodangerortoafoodsource.Forexample,whenworkerantsfindapromisingsource,theylettherestofthecolonyknowhowtofinditbyleavingatrailofpheromonesonthewaybacktothecolony.Theotherantspickupthemessageusingtheirsenseofsmell.Bees,ontheotherhand,usemovementtocommunicatewitheachother.Workerbeessendmessagestoeachotherbymeansofa"dance".Differentspeedsandmovementssenddifferentmessages.Forexample,whenworkerbeescalledscoutsgoouttofindanewhomeforthecolony,theyreturnanddoadancefortheotherworkerbeesthatindicatesthelocationofthenewhomeandhowsuitableitis.Thefasterthescoutsdance,thebetterthenewlocationis.

Honeybeesandantsarebothcapableoflearning.OneChinesestudyfoundthatbeescanbetrainedtolearnandrememberaroutetoafoodsource.Theresearchersalsofoundthatbeescanbetaughttorecognizehiddenobjectsandusetheconceptsof"sameness"and"difference"toaccomplishcertaintasks.Antstakethisonestepfurther.RecentAmericanresearchhasshownthatantsnotonlyhavetheabilitytolearn,butalsocanteachtheirforagingskillstootheryoungerants.Theyobservedthatolderantsaccompanyyoungantsinsearchoffoodandteachthemtherouteandhowtoavoidobstacles.

Aswecansee,thesocialbehaviorofhoneybeesandantsisquitesimilar.Bothcoordinatecomplexactionsandaccomplishcrucialsurvivaltasksbycooperatingingroupsconsistingofmanyindividuals.Unintelligentastheymaybeasindividuals,asgroupstheyoftenshowamazingbrillianceastheygoabouttheireverydayactivities.（1）.Whatdoantsandbeeshaveincommon?A.Theyliveinsimilar-sizedcolonies.

B.Theymakeuseofcollectiveintelligence.

C.Theyhavesmallleadershipgroupsthatmakealldecisions.

D.Theyusethesamemethodstocommunicatewitheachother.（2）.Whatdoesthespeedofabee'sdanceindicate?A.Thequalityofanewcolonylocation.

B.Thedistancetoaneighboringcolony.

C.Thediscoveryofanewfoodsource.

D.Thedirectiontoapotentialfoodsource.（3）.Inparagraph3,howdoestheauthordemonstratetheideathatHoneybeesandantsarebothcapableoflearning?A.Byusingstatistics.

B.Byexplainingreasons.

C.Byreferencingopinions.

D.Bypresentingstudyfindings.（4）.Whatisthebenefitofcollectiveintelligence?A.Itallowsthecolonytoreproducemorerapidly.

B.Itimprovesworkcooperationwithinthecolony.

C.Itreducesthedivisionoflabouramongmembers.

D.Itenablesindividualstoteacheachothernewskills.二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余。

Whathappenswhenyouwanttogofromoneplacetoanother,butthere'swaterintheway？That'stheproblempeoplefacedforhundredsofyearsintheareathatisnowNewYorkCity.Inthecity,thereisanaturalcanalcalledtheNarrows,separatingBrooklynononesidefromStatenIslandontheother.

ButtheNarrowsisn'treallysonarrow.Thewaterisalmostamilewide,andit'smorethan100feetdeep.________Whentheywantedtotalktoeachother,theyclimbedintotheirboatsandsailedacross.

Bythelate1800s,circumstanceshadchangeddramatically.PopulationgrowthmeanttherewerenowmanypeopleneedingtotravelbetweenStatenIslandandBrooklynforwork.________

Between1888and1920thereweretwomajoreffortstobuildatraintunneltoconnecttheareas.________Proposalstobuildaconnectingbridgemadeduringthe1910salsoendedinfailureduetooppositionfromtheUSNavy.

Finally,afterWorldWarII,thereweresomanypeoplelivinginNewYorkCitythatleadersdecidedBrooklynandStatenIslandneededadirectconnection.Sincetunnelsweretooexpensive,theydecidedtobuildabridge.Thedesignselectedhadtwoseparateroadwaysstackedontopofeachother.________Construction,whichtookfiveyears,wascompletedin1964andcost$320million.Todayabout190,000carsandtruckscrossthebridgeeveryday.

________ButinthecaseoftheNarrows,figuringoutagoodsolutiontookhundredsofyears.A.Sometimesgettingfromoneplacetoanotheriseasy.B.Bothwerequicklyabandonedhoweverduetothehighcostsinvolved.C.Neitherroadwaslargeenoughtosatisfytheexistingtransportdemands.D.Itwasanticipatedthatthenewtrainsystemwouldhelptheareasgrowevenfaster.E.Takingaboateverytimewasveryslow,expensiveand,inbadweather,unreliable.F.Bothwouldhangintheairfromthicksteelcables,supportedbytwogiantsteeltowers.G.Foralongtimethatwasn'taproblem,becauseonlyafewpeoplelivedinBrooklynandStatenIsland.三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）6.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Myfatheralwaystoldme:"Allworkisnoble."Hewasn't

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,IwasabletogotoArtCollege.I,however,wantedtodosomething

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,somethingmoreinteresting-Iwasspecial！

Aftergraduation,ImovedtoNewYorkinsearchofagraphicdesignerjob.Itwaswinterand,evertheoptimist,I'donlybroughtenoughmoneyto

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myselfforaboutamonth.Iwasn't

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-IwassureI'dfindafantasticjobimmediately.

Withinafewweeks,though,Ifoundmyselfwanderingaroundthestreetshavingbeen

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byeverydesignofficeintown.Myhostel

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wasalmostgoneandIhadn'teatenindays.“HowhadIreachedthispoint？""IwonderedasI

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inmythinjacket.

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whenmydadcalled.HesuggestedthatIgetajobina

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.ButIwascold,hungry,andunwillingtogohomefeeling

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Ienteredanexpensive-lookingcafenearoneofthedesignofficesthathadturnedmeawayandaskedthemanageriftheywere

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,IfoundthatIreallyenjoyedservingpeople.Istartedmakingbig

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andaskedmetodesignthecafemenus.Thatledtoapart-timejobatanadvertisingcompany.

Previously,I'dhaveneverconsideredbeinga

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gotmydreamdesignjob,butthatwinterIlearnednottomake

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aboutwork.1.A.concernedB.wealthyC.generousD.caring2.A.educationB.timeC.powerD.effort3.A.differentB.simpleC.strangeD.safe4.A.entertainB.protectC.supportD.identify5.A.disappointedB.worriedC.helplessD.alone6.A.rejectedB.annoyedC.restrictedD.invited7.A.hostB.roomC.contractD.rent8.A.waitedB.trembledC.regrettedD.sweated9.A.showoffB.settledownC.giveupD.setout10.A.libraryB.galleryC.factoryD.restaurant11.A.hesitateB.agreeC.continueD.reply12.A.relievedB.ashamedC.secureD.lonely13.A.hiringB.workingC.servingD.checking14.A.reasonableB.popularC.overstaffedD.shorthanded15.A.HopefullyB.UndoubtedlyC.SurprisinglyD.Obviously16.A.designsB.contactsC.mealsD.tips17.A.hobbyB.companyC.backgroundD.task18.A.waiterB.designerC.directorD.manager19.A.simplyB.nearlyC.eventuallyD.temporarily20.A.preparationsB.assumptionsC.changesD.suggestions四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）7.阅读下面材料,在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。

InHebeiProvinceliesavastforestcalledSaihanba.ThisgreenGreatWall,________atitspeakduringtheQingDynastycoveredthousandsofhectares,hadbythe1950s________（virtual）disappeared.ThisallowedsandtoblowintoBeijingfromthenortherndeserts.

SaihanbaisacombinationofChineseandMongolian,________（mean）“beautifulhighlands".UntiltheQingDynasty,itwasaroyalhuntinglandbecauseofitscoolsummerweatherandbeautifulsurroundings.However,mostoftheareahadturnedintoadesertbytheendoftheQingDynasty.

Infact56yearsagotherewasonlyonetreeleft.Butwithoutthattree,there________（be）nomiracleofSaihanbatoday.Intheearly1960s,over350foresters________（send）tothisareatofightthedesert.Theywererequired________（rebuild）theforestinSaihanba.Fewpeople,includingtheforestersthemselves,believedtheywouldsucceed.Theirdoubtdisappeared,however,whentheyfoundthe200-year-oldtree,swayingalonein________wind.Ifonetreecouldsurvivehere,________couldmillionsoftrees,theythought.

Afterdecadesofhardwork,threegenerationsoftheforestershaverestoredalmost80%oftheoriginalSaihanbaforest.Recently,theywereawardedthe________（high）environmentalhonorfromtheUnitedNationsfortheirgreat________（contribute）tocreatingagreenerworld.五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）8.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Ropeskippingisasportsuitableforpeopleofallage.Peopleskipropeforfunandexercise.

Everystudentareabletolearntoskip.Youcanskipaloneorwithyourclassmates.Ifyouskipalone,youwillneedshortropeaboutdoublethelengthofyourhigh.Youshouldturntheropeslowsothatyoucanskipsafely.Itmighthelpwithifyoucansingarhymewhileskips.

Whenyouskiprope,yourheartbeatsfastthanusualandyourbodyisstressed.Therefore,stopforarestafteryouinjureyourself.So,pickuparope,findingasillyrhymeandstartskipping.六、书面表达（满分25分）9.假定你是学生会主席李华。你校将于2019年3月30日举办“大湾区与我”（TheGreaterBayAreaandMe）英文演讲比赛,以加强粤港澳姐妹学校间的交流与合作。1所高中共30位学生将参加全天比赛。请给外教史密斯先生写一封电子邮件,邀请他当评委并作点评。注意：1）词数100左右：2）可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

答案解析部分一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)1.【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种成人教育课程。

（1）考查细节理解。根据ComputerStudies部分中的“Thissix-weekcoursewillgiveyouanunderstandingofcomputerfundamentals”可知这门课程会使你了解计算机基础知识，与Woodwork部分中的“Learnthebasicsofwoodworkingwithsimplehands-onprojectstobuildyourconfidenceandskills.”可知这门课程会学习基本的木工与简单的动手项目，可知这两门课程都是适合新手的基础课程，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据WebDesign部分中的“StudentscompletingthecoursewillreceivetheDiplomainAdvancedWebDesign.”可知完成课程的学生将获得高级网页设计文凭。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Woodwork部分中的“Cost:$30perlesson，Length:12weeks”可知，课程一共持续十二周，每节课30美元。故可知半学期，即六周的课程需要花费6*30=180美元。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2.【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，三个女孩儿一同去一座无人的小岛上，因为让谁划船产生了分歧，其中一个女孩Lina生气离开了队友独自留在了岛上。最后被朋友的父亲营救了。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Linalovedthattheisland,hiddeninaheavily-woodedsidestreamoftheriver,wasasecretbetweenthethreefriends-her,Celia,andMarie.”可知小岛隐藏在一条树木繁茂的河边，故可知小岛是被浓密的森林包围着。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“CeliatookMarie'sside,asshealwaysdid.”可知西莉亚一如既往地站在玛丽一边。这使得Lina很生气，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Shejusthopedshedidn'tbecomeasforgottenastheisland.”可知Lina一想到自己可能会像这个岛一样被遗忘，没有人来救她，这不禁使她有了一阵寒意，故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Luckilyastrongarmreachedintothewaterandpulledherout.ShesmiledweaklyatMarie'sdad”可知Lina感到一只强壮的手臂伸进水里把她拉了出来，这正是Marie的父亲，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。3.【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，旅游能让人们与周围的世界建立深层的情感联系。如今人们可以通过VR技术体现旅游。介绍了这项技术的原理，以及这项技术的运用，不仅可以体验各地的景点还可以体验历史事件。这项技术使人们在忙碌之余足不出户就可以放松身心。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Withtheevolutionofvirtualreality(VR)technology,tourismwillincreasinglybecomeacombinationofphysicalandvirtualworlds.VRmayevenremovetheneedtotravelentirely.”可知随着虚拟现实技术的发展，旅游业越来越成为现实世界与虚拟世界的结合体，虚拟现实甚至可以完全消除旅行的需要，因此虚拟现实技术的发展促进了虚拟旅游业的发展。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Muchofourwakinglifeisspentthinkingabouteitherthepastorthefuture.Thisisknownas"mindwandering".可知，我们清醒时的大部分时间花在了思考过去或者未来上。故可以推出，“心灵漫游”是专注于过去或未来事件的大脑活动。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Asvirtualtechnologyimprovesandaspeoplecontinuetodemandnewandinterestingexperiences,expectmorevirtualtourism,bothincombinationwiththerealworldandinsteadofit.”可知，随着虚拟技术的进步，以及人们对新奇有趣体验的需求，虚拟旅游将会越来越多，它不仅会与现实世界相结合，还会取代现实世界。both与and后的内容并列，因此it指代的是therealworld，现实世界。故选D。

（4）考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了虚拟旅游的功能和积极影响。第四段中的“Whilecriticsmightarguethatavirtualexperiencewillnevermatchreality,thereareseveralwaysVRtourismcouldmakeapositivecontribution.”可知，虚拟旅游可以做出积极的贡献。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4.【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，蜜蜂和蚂蚁一样都是群居的社会性昆虫。他们通过集体的智慧生存下来。蚂蚁和蜜蜂在社会行为上有很多共同点。蚂蚁之间能通过信息素进行交流寻找食物。蜜蜂通过特殊的舞蹈传递信息。蚂蚁和蜜蜂都具备学习能力能被训练。蚂蚁和蜜蜂的日常活动展现了惊人的智慧。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Bothhoneybeesandantsaresocialinsectsthatliveingroupscalledcolonies.Theysurvivebymeansoftheircollectiveintelligence.”蜜蜂和蚂蚁都是群居的昆虫，它们靠集体智慧而生存。可知它们充分利用集体的智慧。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Differentspeedsandmovementssenddifferentmessages.Forexample,whenworkerbeescalledscoutsgoouttofindanewhomeforthecolony,theyreturnanddoadancefortheotherworkerbeesthatindicatesthelocationofthenewhomeandhowsuitableitis.Thefasterthescoutsdance,thebetterthenewlocationis.”不同的速度和动作会发出不同的信息。例如，当被称为“童子军”的工蜂外出为蜂群寻找新家时，它们会回来为其他工蜂跳舞，表明新家的位置和适合的程度，童子军跳得越快，新的地点就越好。可知蜜蜂跳舞的速度表明新占地的位置。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Honeybeesandantsarebothcapableoflearning.OneChinesestudyfoundthatbeescanbetrainedtolearnandrememberaroutetoafoodsource.Theresearchersalsofoundthat…，”蜜蜂和蚂蚁都有能力学习。中国的一项研究发现，蜜蜂可以被训练来学习和记住通往食物来源的路径。研究人员还发现，…，可知作者是通过研究发现来展示的。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Aswecansee,thesocialbehaviorofhoneybeesandantsisquitesimilar.Bothcoordinatecomplexactionsandaccomplishcrucialsurvivaltasksbycooperatingingroupsconsistingofmanyindividuals.Unintelligentastheymaybeasindividuals,asgroupstheyoftenshowamazingbrillianceastheygoabouttheireverydayactivities.”正如我们所看到的，蜜蜂和蚂蚁的社会行为是非常相似的。它们通过合作组成由许多个体组成的群体来协调复杂的行动和完成关键的生存任务。他们每天都在进行他们的活动。可知集体智慧的好处是它改善了殖民地内部的工作合作。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）5.【答案】G；E；B；F；A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了史泰登岛和布鲁克林之间的交通的发展过程。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Whentheywantedtotalktoeachother,theyclimbedintotheirboatsandsailedacross.”当他们想互相交谈时，他们就爬上船，航行过去。可知G.Foralongtimethatwasn'taproblem,becauseonlyafewpeoplelivedinBrooklynandStatenIsland.“很长时间这不是问题，因为只有少数人住在布鲁克林和史泰登岛。”承接下文，符合语境，故选G。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“PopulationgrowthmeanttherewerenowmanypeopleneedingtotravelbetweenStatenIslandandBrooklynforwork.

”人口增长意味着现在有许多人往返于史泰登岛和布鲁克林之间上班，可知E.Takingaboateverytimewasveryslow,expensiveand,inbadweather,unreliable.“每次坐船都很慢，很贵，而且在恶劣的天气下，也不可靠。”承接上文，符合语境，故选E。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Between1888and1920thereweretwomajoreffortstobuildatraintunneltoconnecttheareas.

”在1888年和1920年间，为建造连接这些地区的火车隧道，作出了两项重大努力；以及空后“Proposalstobuildaconnectingbridgemadeduringthe1910salsoendedinfailureduetooppositionfromtheUSNavy.”关于在二十世纪一十年代建造连接桥梁的建议

也因美国海军的反对而以失败告终。可知B.Bothwerequicklyabandonedhoweverduetothehighcostsinvolved.

“然而，由于所涉费用高昂，这两者很快都被放弃了。”承接上下文，符合语境，故选B。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Thedesignselectedhadtwoseparateroadwaysstackedontopofeachother.

”选定的设计有两条独立的道路相互叠叠在一起。可知F.Bothwouldhangintheairfromthicksteelcables,supportedbytwogiantsteeltowers.“它们都将悬挂在由两座巨大的钢塔支撑的厚厚的钢缆上。”承接上文，符合语境，故选F。

（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ButinthecaseoftheNarrows,figuringoutagoodsolutiontookhundredsofyears.”但在theNarrows的情况，找出一个好的解决方案花了几百年的时间。可知A.Sometimesgettingfromoneplacetoanotheriseasy.“有时候从一个地方到另一个地方很容易。”符合语境，故选A。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）6.【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）A；（12）B；（13）A；（14）D；（15）C；（16）D；（17）C；（18）A；（19）C；（20）B；【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了在父亲的帮助和教导下，找到了的梦想中的设计工作。

（1）考查形容词。A.concerned“关心的”；B.wealthy“富有的”；C.generous“大方的”；D.caring“关心的”。父亲不是富有的，但维持着适当的生活水平，故选B。

（2）考查名词。A.education“教育”；B.time“时间”；C.power“力量”；D.effort“努力”。

多亏了父亲的努力，我能去上艺术学院。故选D。

（3）考查形容词。A.different“不同的”；B.simple“简单的，简朴的”；C.strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；D.safe

“安全的”。然而我想去做一些不同的事情，故选A。

（4）考查动词。A.entertain“娱乐”；B.protect“保护”；C.support“支持”；D.identify“辨认”。我只带了足够的钱能支撑一个月。故选C。

（5）考查形容词。A.disappointed“失望的”；B.worried“担忧的”；C.helpless“无助的”；D.alone“独自的”。我没有感到担心，我相信我很快就能找到工作。故选B。

（6）考查动词。A.rejected“拒绝”；B.annoyed“使恼火”；C.restricted“限制”；D.invited“邀请”。根据下文“oneofthedesignofficesthathadturnedmeaway”可知，我被镇上所有的设计公司拒绝了，故选A。

（7）考查名词。A.host“主人”；B.room“房间”；C.contract“合同”；D.rent“租赁”。我租的旅馆几乎快到期了。故选D。

（8）考查动词。A.waited“等待”；B.trembled“颤抖”；C.regretted“后悔”；D.sweated“流汗”。我穿着我的薄夹克在颤抖着。故选B。

（9）考查动词短语。A.showoff“炫耀”；B.settledown“定居”；C.giveup“放弃”；D.setout“出发”。就在我要放弃的时候，父亲打电话给我。故选C。

（10）考查名词。A.library“图书馆”；B.gallery“画廊”；C：factory“工厂”；D：restaurant“饭店”。根据下文的“Ienteredanexpensive−lookingcafe”可知，他建议我去餐厅先找份工作，故选D。

（11）考查动词。A.hesitate“犹豫”；B.agree“同意”；C.continue“继续”；D.reply“回复”。最开始自尊让我犹豫。故选A。

（12）考查形容词。A.relived“如释重负的”；B.ashamed“羞愧的”；C.secure“安全的”；D.lonely“孤独的”。但是我不想羞愧地回到家。故选B。

（13）考查动词。A.hiring“雇用”；B.working“工作”；C.serving“服务”；D：checking

“核实”。根据下文的“offeredmeajobrightaway”可知，我问经理是否有在雇用人，故选A。

（14）考查形容词。A.reasonable“合理的”；B.popular“受欢迎的”；C.overstaffed“超编的”；D.shorthanded“缺人手的”。根据下文的“offeredmeajobrightaway”可知，他们缺人手。故选D。

（15）考查副词。A.hopefully“有希望地”；B.undoubtedly“无疑地”；C.surprisingly“令人惊奇地”；D.obviously“显然”。令人惊奇地，我发现我真的喜欢为别人服务。故选C。

（16）考查名词。A.designs“设计”；B.contacts“联系”；C.meals“餐”；D.tips“小费”。我开始挣了很多小费。故选D。

（17）考查名词。A.hobby“兴趣”；B.company“公司”；C.background“学历”；D.task“任务”。经理知道我有设计方面的学历。故选C。

（18）考查名词。A.waiter“服务员，侍者”；B：designer“设计师”；C：director“导演，主任”；D：manager

“经理”。根据上下文可知，之前我从没想过我会成为一名服务员，故选A。

（19）考查副词。A.simply“仅仅”；B.nearly“几乎”；C.eventually“最终”；D.temporarily“暂时地”。我最终获得了我梦想中的设计工作。故选C。

（20）考查名词。A.preparations“准备”；B.assumptions“假设”；C.changes“改变”；

D.suggestions“建议”。但是那个冬天