2018年长沙市中考英语试题原卷版

#/14Elephantsarethelargestlandanimalsalivetoday.Africanelephantsliveinfamilygroupscalledherds（群）.Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother.Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant.Sheisthematriarch（族长）.Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmanyas100elephants.Theotherelephantsfollowthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.Elephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephants,andalsolearnfromlife.Babyelephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiltheyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsold.Elephantslivetobe50or60yearsold.Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories.Inthedryseason,amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast.Theherdwillfollowherthere.Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast—movingriver.Elephantstalktoeachotherwithrumblingsounds.Somerumblingsoundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem.Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears,butalsowiththeirfeet,andeventrunks（longnosesoftheelephants）.Theyalsogreeteachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet.Ifdangerappears,mothersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabiestothem.Otheranimalsdon'tusuallyattack（攻击）elephants.However,alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy.Ifthishappens,theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants.Theadultsmakeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks.Thematriarchputsherselfbetweenthelionandtheherd.Shebeatsherearsouttomakeherselflookevenlarger.Thenshelowersherherdandattackstheenemy（敌人）inabigcloudofdust（灰尘）.AccordingtoParagraph（段落）One,anelephantherd.hasafatherelephantastheleaderownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdangeralwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofelephantsLongmemorieshelpelephantsto.A.choosetheirmatriarch B.communicatewitheachotherC.findwaterandcrosstheriverWhatdoestheunderlinedword"rumbling"mean？A.低沉的 B.尖细的 C.高亢的Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies？A.Tokeeptheirbabiessafe. B.Towelcometheirfriends. C.Toattacktheirenemies.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout.

whytheelephantsliveinherdswhattheelephants’livinghabitsarehowtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共4小题,计8分）Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally,whileabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged.Infact,thereisalotthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Herearesometips（贴士）foryou.56Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedin,andalwaysforgettheonesthatboreus.Thisexplainsthereasonwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultseasilybutstruggle（挣扎）withdatesfromtheirhistorylessons!Developanactiveinterestinwhatyouwanttoremember.Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions—themore,thebetter!Repeatthingsinchunks（块）.Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime,forexample,rememberingaphonenumberforafewseconds.57Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919318483.Butlookatthemin"groups"or"chunks"repeatedly,anditbecomesmucheasier:1492178919318483.Inventastory.Torememberlonglists,tryinventingastorywhichincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Inexperiments,peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway.Whentheyweretestedlater,theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem. 58Takephysicalexercise.Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory,becauseitincreasesyourheartrateQN率）andsendsmoreoxygen（氧气）toyourbrain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.59Asweknow,toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory.Takeaninterest.Exercisealsolowersstress.C.Thetestresultwasreallyamazing!C.Thetestresultwasreallyamazing!Anotherwaytoimprovememoryistogetenoughrest.Groupingnumbersmayhelpyoutorememberthem.第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题（共5小题,计10分）InHebei,thereisasmallvillagecalledYeli.Throughthevillage,youcanseegreentreesalongtheriverbank.However,youcanhardlyimaginethat,about16yearsago,thisareawascoveredwithrocksandweeds（杂草）.Thebigchangeisallbecauseofyearsofhardworkbytwobestfriends:JiaHaixia,whoisblind,andJiaWenqi,whohasnoarms.Thetwofriendsdecidedtoplanttreestomakealivingbackin2002.Althoughbotharedisabled,theylearnedtoworktogetherbybecomingeachother’seyesandhands.Withlittlemoneytobuyyoungtrees,theyhadtocollectandplantcuttings（插枝，插条）.Everymorning,theywenttotheriverbanktogether.JiaWenqiwalkedinthefrontandJiaHaixiafollowedhimbyholdingoneofhisfriendsemptysleeves（衣袖）.Aftertheyarrivedattheriverbank,JiaHaixiawouldclimbonhisfriend’sshoulderstogetcuttingsandJiaWenqiwouldtellhimwhichcuttingswerethebest.Afterthat,theydugholesonthegroundandwateredthecuttingstogether.Theyplanted800treesinthefirstyear,butonlytwosurvived（存活）.Theydidn'tgiveup.Instead,theycontinuedtoplantmoreinthenextfewyears.Theriverbankisnowhometoovertenthousandtrees.Today,thetwofriendsnolongerneedtomakealivingbyplantingtrees,buttheyhavenoplanstostop.Theyaimtoplantasmanytreesaspossibleintheareasoastoprotectthevillagefromflooding（洪水）andtoimprovethelocalenvironment.Wheredidthestorytakeplace？Couldpeopleseemanygreentreesthere16yearsago？Howdidthesetwodisabledmenworktogether？（Nomorethan12words）Howmanytreesaretherealongtheriverbanknowadays？What’sthepurposeoftheirplantingtreesnow？W.写作技能（三部分,共11小题,共32分）第三节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文,将划线部分译成英文_或中文。（共5小题，计10分）Peoplehavebeentryingtofindoutifhomeworkisgoodorbadforschoolchildren,andtheyhavedifferentopinions.Somepeoplethinkthathomeworkisanimportantpartoflearningforstudents.Theybelieveitnotonlyenableschildrentopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinclass,butalsohelpsimprovetheirhandwriting.Theyalsosaythathomeworkhelpsteachchildrenhowtoworkontheirown.Also,it'saskillwhichisusefultotheminfuturelife.Othersdisagree,though.他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力.Andthetimespentonhomeworkcouldhavebeenusedtodootheractivitieslikereadingandplayingsports.Tobackuptheiropinion,theygivetheexampleofFinland（芬兰）.在芬兰，学生几乎没什么作业.Butthecountryremainsoneofthemosteducationallysuccessfulcountriesintheworld.Hereismypointofview（观点）onthismatter.Whetherthehomeworkisgoodorbaddependsonthepurposeofit.Ifthereisnoclearreasonforgivinghomework,thestudentswon'tgetanythingfromdoingit,soitshouldnotbeset.However,Istillbelievethathomeworkcanreallyhelpwithchildren’slearning,ifteachersclearlytellthemwhytheyshoulddothehomeworkandletthemknowhowtheyhavedoneintheirhomework. 第二节情景交际通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容（共5小题，计10分）Hey,Emily,how'sitgoing？70.Youknowwhat？I'vemadesomeprogressinEnglish,andIgotan"A"inthelastexam.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zWow,goodforyou!Youreffortsfinallypaidoff.71 ?Well,Ijustlistenedtotheteachercarefullyinclass.Besides,readingEnglishnewspapersandnovelshelpedmealot.Nowondergrammarisjustapieceofcakeforyounow.Anyhow,Istillhavealongwaytogo.Bytheway.Icalledyouatnineo’clocklastnight,butyoudidn’tanswer.72 ?Oh,terriblysorry.IwaswatchingthemovieAmazingChina.73 ?Yes,Ihave.AmazingChinareallyshowsushowamazingChinais!AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofourcountry.A:Icantagreemore.I’dliketowatchmoremovieslikethatafterthebigexaminJune.ButnowIhavetogoalloutfortheexam.B:Youareright.Studycomesfirst.Goodluck,myfriend.A: 74.Thesametoyou!第三节书面表达(计12分)75.假如你是李华,于4月13日星期五这一天参加了学校组织的郊游活动.请你以schooltrip为主题,写一则英文日记,内容包括参加活动的人员、集合时间、郊游地点、交通方式、活动内容以及个人感受等.要求:(1)80词左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)；(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；(3)日记中不得出现真实的人名和校名.Friday,April13thItwassunnytoday.Wewentonaschooltrip.20IX年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语参考答案及评分标准-L♦考瞽*I.-L♦考瞽*I.钎力捏能5CDlifA另一ElCAUUD11—15ACBACaCACABH-班识运用捕一节喑的空Jt-25ItKAA 26—^0tH/匚0第二节词事情空JL—33GBACA 3HoCBCCAlie.»*ftM4145AC,\CH1*二甲忸宜■!!林WCACBC $i55HCAAB知.初AFCH鼻三中附鼻表培MLIn*Yeh.Hd^k白L・Nq±2*Thtylinefeeddngelh*T'h\'hdc^mir^each<tlicr'l£ andhandn..3,O^crm\diouwdTl*prilled4h<wiJlu手tnmIlibMlin^DidIdloipnu^v1bcluc^J-jnviiorunLQl.IV,将挂枇■鼻一节谱胃・译葡.一味人认为烹姥『克髭学士学力的一个更省学力■.胀而H.虫&神朴觊OT1k也M苦看出的性松.fi7They1懂nkhfiir^u-arlpubmuchiLre-uunchildrm.In.FiNqml.-ctudfflish汕父ImkkwiFvmQrk能.呆SI作业卸犯小职校干口口的.什卡才上F牛年山盛地孔?不■上叶母IB4+7^3

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