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MSDN

开发员最好的和必备的资源站在微软技术最前沿！为开发者创建的网络提供一年12期的光盘资料分三个级别开发库—最新的开发文档，示例代码专业版—开发库+全部微软操作系统+SDK+DDK宇宙版—专业版+其他所有微软产品目的:为开发人员提供最先进的技术资料，产品，并提供相互帮助的机会

IntroductionTo

ActiveServerPages.NET

张炜

Evangelist

MicrosoftCorporation

weizha@OverviewIntroducingASP.NETCreatingWebFormsWebFormsDataBindingUserControlsUsingWebServicesASPToday(thePros)TheleadingwebappdevelopmentplatformNearly1milliondevelopersusingASPtodaySimpleandapproachablemodelforwebdeveloperstogetstartedNocompilersrequired–“justhitsave”EasytouselanguagesandobjectmodelWellestablisheddevelopersupportbaseGoodbook/consulting/conferencesupportASPToday(theCons)WeaktoolsPoorlayout,debuggers,profilersConfusingsecurityarchitectureDoesn’tworkwellforInternetappsPoordeploymentCOMcomponentsanightmareMetabaseconfigurationoptionsconfusingScalabilitychallengesNowebfarmorcachinginfrastructureIntroducingASP.NETYourexistingASPskillsstillapply,buttherearelotsmorefeaturestoleveragePlatformforcreatingscalableWebapplicationsandservicesImproveddeveloperproductivityModular,factoredarchitectureEasiertodeployEnhancedreliability&availabilityImprovedperformance&scalabilityASP.NETFeaturesMultipleLanguageSupportIncreasedPerformanceCompiledcodeCacheClassesandNamespacesServerControlsWebServicesASP.NETFeatures(continued)ImprovedSecurityGreaterScalabilityCookie-lessSessionsEasyConfigurationandDeploymentASP.NETWebPageDemoPartDeclarative,PartCodeDeclarative"tags"HTML,servercontrolstags,statictextUnlikeASP,goodseparationprovidedbetweencodeandtags<tags>Form1.aspxcode<tags>Form1.aspxcodeForm1.vbsinglefileseparatefiles("code-behind")DynamicallyCompiledASPXFileRequestASPXEngineParseGen’d

Page

Class

GenerateResponseRequestInstantiateResponseCode-

behind

class

PageClassInstantiate,Process&RenderCompile24001200160080040028002000PCMagazineNileApplicationTestPagesServedperSecond8-CPUCompaqProLiant8500ApplicationServer8-CPUCompaqProLiant8500DatabaseServerWebSphere

3.5JSP

RHLinux7.0

Oracle8i3707896038CPU4CPU2CPUMicrosoft

ASP

(VBScript)

SQLSvr2000330748637Microsoft

ASP.NET

(C#)

SQLSvr2000198911542781ASP.NETPagescaninclude…CodeBlocksStaticTextControlTagsHTMLTagsDirectivesDataBinding

ExpressionsRenderblocks<%=…%>Servercomments<%----%>ClientscriptCreatingWebFormsWhatAreWebForms?WhatAreServerControls?TypesofServerControlsHowDoServerControlsWork?ControleventprocessingDemoWhatAreWebForms?.aspxextension@PageDirectiveFrameworkIsanObjectModelDenotedbytherunat="server"AttributeContainClient-sideandServer-sideCodeContainHTMLandServerControls<Formrunat="server"></Form><%@PageLanguage=“c#"%>WhyWebForms?Newcontrol-based,event-drivenexecutionmodelforWebUI"VBfortheWeb"CleanlyencapsulatedfunctionalityMuchlesscoderequiredthanASPExecutedviaCLRasnativecodeVB,C#,JscriptFasterexecutionthanASPWebFormsuse".ASPX"extensionRunsside-by-sidewithASPapplicationsWhatAreServerControls?Server-programmableObjectsDenotedbyTagwiththerunat="server"AttributeEncapsulateBothBehaviorandRenderingFullyDeclarativeRenderDifferentHTMLtoSupportMultipleBrowsersorotherWebClientsTypesofServerControlsHTMLControlsExistwithintheSystem.Web.UI.HtmlControlsnamespaceWebControlsExistwithinthe

System.Web.UI.WebControlsnamespace<inputtype="text"id="txtName"runat="server"><spanid="spnStarter"runat="server">starter</span><asp:TextBoxid="txtName"runat="server"Text="[EntryKeywords]"/>HtmlControl

DemoWhatAreWebControls?WebControlsIntrinsiccontrols

asp:list,asp:button,asp:checkbox,asp:tableInputValidationcontrols

asp:RangeValidator,asp:RegularExpressionValidatorRichcontrols

asp:calendar,asp:adrotatorList-boundcontrols

asp:datagrid,asp:repeater,asp:datalistHowDoServerControlsWork?Declaredwithrunat="server"AttributeWhentheASP.NETPageisExecuted:CreatesactionandmethodattributesofformAddsuniqueidandnameattributestocontrolsAddsvalueattributetocontrolsAddsahiddencontroltotheformtosaveviewstateinformation<inputtype="text"id="text2"runat="server"><html><scriptlanguage=“C#“runat=server>voidSubmitBtn_Click(Objectsender,EventArgsE){ Message.Text=“Hi“+Name.Text;}</script><body><formrunat=server><h3>Name:<asp:textboxid=“Name“runat=server/> <asp:buttontype=submittext=“LookUp“ OnClick=“SubmitBtn_Click“runat=server/><p> <asp:labelid=“Message“runat=server/></form></body></html>OtherMicrosoftControlsMobileControlsRendersWebUItoMobiledevicesincludingWAPphones,MsftMobileExplorerphones,CEdevices,etc.Download:/downloads/default.asp?URL=/code/sample.asp?url=/msdn-files/027/001/516/msdncompositedoc.xmlInternetExplorerControlsTakeadvantageofIE5.5DHTMLBehaviorsforricherclientexperienceTabStrip,TreeViewandToolbarMoreinfo:/downloads/samples/Internet/ASP_DOT_NET_ServerControls/WebControls/sample.aspInternetExplorerControlDemoControleventprocessingEventsare:TriggeredontheclientHandledinservercodeRequiresapostbacktothesamepageViewStatehelpsrestorecontroltoit’spreviousstateImplementedasahiddenformfieldDisablevia:EnableViewState=falseTip:DataBindingresetscontrolstateHandlingControlEventsWireupthehandleronthetag:

<asp:buttonid=btn1onclick="btn1_Click" runat=server>Or,incode(VS.NETdoesthisautomatically)btn1.Click+=newEventHandler(btn1_click);Eventhandlercode:

publicvoidbtn1_Click(senderObject,eEventArgs){ Message.Text="Button1clicked" }Page/ControlEventExecutionPage_LoadPage_UnloadTextbox1_ChangedButton1_ClickControlEvents1.ChangeEvents2.ActionEventsPageisloaded,controlhierarchyinitializedPageisdisposedControlhierarchyisrenderedPage_LoadDetailsPage_LoadfiresoneveryrequestUsePage.IsPostBacktoexecuteconditionallogicExample:PublicvoidPage_Load(senderObject,eEventArgs)If(!Page.IsPostBack)

{‘executesonlyoninitialpageloadMessage.Text="initialvalue“}ThePageControlTreeThePageclasscreatesahierarchicaltreeofcontrolsPageistherootofthetreeStatictextisrepresentedbytheLiteralControlclassinthehierarchyThepageisrenderedbycallingRender()oneachcontrolinthetreeSowhat?ProgrammaticallyaddcontrolsPredictseventandrenderingorderExample

ASP.NETsource<%@Pagelanguage="C#"%><html><body>

<formrunat=server>Enter:

<asp:TextBoxrunat=server>YourName

</asp:TextBox></form></body></html>Example(cont’d)

Resultingcontroltree__PAGE System.Web.UI.Pagectrl0System.Web.UI.LiteralControlctrl1System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlFormctrl3System.Web.UI.LiteralControlctrl4System.Web.UI.WebControls.TextBoxctrl5System.Web.UI.LiteralControlctrl2System.Web.UI.LiteralControlManipulatingtheControlTreeInsertcontrolsintotheControlscollectionofit’sparentCookupaninstanceofacontrol

Buttonbtn1=newButton()

btn1.Text="ClickMe"

Insertintothecontrolhierarchy:

myPanel.Controls.Add(btn1)WebFormsDataBindingWebFormsDataBindingProvidesasimple,declarativewaytobindWebUIelementstodataSupportsbindingtoanydatasourceDataSets,DataTables,DataReadersCollections(Arrays,Hashtable,etc.)XMLBut…OnewaysnapshotmodelRequirescodetoupdatethedatasourceDataBindingSyntaxFirststep:declarethebindingsDeclaratively(inHTML):

<%#custID%>Imperatively(incode):

DropDownList1.DataSource=myArrayList;

Secondstep:CallDataBind

SubPage_Load(sAsObject,eAsEventArgs)

DropDownList1.DataBind()

EndSub

SupportedDataSourcesADO.NETConnected:DataReaderADO.NETDisconnected:DataSet,DataTable,DataViewAlsootherIEnumerabletypes:Arraylist,ArrayHastableResultofamethodDataBindinginTemplatesTemplatesenable“Lookless”UICustomizestructure–notjuststyleControlscanbeusedwithintemplatesNotlimitedtolistsordatabindingControlsmayexposeanynumberofthemDataBinder.Evalhelperforlate-bindingEveninC#!

<%#DataBinder.Eval(Container.DataItem,"Price","{0:c}")%>ContainerContainer:aliasfortheitemcreatedfromthetemplate+data.Item

thecontainingcontrol.DataItemthisrowofdata.ItemIndex

indexinItemscollectionExamples:<%#Container.ItemIndex%><%#Container.DataItem("Name")%><%#Container.DataItem("Price")%>DataBinding

DemoUserControlsUserControlsServercontrols,authoredlikepagesEnablesfullencapsulationSupportsnestedcontrolsSeparatecodenamespaceSeparatecodelanguageGreatwaytopartitionworkGreatwaytoreuseworkacrossmultiplepagesandapplicationsExposingAnObjectModelUsercontrolsexposeanobjectmodelProperties,Fields,Events,MethodsExample:<scriptlanguage=“c#"runat="server">publicstringColor="blue"</script><fontcolor=<%=Color%>> Thisisasimplemessageusercontrol</font><%@Register%>DirectiveRegistersUserControlforuseonaWebFormspage:

<%@Register

TagPrefix="Acme"

TagName="Message"

Src="mycontrol1.ascx"

%>

<Acme:MessageText="Hello"runat="server"/>WhatisaWebService?MostcommonmetaphorforaccessinginformationisthroughawebbrowserWebbrowserisnotenough…AwebserviceisprogrammableapplicationlogicaccessibleviastandardWebprotocolsProgrammable…Availabletoavarietyofclients(platformindependent)Standardpro

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