名校版高考英语阅读理解专项训练含答案

名校版高考英语阅读理解专项训练含答案(2022·山东聊城模拟)FacialrecognitiontechnologywasusedtopermitpassengerstogetonflightsatHartsfield-JacksonAtlantaInternationalairportlastweek，makingitthefirstinthenationtousethesystem.Thetechnologycanbeusedbyinternationalpassengerstravelingthroughaspecialterminal，whichisoperatedbyDeltaAirlines.Deltasaiditisthefirstfullybiometric(生物特征识别)airportterminaltooperateintheU．S.Thegoalofthesystemistosimplifyandspeeduptheprocessofpresentingdocumentstogetonaflight.Passengerscanbeginusingthefacialrecognitionsystemwhentheyfirstarriveattheairport.Afterthefirstcheck-in，passengerscanalsousefacerecognitiontopassthroughsecurityandtogetontheplane.Thesystempreventstheneedfortravelerstopresenttheirpassportuptofourtimesduringtheusualcheckinprocess.Travelerslookintoacamerathatscanstheirface.ThisimageisthencomparedagainstacollectionofpictureskeptbytheCBP(U.S.CustomsandBorderProtection)．Theagencycollectsfacescansfrompassportsandvisas.Thesystem，however，hasraisedconcernsaboutprivacy.JeramieScott，alawyerwiththeElectronicPrivacyInformationCenter，hascalledtheuseoffacialrecognitionatU．S.airportsa“massivethreat”．Hesaidthatthegovernmenthascreated“adigitalIDofmillionsofAmericans”throughfacialrecognition，andthegovernment’sfacialrecognitiondatabaseofcitizenscouldbeusedforotherpurposeswithoutanindividual’spermission.“Thegovernmentnowhasthepowertoidentifyyouwheneveritwants.Andtheydidthiswithoutapublicdiscussionorconsenttakingphotoscollectedforonepurposeandusingitforanother，”hesaid.TheCBPtoldCBSNewsthatanyU．S.citizenwhohasprivacyconcernscanchoosenottotakepartinthefacialrecognitionsystem.ThiswouldpreventtheairlinefromcollectingafacescantocomparewithCBPrecords.ItspolicyistoremovephotosofU．S.citizensfromitssystemoncetheiridentitieshavebeenconfirmed.DeltasaysabouttwopercentofpassengersusingtheAtlantaairportterminalhavechosennottousethefacialrecognitionsystem.Nextyear，theairlineplanstoexpanditsbiometricsystemforinternationaltravelersatDetroitMetropolitanAirportinMichigan.9．WhyisthefacialrecognitiontechnologyusedinAtlantaInternationalAirport?A．Toscanthetravelers’faces.B．Toraiseconcernsaboutprivacy.C．Tomakemorepeopleboardtheplanes.D．Tomaketheboardingmoreconvenient.10．What’sJeramieScott’sattitudetowardfacialrecognitiontechnology?A．Critical.B．Uncaring.C．Doubtful.D．Favorable.11．Whatcanwelearnaboutthefacialrecognitionsystem?A．Thesystemmaybepromoted.B．Passengers’photoswillbestored.C．Mostpassengersrejectthesystem.D．Thesystemscanspassportsandvisas.12．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthetext?A．Inanewsreport.B．Inatravelhandbook.C．Inasciencebook.D．Inanentertainmentmagazine.DCAA(2022潍坊高三期中卷)Thoughresearchershavelongknownthatadultsbuildunconscious(无意识的)

preferences

overalifetimeofmakingchoicesbetweenthingsthatare

essentially

thesame,thenewfinding

thatevenbabiesengageinthisphenomenon

demonstrates

thatthiswayofjustifyingchoiceis

intuitive

(凭直觉的)andsomehow

fundamental

tothehumanexperience.“Theactofmakingachoicechangeshowwefeelaboutouroptions,”saidAlexSilver,aJohnsHopkinsresearcher.“Even

infants

whoarereallyjustatthestartofmakingchoicesforthemselveshavethispreference.”Thefindingsarepublishedtodayinthe

journal

PsychologicalScience.People

assumetheychoosethingsthattheylike.Butresearchsuggeststhat’ssometimesbackwards:welikethingsbecausewechoosethem.And,wedislikethingsthatwedon’tchoose.“Adultsmaketheseinferences

unconsciously,”saidco-authorLisaFeigenson,aJohnsHopkinsscientistinchilddevelopment.“We

justify

ourchoiceafterthefact.”Thismakessenseforadultsinaconsumerculture

who

mustmake

random

choiceseveryday,betweeneverythingfromtoothpastebrandstostylesofjeans.Thequestionwaswhenexactlypeoplestartdoingthis.Sotheyturnedtobabies,

who

don’tgetmanychoicesso,asFeigensonputsit,are“aperfectwindowintotheoriginofthis

tendency.”Theteambrought10-to20-month-oldbabiesintothelabandgavethemachoiceofobjectstoplaywith;two

equally

brightandcolorfulsoftblocks.Theysetthemfarapart,sothebabieshadtocrawltooneortheother—arandomchoice.Afterthebabychoseoneofthetoys,theresearcherstookitawayandcamebackwithanewoption.Thebabiescouldthenpickfromthetoytheydidn’tplaywiththefirsttime,orabrandnewtoy.Theirchoicesshowedthey“dis-prefertheunchosenobject.”Tocontinue

studyingthe

evolution

ofchoiceinbabies,thelabwillnextlookattheideaof“choice

overload.”Foradults,choiceisgood,buttoomanychoicescanbeaproblem,sothelabwilltrytodetermineifthatisalsotrueforbabies.12.Whatispeople’sassumptionabouttheactofmakingchoices?A.Theylikewhattheychoose.B.Theychoosewhattheylike.C.Theybasechoicesonthefact.D.Theymakechoicesthoughtfully.13.Whywerebabiesselectedassubjectsforthestudy?A.Tohelpthemmakebetterchoices.B.Toguidethemtoperceivetheworld.C.Totracktherootofmakingrandomchoices.D.Todeepentheunderstandingofaconsumerculture.14.Whatdoesthestudyonthebabiesshow?A.Theylikenovelobjects.B.Theirchoicesaremostlybasedoncolors.C.Theirr