数控技术应用专业英语LS2-3课件

LearningSituation2CNCMachiningCenterTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter数控技术应用专业英语Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenterPartATechnicalReadingPartBPracticeactivityPartCBroadenyourhorizon数控技术应用专业英语1.ManualProgramming2.AutomaticProgrammingPartATechnicalReading

1Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram（1）G94/G95（cuttingfeed）

G94specifiestheamountoffeedofthetoolperminute

G95specifiestheamountoffeedofthetoolperspindlerevolution.

G94后面的F值指定每分钟的刀具进给量G95后面的F值指定主轴每转的刀具进给量Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter（2）M98，M99（subprogram）Ifaprogramcontainsafixedsequenceorfrequentlyrepeatedpattern，thissequenceorpatterncanbestoredasasubprograminmemorytosimplifytheprogram.如果程序包含固定的顺序或多次重复的模式程序，则这样的顺序或模式程序可以编成子程序储存在存储器中以简化编程。Thesubprogramcanbecalledfromthemainprogram，andthecalledsubprogramcanalsocallanothersubprogram.子程序可以由主程序调用，被调用的子程序也可以调用另一个子程序。

1.ManualProgramTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram（a）M98（subprogramcall）Theformatofprogramcodeis:

M98P□□□□○○○○;Inthat，□□□□isrefertonumberoftimesthesubprogramiscalledrepeatedly.○○○○isreferringtosubprogramnumber.其中，□□□□是指子程序被重复调用的次数，○○○○是指子程序号。Whennorepetitiondataisspecified，thesubprogramiscalledjustonce.Asinglecallprogramodecanrepeatedlycallasubprogramupto9999times.当重复次数未被指定时，子程序仅被调用一次。单个子程序调用指令能重复调用一个子程序最高达9999次。M98（子程序调用）Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenterWhenthemainprogramcallsasubprogram，itisregardedasaone-levelsubprogramcall.Thus，subprogramcallscanbenesteduptofourlevels.当主程序调用子程序时，它被认为是一级子程序调用，子程序调用最高可达四层嵌套。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram（b）M99（subprogramend）M99（子程序结束）WhenM99codeisexecutedinasubprogram，thesubprogramisterminatedandcon-trolreturnstotheblockafterthecallingblockortheblockwiththesequencenumberspecifiedbyP.在子程序中执行M99指令时，子程序就结束了，并且控制器将返回到调用程序段之后的程序段或返回到由地址P指定的程序段。Theformatofprogramcodeis:M99（P○○○○）;.Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram（3）Toolcompensationcodes刀具补偿代码Toollengthcompensationfunction刀具长度补偿功能Usually，severaltoolsareusedformachiningoneworkpiece，especiallyinmachiningcenter.通常加工一个零件要用多把刀具，尤其是使用加工中心加工零件时。Thetoolshavedifferenttoollength.Itisverytroublesometochangetheprograminaccordancewiththetools.刀具有不同的长度，根据使用的刀具去更换程序是相当麻烦的。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramTherefore，thelengthofeachtoolusedshouldbemeasuredinadvance.因此，应预先测量使用的每把刀具的长度。BysettingthedifferencebetweenthelengthofthestandardtoolandthelengthofeachtoolintheCNC，machiningcanbeperformedwithoutalteringtheprogramevenwhenthetoolischanged.Thisfunctioniscalledtoollengthcompensation.在CNC中设定标准刀具的长度和每把刀具的长度之间的差，即使刀具改变了，也不需要更换程序便可实现加工。该功能称为刀具长度补偿。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramToolradiuscompensationfunction刀具半径补偿功能G41isusedtoinstateacutterleftcondition（climbmilling）.G42isusedtoinstateacutterrightcondition（conventionalmilling）.G40isusedtocancelcutterradiuscompensation.

G41用来设置刀具半径左补偿（顺铣），G42用来设置刀具半径右补偿（逆铣），G40用来取消刀具半径补偿。此外。Additionally，manycontrolsuseaDwordtospecifytheoffsetnumber.多种控制器使用字符D来指定偏移量Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramThereisasimplestwaytodeterminewhethertouseG41orG42intheprogrammingofmachiningcenter.在加工中心上编程时，有一个最简单的方法判定是调用G41还是G42。Ifthecutterisontheleftsideofthesurfacebeingmachined，useG41.Ifright，useG42.如果刀具在被加工表面的左侧则调用G41，如果在右侧则调用G42。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram（4）DrillingCycleG81（drilling）Thiscycleisusedfornormaldrilling.Cuttingfeedisperformedtothebottomofthehole.Thetoolisthenretractedfromthebottomoftheholeinrapidtraverse.该循环用于正常钻孔，切削进给执行到孔底，然后刀具从孔底快速移动退回。Whenthetoolreachesthebottomofahole，thetoolmaybereturnedtopointRortotheinitiallevel.TheseoperationsarespecifiedwithG99andG98.当刀具到达孔底后，刀具可以返回到R点平面或初始位置平面，由G99和G98指定。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramG99isusedforthefirstdrillingoperationandG98isusedforthelastdrillingoperation.G99用于第一次钻孔而G98用于最后的钻孔。TheinitialleveldoesnotchangeevenwhendrillingisperformedintheG99mode.即使在G99方式中执行钻孔，初始位置平面也不变。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramTheformatofcommand:G81G98（G99）X

Y

Z

R

F

K

X，Y—holepositiondata;Z—thedistancefrompointRtothebottomofthehole;Z—thedistancefrompointRtothebottomofthehole;R—thedistancefromtheinitialleveltopointRlevel;F—cuttingfeedrate;K—numberofrepeats.Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramG80（cannedcyclecancel）

G80（取消固定循环）AllcannedcyclesarecanceledbyG80commandandperformnormaloperation.

G80指令取消所有的固定循环并执行正常的操作。PointRandpointZarecleared.

R点和Z点也被取消。ThismeansthatR=0andZ=0inincrementalmode.Otherdrillingdataisalsocanceled（cleared）.

这意味着，在增量方式中R=0和Z=0。其他钻孔数据也被取消（清除）。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram（5）G68/G69（coordinaterotation）whenthereisapatterncomprisingsomeidenticalshapesinthepositionsrotatedfromashape，thetimerequiredforprogrammingandthelengthoftheprogramcanbereducedbypreparingasubprogramoftheshapeandcallingitbycoordinatingrotationcommand.如果工件形状由许多相同的图形组成，则可将图形单元编成子程序，然后用坐标旋转指令调用，这样既可以省时又可以使程序长度缩短。Theformatofthecommand:G68:coordinaterotationG69:coordinaterotationcancelTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramTheformatofthecommand:G68:coordinaterotationG69:coordinaterotationcancelTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram（6）ApplicationofCNCprogramTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgramTask3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram

Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter1.ManualProgram2.AutomaticProgramming

MastercamXisthemostwidelyusedsoftwareforCNCautomaticprogramming.Themainfunctionsare:（1）Createthegeometrymodeling;（1）创建几何模型;（2）Createthetoolpath;（2）创建刀具路径;（3）Verifythecuttingprocess;（3）验证切削过程;（4）CreatetheGcodes.（4）生成G代码。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter（1）Createthegeometrymodeling;1）ByusingthegraphicaldesigninterfaceisprovidedbyMastercamX.2）BymakingthedesigninCADsoftware，e.g.UG，Pro/Engineer，SolidworksthensavingitinaformatthatMastercamXcanimport.（2）Creatingthetoolpath1）Selectthemachinetype2）Lookforanexistingtoolthatyoumaywanttouse3）Createthetoolpath

Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter2.AutomaticProgramming（3）VerifythecuttingprocessBeforeapartismachined，theCAMmodelneedstobeverifiedthatthepartprogramiscorrect.Thepurposesofverificationare:在一个零件加工之前，需要验证CAM模型的零件程序是否正确。验证的目的是:（1）Todetectgeometricerrorofthecutterpath;（1）检测刀具切削路径的几何错误;（2）Todetectpotentialtoolinterference;（2）检测刀具的潜在干涉;（3）Todetecterroneouscuttingconditions.（3）检测错误的切削条件。Task3ManualProgrammingandAutomaticProgrammingforCNCMachiningCenter2.AutomaticProgramming

（4）CreatetheGCodesTheconversionofthemachiningdatatotheGcodesspecificforaparticularCNCmachineiscalledpost-processing.将加工的数据转换成某一机床所需的G代码格式称为后处理TheformatoftheGcodeisstoredindifferentpost-processingfilesandthesystemwillusewhicheverpost-processingformatyouselect.

G代码被存储成不同