高一下必修四Unit3LearningaboutLanguage

NounVerb

AdjectiveAdverb

fortunecontentmentperform

fortunatefortunatelycontentedcontentcontentedlyperformer/performanceperformingDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Fillinthechart.NounVerb

AdjectiveAdverb

humourastonish-mentborecharmentertain-menthumourhumoroushumorouslyastonishastonishingastonishinglyborebored,boringboringlycharmcharmingcharminglyentertainentertainingentertaininglyInthe1990s,Mr.BeanbecameastarusingmimetohighlightdifficultsocialsituationsmuchasCharlieChaplinhaddone.Hismethodofactingwastoappear_________,lookaroundandthendoexactlythewrongthing.Childrenparticularlywouldburstinto________athisbehavior.Healwaysmanagedto_______thosethingsthatpeopleareafraidofdoing

uncertainlaughterpick

outAnswerstoExercise2.becausetheydonotwanttoappearasocial_______.Ononeoccasioninarestaurantheorderedasteaktartare.Whentheuncookedmeatarrivedhewas_________byshamebecausehecouldnoteatit.He________apieceofmeatandpretendedto______amouthfulbutinsteadputitintotheplantpotbesidehim.Heputotherpiecesintohispocket.failureovercomecut

offchew___________themealheseemedtoshowgreat___________inhisfood.Hewassuchan___________performerthatwhenhefinishedeatinghisdinner,thewaiterofferedhimthesamedishagainatnoextra_______!Throughoutenjoymentoutstandingchargeoccasionn.(事情发生的)时刻;时候;场合

Weshouldkeepquietonsuchanoccasion.在这种场合我们应该保持安静。Onanotheroccasion,helandedinadesertedcarpark.还有一次,他在一个废弃的停车场着陆。onoccasion有时;偶尔onthis/thatoccasion此时(那时)ononeoccasion有一次;曾经ontheoccasionof在……的时候;值此之际ExplanationExercise3onPage20Sampledialogue:IS1:I’llbebetteroffifIcancomebacktomychildhoodbecauseIfindmylittlesisterhasabetterlifethanme.S2:Butyou’llbe

worse

offifyoursisterfeelsenvyatyou.

IIS1:Iwillbe

better

offifIhaveachancetostudyabroadbecauseIcanpickupEnglish.S2:Butyouwillfinditis

worse

offwhenlivingabroad,withoutaparentoraclosefriendtocareforyou.Readthesentencesfromthetextandpayattentiontotheunderlinedparts.YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosing…2.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter,thelittletramp,became…3.Theactingissoconvincingthatitmakesyoubelievethatitisoneofthe…4.hissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertaining.objectcomplementattributepredicativesubjectThe–ingformasthePredictive,AttributiveandObjectComplementGrammar-ing形式作主语1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.

对他说话等于对牛弹琴。2.Smokingmaycausecancer.

吸烟会致癌。3.Walkingismysoleexercise.

散步是我唯一的运动。4.Talkingmendsnoholes.

(谚)空谈无济于事。Review-ing形式作宾语5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.我建议完毕会议。6.Headmittedtakingthemoney.他成认钱是他拿的。7.Icouldn’thelplaughing.我禁不住笑了起来。8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.你的大衣需要刷一下。1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面,既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能,也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料-ing形式作定语drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台

tiringmusic=musicthatistiring烦人的音乐

asurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprising

一个惊人的结果2.–ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。Theman

standingthere

isPeter’sfather.=Theman

whoisstandingthere

isPeter’sfather.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.=Anybodywhoisswimminginthisriver

willbefined.在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,这时,它与句子其他局部用逗号分开。如：Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累,在微风中轻轻摇曳。1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进展的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。-ing形式作宾语补足语Wefoundthecateatingamouse.我们发现那只猫正在吃老鼠。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。Thebosskepttheworkersworking

thewholenight.那老板让工人整夜地工作。2.当主句转换为被动构造时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如：Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.这个结果很令人满意。Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.=Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。Wemustn’tkeepthemwaiting.=Theymustn’tbekeptwaiting.千万不能让他们等。3.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:表示感觉和心理状态的动词,常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypatting

meontheshoulder.Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingat

himcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididn’tnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意义的动词,常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：Iwon’thaveyoudoing

that.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohave

keptyouwaiting.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.Youwon’tcatchmedoingthatagain.你看吧,我决不会做那种事了。

4.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式.和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：①前者表示动作正在进展,而后者表示(或强调)动作从开场到完毕的全过程。如:Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室,看见教师在做实验。(只在走过教室的刹那间,看见教师正在做实验)Wesatforanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时,看教师做实验。(一个小时之内一直在看教师作实验)②如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词,动词不定式短语表示一次动作,而-ing形式那么表示反复动作。e.g.Weheardthedoorslam.Weheardthedoorslamming.(反复动作)(一次动作)-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后,用来泛指某种动作或行为,以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：Herhobbyispainting.她的业余爱好是画画。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。Hisconcernforhismotherismost

touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。-ing形式作表语The___boywaslastseen___nearthebankofthelake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay解析:missing是形容词,作boy的定语,意思是“失踪的〞。waslastseenplaying表示被看见时正在玩。A例题解析2.Mr.Smith,___ofthe___speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring解析:此题考察现在分词与过去分词的区别。tired,moved,interestedexcited等过去分词表达的是人的本身感受;tiring,moving,interesting,exciting等现在分词表达的是某一物或事情给予人的感受。A3.Whenwewatchedthenationalflag___intheOlympicGamesonTV,weraisedacheer.A.riseB.beingrisenC.raisedD.beingraised解析:此题考察分词作补语,rise是不及物动词,先排除A、B两项,国旗是被人们升起的,应该用分词的被动形式,句意为:当看到电视中奥林匹克运动会上国旗正在被升起时,我们欢呼起来。D4.Wesatthere,____withwhatwelistenedto.A.satisfyingB.tosatisfyC.contentedD.content解析:此题考察动词用法。satisfied表示“感到满意的〞,把A、B两项排除;content既是形容词,又是动词,becontentedwith“对……满足〞。D5.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas______fromtheoutsideworld.A.cutoutB.cutoffC.cutupD.cutthrough解析：B。cutout的意思是“切下；删除〞，cutoff意思是“切断；使(人、城镇)孤立〞，cutup的意思是“切碎〞，cutthrough的意思是“穿越〞。6.—Whydidyougobacktotheshop?

—Ileftmyson_______there.

A.waitB.towait

C.waitingD.waits解析：C。此题考察分词作补语，leave在这意思是“让…处于…状态〞。ExercisesShewasofferedthe______(lead)roleinthenewfilm.2.Seeingthesun______(rise)abovethesurfaceofthesea,allofusbegantotakephotos.3.Asthestonewastooheavytomove,Ileftit_____(lie)ontheground.4.—Haven’tyouseenthesign,_______(read)“NOPHOTOS〞?

—I’mreallysorryIdidn’t.5.Thecommentswhichhemade___________(concern)marketingbotheredhisbossgreatly.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofeachgivenword.leadingrisinglyingreadingconcerning

1.Ican’timagineBilly_______amotorbike.2.Didyouhearthesomeonedownstairs________atthedoor?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.He

canbevery________.4.Youcan’tstopme______whatIwant.Completethesentenceswithawordfromthebox.astonish,depress,play,do,ride,amuse,knockridingknockingamusingdoing5.Youmayfindit__________thathemade

progressinsuchashorttime.6.Mostpeopleconsiderit_________thatit

keepsrainingforawholeweek.7.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticeda

groupofchildren_______musical

instrumentsacrossthestreet.astonishingdepressingplaying

Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_____inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked2.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutBC单项选择3.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed4.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_______butthedoor_______.A.beingon;shut B.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shuttingCC5.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed6.TellMarythatthere’ssomeone____forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait7.The_______waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome.〞A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmileBAA8.Theresultofthetestwasrather______.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint9.People____inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living10.Thelibrary’sstudyroomisfullofstudents____fortheexam.