AP化学-物质的结构资料课件

Exercise1.1RelativemassAl2O3K2Cr2O7

H2SO4HNO3HFCO32-CuSO4NH4+Fe3O4P2O51.2MoleandtheAvogadroconstant[Fe=56;H=1;L=6×1023mol-1;Vm=22.4dm3/mol

]1.Howmanymolesofatomsarecontainedin5.6gofiron?2.Howmanyironatomsaretherein0.1moleiron?3.Howmanymolesof12×1023moleculesofH2?4.Howmanymoleculesaretherein2molesH2?5.Calculatethevolume

of0.2moleofgasats.t.p.6.Calculatethemolesof13.44dm3ofgasats.t.p.Calculatethevolumeandmassof24×1023moleculesofNH3ats.t.p.In36gwater,

[H=1;O=16;L=6×1023mol-1](1)howmanymolesofmoleculesarepresent?(2)howmanymolesofhydrogenatomsarepresent?(3)howmanymolesof

oxygenatomsarepresent?(4)howmanymolesofatomsarepresent?EthanolhasmolecularformulaC2H5OH.Asampleofethanolhasamassof2.3g.(1)Howmanymoles

ofmoleculesarepresent?(2)Howmany

moleculesarepresent?(3)Howmanymoles

ofhydrogenatomsarepresent?(4)Howmanyhydrogenatomsarepresent?Thesamplewascompletelyburntinoxygen.(5)Writedownabalancedequationforthecombustion.(6)Howmanymoles

ofwatermoleculeswereproducedinthecombustion?(7)Whatmassofthecarbondioxidewasproduced?(8)Howmanyoxygenmoleculeswereusedup?1.3and1.4Massspectraofatomsandmolecules

1.5and1.6EmpiricalandMolecularFormulae(a)UsethevalueoftheAvogadroconstanttocalculatethetotalnumberofatomsin7.10gofchlorineatoms.(b)Calculatetheamountinmolesofnitricacid,HNO3,in25cm3ofa0.1moldm-3aqueoussolution.(c)Calculatetheconcentrationinmoldm-3ofsodiumhydroxide,NaOH,if250cm3ofasolutioncontains2.0gofNaOH.(d)Whatistheconcentrationinmoldm-3ofanaqueoussolutioncontaining4.00gdm-3ofsodiumhydroxide,NaOH?(e)Calculatethevolume,indm3,occupiedby26.4gofcarbondioxideatroomtemperatureandpressure.Giventhatatroomtemperatureandpressure,1moleofanygasoccupiesavolumeof24dm3.Chapter1ReviewMultipleChoiceQuestions:Whichofthesesampleshasthelargestmass?A.2.24dm3ofethane,C2H6.B.3.6×1022moleculesofO2.C.672cm3ofcarbondioxideCO2.D.0.05moleofhydrogenfluoride,HF.FreeResponseQuestions

1.Anorganiccompoundhasthefollowingpercentagecompositionbymass:40％ofcarbon,53.33％ofoxygenand6.67％ofhydrogen.Therelativemolecularmassofthecompoundis180.Findtheempiricalformulaandthemolecularformulaofthecompound.

2.20cm3

ofgaseoushydrocarbonwasmixedwith100cm3ofoxygenandthemixturesparkedsothatthehydrocarbonwascompletelyburnt.Thevolumeofgasremainingattheendofcombustionwas70cm3.Afterpassingoversodalime,thisvolumewasreducedto10cm3.Allgasesweremeasuredatroomtemperatureandatthesamepressure.Deducedtheformulaofthehydrocarbonandfindtherelativemolecularmassofthehydrocarbon.Test1.Howmanyatomsarepresentin8.8gofcarbondioxide,CO2?2.Calcul