英语新外研选修七讲义MODULE1SECTIONⅣOTHERPARTSOFTHEMODULE

SectionⅣOtherPartsoftheModule[原文呈现][读文清障]DizzyHeightsofSchoolBasketballBasketballisoneofthesafestsports.Unlikewrestling①orboxing②，it'snotusuallydangerous.Onereasonforthisis③thattheplayers'energyispartlydirectedupwards④，ata90­degreeangle⑤totheground,andovertheheadsoftheothers.Sothere'slessriskofacollision⑥betweentwoplayers.Inothersports,suchasbaseballandAmericanfootball,theplayers'energymovesparallel⑦tothegroundandtowardstheiropponents,sotheywearhelmetswhichgiveadequate⑧protectiontotheirheads⑨.Butalthoughbasketballplayerswearsocks⑩andsneakers⑪whicharespeciallydesignedto⑫absorb⑬energywhentheybound⑭intotheair,theywearnootherprotection,justavest⑮andshorts.Ifthereisanabrupt⑯changeofdirectionintheirenergy,fromvertical⑰tohorizontal⑱，suchaswhentheyaccelerate⑲acrossthecourt,bouncing⑳theball,thereisarealdangerofpersonalinjury.①wrestling/'reslIŋ/n.摔跤(运动)②boxing/'bɒksIŋ/n.拳击(运动)③thattheplayers'energy...是表语从句。④upwards/'ʌpwədz/adv.向上地⑤angle/'æŋɡl/n.角，角度⑥collision/kə'lIʒn/n.碰撞⑦parallel/'pærəlel/adj.平行的，并行的⑧adequate/'ædIkwət/adj.适当的，足够的，充分的⑨whichgiveadequate...是定语从句，修饰helmets。⑩sock/sɒk/n.短袜⑪sneaker/'sniːkə/n.胶底运动鞋⑫bedesignedtodo被设计做⑬absorb/əb'zɔːb/v.消减，缓冲⑭bound/baʊnd/v.跳动⑮vest/vest/n.内衣背心；汗衫⑯abrupt/ə'brʌpt/adj.突出的，出其不意的⑰verticaladj.垂直的⑱horizontal/ˌhɒrI'zɒntl/adj.水平的，与地平线平行的⑲accelerate/ək'seləˌreIt/v.加快，加速⑳bounce/baʊns/v.&n．(使球等)反弹，(使)弹回学校篮球令人眩晕的高度[第1～3段译文]篮球是最平安的体育运动之一。不像摔跤和拳击，通常它是没有危急的。缘由之一是球员的力气局部是向上的，与地面形成90度的角，而且在其他人头部的上方。所以两个球员之间碰撞的风险是比拟小的。在其他的运动中，比方棒球和美式足球，球员力气的运行方向与地面是平行的，并且朝着他们的对手，所以他们戴着给他们头部充分爱护的头盔。但是尽管篮球运发动穿着特地设计的用于缓冲跳动时能量的短袜和胶底运动鞋，但他们没有其他的爱护，只有一件背心和一条短裤。假如他们身体能量的方向有一个突然的转变，从垂直到水平，比方当他们运球加速穿过球场时，造成人身损害的危急性会很大。Forexample,intheKentStateHighSchoolBasketballtournamenteq\o(○,\s\up1(21))，ChandlerHighwasplayingStMaryCentralandattheintervaleq\o(○,\s\up1(22))thescorewas50－StMaryhadappointedeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))acaptainwhowasnotatypicaleq\o(○,\s\up1(24))basketballplayer.Whereaseveryoneelsewastallandslimeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))withshorthaircuts,JoeJohannsenwasshortandstouteq\o(○,\s\up1(26))，withlonghairandalargebellyeq\o(○,\s\up1(27)).Buthewasreallyfast,andwhenheobtainedeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))controloftheball,hecouldmakeacircuiteq\o(○,\s\up1(29))ofthecourtandreachtheopposingteam'sboundaryeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))withinseconds.Anyhoweq\o(○,\s\up1(31))，twelveminutesintothesecondhalfeq\o(○,\s\up1(32))，FrankSackler,theChandlerstarplayer,madeacontroversialeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))passeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))overJoe'shead.Joesteppedasideeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))anddippedeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))hisheaddown.Sacklerbouncedoffhimandmittedeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))afouleq\o(○,\s\up1(38)).Therefereeinterruptedeq\o(○,\s\up1(39))thematch,andtherewasasuspensioneq\o(○,\s\up1(40))ofplay.ButJoewasunhurt,shotthepenaltyeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))，andthescorewas88－90.Therewerethreeminutestogoeq\o(○,\s\up1(42)).eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))tournament/'tʊənəmənt/n.锦标赛，联赛；竞赛eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))interval/'Intəvl/n.(球赛的)中场休息eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))appoint/ə'pɔInt/v.任命，委派eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))typical/'tIpIkl/adj.典型的，具有代表性的，独特的eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))slim/slIm/adj.苗条的，修长的eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))stout/staʊt/adj.(躯体)胖的，粗大的eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))belly/'beli/n.肚子，腹部eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))obtain/əb'teIn/v.获得，得到eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))circuit/'sɜːkIt/n.环形eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))boundary/'baʊndri/n.界限，范围eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))anyhowadv.(用于转换话题)无论如何，反正eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))thesecondhalf下半场eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))controversial/ˌkɒntrə'vɜːʃl/adj.有争议的eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))makea...pass此处指“运球通过〞。eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))aside/ə'saId/adv.靠一边，站到一边eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))dip/dIp/v.下降eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))mit/kə'mIt/v.犯(错误，罪行)eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))foul/faʊl/n.(运动竞赛中的)犯规动作eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))interruptvt.打断，中止eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))suspension/sə'spenʃn/n.暂停，中止eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))penalty/'penlti/n.(体育竞赛中对犯规的)处分eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))Therebe...to……[第4～5段译文]例如，在肯特州立高中篮球联赛中，查得勒高中和圣·玛丽中心学校竞赛，中场休息时比分是50∶52。但是圣·玛丽中心学校任命了一位非典型的篮球运发动担当队长。其他每个人又高又瘦，留着短发，但乔·约翰逊又矮又胖，留着长头发，还是大肚子。可是他的确速度很快，当他得到球的掌握权时，他能围着球场跑一圈，且在数秒内到达对方的边界。然而，在下半场进行到12分钟时，弗兰克·赛克勒，查得勒的明星球员，越过乔的头做了一个有争议的运球。乔闪到一边，低下了头。赛克勒跳起来绕过他，犯了规。裁判中断了竞赛，球赛暂停。但是乔并没有受伤，他罚了球，比分是88∶90，竞赛还剩下3分钟。Joeimmediatelytookpossessionofeq\o(○,\s\up1(43))theballandran,...andsuddenly80kiloseq\o(○,\s\up1(44))hittheChandlerstar,eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))whohowledeq\o(○,\s\up1(46))loudlyinpaineq\o(○,\s\up1(47))andfell，eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))withhisnosebleedingeq\o(○,\s\up1(49))andacutonhisleftcheekeq\o(○,\s\up1(50)).Foramoment,helayverystilleq\o(○,\s\up1(51))，andtherefereeevencheckedhispulseeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))，butsoonconfirmedeq\o(○,\s\up1(53))hewaswhenSacklerstooduphewasdizzyeq\o(○,\s\up1(54))，sotheyputabandageeq\o(○,\s\up1(55))roundeq\o(○,\s\up1(56))hishead,ablanketeq\o(○,\s\up1(57))roundhisshoulders,andcalledanambulanceeq\o(○,\s\up1(58))totakehimtothehospital.Joewasaconsiderateeq\o(○,\s\up1(59))guy,andapologisedeq\o(○,\s\up1(60))asSacklerleft,sniffingeq\o(○,\s\up1(61))andweepingeq\o(○,\s\up1(62))，eitherinpainorinfrustrationeq\o(○,\s\up1(63)).Chandlerscoredwitheq\o(○,\s\up1(64))thepenalty,andtheirteamworkeq\o(○,\s\up1(65))hadwonthematch.ButFrankSacklerstillhasthescareq\o(○,\s\up1(66))onhisfaceasasouvenirofthetournament.eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))takepossessionof占有，占据，拥有eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))80kilos此处指Joe的体重。eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰theChandlerstar。eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))howl/'haʊl/v.(因哀痛、苦痛、生气而)不停地嚎哭；咆哮eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))inpain苦痛地eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))withhisnose...是伴随状语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))bleed/bliːd/v.(尤指因受伤而)流血，出血eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))cheek/tʃiːk/n.脸颊，脸蛋eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))stilladv.静止不动地eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))pulse/pʌls/n.脉搏eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))confirm/kən'fɜːm/v.(尤指通过供应更多证据)证明，进一步确定eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))dizzy/'dIzi/adj.头晕目眩的，眩晕的eq\o(○,\s\up1(55))bandage/'bændIdʒ/n.绷带eq\o(○,\s\up1(56))put...round用……缠住eq\o(○,\s\up1(57))blanket/'blæŋkIt/n.毯子，毛毡eq\o(○,\s\up1(58))ambulance/'æmbjʊləns/n.抢救车eq\o(○,\s\up1(59))considerate/kən'sIdrət/adj.体谅的，考虑周到的eq\o(○,\s\up1(60))apologise/ə'pɒləˌdʒaIz/v.抱歉，谢罪eq\o(○,\s\up1(61))sniff/snIf/v.(短促有声地)以鼻吸气eq\o(○,\s\up1(62))weep/wIːp/v.哭泣，流泪eq\o(○,\s\up1(63))frustration/frʌ'streIʃn/n.挫折，绝望，失意eq\o(○,\s\up1(64))scorewith因……而得分eq\o(○,\s\up1(65))teamwork/'tiːmˌwɜːk/n.合作，协作，协作eq\o(○,\s\up1(66))scar/skaː/n.(伤)疤[第6～7段译文]乔马上抓住球跑起来，……突然他80千克的体重撞到了查得勒的明星球员，这位球员疼得大叫起来，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流着血，左脸颊上有道伤口。有一段时间，他躺在地上一动不动，裁判甚至检查了他的脉搏，不过很快确定他没事。但是当赛克勒站起来时他感到头晕目眩，所以他们用绷带缠住他的头，用毯子裹住他的双肩，然后叫了辆抢救车把他送往医院。乔是一个很爱护的小伙子，在赛克勒离开时他不停地抱歉，同时抽泣着，或许由于苦痛，或许由于失意。查得勒由于罚球而得分，他们靠合作赢得了这场竞赛。但是弗兰克·赛克勒脸上仍留着疤痕，作为这次联赛的纪念。Step1Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.(PassageonP9)1．WhatdoestheheadcoachoftheteamthinkofYaoMing?答案：Heisaselflessandkindperson.2．IfYaoMingwantstobeastar,whatdoeshehavetodo?答案：Hehastobemoreaggressiveandtoberudetohisteammatesifnecessary.3．IsthereanythingYaoMingisnotveryusedto？Whatisit?答案：isnotusedtobeingimpoliteandselfish.Step2Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothepassage.(PassageonP11)1．Basketballisoneofthesafestsportsbecause.A．thedirectionoftheplayers'energymeansthereislesschanceofacollisionB．theplayersarewell­protectedC．theplayersmakeabruptchangesofdirectionD．theplayersaccelerateacrossthecourt,bouncingtheball2．Accordingtothewriter,atypicalbasketballplayerwouldbe.A．abletoaccelerateandbouncetheballatthesametimeB．fastandweighingabout80kilosC．tallandslimD．shortandstout3．Thefoulwascausedby.A．therefereeinterruptingthematchB．SacklerpassingtheballoverJoe'sheadC．JoeloweringhisheadD．SacklerfallingoverJoe4．TherefereethoughtSacklerwasseriouslyinjuredbecause.A．JoeranintohimB．Sackler'snosewasbleedingandhelayverystillC．SacklerwasdizzywhenhestoodupD．theyputabandageroundhishead,ablanketroundhisshoulders,andcalledanambulance答案：1～4ACBBStep3True(T)orFalse(F)．(PassageonP13)1．RugbyiscalledfootballinAmericanow.T2．Therewere20peopleplayingfootballineachteam800yearsago.F3．Ateacher,Naismithcreatedamovement,whichlaterbecamethepopularbasketballgame.T4．WilliamWebbElliswrotetherulesforbaseball.F5．Theexactoriginofbasketballisunknown.F一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.根底词汇1.instantadj.马上的2.hitn.热门人物3.nationwideadj.全国各地的4.adequateadj.适当的，足够的，充分的5.acceleratev.加快，加速6.typicaladj.典型的，具有代表性的；独特的7.slimadj.苗条的，修长的8.obtainv.获得，得到9.controversialadj.有争议的10.asideadv.靠一边，站到一边11.bleedv.(尤指因受伤而)流血，出血12.cheekn.脸颊，脸蛋13mitv.犯(错误，罪行)14.weepv.哭泣，流泪15.teamworkn.合作，协作，协作16.basisn.根底；依据Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.popularityn．流行；普及→popularadj.流行的；普及的2.relyv．信任；信任→reliableadj.可信任的；牢靠的3.selfishadj.自私的；自私自利的→selfishnessn．自私→selflessadj.无私的4.naturen．性格；本性；天性→naturaladj.自然的；本性的；本质的5.appointv．任命；委派→appointmentn．任命6.confirmv．(尤指通过供应更多证据)证明；进一步确定→confirmationn．证明；证明7.considerateadj.体谅的，考虑周到的→considerv．考虑；认为→considerationn．考虑；斟酌8.apologisev．抱歉；谢罪→apologyn．抱歉9.frustrationn．挫折，绝望，失意→frustratev．使受挫，使绝望1.acceleratev．加快，加速[同义]①quickenv．(使)变快，(使)加快②hurryv.匆忙，督促，抓紧③rushv.冲，奔，仓促行事④speedv.加速，急行adj.典型的，具有代表性的；独特的[词块]①atypicalcharacter典型人物②betypicalof是……的特点v．获得，得到[联想]①acquirevt.获得，学到，取得②attainv.实现，获得，到达③earnv.赚的，赢得，获得④gainv.获得，到达，增加adj.有争议的[词块]①becontroversialabout对……有争议②acontroversialissue引起争辩的问题n．脸颊，脸蛋[联想]checkv.检查，核对n．合作，协作，协作[联想]teammaten.队友n．根底；依据[同义]①basen.底部，基地，根底②foundationn.根基，根底，建立[联想]①crisisn.危机②thesisn.论文[比拟]①base所指的“根底〞是详细的②basis所指的“根底〞是抽象的v．信任；信任[联想]dependvi.依靠，依靠，取决于二、这样记短语记坚固定短语多积常用词块than多于on依靠；依靠thetime始终up抚养；培育；教育rudeto对……粗鲁usedto习惯于(某事物)sb.'sattentionto引起某人留意(某事物)possessionof占有，占据，拥有...to...把……固定/粘/系在……上basedon依据，以……为根底thisway用这种方法necessary假如有必要的话hisnature他的本性instanthit马上走红theteamfirst把团队放在第一位first起初a90­degreeangle成90度的角theinterval在中场休息时werethreeminutestogo还剩下三分钟frustration失意地三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用dothis,hetoldYaotobemoreaggressiveand,ifnecessary,toberudetohisteammates.要想做到这一点，他告知姚明要更富有攻击性，假如必要的话，对他的队友粗鲁一些。ifnecessary“假如必要的话〞，为省略结构，补充完整应为ifitwasnecessary。Ifnecessary,Icangoshoppingwithyou.假如有必要的话，我可以跟你一起去购物。2.Onereasonforthisisthattheplayers'energyispartlydirectedupwards...缘由之一是球员的力气局部是向上的……onereasonfor...isthat...“……的缘由之一是……〞。Onereasonforhissuccessisthatheworkedhard.他胜利的缘由之一是他勤奋工作。3....andsuddenly80kiloshittheChandlerstar,whohowledloudlyinpainandfell,withhisnosebleedingandacutonhisleftcheek.……突然他80千克的体重撞到了查得勒的明星球员，这位球员疼得大叫起来，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流着血，左脸颊上有道伤口。“with＋宾语＋宾补〞的复合结构，宾语是hisnose和acut,宾补是现在分词bleeding和介词短语onhisleftcheek。Withtimegoingby,herealizedwhatwasthemostimportantinhislife.随着时间的消逝，他才意识到他生命中最重要的东西是什么。1．(教材P8)TheChicagoBullsusedtorelytoomuchonMichaelJordan.芝加哥公牛队过去太依靠迈克尔·乔丹了。relyon信任；依靠；依靠relyon/upon＋sb./sth.(＋for...) 希望某人/某物(以猎取……)relyon/upon＋(one's)doingsth. 信任/希望某人做某事relyon/upon＋sb.＋todosth. 信任/希望某人做某事relyon/upon＋itthat... 信任……①Theyhavetorelyontheriverfortheirwater.他们只好依靠这条河用水。②Youcanrelyonhimtorespond(respond)toachallenge.你可以信任他知道如何迎接挑战。③Youmayrelyonitthattheworkwillbefinishedaheadoftime.你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。2．(教材P9)WhenhefirstarrivedintheUS,Yaowasaninstanthitamongbasketballfansnationwide.当他第一次到时，姚明马上成了全国篮球迷中的热门人物。instantadj.马上的；紧急的；(食品)速食的，便利的n.[常sing.]瞬间，刹那foraninstant 一会儿，一时instantly/theinstant 一……就……①Thefloodvictimswereininstantneedofhelp.洪灾难民急需救助。②Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍举着手站了一会儿。③Theinstanthegottothestation,thetrainleft.他一到车站，火车就离开了。3．(教材P9)I'mnotquiteusedtoityet.我还很不习惯。be/beeusedto习惯于(某事物)①Iwasn'tusedtocitylife,butnowIhavegotusedtolivinginthiscity.我以前不习惯都市生活，但现在已习惯于住在这个城市了。②Ihavebeeusedtogetting(get)upearlyinthemorning.我已习惯早起。[名师点津]beusedto短语中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，be可换为get/bee，相当于beaccustomedto。[辨析比拟]usedto,beusedto,beusedtodousedto意为“过去常常(现在已不再这样了)〞，usedtodosth.“过去常常做某事〞beusedto意为“习惯于〞，to是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，即beusedto(doing)(做)某事beusedtodo意为“被用来做……〞，是usedo的被动语态，其中不定式表示目的选用上述词语填空I③usedtoplayfootballontheplayground,butnowI④amusedtoreadinginthelibraryandtheknowledgeIgetcan⑤beusedtoequipmyself.4．(教材P9)Ilikethefactthatthearticledrawsattentionto...我宠爱这篇文章让人们留意……drawsb.'sattentionto...引起某人留意(某事物)give/payattentionto 留意……，倾听……attract/catchsb.'sattention 吸引某人的留意力callsb.'sattention 让某人留意……concentrate/fix/focusone'sattentionon 用心于bringsb.'sattention 使某人留意某事①Anarticleinthenewspaperdrewmyattention.报纸上的一篇文章引起了我的留意。②Herattentionwasfixedontheputeranddidn'tnoticemying.她的留意力集中在电脑上，没有留意到我来。③You'rejustlookingfortroubleifyoubringittohisattention.假如让他留意到这件事，你纯粹是自找麻烦。5．(教材P11)Butalthoughbasketballplayerswearsocksandsneakerswhicharespeciallydesignedtoabsorbenergywhentheyboundintotheair,theywearnootherprotection,justavestandshorts.但是尽管篮球运发动穿着特地设计的用于缓冲跳动时能量的短袜和胶底运动鞋，但他们没有其他的爱护，只有一件背心和一条短裤。absorbv．消减，缓冲；汲取(液体、气体或其他物质等)；吸引，使并入；理解，把握；汲取(食物、思想、文化等)(1)absorbone'sattention 吸引某人的留意力(2)absorbingadj. 特别吸引人的；引人入胜的(3)absorbedadj. 精神集中的beabsorbedin 用心致志于，全神贯注于beabsorbedinto... 被汲取(纳入)……①Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物从空气中汲取二氧化碳，从泥土中汲取水分。②Thefactthatthelargerfirmabsorbedthesmalleroneabsorbedhim.(absorb)那家大公司吞并了那家小公司的事情吸引了他的留意。③KevinwasabsorbedinthecartoonMickey&Donald.凯文全神贯注于卡通片?米老鼠和唐老鸭?。[联想发散]beabsorbedin意为“全神贯注于〞，类似的短语还有：①belostin 深思②bedevotedto 献身于③beburiedin 埋头于6．(教材P11)ButStMaryhadappointedacaptainwhowasnotatypicalbasketballplayer.但是圣·玛丽中心学校任命了一位非典型的篮球运发动担当队长。appointv．任命，委派；商定(时间、地点等)(1)appointbe/as... 任命/委任某人为……appointdosth. 指定某人做某事(2)appointmentn. 商定；约会have/makeanappointment 约会keep/breakone'sappointment 守/违约①isacarefulandexperiencedengineer,soheisoftenappointedtofinishsomechallengingtasks.布莱克先生是一位既细心又有阅历的工程师，所以他常常被委任去完成一些具有挑战性的任务。②You'retobeappointedasSalesManager!Congratulations!你将被任命为销售部经理，庆贺你！③Pleasemakeanappointmentwithmysecretary.请跟我秘书预约。7．(教材P11)Sacklerbouncedoffhimandmittedafoul.赛克勒跳起来绕过他，犯了规。mitv．犯(错误，罪行)；承诺(1)mitanerror 犯错误mitacrime 犯罪mitsuicide 自杀eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(mitoneself/sb.todoingsth.,mitoneself/sb.todosth.)) eq\a\vs4\al(某人承诺,做某事)(2)mitmentn. 承诺makeamitmentto(do)sth. 承诺(做)某事①Heaccusedthemanofhavingmittingacrime.他指控那个人有罪。②Bothsidesmittedthemselvestosettling(settle)thedisputepeacefully.双方承诺和平解决争端。③Wemadeamitmenttokeep(keep)workingtogether.我们承诺一起连续工作。8．(教材P11)Joeimmediatelytookpossessionoftheballandran,...乔马上抓住球跑起来……takepossessionof占有，占据，拥有inpossessionof 占有inthepossessionofsb. 为某人所拥有eintosb.'spossession＝eintothepossessionofsb.落入某人之手，为某人全部①Youcan'ttakepossessionofthehouseuntilallthepapershavebeensigned.全部文件都签好之后房子才归你全部。②Theiropponentswereinpossessionoftheballformostofthematch.他们的对手在竞赛的大局部时间里掌握着球。③Therarediamondisnowinthepossessionofawealthyman.那颗稀有的钻石现在为一位富翁全部。④Onherfather'sdeath,avastfortunecameintoherpossession.她在父亲死后继承了巨额财产。[名师点津]inpossessionof与inthepossessionof仅差一个定冠词the，但意义却相反。用法类似的还有：inchargeof负责；inthechargeof在……的负责下。9．(教材P11)Joewasaconsiderateguy,andapologisedasSacklerleft,sniffingandweeping,eitherinpainorinfrustration.乔是一个很爱护的小伙子，在赛克勒离开时他不停地抱歉，同时抽泣着，或许由于苦痛，或许由于失意。apologisev．抱歉，谢罪(1)apologisetosb. 向某人抱歉apologisefor(doing)sth. 为(做了)某事抱歉apologisetodoingsth. 为做了某事向某人抱歉(2)apologyn．[C] 抱歉，认错makeanapologytosb.forsth. 因某事向某人抱歉①Imustapologisefornotbeingabletomeetyou.我由于没能接你而向你抱歉。②Heapologisedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.他因未出席她的派对向她表示歉意。③Youmustmakeanapologytohimforyourfault.你必需为你的过失向他赔罪。10．(教材P13)Theexactoriginofbaseballisunknown,butitisprobablybasedonanoldEnglishgamecalledrounders.棒球的确切起源无人知晓，但它可能是以英国的一项被称为“圆场棒球〞的嬉戏为根底的。bebasedon依据，以……为根底(1)basev． 以……为基地basesth.on/uponsth. 以……为根底(2)basen. 基地；根底(3)basisn. 根底；依据onthebasisof 以……为依据①Judgmentshouldbebasedonfacts,notonhearsay.推断应当以事实为依据，而不应当依靠道听途说。②Edisonbasedhisideasonscientificexperiments.爱迪生把他的想法建立在科学试验的根底上。③Ourproductsarepricedonthebasisofreasonableprofit.我们的产品定价是以合理利润为根底的。Todothis,hetoldYaotobemoreaggressiveand,ifnecessary,toberudetohisteammates.要想做到这一点，他告知姚明要更富有攻击性，假如有必要的话，对他的队友粗鲁一些。(1)ifnecessary“假如必要的话〞，是一个省略句，补充完整应为ifitwasnecessary。(2)在条件状语从句中，当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有be动词时，可以把it和be动词一起省略，常构成“if＋形容词〞的结构。常见的有：ifnecessary 假如必要的话ifconvenient 假如便利的话ifpossible 假如可能的话ifany 假如有的话ifnot 假如不的话ifso 假如这样的话ifever 假如曾经有过的话①Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)假如你实行的这些措施有用就连续下去。假如不这样的话，看一看你能尝试的其他方法。②Beingkindtoothersshouldbeeveryone'sprincipleoflife.Ifso,ourworldwillbemorepeacefulandbeautiful.对人友善应当是每个人的生活准那么。假如这样的话，我们的世界将会更加和平和漂亮。③Ifpossible,I'mgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.假如有可能的话，我将去探望市里的几家敬老院。(3)其他状语从句省略的状况：当从句的主语和主句的主语全都时，假设从句的谓语动词是be动词或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。常见于以下几种形式：连词＋形容词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语等。④Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。⑤While(shewas)walking(walk)alongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。⑥Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosay(say)something.他站起来好似要说什么。[名师点津]状语从句省略歌诀省略句，真简单，符合两条就可以；从句谓语含有be，两句主语一样的；从句假设有itbe，照样省去不迟疑；选择­ed或­ing，主动被动看认真。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Wheninformed(inform)ofaseriousproblem,agoodmanagerwilltakecorrectivemeasuresratherthanignoreit.2．Shesawasmallriverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.3．Thesuccessofthisprojectrelieson/uponeveryonetomakeaneffort.4．Heshookmebythehandandweopenedaconversationinstantly(instant)．5．—Youwillgotowork?Whynottakemycar?—No,thanks.I'musedtowalking(walk)．6．Peopletodaymakechoicesoftheirdietsbased(base)onwhattheybelieve.7．PartofthereasonwhyCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,wasthatitwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.8．Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowing(follow)them.9．Yourrudenesstohimisterrible,forwhichyoushouldapologisetohim.10．Bothsidesmittedthemselves(they)topushingforwardthisvitallyimportantrelationshipbetweenourtwocountries.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Parentsshouldtellthechildtomakeanapology/apologizetoothers(向别人抱歉)whenhedoessomethingwrongtothem.2．Doyouknowwhomthehousewasinthepossessionof(被……拥有)tenyearsago?3．Shewavedtoattracttheattentionofthewaitress(吸引女侍者的留意)．4．IpromiseIcanfinishmyworktoday.Ifnot(假如不的话),youcanpunishme.5．Heisusedtodoing(习惯做)thatworklittlebylittle.6．Shewassoabsorbedinherjob(如此专注于工作)thatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedoor.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高[本课语言点针对练习]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Plantsabsorb(汲取)mineralsandothernutrientsfromthesoil.2．Youcanalsoobtain(得到)knowledgethroughpractice.3．Itistypical(典型的)ofmostnewtechnologiesthattheyoungergenerationisquicktoadoptthem.4．Theoldmanhadnobreathwhentheambulance(抢救车)reachedthehospital.5．Thoughweweep(哭泣)throughthenight,joywilleinthemorning.6．Unemploymenthasbeenanationwide(全国各地的)probleminthelastfewyears.7．Youngpeopleoftendrinkinstant(速溶的)coffeeintheoffice.8．Onecannotescapebeingpunishedifhemits(犯罪)crimes.9．200dollarsamonthisnotadequate(足够的)tosupportthewholefamily.10．Middleschoolstudentshadbetterreadtheversions(改编本)inChinese.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Heusedtogoingswimminginsummer.Nowheisusedtorunning.going→go2．Theguidedrewourattentiononthemagnificentcarveddesk.on→to3．Hemadeapologytomeforhurtingmyfeelings.made后加an4．Theprogressofthesocietyisbaseonharmony.base→based5．Youcannotlegallytakethepossessionofthepropertyuntilthreeweeksafterthecontractissigned.去掉第一个theⅢ.选词填空ifnecessary，makeamitment，haveanappointment，allthetime，berudeto1．IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.2．Itwouldberudetoremarkuponherappearance.3．Remembertokeepanotebookathandallthetime.4．Theywerereadytodie,ifnecessary,fortheircountry.5．Imadeamitmenttohimtopayoffallofthedebt.[本单元语言点温故练习]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It'shealthiertoreleasefrustration(frustrate)thantobottleitup.2．Youmightbeathoughtmoreconsiderate(consider)ofotherpeople.3．Amanisnotborninpossessionofknowledge.4．Imadeanapology(apologise)tohimformymisunderstandingofhiskindness.5．Asrainhasfallen,thegoodscannotbeshipped(ship)．6．Asweknow,readingbookswidelycanwiden(wide)yourknowledge.7．Iwasthefirsttoarrive(arrive)attheinnandgotthepickofrooms.8．Whendeeplyabsorbed(absorb)inwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.9．Hisforeignfriendhasbeeusedtoliving(live)inChina.10．Todoherjustice,wemustadmitthatshediddeservetowin(win)．Ⅱ.完成句子1．Theinstantthebusstopped(公共汽车一停下来),aboutfiftypeopletriedtocrushin.2．Atthebeginningofthestudytherunnersranforaboutfourhoursaweekonaverage(平均)．3．Thereisnodoubtthat(毫无疑问)ithasitsnegativeeffectsaswellaspositiveeffects.4．Imightbeawaynextweek.Ifso(假如这样的话)Iwon'tbeabletoseeyou.5．Hisstoryisbasedon(以……为根底)hisownexperiencewhenheservedinthearmyintheSecondWorldWar.6．ThePresidentismittedtoreforming(承诺要)healthcare.7．Childrenmustattendschool(上学)betweentheagesof5and16.8.Peoplevaryintaste(在爱好方面不同);somelovemusic,someenjoytakingpictures,andstillothersarefondofclimbingmountains.9．Ifwedon'tconcentrateourattentiononourwork(用心于我们的工作)we'llmakeamistake.10．Hewasappointedas(被任命为)theimageambassadorofthecharityactivity.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.阅读理解Thediscussiononrenewableenergyhasbeengoingonforatleastadecadeandpeoplehavereliedonfossilfuelsalmostentirelyformorethana,thesituationwhenfossilfuelswerethemostefficientandthecheapestsourceofenergyhasbeenleftfarinthecountriessuchasGermanyandSwedenhavealreadymadesignificanteffortstofixthissituation,employingnumerouspowerplantsworkingontherenewableresourcesofmosteffectiveamongtheseresourcesisgeothermal(地热的)energy.Geothermalenergydoesnotdependontheworld'seconomicandpoliticalsituationasstronglyasfossilfuels,extracting(提炼)fossilfuelsaddsuptothepriceofenergyproducedfrom,geothermalenergyismuchcheaperthantraditionalones,savingupto80%ofthecostsoverfossilfuels.Beingarenewableresource,geothermalenergyproduceslesswasteandpollutionthantraditionalenergygeothermalsystems,carbondioxidemakesupabout10%ofair,inordertoproducetheelectricitythatcanbeusedforonehour,thegeothermalsystemsproducepoundofcarbondioxideandotherharmfulaparison,apowerplantproducingelectricityfromgasproducesupto2poundsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,andthosepowerplantsthatworkoncoal(煤)produceanastonishingpoundsofgreenhousegases.Lowcostsmakeanotherreasonwhyusinggeothermalpowerplantsshouldbethefirstchoiceformanyheatsystemsrequire25%to50%lessenergyforworkparedwiththetraditionalsystemsforheatingor,geothermalequipmentislessbulky:duetotheverynatureofgeothermalenergy,geothermalpowerplantshaveonlyafewmovingparts,allofwhichcanbeeasilyshelteredinsidearelativelysmallbuilding.What'smore,thelifespanofgeothermalequipmentisratherthesemakegeothermalpowerstationseasytobuildandkeep.语篇解读：地热作为特别重要的可再生清洁能源，将会给人们带来巨大的好处。1．Fossilfuelsaremoreexpensivethangeothermalenergypartlybecause.A．fossilfuelsarenearlyusedupB．itisfreetousegeothermalenergyC．theproductionoffossilfuelscostsalotD．geothermalenergydoesn'tdependonpoliticalsituation解析：选C细节理解题。依据其次段其次句“Besides,extractin