河北省迁安市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题WORD版含解析

迁安市2020——2021学年度第一学期期末考试高二英语试卷卷Ⅰ（选择题共95分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchtimeisleftbeforethemeetingbegins?A.20minutes.B.30minutes.C.40minutes.2.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Keepakitty.B.Singasongforhim.C.Lookafterhissickpet.3.Whatistheman?A.Ahairdresser.B.Atailor.C.Asalesman.4.Whosebirthdayiscoming?A.Gerald's.B.Sarah's.C.Tony's.5.Whatdidthemanseeinthepainting?A.Someboats.B.Somemountains.C.Somehouses.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Drivethemandowntown.B.Lendhercartotheman.C.Checktheman'shouse.7.Whenisthemansupposedtoarriveatthemechanic's?A.At1:00pm.B.At2:00pm.C.At3:00pm.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapolicestation.B.Inamusicshop.C.Inaclothesshop.9.Whatdoesthemadamlooklike?A.Sheisshort.B.Shewearsbluejeans.C.Shehasredhair.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Whoshouldcleanthefloor.B.Wheredarkmarksarefrom.C.Whytheshoesgetdirty.11.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.12.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Detectiveandhomeowner.B.Cleanerandemployer.C.Husbandandwife.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whomademanymistakesinthemonthlyreport?A.Thewoman.B.Themanager.C.Themanager'ssupervisor.14.Howlonghasthewomanworkedinthecompany?A.Threeyears.B.Fouryears.C.Fiveyears.15.Whatisthewomanexpecting?A:Atransfer.B.Araise.C.Apromotion.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Leavethecompany.B.Speakupheropinions.C.Beartheunfairtreatment.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.What'sthespeaker'sattitudetowardsexams?A.Positive.B.Indifferent.C.Negative.18.Whatdoesthespeakerusuallydothenightbeforeexams?A.WatchTV.B.Studyallnight.C.Dosomethinginteresting,19.Whatproblemdoesthespeakerhaveduringexams?A.Hecouldn'tarrangetimeproperly.B.Heoftenskipsthefirstquestion.C.Heusuallyfallsasleep.20.Whydoesn'tthespeakerdiscussanswersrightafterexams?A.He'ssureofhisanswers.B.Hefindsthatverystressful.C.He'llcheckanswersathome.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APlacesofInterestinWalesConway:OnthenorthWalescoast,Conwayiswhereyou’llfindtheworld’ssmallesthouse,aswellasamuchlarger“house”，ConwayCastle,whichwasbuiltinthe13thcentury.Anglesey:ThisbeautifulislandisjoinedtotherestofnorthWalesbyaroadbridgeandarailwaybridge,andit’sjustashortdrivefromConway.HereyoucanvisitthevillageofLlanfairPwllgwyngyllwhichhasthestrangestnameinEurope.Don’tmissthestation.Thesignrunsthecompletelengthoftheplatform!AlsoonAngleseyisBeaumarisCastle,whichwasstartedinthe13thcenturyandtothisdayremainsunfinished.Sonwdonia:Justacoupleofhours’drivefromBeaumarisistheSnowdoniamountainrange,whichtakesitsnamefromthehighestmountaininWales,MountSnowdon.Fromthere,visitthefamousSwallowFallsatnearbyBetws­y­Coed.Portmeirion:In1925CloughWilliams­EllisboughtanattractivepieceofWelshlandforlessthan￡5,000.Hethensetouttoshowtheworldhowanaturallybeautifulcastlecouldbebuiltwithoutbeingdamagedandspentthenext50yearsbuildingthetownofPortmeirionwithastyleofItaly.Formoreinformation,orderourfull­colourbrochures:ThingstoSeeinWalesAmorecompletelookatthefullrangeoftouristattractionsinthisamazingpartoftheBritishIsles.Wales:Sea,SandandSunWaleshasmilesofbeautifulcoastlineswithlong,sandybeachesplus23islandsandmorehoursofsunshineeachyearthananywhereelseinBritain.Gettheinsidestoryhere.WalesfortheFearlessOver30ideasforadventureactivitiesandsports,bothtraditionalandextreme.Waleshasitall!Call(＋44)775445632toorderbrochures.1.WhatdoweknowaboutAnglesey?A.ItisfarfromConway.B.Itcanbereachedbytrain.CItliesinthesouthofWales.D.Ithasthesmallesthouseintheworld.2.WherecanvisitorsgoiftheywanttoseetheItalian­stylebuilding?A.Conway. B.Anglesey. C.Sonwdonia. D.Portmeirion.3.Whatcanvisitorsgetfromthebrochures?A.IntroductionoftheclimateinWales.B.CharacteristicsofbuildingsinWales.C.Informationaboutadventureactivities.D.DetailedinformationaboutpeopleinWales.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了威尔士颇有特色的旅游景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Anglesey:ThisbeautifulislandisjoinedtotherestofnorthWalesbyaroadbridgeandarailwaybridge,andit'sjustashortdrivefromConway.Anglesey:这座美丽的岛屿由一座公路桥和一座铁路桥连接到北威尔士的其他地方，从康威开车去也只有很短的距离。可知，乘火车可以抵达Anglesey，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的Hethensetouttoshowtheworldhowanaturallybeautifulcastlecouldbebuiltwithoutbeingdamagedandspentthenext50yearsbuildingthetownofPortmeirionwithastyleofItaly.然后，他开始向世界展示如何在不受破坏的情况下建造自然美丽的城堡，并在接下来的50年里将意大利风格的波特梅利翁镇建成。可知，在Portmeirion可欣赏到意大利风格的建筑，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Over30ideasforadventureactivitiesandsports,bothtraditionalandextreme.超过30个冒险活动和运动的想法，既有传统的也有极端的。可知，在旅游手册上可以看到关于冒险活动的介绍，故选C。【点睛】应用文多是细节理解题。一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的Anglesey，再如小题2题干中的Italian­stylebuilding，可以帮助快速找出答案。BBritishchemistDavidEvanshasbecomeanovernightcelebrityonChinesesocialmedia.Hischemistryexperimentshaveattractedover2millionfollowersinjustafewmonths.EvansisachemistryprofessorattheBeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology.The60-year-oldalwayswearsawhitelabcoat,apairofsafetygoggles(护目镜），andsmilesoften.Somewebuserssayhelooksjustlikethe"grandpaofKFC".Evanshaspostedvideosofvariousexperiments.Hismostpopularexperimentshaveattractedmillionsofhitsonvideo-sharingapps.Excitedchildren'scheersandshoutscanbeheardinhisvideos.“Ihopemyexperimentscanarousepeople'sinterestinscience,”hesays.EvanshasbeeninterestedinChinasincechildhood.Intheearly1970s,beforethereformandopening-up,hevieweditasa“countryfullofmysteries".HefirstvisitedtheChinesemainlandin1987toattendachemistryconferenceinNanjing,JiangsuProvince.HequithisjobintheUnitedKingdomandmovedtoBeijingin1996.Manyofhisfriendsthoughthewascrazy.ButEvanssaystheyjustsawChina'schallengesbutnotitspotential.Since2011,EvanshasturnedtotheInternettopopularizescience.Helearnedshort-videoappsarealsopopularinsmallcitiesandruralareas.Andherealizedthisenableshimtoreachmorestudents,wholackopportunitiestoperformfunexperiments.Butevenaone-minutevideorequiresaconsiderableamountofwork.Still,hethinksit'sworthittofulfillhisresponsibilitytopopularizescience.Hisexperimentsalwaysfillschools'lecturehallswithlaughter.Someviewerscallhim"aHarryPotter-likemagician”,buthedisagrees.“Amagiciannevertellsthesecretsbehindhistricks,butascientistalwaysgivesanexplanation.”Heseeshimselfasateacher.Heperformsexperimentstospreadknowledge,inspirethinking,removemisunderstandingsandshowthatsciencecancreatechange.Evanssayshelooksforwardtomore"chemicalreactions"withChina.4.WhoisDavidEvansaccordingtothepassage?A.Afilmcelebrity.B.Achemistryteacher.C.AmanagerofKFC.D.ABritishmagician.5.WhydidEvansbegintopostvideosofexperimentsontheInternet?A.Topopularizescience.B.Torisetofame.C.Toapplyshort-videoapps.D.Tomakeafortune.6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtoparagraph3?A.EvansconsideredUKtobeacountryfullofmysteries.B.EvansfirstvisitedChinesemainlandinhischildhood.C.EvanswenttoChinaforachemistrymeetingin1987.D.EvansmovedtoBeijingwiththesupportofhisfriends.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Evansknowsexactlyhowamagicworks.B.Evanswasaseriousscientistandbarelysmiled.C.EvanswillcontinuetopostvideosofexperimentsinChina.D.Evans'studentsliketointerrupthisexperimentswithlaughter.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位移居中国，并且在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学家在中国的一些事迹。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“EvansisachemistryprofessorattheBeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology.”（Evans是北京化工大学的化学教授。）可知，DavidEvans是一位化学老师。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Since2011,EvanshasturnedtotheInternettopopularizescience.”（自2011年以来，埃文斯开始通过互联网普及科学。）和“Still,hethinksit'sworthittofulfillhisresponsibilitytopopularizescience.”（尽管如此，他认为履行普及科学的责任是值得的。）可知，开始在互联网上发布实验视频，以普及科学。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“HefirstvisitedtheChinesemainlandin1987toattendachemistryconferenceinNanjing,JiangsuProvince.”（他第一次访问中国大陆是在1987年，在江苏省南京市参加一个化学会议。）可知，1987年，埃文斯去中国参加了一个化学会议。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Evanshaspostedvideosofvariousexperiments.Hismostpopularexperimentshaveattractedmillionsofhitsonvideo-sharingapps.”（埃文斯上传了各种实验的视频。他最受欢迎的实验已经在视频分享应用程序上吸引了数百万点击量。）和最后一段“Evanssayshelooksforwardtomore"chemicalreactions"withChina.”（埃文斯说，他期待与中国发生更多的“化学反应”。）可推知，他将继续发布更多的实验视频。故选C。CAccordingtoarecentstudy,anewgeneticallymodified(转基因的）ricecanpreventinfectionsofHIV,thevirusresponsibleforthediseaseAIDS.Thestudyreportsthenewly-developedriceproducesproteins(蛋白质）thatattachdirectlytotheHIVvirus.Thisprocesskeepsthevirusfrommixingwithhumancells.Thescientistssayitcanremovetheeffectofthevirusandblockitsspreading.TheJointUnitedNationsProgramonHIV/AIDSreportsthatworldwide,nearly37millionpeoplewerelivingwithHIVin2017.Theorganizationsaysthelargestnumberofthosearein·developingcountries.Nearlytwo-thirdsofHIVcasesareinAfrica.NowthereisnocureforHIV/AIDSthoughtherehavebeendevelopmentsinoraldrugtreatmentstoslowtheprogressionofthedisease.Thenewstudypredictstherice-basedmethodwillleadtolong-termuseoftheanti-HIVtreatmentacrossthedevelopingworld.Researcherssaidthe"groundbreaking"discoveryis“realisticallytheonlyway"thatanti-HIVcombinationtreatmentscanbeproducedatacostlowenoughforthedevelopingworld.Theysaytheeasiestandmostcost-effectivewaytousethericewillbetomakeitintoacreamtobeputontheskin.TheHIV-fightingproteinscanthenenterthebodythroughtheskin.Peopleallovertheworldcouldgrowthericeandmakethecreamthemselves.Thiswouldpreventthecostandtravelrequiredformanypatientstoreceivetreatmentsandmedicine.Theprocessofchangingthegeneticstructureoffoodcropshasbeendebatedforsometime.Criticsofgeneticallyengineeredcropsbelievetheycanharmpeople.Thescientificteamsaysfurthertestingisneededtoensurethatthegeneticengineeringprocessdoesnotproduceanyadditionalchemicalsthatcouldbedangeroustopeople.8.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheterriblesituationsofHIVinfections.B.TherapiddevelopmentofAfrica.C.ThepracticalwaystocureAIDS.D.TheeffortsmadebytheUnitedNations.9.Inwhichwaywillthericebeusedatthelowestcost?A.Bytransformingitintoproteins.B.Byprocessingitintoacream.C.ByattachingittotheHIVvirus.D.Byaddingittoanoraldrug.10.Whatcanweinferaboutthegeneticengineeringprocess?A.ItcanpreventinfectionsofHIV.B.Ithasproduceddangerouschemicals.C.Itisintendedforthedevelopedworld.D.Itrequiresfurthertestingtoensurethesafety.11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Afirstaidbrochure.C.Asocialwebpage.D.Ahealthmagazine.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了最新的研究发现了一种转基因大米，可以防止HIV病毒的感染。【8题详解】主旨大意题。文章第3段中提到“…worldwide,nearly37millionpeoplewerelivingwithHIVin2017.…NowthereisnocureforHIV/AIDS…”，全球HIV感染人数达到近3700万人，而且目前还没有治愈艾滋病毒的方法。由此可以推断，本段说明了在全球HIV病毒感染的严峻现状。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第5段中“Theysaytheeasiestandmostcost-effectivewaytousethericewillbetomakeitintoacreamtobeputontheskin.”可知，科学家们认为最简单且最节约成本的方式就是把大米加工成膏状，涂在皮肤上。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Criticsofgeneticallyengineeredcropsbelievetheycanharmpeople.Thescientificteamsaysfurthertestingisneededtoensurethatthegeneticengineeringprocessdoesnotproduceanyadditionalchemicalsthatcouldbedangeroustopeople.（转基因农作物的批评者认为它们会对人体有害。科学团队表示，还需要进一步的测试，以确保基因工程过程不会产生任何可能对人体有害的额外化学物质。）由此可以推断，科学家们认为还需要作进一步测试，以确保基因工程过程的安全性。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文第一段提到“anewgeneticallymodifiedricecanpreventinfectionsofHIV…”，该项科学研究是关于一种新的转基因大米可以防止感染HIV病毒，其话题与健康有关。由此可以推断，文章可能是选自健康杂志。故选D。DMostpeoplecan'twaitforspringtoarrive.Itmeansflowersandwarmerweather,allwelcomechangesfromthedarkwinterdays.NowweknowthatspringisarrivingsoonerintheNorthernHemisphere(北半球）thanitwasinthepast,thankstoastudypublishedinScientificReports.Forexample,LosAngelesmayexperiencespringonlyadayearlierthanitdid10yearsago,butfurthernorth,inSeattleorChicago,springwillarrivefourdaysearlier.IfyoulivedintheArctic,springcouldarrive16daysearlierthanitusedto.Todeterminehowspringtimeisstartingearlier,researcherslookedattemperaturerecordsand743earlierstudiesover86years.Thesestudieswereaboutvariousbiologicalindicatorsofspring,includingbirdsmigrating,plantsfloweringandamphibians（两栖动物）soundingtheirmatingcalls.Researchersthenstudiedthesedatatoseeiftheywereoccurringearlier.Theresultshowedthatnotonlyisspringmakingitselfknownsoonerbutit'swarmer,too.Beforeyougooutinahappyspringtimehike,springarrivingsoonerisn'tsogood.Thelivelihoodofmigratorybirds,forinstance,maybeconcerned.“Thefoodthatbirdsrelyonwhentheymovetothenorthmightnotbereliableifthebeginningofspringatthesehigherlatitudes（维度）isexpandedbyfuturewarming."saidEricPost.HeisafellowoftheJohnMuirInstituteandapolarecologist.AnimalsrelyingonArcticseaice,likepolarbears,probablyaren'tcrazyaboutthingswarmingupsooner,either,becauseitimpactsontheirabilitytohunt.Spring'searlyarrivalcouldcausedisorderinthedelicatebalanceofvariousecosystems~~nottomentionhowsoonyou'llneedtobuyallergymedicine.12.WelearnfromthestudypublishedinScientificReportsthat.A.springcomesearliestinLosAngelesB.LosAngelesisfurthernorththanSeattleC.springcomes12daysearlierinArcticthaninChicagoD.thefurthernorthaplacelies,thesoonerspringcomesthanbefore13.Researchersmadethediscoverymainlyby.A.comparingrelateddataavailableB.conductingresearchandtestC.calculatingtheexactlengthofeachspringD.observinganimal'sbehaviorallyearround14.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsfocuson?A.Concernsoverspring'searlyarrival.B.Springtimeemergenceofcreatures.C.Earlyspringtime'simpactsonhumans.D.Disorderinthebalanceofecosystems.15.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthistext?A.MedicalReport. B.SurvivalStories.C.ScientificDiscoveries. D.Naturalenvironment【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者就科学新发现春天比过去来的早，进行阐述。说明了这个气候新发现对人类和动物的影响。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“NowweknowthatspringisarrivingsoonerintheNorthernHemisphere(北半球）thanitwasinthepast,thankstoastudypublishedinScientificReports.”（据《科学报告》上发表的一项研究，现在我们知道北半球的春天比过去来得早了）和第二段“Forexample,LosAngelesmayexperiencespringonlyadayearlierthanitdid10yearsago,butfurthernorth,inSeattleorChicago,springwillarrivefourdaysearlier.IfyoulivedintheArctic,springcouldarrive16daysearlierthanitusedto”（例如，洛杉矶的春天可能只比10年前提前一天，但在更北边的西雅图或芝加哥，春天将提前4天到来。如果你住在北极，春天会比以前提前16天到来）可知，住着越北的地方，春天来得越早。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Todeterminehowspringtimeisstartingearlier,researcherslookedattemperaturerecordsand743earlierstudiesover86years.Thesestudieswereaboutvariousbiologicalindicatorsofspring,includingbirdsmigrating,plantsfloweringandamphibians（两栖动物）soundingtheirmatingcalls.Researchersthenstudiedthesedatatoseeiftheywereoccurringearlier.Theresultshowedthatnotonlyisspringmakingitselfknownsoonerbutit'swarmer,too”（为了确定春季为何开始得更早，研究人员查阅了气温记录和86年来的743项早期研究。这些研究是关于春天的各种生物学指标的，包括鸟类的迁徙、植物的开花和两栖动物的求偶声。研究人员随后研究了这些数据，看它们是否更早出现。结果表明，春季不仅出现得更快，而且天气也更暖和了）可知，通过查阅气温记录和86年来的743项早期研究后，研究者做出了相应的发现。故选A项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段提到“Thefoodthatbirdsrelyonwhentheymovetothenorthmightnotbereliableifthebeginningofspringatthesehigherlatitudesisexpandedbyfuturewarming”（如果未来气候变暖导致高纬度地区春季的开始时间扩大，鸟类向北迁徙时所依赖的食物可能就不可靠了）和最后一段提到“AnimalsrelyingonArcticseaice,likepolarbears,probablyaren'tcrazyaboutthingswarmingupsooner,either,becauseitimpactsontheirabilitytohunt.Spring'searlyarrivalcouldcausedisorderinthedelicatebalanceofvariousecosystems~~nottomentionhowsoonyou'llneedtobuyallergymedicine”（依靠北极海冰生存的动物，比如北极熊，可能也不会对气候变暖感到疯狂，因为这会影响它们的捕猎能力。春天的提前到来可能会扰乱各种生态系统脆弱的平衡，更不用说你需要多快才能买到抗过敏药了）可知，最后两段提到了春天提前到来对动物和人类的不良影响。由此可知，最后两段的重点对春天提前到来的担忧。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“NowweknowthatspringisarrivingsoonerintheNorthernHemisphere(北半球）thanitwasinthepast,thankstoastudypublishedinScientificReports.”（据《科学报告》上发表的一项研究，现在我们知道北半球的春天比过去来得早了）可知，本篇文章主要是研究气候变化的新发现。因此本篇文章应来自杂志的“科学发现”专栏。故选C项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallexperiencemomentaryburstsofangereverynowandthen.Forthemostpart,though,theserelativelyminorannoyancesareeasytodealwith,butwalkingbackyourangerwhenyou'rehavingaheatedconversationwithsomeoneisalotmoredifficult.Therearethingsyoucandointhemomenttocalmyourself,though.1.Acknowledgethatyou'reangry.Whenyou'reangry,younoticeitinyourbody.___16___Ifyou'renotphysicallyfeelingit,youmighthearitinthesoundofyourvoice.Onceyounoticethis,trytoadjustyourvoice.Justasincreasingangercancorrespondtoanincreasinglyloudvoice,socantheopposite.___17___2.Giveyourselfatimeout.Howdoyoudotheexerciseabovewhenyou'reinthemiddleofaface-to-faceconversation?Callapersonaltimeout.Walkingawaygivesyoutimetocalmdownandcollectyourthoughtsbeforeresponding.Thisalsoaidsindecreasinganger.Ofcourse,don'tjustpeaceoutoftheargument.Letwhoeveryou'retalkingtoknowthatyoujustneedalittlephysicalspace.3.Askyourselfwhatemotionisbehindtheanger.___18___Moreoftenthannot,angerisa“secondaryemotion”weuseasamaskoradefenseforanentirelydifferentfeeling(shame,forinstance,orembarrassment).Onceyou'reawareoftherealemotionsatplay,youcancommunicateittothepersonyousnappedat.Also,you'dapologizetoyourco-workerandperhapsconsideraskingyourmanagertolightenyourworkload.4.___19___Let'ssayyou'vetakentheadviceabove,butyou'restillfeelingheated.Ifso,changingthetopicofconversationcanalsobeagoodwaytocopewithangerinthemoment.___20___Ifyouwerediscussingsomethingserious-orsomethingthatneedstobeexplainedfinally-tablethediscussionforlaterorthenextday,whenyoucalmdown.A.Changethesubjectoftheconversation.B.Stoptheconversationwithyourpartner.C.Angerwilldodamagetoyourlungsandheart.D.Tryrespondingtoyourloudvoicebygraduallyloweringit.E.Nowthatyou'vecalmeddown,thinkaboutwhat'smotivatingyouranger.F.Makeajokeandreroutetheconversationtoasafe,calm,enjoyabledialogue.G.Angerwilloftencausechangesinourbody,suchasmuscletensionorsoreneck.【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.A20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章给出了当人愤怒时，怎样冷静下来的几个方法。【16题详解】上文“Whenyou'reangry,younoticeitinyourbody.（当你生气的时候，你会注意到它在你的身体里）”说明生气就在身体内，和体内紧密相关，G项“愤怒通常会引起我们身体的变化，比如肌肉紧张或者脖子酸痛。”承接上文，具体说明生气引起的身体变化，并举了实际例子。选项中的ourbody和上文yourbody描述对象一致。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Onceyounoticethis,trytoadjustyourvoice.Justasincreasingangercancorrespondtoanincreasinglyloudvoice,socantheopposite.（一旦你注意到这一点，试着调整你的声音。正如越来越多的愤怒可以对应越来越响亮的声音，反之亦然）”说明生气时声音会变大，D项“试着用逐渐降低的方式来回应你的大声。”承接对应上文，提出怎样调整声音。选项中的yourloudvoice和上文的yourvoice，anincreasinglyloudvoice描述对象一致，符合题意。故选D项。【18题详解】上文“Askyourselfwhatemotionisbehindtheanger.(问问自己愤怒背后是什么情绪)”说明愤怒是有原因的，下文“Moreoftenthannot,angerisa“secondaryemotion”weuseasamaskoradefenseforanentirelydifferentfeeling(shame,forinstance,orembarrassment).（通常情况下，愤怒是一种“次要的情绪”，我们用它作为一种面具或者一种完全不同的感觉(比如羞耻或者尴尬)的防御）”说明愤怒是对一种情绪的防御，E项“现在你已经平静下来了，想想是什么激发了你的愤怒”承接上文，启发思考为什么愤怒，引发下文给出答案。故选E项。【19题详解】下文“Ifso,changingthetopicofconversationcanalsobeagoodwaytocopewithangerinthemoment.(如果是这样的话，改变谈话的主题也可以是一个很好的方式来处理愤怒的时刻)”说明改变谈话主题也可以处理愤怒，A项“改变谈话的主题”作为小标题，点明段落中心。选项中的Changethesubjectoftheconversation和下文中的changingthetopicofconversation语义一致。故选A项。【20题详解】上文“Ifso,changingthetopicofconversationcanalsobeagoodwaytocopewithangerinthemoment.（如果是这样的话，换个话题也是应对当下愤怒情绪的好方法。）”说明换个话题是应对愤怒情绪的好办法，F项“讲个笑话，让谈话转向安全、平静、愉快的对话。”承接上文，说的是换个话题的具体方法。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题上上将该项涂黑。Itwasinspring,1968.Iwasstandingbesidearoad,hopingsomeonecouldgivemea____21____.Iwasheadingbacktocampusthatwasmilesawayandwasconsidering____22____.Manydriverssloweddownandthen____23____afterhavingalookatme.Ididn't____24____them.Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?Mylifewasvery____25____.Ifeltatalossincollege.Iconsideredpackingupmybelongingswhenreturningtomy____26____.Twohourspassed.Finallyacar____27____.Itoldthedrivermydestination."ThecollegeinOneonta?That's____28____.Getin,"hesaid."I'mAaron.Thisismywife,Sylvia.""I'mDave,ajunior,"Isaid.AaronaskedwhatIwas____29____incollege."History,"Isaid."Secondaryeducation.""Soyou'llbeateacher,"hesaid.Inodded."_____30_____!"Hesaidexcitedly.Iwassurprisedbyhisreaction.SylviaexplainedAaron'sdreamwastobeateacher._____31_____,hecouldn'taffordcollegeschooling.Sohereally_____32_____me.Aaronaskedaboutmycollegelife.Ipaintedapositivepictureofmy_____33_____.Forthefirsttime,Isawmyfutureinfrontofme—tobeagoodteacher.Iwasfilledwithasenseof_____34_____.Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudiesandfinally_____35_____asuccessfulteachingcareer.21.A.direction B.lift C.chance D.job22.A.walkingforward B.movingback C.droppingout D.checkingin23.A.left B.stopped C.laughed D.escaped24.A.trust B.forget C.know D.blame25.A.simple B.messy C.ordinary D.healthy26A.home B.dorm C.camp D.office27.A.pulledin B.wentback C.passedby D.brokedown28.A.unheard B.attractive C.uncompleted D.distant29.A.majoring B.lecturing C.worrying D.challenging30.A.Surprising B.Fantastic C.Boring D.Terrible31.A.Instead B.Otherwise C.However D.Therefore32.A.hated B.supported C.pitied D.admired33.A.school B.appearance C.experiences D.family34.A.purpose B.achievement C.security D.humor35.A.missed B.began C.returnedto D.putoff【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.B27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的大学生活很糟糕想辍学，结果给他搭便车的一对夫妇很羡慕他能当老师。他感觉自己找到了明确的目标，决定不辍学了，从此开启了自己的教育生涯。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在路边，希望有人能载我一程。A.direction方向；B.lift便车，提升；C.chance机会；D.job工作。根据下一段“Manydriverssloweddownandthen(3)afterhavingalookatme.”可知，作者是想搭便车。givesb.alift为固定搭配，意为“给某人搭便车”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正要回几英里外的校园，正考虑退学。A.walkingforward向前走；B.movingback后退；C.droppingout辍学；D.checkingin登记入住。根据下文“Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudies”可知，作者是想辍学。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多司机都减速了，看了我一眼就离开了。A.left离开；B.stopped停止；C.laughed嘲笑；D.escaped逃跑。根据下一句“Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?”可知，这些司机只是看了看他然后离开了。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有责怪他们。A.trust信任；B.forget忘记；C.know知道；D.blame责备。根据下一句“Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?”可知，作者自言自语的话，说明作者理解这些司机，所以没有责备他们。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生活很混乱。A.simple简单的；B.messy混乱的；C.ordinary普通的；D.healthy健康的。根据下一句“Ifeltatalossincollege.”可知，我不知所措，所以事情应该是很糟糕的。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑过回宿舍时收拾行李。A.home家；B.dorm宿舍；C.camp野营；D.office办公室。根据上文“Ifeltatalossincollege.”可知，作者回宿舍时考虑收拾行李。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后一辆车停在路边。A.pulledin靠边停车；B.wentback后退；C.passedby经过；D.brokedown抛锚。根据下一句“Itoldthedrivermydestination”可知，司机把车开到路边接他。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那在远处。A.unheard未听到的；B.attractive有吸引力的；C.uncompleted未完成的；D.distant遥远的。根据上一句“Itoldthedrivermydestination."ThecollegeinOneonta?”可知，作者告诉他要去的目的地，他应该会说从这儿到目的地的距离更合适一些。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Aaron问我在大学主修什么。A.majoring主修；B.lecturing教，讲授；C.worrying担心；D.challenging挑战。根据下一句“"History，"Isaid.”可知，问的是他的主修科目。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：”太棒了！”他兴奋地说。A.Surprising令人惊讶的；B.Fantastic极好的；C.Boring无聊的；D.Terrible可怕的。根据下一句“Hesaidexcitedly”可知，应该是认为成为老师很好。故选B项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他上不起大学。A.Instead代替，而不是；B.Otherwise否则；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。Sylvia解释说Aron的梦想是当一名教师。但是他负担不起大学教育。前后两句之间是转折关系，所以用However。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他真的很钦佩我。A.hated讨厌；B.supported支持；C.pitied遗憾；D.admired钦佩，羡慕。根据上一句“SylviaexplainedAaron'sdreamwastobeateacher.(11)hecouldn'taffordcollegeschooling.”可知，她想当老师，但是负担不起学费,而作者要成为老师了，所以只会是羡慕。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对我的经历描绘了一幅积极的画面。A.school学校；B.appearance外表；C.experiences经历；D.family家庭。根据上一句“Aaronaskedaboutmycollegelife”可知，Aaron问了他的大学生活，作者给他描述了他的大学生活的经历。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一个明确的目标。A.purpose目标；B.achievement成就；C.security安全；D.humor幽默。根据上一句“Forthefirsttime,Isawmyfutureinfrontofme-tobeagoodteacher”可知，作者下决心成为一名好老师，所以有了一个明确的目标。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了这对夫妇，我放弃了辍学的念头,最终开始了一段成功的教育生涯。A.missed想念；B.began开始；C.returnedto返还；D.putoff推迟。根据上一句“Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudies”可知，作者放弃了辍学的念头，开始了他的教育生涯。故选B项。卷Ⅱ（非选择题共55分）第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinahasbeenselectedtohosttheWorldSkillsCompetitioninShanghaiin2021aneventithopestousforbuildingastrongerteamofskilledworkersnationwideandtoimproveinternational______36______(exchange)in