2020年高考英语新题型写作技巧四定语从句和写作同义词总结附答案

2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧专题（四）定语从句+写作同类词合集替考技巧T在写作 中运用定语从句不仅可以显示考生较好的语言运用能力，更能为写作增添色彩。所以考生一定要在平时练习时学会在书信应用文、概写和续写中尝试写定语从句，让作文整体显得漂亮和流畅。一. 用于书面表达中定语从句的类型.关系代词引导的定语从句who,whom,whose,which,that,as等关系代词引导的定语从句在高考书面表达中屡见不鲜。尤其以as和which引导的非限制性定语从句更是司空见惯。.Pmqualifiedwitheveiyextraworkthatyouwantmetodo.（2019全国一卷书面表达）.Lastweek,wetooktlieforeignstudentsmourschooltoexperiencetheautlienticteaculture,whichtuniedouttobeextremelyrewarding.（2018北京高考书而表达）.Asisknown,Iwillbeavolunteerforthe13thNationalGameswhichwillbeheldattheendofAugustmTianjm.（2017年天津高考书面表达）.Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.（2016全国卷书而表达）.关系副词引导的定语从句when,where,why关系副词引导的定语从句也可以在高考书面表达中找到很多例子。在写这种类型的定语从句时，一定要注意关系词前面一些特殊的先行词，如:period,age,occasion,situation,case,point,reason等。®.WearetomeetonSundaymoniniginthePeople'sPark,wheretheairisfreshandthesceneiyisbeautifiil.（2017全国一卷书面表达）.Theyfoundthedangeroussituation,wheretlireemencircledthewolf.（2017浙江高考书面表达）.1thinkthereasonwhyyou'realwaysangrymaybethelughpressureofstudy.（2014安徽高考书面表达）.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Matenalcollectingtookusawholeweek,duringwhichweinterviewedourteachersandtookpicturesofeveiyaspectofourschoollife.定语从句的写法定语从句对于考生来说相对较难灵活运用，所以一定要在平时的写作训练中多加练习。在写作中,可以采取以下的步骤训练。.写出两个相关联的简单句；.在其中一处简单句中找出需要修饰的词，这个词一定要在两个简单句中都有联系；.把剩下的一个简单句改成定语从句，根据关系词的不同选择而对句子进行修改。若是关系代词，就要去掉这个简单句中的主语或者宾语。若是关系副词，则要删掉状语。例—：TheforeignergotaiTestedbythepolice.Hepickedawoman'spocketonthebus.先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分，即theforeigner。确定第一句为主句后，剩下的第二句要改写成定语从句。由于是代词做主语，所以考虑用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句，并删去第二句的主语he。Theforeignerwho/thatpickedawoman5spocketonthebusgotaiTestedbythepolice.例二：Afiresuddenlybrokeoutinthetheater.Withoutdelay,Tomranawayfi-omthetheater.先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分，即thetheater。确定第二句作主句后，剩下的第二句为定语从句。由于inthetheater是地点状语，所以考虑用关系副词where引导定语从句，并删去第一句的状语inthetheateroWithoutdelay,Tomranawayfi-omthetheaterwhereafiresuddenlybrokeout.由于灵活运用定语从句对于考生来说有一定的难度，所以考生在书面表达中运用定语从句时会常犯一些错误，比如误用关系词，句子成分多余或残缺，把定语从句和其它从句混淆。这些都是考生需要注意的。后面的改错练习会涉及到一些定语从句写作中常见的错误。备考技巧2提升训练一.请把下列的定语从句改正确。IliveinBeijing,whereistliecapitalofChina.Ihaveafriend,who'snameisLiuMei.ThereweremanystudentstookpailintheEnglishcompetition.Thelastoneleavestheclassroomissupposedtoturnofflights.Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,thatasadboystandsbetweenlusangryparents.Lastweek,IretiimedtothevillagewhereIgrewuptliereinmycluldhood.Whichisknown,smokmgisabadhabitthatthi'eatenspeople'shealth.Hisparentstoldhmimanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriveritdidn'thelp.TherehethreemembersinmyfamilyandTmtheonlyonechild,whoisveiycommoninChina.Whentravellingoverseas,youshouldfollowthecustomsofthecountiywhereyouarevisiting.Iwillneverforgetthedayonthatwewenttobuyguitarsmthestore.Ontlietliirdfloortherearetworooms,oneofthemisusedasameetingroom.ThecouplewillflytoFrancefortheirhoneymoonontheirfirststop,whichtheyplantostayfortlii-eedays.Igavethatboysuchadifficultmatliproblemwhichhecouldn'tworkout.Dunngholidayseasons,Iwillliveinthecountryside,whenairisfreshandpeoplearefriendly.题目一【答案】IliveinBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChina.Ihaveafiiend,whosenameisLiuMei.ThereweremanystudentswhotookpartintheEnglishcompetition.Thelastonewholeavestheclassroomissupposedtotuniofflights.Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,（去掉that）asadboystandsbetweenhisangiyparents.Lastweek,IretiunedtothevillagewhereIgrewup（去掉there）inmycluldhood.Asisknown,smokmgisabadhabitthatthreatenspeople'shealth.Hisparentstoldhmimanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,which/butitdidn,thelp.TherehethreemembersinmyfamilyandTmtheonlyonechild,whichisveiycommoninChina.Whentravellingoverseas,youshouldfollowthecustomsoftliecountrywhich/thatyouarevisitmg.Iwillneverforgetthedayonwhichwewenttobuyguitarsmthestore.Ontlietliirdfloortherearetworooms,oneofwhichisusedasameetingroom.ThecouplewillflytoFrancefortheirhoneymoonontheirfirststop,wheretheyplantostayfortlii-eedays.Igavethatboysuchadifficultmatliproblemashecouldn'tworkout.Dunngholidayseasons,Iwillliveinthecountryside,whereairisfreshandpeoplearefriendly.二.用适当的关系词填空。Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofusesitdifferently.Ourscienceteacherwillseiveasourguide,isexpectedtotellussomethingmterestmgabouttheTiantaiShan.Onlythosesparenoefforttoconfrontproblemscanachievewhattheylongfor.Wellputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,theweathermaybebetter.Wellspendsomefirntmietogethersingmg,dancingandplayinggames,Ihopewillmakethemeveiyhappy.题目二【答案】1.whichwhowhowhenwhich三.将下列的简单句合并成定语从句。Thisisthebestmethod.Itcanbeusedagainstpollution.Fvealwayslongedforthedays.Iwillbeabletobemdependentthen.IwillgoonatriptoSichtiaii.There，reagreatnumberofplacesofmterestinSichuan.Iamongoodtemiswithafriend.Herfatherwoiksasanengineer.Tliroughthecotuseofmyschoolmg,Iencounteredmanyteachers.Twoofthemmfluencedmegreatly..我们将在学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。.我无法遵守承诺是因为我叔叔马上要出国深造了。.一年中有四季，每个季节都有显著的特点。.作为一名外向的学生，我善于同其他人交往，这使我对这个职位感到自信。.我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过遇到各种问题的难关。题目四【答案】1.VE'regoingtolearnsomeCliinesepoemswhich/thatwerewrittenintheTangDynasty.TliereasonwhyIcan'tkeepmywordisthatmyunclewillgoabroadforfartherstudiessoon.Tlierearefourseasonsinayeareachofwliichhasdistinctivefeatures.Asanoutgoingstudent,Iamskilledatcomimuiicatingwithothers,whichmakesmefeelconfidentaboutthisposition.Asweallknow,ourfriendswilllendusahelpinghandwhenweneedhelpandtlieywillhelpusgetthi-oughdifficultsituationswherewewillbefacedvarietiesofproblems.备考技巧3写作同义词总结由于在有限的词汇量和紧张的时间里，许多考生写的作文常常平淡无味，缺乏文采和感染力。因此，考生平时练习书面表达的时候，要多注意并多积累一些同义词的表达和替换，并把它们加以应用。这样写的作文，不管是书信应用文，概写或者续写，才会大放异彩，夺得高分。以下两个部分是关于一些动词、名词、形容词和副词短语等词的同义词集合，仅供参考。.笼统词转变为具体词。good:amazing令人大为惊奇的；pleasant令人愉快的，宜人的；fantastic/fhbulous极好的：outstanding出色的：terrific极好的，绝妙的；excellent优秀的；bad:awfUl糟糕的，可怕的；terrible糟糕的，可怕的：unpleasant令人不快的；disgustmg令人恶心的happy:cheerfill兴高采烈的：delighted快乐的：pleased高兴；amused逗乐的；content满意的sad:depressed沮丧的；gloomy悲观的；upset不高兴的；frustrated懊恼的；disappointed失望的prettyr:appealing有吸引力的；lovely美丽的；attractive吸引人的：channmg有魅力的；elegant优雅的：adorable可爱的big:large大的：huge巨大的；giant巨大的：enormous庞大的；uninense巨大的say：speak说，演讲；chat聊天；comment评论；ieply回目；remark说起，评论；review评论，复习;declare宣布；state陈述;exclaun惊叫：shout大声喊;whisper低声说;announce宣布,通知；respond答复，回应：boast自夸；explain解释，说明；clarify澄清；claim声称：criticize批评，评论；mteipretII译，解释like:adnui-e欣赏，仰慕；approve同意，赞成：treasure珍视：fancy爱慕；appreciate欣赏，感谢；cherish珍爱；desire渴望：enjoy喜爱，欣赏，享受：beaddictedto对 上瘾：becrazyabout对 着迷：befondof喜欢 ；bekeenon喜爱 ；haveafancyfor喜欢 ；takepleasurein以 为乐nin:speed快速前行；hurry匆忙：jog慢跑；msh冲向；race快速移动；dash猛冲，急驰：flee（过去式为fled）逃跑look:gaze/stai-eat凝视：examine（仔细地）检查；glanceat瞥一眼：view观看；observe观察；watch注视，看守；inspect视察：notice注意到;spot发现；glareat怒视；recognize认出；makeout看清；catchsightof看见；catchaglimpseof瞥见ask:iiitemew访问；question问，审问listen:hear听到；pickup接收（信号、声音、图像等）；overhear1偶然听到want:lookforwardto期望；longfbr渴望;bedyingfor渴望；beeagertodosth./fbrsth.想要 ；渴望；beanxioustodostli./forsth.想要，渴望shout:ciy呼喊；scream尖叫；moan呻吟;sigh叹息；quarrel争吵go:climb爬行；jump跳跃；skip蹦蹦跳跳地走：slip溜走；enter进入；move移动，搬迁；diive驾驶：nde骑；fly快速移动；ciawl匍匐前进have:occupy占有；hold拥有,持有（见解等）;own拥有（强调所有权）;possess具有（某种品质、才能、特点或性能等）；keep保有；enjoy享有；beblessedwith享有money:possession个人财产，私人物品；wealth钱财：belongings财产，财物；fortune巨款；treasure珠宝，金银财宝.其它常见写作词汇的多种表达。."优缺点”：advantage优势，有利条件；disadvantage劣势，不利条件；strength优势，优点,体力；shortcoming缺点；drawback缺点."专心于:集中注意力”:beabsorbedin专心于:beaddictedto沉迷于;bebuiiedin埋头于:bedevotedto致力于；beengagedin专心于；beinvolvedm专注于；belostin陷入，专心致志于；beoccupiedin忙于；concenti-ateon专心于：fixone，smind/attentionon集中注意力于；fbcuson集中注意力于；payattentionto注意；putone，sheartinto集中注意力于.“反复Loverandoveragain反复，多次：overandover反更，再三；tmieandtimeagain一再；tmieandagain一再，屡次；againandagain反及，再三地. ”立刻；马上"：atonce；rightaway/now；innotime：instantly；mimediately；inaflash.“人物性格特点”：active枳极的，活跃的；confident有信心的：creative/iiino\^ative富有创造力的；cniel残忍的；devoted/dedicated有献身精神的；energetic/lively有活力的；enthusiastic/passionate充满热情的;generous慷慨的；mean吝啬的：selfish自私的；selfless无私的；wann-hearted热心肠的；nidi任erent/stony冷漠的. "适应":adapt（oneself）to/adjust（oneself）to适应;agi-eewitli适宜;与 一致；fitm相适应;相融合;getalong/onwellwith…和 相处很好. “照看/照顾某人"：attendto/on/uponsb；careforsb.；lookaftersb.；showconsidei'ationforsb.；takecareofsb..“与 有关beconcernedwith：bemvolvedin；berelatedto：berelevantto；havesomethmgtodowith；beconnectedwith."除以外"：apartfixnn除外（还有/没有）；aswellas除之外还有；asidefrom除外（还有/没有）；besides除外（还有）：exceptfor除了（不好的部分）；madditionto此外；inaddition此外（单独使用）；withanexceptionto除 外没有.”出现与消失"：appearvi.出现：dieout灭亡；逐渐消失：disappearvi.消失；失踪；showup/tumup出现；comemtobeing形成；extinctadj.灭绝的. “相信”与“不相信”：beliefn.信任，信心，信仰；convincevt.使确信；faithn.信任，信仰；reliable/tmst^rorthy/dependableadj.可靠的；unbehevable/iiicredibleadj.难以置信的：tnistmgadj.轻信的."同意与反对"：agreevi.同意；approvevt.&vi.批准，赞成：disagreevi.不同意；objectvi.反对；opposevt.反对,反抗；rejectvt.抛弃，拒绝：supportn.&xt.支持，拥护；advocatevt.主张，支持；dismissvt.不予考虑；turndown拒绝."犯罪"：accusesb.of控告；chargesb.witli控告；commitvt.犯(罪)；crimen.罪行;guiltn.罪行;punishvt.惩罚；sentencen.&vt.判决；suspectv.怀疑：猜想n.犯罪嫌疑人;trialn.审讯：questionvt审问.“小心；当心”：becareful小心；lookout当心；takecai,e小心；look/watchout(for)当心；bemuidfiilof留心；mindvt当心，注意."因此因为"：asaresult/consequence结果，因此；consequentlyadv.所以：soadv.&conj.因此：所以；thereforeadv.因此；所以；thusadv.因此；于是；becauseof/dueto/owiiigto/asaresultof/'onaccountof因为."导致"：accountfbr解释，导致;bringabout导致；contributeto促成：leadto造成；resultin导致；givenseto导致；."被困":betrappedin./bestuckin/becauglitm被困在 .“方法":theapproachtodomgstli./thewaytodo/ofdomgsth./themeansofdomgsth./themethodofdomgsth.做某事的方法：inthisway/bythismeans/withthismethod用这种方法.“主要的，首要的，重要的"：chiefadj.首要的；mainadj.主要的；majoradj.主要的，重要的；primary