英语新外研必修二讲义MODULE2SECTIONⅠINTRODUCTIONREADING-PREREADING

1．Quittingsmokingattheageof65orolderreducesbynearlyhalfaperson'sriskofdyingfromasmoking­relateddisease.2．Theriskofdyingfromlungcancerisabout12timeshigheramongwomenwhosmokecigarettesparedwithwomenwhoneversmoke.3．Unlikemanyotherhealthconditionsordiseases,youhavetheabilitytopreventyourselffromsufferingfromsmoking­relatedillnessesordeaths.Thebenefitsofnotsmokingstartafterafewdaysofquitting.4．Womenwhosmokehavemoreheartattacks,cancersandlungproblems.5．Teenswhosmokearemorelikelythanteenswhodon'tsmoketousealcoholanddrugs.Smokingisalsorelatedtosomeotherriskybehaviours,suchasfightingandlying.6．Thethreeleadingsmoking­relatedcausesofdeathinwomenarelungcancer,heartdiseaseandchronic(慢性的)lungdisease.7．Second­handsmokecausesupto300,000lunginfections(感染)ininfants(婴幼儿)andyoungchildreneveryyear.8．Second­handsmokecausescoughing,coldsandasthma(哮喘)attacks.Fromtheabovewecanknowhowharmfulitistosmoke.Butdoyouknowtakingdrugsisveryharmfulaswell?AndIthinkyou'llbelievemeafterlearningthismoduleaboutadrugaddict—AdamRouse.Section_ⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­reading[原文呈现]Article1MynameisAdamRouse.I'm19yearsoldandIusedto①beadrug②addict③.IfirststartedusingdrugswhenIwas15.Iboughtcannabis④fromamaninthestreet.Icontinuedtobuycannabisfromthesamemanforaboutsixmonths.Oneday,heofferedmesomecrack⑤cocaine⑥.Article2Cocaineisapowerfully⑦addictive⑧drug.Somedrugusersinject⑨cocaine,otherssmokeit.Bothwaysaredangerous.Userswhoinjectthedrugarealsoinmoredanger⑩iftheyshare⑪needles⑫withotherusers.[读文清障]①usedto过去经常……，后跟动词原形。②drug/drʌg/n．；药品③addict/'ædIkt/n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子④cannabis/'kænəbIs/n．大麻⑤offersb.⑥cocaine/kəʊ'keIn/n．可卡因⑦powerful/'paʊəfl/adj.有力的；(药等)有效的⑧addictive/ə'dIktIv/adj.(药物等)上瘾的⑨inject/In'dʒekt/vt.注射⑩danger/'deIndʒə/n．危急indanger处于危急中⑪share...withsb.与某人共享……⑫needle/'niːdl/n．(注射用的)针；针管文章1我叫亚当·劳斯。我19岁，曾经是个瘾君子。15岁时我开头尝试。我从街上一个男人手中购置大麻。大约有六个月我始终从这个人手里买大麻。一天，他给了我一些强效纯可卡因。文章2可卡因是一种极简单使人上瘾的。有些使用者注射可卡因，有些那么吸入体内。两种途径都很危急。假如那些注射的人和其他使用者共用针头的话，他们会处在更大的危急中。1Crackcocaineisthemostaddictiveformofcocaine.Usersbeeaddictedto⑬crackcocainemuchmoreeasilyiftheysmokeit.Smokingallowscocainetoreach⑭thebrainveryquickly.2WhenIwentbacktothemanagain,Iwantedmorecrackcocaine.Butheaskedmeforalotofmoney.Ididn'thaveenoughmoneysohedidn'tgivemeanydrugs.Iwasinterriblepain⑮.3Thenextday,Ibrokeinto⑯ahouseandstole⑰atelevisionandavideorecorder.Itookthemtothedrugdealer⑱.Hetoldmetotakethemtoashopinanearbystreet⑲.Themanintheshopgavemesomemoney.Itookthemoneytothedrugdealerandhegavemesomemorecrackcocaine.⑬beeaddictedto对……上瘾；沉迷于，其中bee亦可用be或get替换⑭allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事⑮painn．苦痛；苦痛inpain处于苦痛中painfuladj.苦痛的；苦痛的⑯breakinto破门而入；强行闯入⑰stealvt.偷，窃steal...from...从……偷……⑱drugdealer毒贩⑲nearby/ˌnIə'baI/adj.四周的inanearbystreet是shop的定语。1强效纯可卡因是最能让人上瘾的一种可卡因。使用者假如直接吸入体内的话，会更简单上瘾。吸入的方式可以让可卡因很快进入大脑。2当我再回到那个男人那儿的时候，我想要更多的强效纯可卡因。但他向我要许多的钱。我的钱不够，所以他就不给我了。我苦痛得要命。3其次天，我闯进一户人家，偷了一台电视机和一台录像机。我把它们带给那个贩毒的人。他告知我把它们送到四周一条街的一家商店里。店里的人给了我一些钱。我把钱给了贩毒者，他又给了我一些强效纯可卡因。4Usingcocaineincreasestheuser'sheartrate⑳andbloodpressureeq\o(○,\s\up1(21)).Asaresulteq\o(○,\s\up1(22))，cocaineuserssometimeshaveheartattackseq\o(○,\s\up1(23)).Smokingcrackcocainealsocausesanti­socialeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))behaviour.5Bythistime,Iwasaddictedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))crackcocaine.IfIdidn'thaveanydrugs,Iwasinterriblepain.AndIhadtostealsomethingeverydaytopayforthedrugseq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).Oneday,thepolicetookmetothepolicestation.6Thenextday,adoctorcametoseeme.HetoldmethatIcoulddieifIdidn'tstoptakingeq\o(○,\s\up1(27))crackcocaine,soItookhisadviceeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))andstoppedimmediately.NowIworkinacentrefordrugaddicts,helpingotherstostoptakingdrugseq\o(○,\s\up1(29)).⑳heartrate心率eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))bloodpressure血压eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))asaresult结果eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))heartattack心脏病eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))anti­socialadj.反社会的Smokingcrackcocaine为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))beaddictedto对……上瘾eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))payfor支付……的费用topayforthedrugs为不定式短语作目的状语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))takeone'sadvice听某人的意见followone'sadvice听某人的意见ask(sb.)foradvice征求(某人)建议eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))helpingothers...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。4使用可卡因会加快使用者的心率并使血压上升。所以可卡因使用者有时会患心脏病。吸食强效纯可卡因还会引起反社会的行为。5到此时我已经对强效纯可卡因上了瘾。要是我不使用任何，就会难过极了。我不得不每天行窃以购置。有一天，警察把我带到了警察局。6其次天，一位医生来看我。他告知我假如我不停止吸食强效纯可卡因我就可能会死，因此我听取了他的建议，马上戒毒了。现在我在一家戒毒中心工作，关心其他人戒毒。Pre­readingPleasematchthefollowingwordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．addictiveA．adj.有力的；(药等)有成效的2．reduce B．vt.注射3．drugC．n.危急4．cancer D．adj.四周的5．cigaretteE．n.癌症6．nearbyF．n.香烟7．dangerG．n.；药品8．injectH．vt.削减，缩减9．needleI．n.(注射用的)针；针管10．powerfulJ．adj.(药物等)上瘾的1～5____________6～10____________答案：1～5JHGEF6～10DCBIALead­inMatchtheinformationwiththefollowingpictures.A．cannabisB．destroyingdrugsC．keepawayfromdrugsandcherishourlifeD．tobaccoE．cocaineF．ChinaNationalNarcoticControlmission答案：1～6DAEFBCWhile­readingFast­readingSkimthetextandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.1．Paragraph1A．Smokingcocainecancausemany2．Paragraph2B．Iwasaddictedtodrugs.3．Paragraph3C．Ihadnomoneytobuy4．Paragraph4D．Istoppedtakingcocaine.5．Paragraph5E．Abriefintroductionaboutcrackcocaine.6．Paragraph6F．Ibrokeintoahouseandstole1～6____________答案：1～6ECFABDCareful­reading(Ⅰ)Readthetextcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．WhendidAdamRousebegintousedrugs?He_began_to_use_drugs_when_he_was_15.2．WhydidAdamstealsomethingeveryday?He_stole_something_every_day_to_pay_for_the_drugs.3．Whatdoeshedonow?Now_he_works_in_a_centre_for_drug_addicts,_helping_others_to_stop_taking_drugs.(Ⅱ)Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1．Usersbeeaddictedtocrackcocainemoreeasilyiftheysmokeitbecause________.A．crackcocaineisthemostaddictiveformofcocaineB．smokingismucheasierthaninjectionC．smokingallowscocainetoreachthebrainveryquicklyD．crackcocaineismuchcheaperthanotherdrugs2．FromAdamRouse'sstory,welearnthat________.A．thoughcocaineisaddictive,youcangiveitupifyouwanttoB．cannabishasthesamedangersascrackcocaineC．onceyoubeeaddictedtodrugs,you'llnevergetawayfromthemD．AdamRousedidn'tfollowthedoctor'sadvice3．WhydidthatmanofferAdamsomecrackcocaine?A．ToseeAdaminterriblepain.B．TosendAdamtothepolicestation.C．TomakemoremoneyfromAdam.D．TofindajobinacentreforAdam.4．Thewritertellsusthedangeroftakingdrugsbymeansof________.A．introducingtheharmofcocaineB．tellinghisownterribleexperiencesC．paringcannabisandcrackcocaineD．describingthecrueltyofdrugdealers.答案：1～4CACBStudy­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Userswhoinjectthedrugarealsoinmoredangeriftheyshareneedleswithotherusers.[句式分析][尝试翻译]假如那些注射的人和其他使用者共用针头的话，他们会处在更大的危急中。2.HetoldmethatIcoulddieifIdidn'tstoptakingcrackcocaine,soItookhisadviceandstoppedimmediately.[句式分析][尝试翻译]他告知我假如我不停止吸食强效纯可卡因我就可能会死，因此我听取了他的建议，马上戒毒了。Ⅰ.阅读理解AParents,you'veworkedhardtoteachthemostimportantlifelessonstoyourlittleones.Youaskthemtosay“please〞and“thankyou〞，youremindthemtoeatwithaknifeandfork,andyounever,everletthempicktheirnoseinpublic.Butthere'soneimportantlessonthatyoumightbeforgetting—andit'snothingyoucancoverinasimpleconversation.AccordingtoanewstudyinthejournalScience,babiesreceivemorethangenetics(基因)fromtheirparents.Theycanalsogetcertaingoodqualities,suchaspersistence(坚持不懈),bywatchinghowadultsbehave.ResearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologysaythatbabieswhowatchedanadultstruggle(努力)withandthentriumph_oversomethingweremorelikelytoshowpersistencethemselveswhengivenanewtask.TheteamatMITstudied262babiesbetweentheagesof13and18months.Theyplacedtheminoneofthreesituations.Inthefirstone,theleadresearcherstruggledwithtwodifferenttoys'problemsbeforesolvingthem,lettingthebabywatchwhileshedidso.Thesecondtime,theresearchersolvedtheproblemsbutdidnotstrugglewiththem.Andforthethirdscene,shedidnotdoanything.Aftereachscene,theresearcherleftasmallmusicaltoywiththechild.Sheshowedthebabythatitcouldplaymusicbutdidnotteachthemhowtoturniton.Thebabieswhohadwatchedtheresearcherstrugglediscoveredandpressedthetoy'sbutton(按钮)amuchgreaternumberoftimesthanthoseinthelasttwogroups.Inotherwords,thebabiesdidnotcopywhattheyhadwatched;theylearnednottogiveup,instead.Now,theresearchersareinterestedinfindingwhichwaysoftalkingwithbabiesinfluencethemthemost.Theyalsohopetoknowiftheresultscanworkintherealworld,aswellaswhetherthelessonofpersistencemightlastintoadulthood.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文。讨论发觉，婴儿可以从父母那里学到坚持不懈的好品质。)1．Whatimportantlessonmightparentsforget?A．Askingtheirkidstobepolite.B．Settinganexamplefortheirkids.C．Teachingtheirkidsgoodtablemanners.D．Usingproperwordsinfrontoftheirkids.解析：选B推理推断题。依据第一段中的“it'snothingyoucancoverinasimpleconversation〞及其次段中的“Theycanalsogetcertaingoodqualities,suchaspersistence,bywatchinghowadultsbehave.〞可知，父母往往忽视的是自己以身作那么的作用。2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“triumphover〞inParagraph2mean?A．Succeedat. B．Lookat.C．Searchfor. D．Carefor.解析：选A词义猜想题。依据其次段中的“babieswhowatchedanadult...whengivenanewtask〞可知，孩子看到家长努力做一件事并获得胜利后会在接受新任务时表现出这种坚持不懈的品质。3．Whatdidthestudymainlyshow?A．Babiesfinisheddifficulttasksthroughcopying.B．Babieslearnedthevalueofpersistence.C．Kidslearnedmostfromtheirparents.D．Kidsaresmarterthanwethought.解析：选B细节理解题。依据第四段中的“Inotherwords...theylearnednottogiveup,instead.〞可知，婴儿可以通过观看学到坚持不懈的品质。4．Whatwilltheresearchersmakeanefforttodo?A．Knowtheinfluenceofsocietyonbehaviors.B．Helpparentsgetalongwiththeirkids.C．Puttheresearchresultsintopractice.D．Learnmoreaboutbabies'language.解析：选C细节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Theyalsohopetoknowiftheresultscanworkintherealworld〞可知，讨论人员盼望把讨论结果运用到实际生活中去。BDrugshaveforyearsbeenoneofthenumberonedestroyersofpeople'slives,aswellastheirfamilies.Peoplewhodothesedrugsmightnotevenrealisethatwhatthey'redoinghaschangedthelivesofnotonlythemselves,butofthepeopleclosesttothemintheirlives.Peopleondrugshaveusuallybeeaddictedbecauseofthefactthatthey'veuseddrugsinthepastandhavealwaysuseddrugstodealwiththeirproblems.Finally,theyhavenootherwaytodealwiththeirproblemsandgotootherdrugstodealwiththefeelingscausedbytheselifeproblems.Thereareseveralwaystodoawaywithdrugaddiction.Thefirststep,asI'msureyouhaveheardhundredsoftimes,istorealisethatthere'saproblem.Iftherearepeopleinyourlifetakingdrugs,you'llneedtoletthemknowthatit'shurtingmorethanjustthemselves.Onceyou'vegottenthemtorealisethis,ifpossible,you'llneedtohelpthem.You'llneedawaytoworkouttheproblemsthatpullthemtowardsdrugs,ortocreatesomethingelsethatwillkeepthesepeopleawayfromdrugs.Sometimesotherdrugsareinline.Forexample,mostheavydrinkersareaffectedbydepression(抑郁症).Over40%ofAmericansareaffectedbydepression,andover60%ofthemalepopulationofthesepeoplehaveturnedtowardsdrinkingtodealwiththeirproblemsrelatedtodepression.Thisgreatlyincreasesthechancesofabuse(虐待),aswellasmanyotherhorribleeffectsofalcohol.Whensomeonebeesaddictedtoanydrug,you'llneedtodealwithitimmediately.It'sbettertodealwiththeproblembeforeitturnsintoonewhichcannotbecontrolled.Thebestthingyoucandoforyourselfistogethelpfromanyoneelseorthepeoplewithinyourfamilybeforeyouturntoanydrugs.语篇解读：本文为说明文。文章主要警示人们要熟悉到的危害并尽早关心别人摆脱。5．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthoseaddictedtodrugs________.A．aremainlyheavydrinkersorheavysmokersB．havemoreproblemsthanotherstodealwithC．areusedtousingdrugstodealwithproblemsD．don'tknowhowtogethelpfromtheirfamilies解析：选C细节理解题。依据其次段第一句可知，对上瘾的人总是通过吸毒来解决问题，即“他们习惯了通过吸毒来解决问题〞。6．Whatshouldyoudofirsttohelpsomeonedealwithdrugaddiction?A．Lethimknowthatdrugaddictionisharmful.B．Helphimgetawayfromdepression.C．Keephimawayfromalcohol.D．Createsomethinginteresting.解析：选A细节理解题。依据第三段最终两句可知，首先要让他熟悉到毒瘾是有害的。7．Accordingtothepassage,someAmericanmenwouldliketodrinkprobablybecause________.A．theyleadahardlifeB．theyareabusedathomeC．theirchildrenarenaughtyD．theywanttodealwiththeirproblems解析：选D细节理解题。依据第五段第三句可知，有些男人饮酒是由于他们想解决与抑郁症有关的问题。8．Whatdoestheauthormainlyadviseustodointhelastparagraph?A．Bealwaysreadytohelpothers.B．Enjoythehelpfromourfamilymembers.C．Keepawayfrombadhabitsandillfeelings.D．Helpothersbreakawayfromdrugsasearlyaswecan.解析：选D细节理解题。依据最终一段中的关键词immediately和该段其次句可知，本段中作者主要建议我们尽早关心别人摆脱。CInternetaddiction(上瘾),intoday'sworld,issomonthatsomeofyoumaynotevenconsideritaddiction.WhiletheInternethaslotsofbenefits,itcanalsobadlyaffecttheusers'mindandhealth.UnderstandinghowtogetoveryourInternetaddictioncanhelpyouleadahealthylife.Developahobby.DevelopingahobbyhelpskeepyourmindofftheInternet.Infact,ifyouhaveahobby,thechancesofgettingaddictedtotheInternetreducegreatly.Learningtoplayaninstrument,painting,singing,dancing,etc.,canbeofgreathelptokeepyouinapositive(乐观的)state.Whenyouaredoingsomethingyoureallylove,yourmindbeesrelaxedandmorefocused(集中精力的).AhobbywillnotonlyhelpyougetoveryourInternetaddictionbutalsochangeyourlifeattitude.Usereferencebooks(工具书)．Thesedays,moststudentsmakeuseofInternetresourcestodohomework.However,usingready­madenotestodoyourhomeworkwillnotonlymakeyoulazyandaddictedtotheInternet,butalsostopyoufromdevelopingyouranalytical(分析的)ability.Studentsmustbeencouragedtodotheirhomeworkusingreferencebooks.TheprocessofreadingandanalyzinginformationhelpssharpentheirmindandkeepthemfromgettingaddictedtotheInternet.____________GoingtobedearlyisoneofthemosteffectivewaysofgettingoverInternetaddiction.Oncewegetintothehabitofsleepinglate,wewillsearchforthingstodoonline.Bygoingtobedearly,youcangetoverthisaddictionandkeepyourmindandbodyinahealthystate.eq\x(语篇解读：本文作者给出三条戒除网瘾的建议。)9．TheauthorbelievesthatInternetaddiction________.A．willdisappearnaturallyB．isseldomseennowadaysC．isaproblemthatcanbesolvedD．isofgreatbenefittosomepeople解析：选C细节理解题。依据文章第一段中的“UnderstandinghowtogetoveryourInternetaddictioncanhelpyouleadahealthylife.〞可知，作者认为网瘾是可以戒掉的。10．Accordingtothepassage,usingreferencebookscan________.A．helpstudentsrelaxB．savestudentsmoretimeC．improvestudents'abilityD．providestudentswithready­madenotes解析：选C推理推断题。依据作者给出的其次条建议可知，同学们在写作业时过于依靠网络不仅会让他们变得懒散，而且还会阻碍他们分析力量的开展。相反，使用工具书可以让他们的思维在查找信息和分析信息的过程中变得更加敏锐，故可以提高同学的力量。11．Whatcanbeputintotheblankinthepassage?A．Getridofbadhabits.B．Haveagoodsleepinghabit.C．Keepyourmindandbodyhealthy.D．SurftheInternetonlyinthedaytime.解析：选B段落大意题。作者在第三条建议中建议养成良好的睡眠习惯。每天早睡既可以削减上网的时间，又可以保持健康，由此可知B项是本段的段落大意。12．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．showhowtousetheInternetproperlyB．discussthebadeffectsofInternetaddictionC．explainwhypeoplehaveInternetaddictionD．giveadviceongettingoverInternetaddiction解析：选D写作意图题。本文中作者主要给出三条戒除网瘾的建议。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Findingmotivation(动机),especiallystudymotivation,isnotalwayseasy.__1__Herearesomewaysofdoingit：Offeryourselfencouragement.Yes,youshouldgiveyourselfaprizeorsomekindofrewardwhenyou'vedoneatask.__2__Remember,youhavetoknowtheexactconditions