2019年6月英语六级第二套听力原文翻译

2019年6月听力第2套Conversation1W:Hi,myname’sCathy,nicetomeetyou.女：嗨，我叫凯西，很开心认识你。M:nicetomeetyoutoo,Cathy.Myname’sJohn.I’mauniversityfriendofthebride.Whataboutyou?Whodoyouknowatthisparty?男：你好，凯西。我叫约翰。我是新娘的大学同学，你是？W:IamacolleagueofBrenda.Iwasalittlesurprisedtobeinvited,tobehonest.we’veonlybeenworkingtogetherthelastsixmonths,butwequicklybecamegoodfriends.(1)wejustwrappedupaprojectwithadifficultclientlastweek.IbetBrendaisgladit’sdonewith,andshecanfocusonweddingpreparations.M:oh,yes.soyouaretheCathyfromtheoffice.Actually,I’veheardalotaboutyouinthatproject,theclientsoundedlikearealnightmare.男：哦是吗，所以你是布兰达公司的凯西。其实我一直都听说过你的名字，那个客户听起来像个噩梦啊。W:oh,hewas,Imeanwedealwithallkindsofclientsonaregularbasis,it’spartofthejob,buthewasespeciallyparticular.Enoughaboutthat,whatlineofworkareyouin?女：是的，我们和各种各样的客户打过交道，这是我们工作的一部分，但是那个客户真是个奇葩。不说他了，你的工作是什么呀？M:well,rightoutofcollege,Iworkedinadvertisingforawhile.Recentlythough,Iturnmyphotographyhobbyintoabusiness.(2)I’llactuallybetakingphotosduringthebigeventasaweddinggift.男：毕业后，我再广告行业工作了一阵。最近呢，我准备将我的拍摄兴趣变成我的职业。我现在在婚礼里拍照，给新人作为新婚礼物。W:thatsoundswonderfulandverythoughtfulofyou.Ibake,justasahobby.(3)butBrendahasaskedmetodothecakeforthewedding.Iwasabitnervoussayingyes,becauseIamfarfromaprofessional.糕呢，我居然同意了，好紧张。我的水平太业余了。M:didyoubakethecookieshereatthepartynight?男：狂欢之夜的饼干是你做的吗？W:yes,Igottheideafromamagazine.女：是的，我从一本杂志中学来的。M:they’redelicious!You’vegotnothingtoworryabout.Youareanatural.男：太美味了！我完全不用担心。你太有天赋了。W:youreallythinkso?女：真的假的？M:ifyouhadn’ttoldmethat,Iwouldhaveguessedtheywerebaked byrestaurant.(4)youknow,withyoureventplanningexperienceyoucouldverywellopenyourownshop.划的经验，你可以开店了。W:(laughing)onestepatatime.First,I’llseehowbakingtheweddingcakegoes.Ifit’snotadisaster,maybeI’llgiveitsomemorethought.（哈哈笑）我再考虑怎么做大做强。Question1.WhatdidCathyandBrendafinishdoinglastweek?上周凯西和布兰达完成了什么事情？Aprojectwithatroublesomeclient.有着一个恼人的客户的项目。Question2.WhatisJohngoingtodoforBrenda?约翰要为布兰达做什么？Takeweddingphotos.拍结婚照。Question3.HowdidKathyfeelwhenaskedtobakethecake? 烘培蛋糕时，她的感受如何？Nervous.紧张。Question4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?男方建议女方做什么？Startherownbakery.开一家自己的烘培店。Conversation2M:youareheadingforacompletelydifferentworld.Nowthatyouareabouttograduatefromhighschool.男：你要高中毕业啦，马上要开启一个新的世界啦。W:Iknowit’stheendofhighschool.Butmanyofclassmatesaregoingontothesameuniversity,andwearestillrequiredtostudyhard.Sowhat’sthedifference?啥不同吗？M:(5)manyaspectsaredifferenthereattheuniversity.Themostimportantoneisthatyouhavetotakemoreresponsibilitiesforyouractions.It’suptoyourownself-discipline–howmucheffortyouputintostudy.Livingincollegedormitories,therearenoparentstotellyouthatstudyharderorstopwastingtime.lecturesofhundredsofstudentsandtheyarenotgoingtofollowyouuporquestionyouifyoumissthelectures.W:nobodycaresyoumean?女：意思就是没人关心我喽？M:it’snotthatnobodyconcernsaboutyou.(6)it’sjustthatsuddenlyattheuniversityyouareexpectedtobehavelikeanadult.Thatmeansconcentratingonthedirectionofyourlifeingeneralandyourownacademicperformancespecifically.男：不是这个意思，而是在大学里，你要像一个成年人一样。这意味着你要找到你人生发展方向，还有你要专注在学业上。W:forexample?女：比如？M:well,likeyouneedtomanagedaily,weeklyandmonthlyschedules,sothatyoustudyregularly.Besuretoattendallclassesandleaveenoughtimetofinishyourassignmentsandpreparewellforyourexaminations.男：比如你要自己管理你的每天，每周和每月的计划，保持稳定的学习。按时上课，安排时间完成作业，准备考试。W:ok,andwhatelseisdifferent?女：哦，还有别的地方不一样吗？M:well,incollegetherearelotsofdistractions,andyouneedtocontrolyourself.Youwillmakeinterestingfriends,(7)butyouneedtoonlykeepthefriendswhorespectyourstudents’commitments.Also,therearealotofwonderfulclubs,butyoushouldn’tallocatetoomuchtimetoclubactivities,unless(8)theyaredirectlyrelatedtoyourstudy.Itisalsoyourchoiceifyouwanttogooutatnight,butyouwillbefoolishtoletthataffectyourclassperformanceduringtheday.W:well,I’mdeterminedtodowellattheuniversityandIguessI’mgoingtohavetogrowupfast.女：我会努力在大学好好表现，我觉得在大学我会成长的很快。Question5:whatdoesthemansayaboutthecollegestudentsascomparedtohighschoolers?男方认为与高中生相比，大学生会如何？Theyhavetobemoreresponsibleforwhattheydo.他们要更为自己的行为负责。Question6:whatarecollegestudentsexpectedtodoaccordingtotheman?男方认为大学生应该做什么？Behavelikeadults.像成年人一样行事。Question7:whatkindoffriendsdoesthemansuggestthewomanthemakeasacollegestudent?男方建议女方在大学要交什么样的朋友？Thosewhorespectherstudentcommitments.那些遵守学生义务的人。Question8:whatkindsofclubactivitiesshouldcollegestudentsengageaccordingtotheman?男方认为大学生应该参加什么样的社团活动？Thoseconducivetotheiracademicstudies.对学习有益处的活动。Passage1(9)Mostsuccessfulpeopleareunorthodoxpersonswhosemindswonderoutsidetraditionalwaysofthinking.Insteadoftryingtorefineoldformulas,theyinventnewones.WhenJean-ClaudeKillymadetheFrenchnationalskiteamintheearly1960s,hewaspreparedtoworkharderthananyoneelsetobethebest.Atthecrackofdawn,hewouldrunuptheslopeswithhisskison,anunbelievablybackbreakingactivity.Intheevening,hewoulddoweightliftingandrunning.Buttheotherteammemberswereworkingashardandlongashewas.Herealizedinstinctivelythatsimplytrainingharderwouldneverbeenough.Killythenbeganchallengingthebasictheoriesofracingtechnique.许多成功人士都不走寻常路，他们的想法会与众不同。与其循规蹈矩，他们会创造规则。当基利在1960年代初法国国家滑雪队训练时，他已经做好准备比任何人都要努力做到最好。在天刚擦亮，他就会穿上装备，在坡道上训练，非常地辛苦。在晚上，他会进行举重练习和跑步。其他的队员在时间付出和努力和上他一样。他本能地意识到，仅仅比别人刻苦训练远远不够。基利便开始挑战当时的竞赛技术的基本理论。Eachweek,hewouldtrysomethingdifferenttoseeifhecouldfindabetter,fasterwaydownthemountain.(10)Hisexperimentsresultedinanewstylethatwasalmostexactlyoppositetheexacttechniqueofthetime.Itinvolvedskiingwithhislegsapartforbetterbalanceandsittingbackontheskiswhenhecametoaturn.Healsousedskipolesinanunorthodoxway--topropelhimselfasheskied.TheexplosivenewstylehelpedcutKilly'sracingtimedramatically.(11)In1966and1967,hecapturedvirtuallyeverymajorskiingtrophy.Thenextyear,hewonthreegoldmedalsintheWinterOlympics,arecordinskiracingthathasneverbeentopped.Killylearnedanimportantsecretsharedbymanycreativepeople:innovationsdon'trequiregenius,justawillingnesstoquestionthewaythingshavealwaysbeendone.每周，他会在一些方面进行创新，寻找更好更快的下滑方式。他经过实验发现了一种新的技术，而这与当时的滑雪技术完全相反。这项技术要求在过弯时把腿分开保持平衡，向后坐靠着滑雪板。他也将滑雪杆进行创新使用，用来作为滑雪时的推力。这一爆炸性的创新技术也让他滑雪时间大大缩短。在1966-1967年，他几乎囊获了所有大赛的奖杯。之后一年，他获得了冬奥会三枚金牌，创下了雪上竞速的历史，至今未被超越。基利掌握了许多创新型人才都知道的重要秘密：创新不需要天赋，而需要勇于质疑常规的精神。Question9.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutmostsuccessfulpeople? 者认为最成功的人是怎样的？Theybreakawayfromtraditionalwaysofthinking.他们不按常理思考。Question10.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutKilly'sexperiments?说话者怎么评论Killy的实验？Theyresultedinabrand-newstyleofskiingtechnique. 新的滑雪技术。Question11.WhatissaidtobeKilly'sbiggesthonorinhisskiingcareer?Killy在他的职业生涯中最大的荣誉是什么？HewonthreegoldmedalsinoneWinterOlympics. 中获得了三枚金牌。Passage2Scientificexperimentshavedemonstratedincrediblewaystokillaguineapig,asmallfurryanimal.Emotionalupsetsgeneratepowerfulanddeadlytoxicsubstances.(12)Bloodsamplestakenfrompersonsexperiencingintensefearorangerwheninjectedintoguineapigshavekilledtheminlessthantwominutes.Imaginewhatthesepoisonoussubstancescandotoyourownbody.科学实验展示了一个难以置信的杀死豚鼠（一种小的有毛动物）的方法。情感上的失落悲伤会产生可怕的有毒物质。从经历了极度害怕和愤怒的人当中提取血液样本，将其注射进豚鼠体内，两分钟内就导致豚鼠死亡。想象一下这些有毒物质对我们身体会有什么损害。(13)Everythoughtthatyouhaveaffectsyourbodychemistrywithinasplitsecond.Rememberhowyoufeelwhenyouarespeedingdownthehighwayandabigtrucksuddenlybrakestwentymetersinfrontofyou.Ashockwaveshootsthroughyourwholesystem.Yourmindproducesinstantreactionsinyourbody.你的每一个想法和念头都会立刻对你的身体产生影响。想象一下，你在高速路上开车狂奔，一辆大卡车在离你20米远处忽然刹车。一个大脑冲击波穿过了你的全身。你的大脑立即对你的身体产生反应。Thetoxicsubstancesthatfear,anger,frustrationandstressproducenotonlykillguineapigsbutkillusoffinasimilarmanner.(14)Itisimpossibletobefearful,anxious,irritatedandhealthyatthesametime.Itisnotjustdifficult,itisimpossible.Simplyput,yourbody’shealthisareflectionofyourmentalhealth.Sicknesswilloftenthenbearesultofunresolvedinnerconflictswhichintimeshowupinthebody.由于恐惧，愤怒，沮丧和压力所产生的有毒物质不仅杀死了豚鼠，也会以相同方式杀死我们。但是我们不可能同时经历这些情绪。这不是难以实现，而是不可能。简而言之，身体健康是心理健康的反映。疾病通常也是你内心里未解决的冲突情绪的结果。Itisalsofascinatinghowoursubconsciousmindshapesourhealth.Doyourecallfallingsickonadaywhenyoudidn’twanttogotoschool?Headachesbroughtonbyfear?(15)Themind-bodyconnectionissuchthatif,forexample,wewanttoavoidsomething,veryoftenoursubconsciousmindwillarrangeit.Oncewerecognizethatthesethingshappentous,wearehalfwaytodoingsomethingaboutthem.还有一件有意思的事儿，那就是潜意识也会影响健康。你是否记得当你不想去上学时，你可能刚好生病了？害怕恐惧导致头疼？身心之间的连接就是当你不想做某事时，我们的潜意识就会想办法满足你。当这些情绪来到意识层面时，我们早已对其有所作为了。Question12.Whathappenstoguineapigswhenbloodsamplesofangrypeopleareinjectedintothem当愤怒的人的血液被注入到豚鼠体内后，发生了什么？Theydiealmostinstantly.他们几乎立马断气。Question13.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouteverythoughtyouhave?说话者认为人们每次思考会有什么影响？Ithasaninstanteffectonyourbodychemistry.会立即影响人体的化学反应。Question14.Whatdoesthespeakersayisimpossible? 能？Toenjoygoodhealthwhileindarkmoods.在消极情绪中还能保持身体健康。Question15.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutourmindandbody?关于人体和心理，这篇短文如何评论？Theyarecloselyconnected.它们紧密相关。Recording1Teachersandstudentsalikehaveexperiencedthecuriousparadoxthatbeginners,asarule,tendtothinktoolittleaboutwhattheyaredoingbecausetheythinktoomuchaboutwhattheyaredoing.Takeforexamplepeoplewhoarelearningtoplaybasketballorthepiano.Theyhavetogivesomuchthoughtandattentiontothelow-levelmechanicsofhandlingtheballorfingeringthekeysorreadingthemusic,thattheyareunabletogiveanythoughttothethingthatmatters–thegame,orthemusic,respectively.Withexperts,it’sjusttheotherwayaround.Theyareopentothetacticalpossibilitiesandthemusicalchallengespreciselybecausetheyarefreed,throughskill,fromtheneedtopayattentiontothelow-leveldetailsofhowtoplay.Indeed,whentheexpertpaysattentiontothemechanics,thisisliabletodisruptperformance.老师和学生这样的群体经历过一种奇怪的悖论，那就是初学者因为过于想着他们正在做的事情而很少想着他们正在做的事情，这仿佛是一条定律。以正在学习篮球或者弹钢琴的人为例。他们过于关注低阶运球技术或者按键和朗读音乐，而使得他们不能够关注重要的事情，例如比赛，或者音乐本身。对于高手而言，他们会反过来。正是因为他们不需要关注低水平的细节或者操作方法，所以他们可以更好地接受战术策略层面的可能性和音乐上的挑战。确实，如果他们把注意力放在技术层面，他们的表现一定会受到影响。Thishasledsometosaythattheexpertoperatesinazone‘beyondthought’,inastateofflow.Butthisismisleading.Expertperformanceisnotbeyondthought.(17)Smartbasketballplayersorskilledmusiciansneedtopaycloseattentiontothedemandsofhighperformance,tothechallengestobeovercome.Whattheydon’tneedtodo–whatwouldbeadistraction–istohavetothinkaboutwheretheirfingersare,orhowtocontroltheballwhilerunning.It’snotmechanics,buttheplayitself,thatabsorbstheexperts’intelligence.Anicevideopublishedonlinelastmonthshedslighton(18)expertiseandtheconsciousmind.Thevideoreportsanewstudyusinganeye-trackingdevice.Itturnsoutthattheless-skilledpianistspendsmoretimelookingatherfingersthandoestheexpertwho,incontrast,ismorelikelytobelookingatthesheetmusic,orlookingaheadatkeyshe’snotyetplaying.Ingeneral,theexpert’sgazewascalmerandmorestable.会有人说，高手思维超脱，达到了一气呵成的境界。但是这是不对的。高手的表现并没有超脱思维。聪明的篮球手或者技术高超的音乐家会把注意力放在高水平表现的要求上，放在要克服的困难上。他们不需要去思考手往哪放，如何在跑动中控球，这些会成为干扰。高手们关注的不是技术层面而是项目本身。上个月网上有一个很棒的视频，描述了专业技能和意识思维。这个视频报导了一个新的研究，使用了一种眼睛追踪设备。发现了水平普通的钢琴手比钢琴大师花更多的时间看着自己的手指，而大师们的眼睛更多用来看乐谱或者没有在弹的键位上。总的来说，大师的眼神更加的平静且稳定。Thisisnotasurprisingfinding.Itsupportswhatwemightalmostthinkofasconventionalwisdom.Butit’sremarkableforallthat,nonetheless,theeyetrackergivesexpertandlearningperformersaglimpseintowhattheydowithoutthinkingaboutit.Thetopicofthenatureofskill–andthedifferencesbetweenbeginnersandexperts–hasbeenoneofconsiderablediscussionincognitivescienceandphilosophy.这项发现并不令人惊讶。它所支持的是我们几乎认为是常识的认知。然而，值得注意的是这个眼睛追踪器让人们知道高手和学习者在下意识里所做事情的区别。自然技能这一话题，也就是新手和老手的区别，一直是认知科学和哲学领域热门话题之一。Question16.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeginnersandexpertpianists?说话者认为新手和专业钢琴家的区别是什么？Theyfocustheirattentionondifferentthings.他们关注的事情不同。Question17.Whatdosmartbasketballplayersdoaccordingtothespeaker?聪明的篮球运动员会做什么？Theyattachgreatimportancetohighperformance.对高水平的表现很重视。Question18.Whatdowelearnaboutthenewstudypublishedinanonlinevideo?我们从线上视频发表的新研究中了解了什么？Itsupportsapieceofconventionalwisdom.它支持了常规的认知。Recording2EverysummerwhenItopupmyselectionofsummeroutfitsfromthedepartmentstores,myeyeswouldnearlypopoutofmyhead.(19)I’moverwhelmedwiththewiderangeofdifferentslimmingproductseachyear.Andmoreshockingly,theseproductsareoftenadvocatedbyveryslimmodels.HavinglivedinAsiaforalmosttenyearsnow,I’veseenvariousdietingtipscomeandgo.IrememberinJapanpeopleheadingdirectlytothefoodsectioninthesupermarketwhenthebananadietwasatitspeak.Then,therewastheblackteaandoolongteadietfollowedbythesoybeandietandthetomatojuicediet.Thelistgoesonandon.每到夏天，当我从百货大楼选购夏装时，我的眼睛几乎都要掉出来。每年各种各样的瘦身产品令人目不暇接。最令人震惊的是，这些产品都是由非常纤瘦的模特代言。我再亚洲已经生活了将近十年，我听到过各种各样的饮食建议。我记得在日本，当时香蕉饮食火热，人们一窝蜂地去超市买香蕉。之后，又兴红茶和乌龙茶膳食，之后还有黄豆膳食和番茄汁膳食，还有好多好多。Apartfromwhatpeopleeat,I’vealsoseenmanyinterestingslimmingproducts.InHongkong,I’veseengirlswrappingtheirwholebodyorbothlegsupwithaspecialtypeofslimmingtapewhichissupposedtohelpmakethemthinner.(20)ButitjustremindedmeoftheroastedhammymotherusuallyputsonthedinnertableofChristmas.Thentherewerethefaceslimmingrollersthatweresaidtoimproveyourbloodcirculationandmakeyourfacesmaller.Personally,(20)Idonotbelieveinanyoftheseslimminggadgets.AndIthinkIhaveaverydifferentperspectivewhenitcomestothedefinitionofwhatisbeautiful.Asianwomenprefertoavoidthesunbecausebeingpaleorwhiteisconsideredbeautiful,whereasatannedcomplexionisconsideredmuchmorebeautifulandsexyinthewest.(21)Itismostcertainlyshapedbyaperson’scultureaswellashowtheywereraisedintheirchildhood.Aseachsummerseasonapproaches,there’snoescapefromit.除了吃的之外，还有其他有趣的瘦身产品。在香港，我叫过女生用一种特殊的瘦身胶带把全身和双腿包裹起来，据说可以瘦身。但是这让我想到的却是我妈妈在圣诞节做的烤火腿。我还听说过瘦脸仪，据说可以提高血液循环让脸变每当夏日来临，人们的身材都将暴露无遗。Butit’snotonlywomenwhoareaffectedbythispressuretolookgood.MenaspiretobeabletoshowofftheirsixpacksortheirV-shapebacksandthere’sagrowingmarketofslimmingpillsaimedatmentoo.Ithinknomatterwhatdietswefolloworwhatslimmingproductsweobsessourselveswith,attheendofthedaythere’snomagictricktoshapeupforthesummer.Eatinabalancewayandincorporatetherightlevelofphysicalactivity,forme,thisstillseemstobethebestplan.但是不仅仅只是女性才会受到外形方面的压力。男性也渴望有六块腹肌，V型何，我们痴迷的瘦身产品是什么，到了夏天，我们的身材都会直接地展示出来。所以对我来说，平衡饮食，辅以适当的锻炼，这就是最好的计划。Question19.Whatoverwhelmsthespeakerwhenshebuyshersummeroutfitseachyear?当说话者每年去买夏装时，受到了什么冲击？Thegreatvarietyofslimmingproducts.琳琅满目的瘦身产品。Question20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofgirlswrappingtheirlegsupwithslimmingtape?当女孩用瘦身胶带把腿缠起来时，说话者如何评价？Theyappearstrange.这些女孩看起来很奇怪。Question21.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkaffectspeople’sinterpretationofbeauty?说话者认为是什么影响着人们对美的理解？Cultureandupbringing.文化和环境。Recording3Skinmayseemlikeasuperficialhumanattribute,butitisthefirstthingwenoticeaboutanyonewemeet.Asazoologistfocusingonthestudiesofapesandmonkeys,(22)I’vebeenstudyingwhyhumansevolvedtobecomethenakedape,andwhyskincomesinsomanydifferentshadesaroundtheworld.皮肤看似是一个肤浅的属性，但是人们在见面时第一个会留意的也是皮肤。我是一名研究猩猩和猴子的动物学家，我一直在研究为什么人类原来的体毛进化没了，以及为什么全世界有这么多种肤色。Wecanmakeaverygoodestimatefromthefossilrecordthathumansprobablyevolvednakedskinaroundamillionandahalfyearsago.Andmeanwhile,theymostlylosttheircoatoffur.Today,wehaveafewpatchesofhairremainingonvariouspartsofourbodies.Butcomparedwithapesandmonkeys,wehaveverylittle.Basically,weturnedourskindarkertoserveasanaturalsun-protectorintheplaceofthehairwelost.(23)Wethinkwelostthishairbecauseoftheneedtokeepourselvescool,whenweweremovingaroundvigorouslyinahotenvironment.Wecan’treallyloseheatbybreathingquicklyandloudlylikedogs.Wehavetodoitbysweating.Soweevolvedtheabilitytosweatplentifully,andlostmostofourfur.大多数人类已经没有了体毛。目前，我们身体的不同局部仍然覆盖着一些体失了。Mostanimalsprotectthemselvesfromthesunwithfur.(24)Whatwedidinourancestrywastoproducemorepermanentnaturalcoloringinourskincells.Thiswasreallyanimportantrevolutioninhumanhistory,becauseitallowedustocontinuetoevolveinequatorialenvironments.Itreal