综合英语一三课件308part

Pre-readingTaskWhatdoyouthinkmightcausemisun-derstandingincommunication?Whatfactorsareconsideredimportantinsuccessfulcommunication?

Discussthefollowingquestions.Book3-Unit8Culturalnote:HinduGodsFactorsinSuccessfulCommunicationKnowledgeofeachother’sbackgroundinformation(e.g.,whoarethey?Wherearetheyfrom?)2.Willingnessonbothpartiestonegotiatearesultfromtheconversation(e.g.,askingforclarification,offeringadditionalinformation,ormakingeffortsinvariousmeanssuchasbodylanguageofgestures,orfacialexpressions,etc.,tomakeone’smessageeasiertounderstand)3.Beingresponsivetoeachother(contributingtherequiredinformationrelevanttotheconcernsoftheotherparty,notmore,notlessinquantity)Book3-Unit8HinduGods:LordVishnuInthebasicHinduTrinityofBrahma,VishnuandShiva,theHindugodVishnuisthepreserverandprotectorofcreation.Vishnuistheembodimentofmercyandgoodness,theself-existent,all-pervadingpowerthatpreservestheuniverseandmaintainsthecosmicorderDharma.毗湿奴

又称遍入天，印度教的另一位主神，被认为是宇宙的维护者，也是同恶魔作战的尖兵，他“有四手，分握轮宝，法螺，弓箭，莲花和仙杖。骑着大鹏金翅鸟（伽楼罗），肚脐上生一莲花，上坐梵天。”传说他有一千个称号，十个化身，分别为：鱼，龟，野猪，人狮，倭人，持斧罗摩，罗摩，黑天，佛陀，迦尔基。其中迦尔基为持宝剑，骑白马的救世主，肩付着与湿婆相同的任务即毁灭旧世界，建立新世界。而著名的鳊史诗《罗摩衍那》则是以毗湿奴的化身罗摩为主面，也可以看成是一曲毗湿奴的颂歌。

Book3-Unit8AnOverviewofthe9PrincipalAvatarsofVishnuFirstincarnationofVishnu:MatsyatheFishSecondincarnationofVishnu:KurmatheTurtleThirdincarnationofVishnu:VarahatheBoarFourthincarnationofVishnu:NarasinghatheLionFifthincarnationofVishnu:VamanatheDwarfBook3-Unit8SixthincarnationofVishnu:ParasuramaSeventhincarnationofVishnu:RamEighthincarnationofVishnu:KrishnaNinthincarnationofVishnu:BuddhaTenthIncarnationofVishnu:

KalkithehorsestilltocometotheearthattheendoftheKaliyugaorthepresentageofdecline.Book3-Unit8TextSummaryTextOrganizationQuestionforDiscussionDifficultSentencesDramaComprehensionWorkBook3-Unit8TextSummaryListentothetextandfillintheblankstocompletethesummaryofthetext.Thestoryisaboutan_________between__________________and_________________inIndia,neitherofwhom______________________________.Asaresult,theAmerican’sintentionof____________________________ismisunderstoodbytheIndianasanofferto________________.encounteranoldIndianvillageranAmericantouristunderstandtheother'slanguagebuyingthestatueofahorsebuyhistwogoatsBook3-Unit8TextOrganization

FirsthalfofthestorySecondhalfofthestoryFromthebeginningtoThen,heturnedtogo.(Para.11)FromTheotherseizedhisshoulder…(Para.12)totheendTheAmericantriedtostrikeaconversationaboutthestatueofthehorseheadmired,buttheoldmanmistookhimforapoliceofficerinvestigatingarecentmurderintheneighbourhood.Bothpartiestriedtoemploydifferentmeansofcommunicationtoworkouttheother’sintention.Butthemisunderstandingcontinuedandgotworse,finallyleadingtoahilariousendingwhentheAmericanwasleftalonewaitingwithtwothingoats.

Book3-Unit81.Wheredidtheeventtakeplace?1)AmountainvillageinIndia,atthevillageentrance2)Thelocallanguage:Tamil,notEnglishasreadersmayassume1)Dowsing,notdoingmuch,orjustwatchingtwogoatsgrazeinthepasture2)Slowlife,boring,butapastoralstyle3)Notrich,poorvillageQuestionforDiscussion2.Whatwastheoldmandoingatthebeginningofthestory?Book3-Unit8ApoliceofficerDressedinKhakijacket,likeapolicemaninuniformAmurdernotlongagoinhisneighborhoodExplainingeverythingatlength,utteringeachsyllablecarefully,pausingfromtimetotime2)Smilingpolitely,tryingtobefriendly3)Causingmoremisunderstandingthansuccessfulcommunication4.HowdidtheAmericantrytomaketheoldmanunderstandhimandwhatwastheresult?3.WhatdidtheoldmantaketheAmericantouristforatthebeginning?Andwhydidhethinkso?Book3-Unit8Thehorse:asacredimage—afuturereincarnationasthetenthavatar2)Avatar——theGuardian,theRedeemer,tosavethevillagers,andpunishthewickedorevilsattheendoftheworld3)Thehorse:hopeoffutureblissandeternalhappinessforthevillagers5.Whatwasspecialaboutthehorseaccordingtotheoldman?Book3-Unit81)TheAmericanflourishedthe100-rupeenote,hiseyes,hispattingthegoatsonthebacks,etc.2)Hislong-timedreamtoexchangegoatsformoneyforhisprojectsFortheoldman:takingthegoatsawayinthatvehicleFortheAmerican:takingthehorsestatueawayinthatwagon7.WhatdidtheoldmanmeanbypointingatthewagonandwhatdidtheAmericanmeanbysayingYes,ofcourse?6.WhatmadetheoldmanbelievethattheAmericanwantedtobuyhistwogoats?Book3-Unit81)Nocommonlanguage(Languagebarrier)2)Lackofsharedinformationbetweenthem(TheAmericantouristhadnoknowledgeaboutthehorsestatue;hetookitasacommodity;buttheideaofsellingthehorsestatuewaslastthingthattheoldmanwouldthinkof.)3)Bodylanguageisausefulmeansofcommunicationinexpressingemotionssuchasanger,happiness,satisfied,orcomplacency,butverylimitedinitsinformativepowersuchasexpressingtheconceptofmurder,neighbourhood,avatar,agodcitizen,punishingtheevil,orgettinghelpforyou,etc.8.AnalyzethereasonsforthefailureofcommunicationbetweentheoldmanandtheAmericantourist.Book3-Unit8DifficultSentences在印度一个叫基瑞坦的小村庄的村口,屹立着一座魁伟的守护神。这座神像是一匹腾空跃起的骏马，它高昂着头，前蹄凌空，尾巴挥舞成圈。1.AttheentranceofthesmallIndianvillageofKiritan,therestoodamassiveguardianintheshapeofaprancinghorse,withhisheadheldhighproudly,hisforelegsintheairandhistailloopedupwithaflourish.havingtheshapeofahorsespringingupfromitshindlegs.Thehorse’stailcurledupspiritedly.Aflourishisadecorativedisplayintendedtomakepeoplenoticeit.Thehorsewasworshippedbythevillagersasaprotectorofthevillage.Massiveindicatesthatthehorsestatueisnotonlylargeinsize,butalsoheavyinweight.Hereisonemoreexample:Thenewstadiumisamassivebuilding.

Book3-Unit8接下来的谈话，双方越谈越让对方糊涂。印度人絮絮叨叨地谈论主神毗湿奴的各种化身，而美国人则为购买那尊雕像讨价还价。Theycontinuedtotalkatcrosspurposes.mystification:n.whensomeoneorsomethingconfusesyoubybeingimpossibletounderstand:

e.g.-Andthen,totheaudience'smystification,thebandsuddenlystoppedplaying.2.Aconversationleadingtomutualmystificationfollowed,withtheIndianchatteringawayaboutvariousavatarsofGodVishnuandtheAmericantryingtodriveabargainforthepurchaseofthestatue.trytogetacheaperpriceforBook3-Unit8老人现在意识到他们的谈话中牵涉进了一些金钱因素。他仔细地打量着那张纸币，这种东西他这辈子还从没见过。3.Theoldmannowrealizedthatsomefinancialelementwasenteringtheirtalk.Hepeeredcloselyatthenote,thelikeofwhichhehadneverseeninhislife.Afairlyformalusage,meaninghere“notesofthiskind/notesofsuchalargeamountofmoney”.Thissentenceindicatesthepovertyoftheoldmaninthestory.Theexpressioncanhaveanotherform…thelikesof…

Theoldmannowrealizedthattheyweretalkingaboutmoney.Book3-Unit8DramaTask1WorkwithyourpartnertoactoutthedialoguebetweentheoldmanandtheAmericantourist.SupposebothofthemcanspeakEnglishandthenyouwillseehowcomicaltheirconversationis,usingthecluesonpage121.Book3-Unit8Task2TheAmericanandtheoldIndianmantalkedatcross-purposes,i.e.theymisunderstoodandtalkedirrelevantlytoeachother.SupposeyouwerethesonordaughteroftheoldmanandunderstoodEnglish.Now,helpyourdadtocompletethedialogueonpage122sothatthetalkmakessense.Book3-Unit8A:Howdoyoudo?B:

A:Doyousmoke?…I’mfromNewYork,…haveyouheardofAmerica?B:A:Iamsureyoumustknowwhenthishorsewasmade.B:A:Pleasetrytounderstandme.Iarrivedthreeweeksagoandhavetravelledfivethousandmilessince,seeingyourwonderfulcountry.B:A:Isthisstatueyours?Willyousellittome?B:A:Willyoutakethishundredrupeenoteforthishorse?B:A:Ifthat’snotenough,IguessIcangoalittlehigher.A:AmericantouristB:theoldIndianBook3-Unit8LanguageWorkBodyLanguageInOtherWordsWorkwithSentencesAJokeBook3-Unit8Understanding&MisinterpretationTheoldmanandtheAmericanbothdependedalotonbodylanguageforcommunication.However,theyfrequentlymisinterpretedeachother.Guesstheintendedmessageandthemisinterpretationofthefollowingsentences.

(page122)BodyLanguageBook3-Unit81.Hecried,pacingslowlyaroundthestatue…heworeakhaki-colouredshirt,speakingpolitelytotheoldman.Correctunderstanding:TheIndian’sinterpretation:TheAmericantouristshowedaninterestinthestatueandwasoverwhelmedbyitsbeautyandcraftsmanship.Themaninthekhakishirtbehavedstrangely,pacingaroundthestatue,heseemedtobethinkinghardaboutsomething.Hemustbeapoliceofficer,comingtoinvestigatearecentmurderintheneighbourhood.Book3-Unit8Thered-facedmanglancedatthegoats,tookoutacigarette,andasked…Intendedmessage:TheAmericanhappenedtolookinthedirectionofthegoats.Hewasgoingtoofferacigarettetooldmantostartafriendlyconversation.Thepolicemanunderstoodthatthosetwogoatsweremyproperty,notstolenanimals.Look,he’sgoingtosmoke.Itseemshe’snotinahurrytoleaveandhe’sgoingtoquestionmeaboutthemurder.Book3-Unit8TheIndian’sinterpretation:3.“I’msureyoumustknowwhenthishorsewasmade,”saidtheAmericantourist,andsmiledingratiatingly.TheAmericantouristwastryingtobeniceandfriendlytotheoldmanbecausehewantedtogetmoreinformationoutofhim.Thepolicemanprobablyhadnomoredoubtsaboutmeconcerningthemurder.Intendedmessage:Book3-Unit8TheIndian’sinterpretation:4.Hedrewfromhiswalletahundredrupeenote.TheAmericantouristwasmakingtheIndiananofferforthestatue.Thepolicemanwantedtochangealargenote.Intendedmessage:Book3-Unit8TheIndian’sinterpretation:5.Hepeeredcloselyatthenote…Withagrin,hetoldthemantogo…TheAmerican’sinterpretation:Theoldmanthoughtitfunnythatpeopleshouldexpectapoormanlikehimtobeabletochangealargenote.Theoldmanthoughtonehundredrupeeswasnotenough.Hewastryingtogetabetterbargain.Intendedmessage:Book3-Unit86.Theoldmansaid,withhiseyestravellingtohisgoats.Hemightlookedathisgoatsbychance,orhemightdoitwhenherememberedjustthenhowmuchthevillageheadmandislikedhimandhisanimals.Theoldmanseemedtolovehispets.Perhapsitwouldbegoodpolicytoshowaninterestintheoldman’sgoats.Intendedmessage:TheAmerican’sinterpretation:Book3-Unit87.Hewentuptothemcasuallyandstrokedtheirbacks.TheIndian’sinterpretation:Hewantedtoshowtheoldmanthathealsolovedhisgoats.Theforeignershowedaninterestinmygoats.Oh,yes.Hewantedtobuythem.Intendedmessage:Book3-Unit88.Theoldmanpointedatthestationwagon...TheIndianwantedtoknowiftheAmericanwasgoingtoshipthegoatshomeinthatvehicle.TheoldmanwasaskingifIwasgoingtoshipthestatuehomeinthevehicle.Intendedmessage:TheAmerican’sinterpretation:Book3-Unit89.Sosaying,hebroughthispalmstogetherinsalute,turnedround,andwassoonoutofsight.Theoldmanwasgratefulforthisforeignerwhohelpedhimtomakehisdreamcometrue.Hewentawayquicklybecausehewasafraidthegoatsmightfollowhim.Ifthathappened,hewouldnotgetthemoneyheneeded.Theoldmanwasgratefulforthemoneyandhadgonetogetsomehelptomovetheheavystatueintomyvehicle.Intendedmessage:TheAmerican’sinterpretation:Book3-Unit8InOtherWordsPutthefollowingexpressionsfromthetextintheblanks.(page123:B)Theoldcastlewassurroundedby___________walls.I’msorryto________you,butcouldyoutellmehowthismachineworks?Thegirlweptand________untilhermotheragreedtodoasshewished.Cowsare________tomanyIndianpeople.Theretirededitorneededalotof_______tostartupanewnewspaper.Themillionaire________tohisgrandchildrenthestoryofhissuccess.Themiddle-agedemployeealwaysspoketohisbossinan__________mannerandwaslookeddownonbyhiscolleagues.Oneshouldbe________whentalkingaboutotherpeople’sreligiousbeliefs.pleadrespectfulcapitaldisturbmassiverelatepleadedrelatedsacredingratiatingClickthe

wordBook3-Unit8WorkwithSentencesRewritethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsbelow(page124:C)getoutofsight reactto referto dawnonpace(v.)atthethoughtof makeoneanofferfor soundpolicytodo...Thefathersuddenlyrealizedthathissonwaslyingtohim.Theforeignerofferedtobuytheoldjarandtheoldwomanfoundherselfunabletorefuse.Theboyrespondedtohisteacher’scriticismbyturninghisbackontheteacher.Theprisonerfeltveryregretfulwhenhethoughtofhispast.Itsuddenlydawnedon