英语外研版大一轮复习课后练习必修三Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaWord版含解析

eq\a\vs4\al()课后双卷·练透提能得分点A卷单元语基巩固卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Howlongdoyouthinkthetwocountrieswillbeatwarwitheachother?2．Heorderedallthestudentstowear(wear)theirspecialclothesduringthemilitarytraining.3．Learningtoreadandwriteopensthedoortoabetterjobandbetterlivingconditions(condition).4．NowIhavetwochildren，andI'dliketothinkwearebringingthemupinthesamewaythatDadraisedme.5．Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwhich/thatwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.6．Hebrought(bring)uphisdaughteringreatstrictness.7．Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.8．Thereasonwhyhediedyoungwasthathepaidnoattentiontohishealth.9．Therewasatimewhenthingswererough，butImanagedtosurvivethatperiod.10．NobodyknowswhyJackresignedfromoffice，forhedidagoodjobinthecompany.Ⅱ.选词填空agreewith;becomeinterestedin;forthefirsttime;morethanLiHua1.becameinterestedinEnglishwhenhebegantolearnit2.forthefirsttime．Nowhehaslearned3.morethan3，000Englishwords，andoncegotthefirstprizeinanEnglishcompetition.I4.agreewithhisopinionthatinterestisthebestmotivation.beatwarwith;bringup;asenseofresponsibility;beproudofHeusedto5.beproudofhishometown，abeautifulvillagewherehewasbornand6.broughtup．Nowhiscountry7.isatwarwithitsneighboringcountry，sohehastoleavehishometownforaliving.Althoughheisamanwith8.asenseofresponsibility，heisatalosswhattodoforhishometown.Ⅲ.完成句子1．毫无疑问，不是她所说的话，而是她说话的方式伤害了布鲁斯。Thereisnodoubtthatitwasnotwhatshesaidbuttheway(that/inwhich)shespoketoBrucethathurthim.2．北京人口比济南人口多得多。ThepopulationofBeijingismuchlargerthanthatofJinan．3．你绝不应该放弃你的梦想。Onnoconditionshouldyougiveupyourdream.4．那是一段我们中国人不得不使用国外进口石油的时期。ThatwasatimewhenweChinesehadtouseoilimportedfromforeigncountries.5．医生要求我休息一个月。ThedoctororderedthatI(should)takearestforamonth.6．事实上，当谈到战争的艺术时，蚂蚁是无与伦比的。Infact，whenitcomestotheartofwar，antshavenoequal/arewithoutequal．Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文完成片段作文词汇句式升级①IknowthatyoulikeChinesehistory，andIeq\o(□,\s\up1(1))amproudofit(对此觉得很自豪).Therearealotofeq\o(□,\s\up1(2))philosophers，thinkersandinventors(哲学家、思想家和发明家)inancientChina.②AsfarasI'mconcerned，myfavouritefigureinChinesehistoryisZhangHeng，becausehewasanexcellentinventor.Bornin78AD，hewasraisedinabigfamily.Duringhislife，hehadeq\o(□,\s\up1(3))manyinfluentialinventions(许多具有影响力的发明)，includingthefamousseismograph.Inconclusionheeq\o(□,\s\up1(4))madegreatcontributionsto(做出巨大的贡献)thedevelopmentofscienceandhumansociety.1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词(1)like→areinterestedin(2)excellent→unequaled(3)raised→broughtup2．按要求改写句式(1)用分词作状语改写句①KnowingthatyouareinterestedinChinesehistory，Iamproudofit.(2)用thereasonwhy...isthat...改写句②AsfarasI'mconcerned，thereasonwhymyfavouritefigureinChinesehistoryisZhangHengisthathewasanunequaledinventor.B卷高考题型组合卷Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型应用文主题语境人与社会——社会生活——买机票的建议(2020·广州市高三调研)Ifyou'llbetakingvacationtimeinthecomingyearandplanonflying，herearesomeusefultipsforbuyingacheapticket.WhentobuyIfyou'regoingtobuyticketsfordomesticflights，checkpricesonTuesdayafternoons.ThisisanoldtipbutstillusefulbecausemostcontinuetoreleasesalesonTuesdaymorning，andcompetitorsquicklydroptheirfarestomatchthebetterdeals.WhentoflyWeekdayscontinuetobegenerallycheapertimestoflythanweekendsformostflights.IntheU．S.，thecheapestdaysaretypicallyTuesday，WednesdayandSaturday.Agooditinerary(旅行计划)fortheexpensiveU．S.springbreaktravelperiodisscheduledfromTuesdaytoSaturday；itwillsaveyoumoney(inmostcases).WheretoflyWecontinuetoseegooddealstoBostonandDenverandmoreandmorenicepricestoChicago，SeattleandWashington，forEurope，therehavebeensurprisingdealsthroughoutthefallandthosewillcontinueintothewinter.DirectflightsVSconnectingflightsComparethepriceofdirectflightswiththatofconnectingflights.Sometimesaddingastoptoyourroutewillsaveyoumoney，anditmightbeenoughtoenduretheextralongflyingday.Anexample：SanFranciscotoRaleigh:$553foradirectflight,$362withonestop.You'dbetterthinktwiceaboutthedirectflightforSanFranciscotoCompare，compare，compareStifletheimpulsetogotoyourfavoriteairlinesitetopurchaseticketswithoutdoinganycomparison.Example：Let'ssayyouwanttoflyfromNewYorktoLondonandfigureyourfavoriteU．S.legacycarrierwillgetyouthereforthebestprice—$554foraroundtrip.However，thecomparisonsitealsoshowsacheaperflightfromthesamelegacycarrier($521).Seewhatyou'remissingwhenyoufailtodocomparison?文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。本文为乘飞机旅行的游客提供了一些有用的购买便宜机票的建议，包括注意购买的时间、出行时间、旅行目的地等。1．WhencanyoupossiblyfindthebestpriceforflightswithintheU．S.?A．OnMondaymorning.B．OnThursdayafternoon.C．OnTuesdaymorning.D．OnSundaymorning.解析：C考查细节理解。根据Whentofly部分的第二句可知，在美国，买机票最便宜的日子通常是星期二、星期三和星期六，故C项正确。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“Stifletheimpulse”probablymean?A．Feelfreetodosomething.B．Suppressthedesiretodosomething.C．Getwellpreparedforsomething.D．Makeaquickdecisiononsomething.解析：B考查词义猜测。根据画线短语所在部分的小标题可知，该部分是建议游客买机票时要做比较，并结合画线短语所在句可知，此句是说抑制住你不做任何比较就去你最喜欢的航空公司网站买机票的冲动。B项意为“抑制住做某事的欲望”，故B项符合文意。3．Whoisthetextintendedfor?A．Thosewhousuallychoosefirstclassfortheirflights.B．Thosewhowanttofindsuggestionsonwheretofly.C．Thosewhoaretravellingduringthespringbreak.D．Thosewhoarelookingforthebestairlineticketprices.解析：D考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，如果你明年要休假并打算乘飞机旅行，这里有一些有用的购买便宜机票的建议，故可推知，本文是写给那些寻找最佳机票价格的人，故D项正确。B语篇类型议论文主题语境人与社会——科学——科学是值得信任的(2020·武汉市高中质量检测)Forseveraldecades，therehasbeenanextensiveandorganizedcampaignintendedtogeneratedistrustinscience，fundedbythosewhoseinterestsandideologiesarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse，scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall，scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings.Stressingsuccessesisn'twrong，butformanypeopleit'snotpersuasive.Analternativeanswertothequestion“Whytrustscience？”isthatscientistsusetheso­calledscientificmethod.Ifyou'vegotahighschoolsciencetextbooklyingaround，you'llprobablyfindthatanswerinit.Butwhatistypicallythoughttobethescientificmethod—developahypothesis(假设)，thendesignanexperimenttotestit—isn'twhatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented；oldonesgetabandoned；andsometimes，scientistscanbefounddoingmanydifferentthings.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificmethod，thenwhatisthereasonfortrustinscience?Theanswerishowthoseclaimsareevaluated.Thecommonelementinmodernscience，regardlessofthespecificfieldortheparticularmethodsbeingused，isthestrictscrutiny(认真彻底的审查)ofclaims.It'sthistough，sustainedprocessthatworkstomakesurefaultyclaimsarerejected.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalengthy“peerreview”becausethereviewersareexpertsinthesamefieldwhohaveboththerightandtheobligation(责任)tofindfaults.Akeyaspectofscientificjudgmentisthatitisdonecollectively.Noclaimgetsaccepteduntilithasbeenvettedbydozens，ifnothundreds，ofheads.Inareasthathavebeencontested，likeclimatescienceandvaccinesafety，it'sthousands.Thisiswhywearegenerallyjustifiedinnotworryingtoomuchifasinglescientist，evenaveryfamousone，disagreeswiththeclaim.Andthisiswhydiversityinscience—themorepeoplelookingataclaimfromdifferentangles—isimportant.Doesthisprocessevergowrong?Ofcourse.Scientistsarehumans.Thereisalwaysthepossibilityofrevisingaclaimonthebasisofnewevidence.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldnottrustsciencebecausescientistsare“alwayschangingtheirminds”．Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefarfewer，theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocessisthatitexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxical(自相矛盾的)：thatscienceproducesbothnoveltyandstability.Scientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofnewevidence，butthisisastrengthofscience，notaweakness.文章大意：尽管在过去的几十年有人质疑科学，但科学以其动态的研究方法、严格的审查制度、集体的智慧论断和与时俱进的态度值得人们信任。4．Howdoestheauthorthinkofthescientificmethod?A．Stable. B．Unreliable.C．Dynamic. D．Unrealistic.解析：C考查观点态度。根据第二段中的“Scienceisdynamic：newmethodsgetinvented；oldonesgetabandoned”可知，作者认为科学方法在不断更新，是处于动态变化中的，故选C。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vetted”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Explained. B．Examined.C．Repeated. D．Released.解析：B考查词义猜测。根据第三段尾句可知，一个科学论断在被接受为正确的之前要经历漫长的“同行评审”，并结合第四段第一句可推知，画线词所在句表示科学论断只有在经过很多人审查之后才能被接受，由此可推知，画线词的含义与B项词义最为接近，故选B。6．Accordingtothepassage，theauthormayagreethat．A．itisnotpersuasivetorejectthosefaultyclaimsB．settledsciencetendstobecollectivelyoverturnedC．aleadingexpertcannotplayadecisiveroleinscrutinyD．diversityinknowledgeisthecommonelementinscience解析：C考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Thisiswhywearegenerallyjustifiedinnotworryingtoomuchifasinglescientist，evenaveryfamousone，disagreeswiththeclaim.”可推知，单个知名科学家在科学论断的审查过程中并不能发挥决定性的作用，故选C。7．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PutYourFaithinScienceB．DefendtheTruthinScienceC．ApplyYourMindtoScienceD．ExploreaDynamicWaytoScience解析：A考查标题判断。作者在第一段以过去几十年人们对科学的怀疑引出话题，随即表明了论点“scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings”，接着第二至五段提出论据支撑了这一论点，以此来呼吁人们要信任科学，所以A选项最适合作文章标题。【词汇积累】generatev．产生，引起ideologyn．意识形态inresponse作为回应dynamicadj.动态的identifyv．确认，认出→identifiableadj.可识别的faultn．过错→faultyadj.错误的lengthn．长度→lengthyadj.漫长的，冗长的bejustifiedindoingsth.做某事有正当理由的onthebasisofsth.因为某事物，在某事物的基础上overturnv．推翻Ⅱ.完形填空语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我——个人经历——朋友的帮助(2020·石家庄高三摸底)DuringhisfreshmanyearatColumbiaUniversity，SanfordGreenbergstoodoncampuswithhisclassmateArthurGarfunkel.“Sanford，lookatthe1．Youseethecolors?Theshapes？”Arthurasked.Sanfordwas2，becauseotherguystalkedabouttripsandsports，butArthurwantedtotalkaboutgrass.Wastherea3guyoncampusthanSanford?Herehewas，apoorkidfromBuffalo，NewYorkonafullscholarship，takingclassesfrommasterssuchasphysicistLeonLedermanandpoetMarkVanDoren.Butin1960，Sanford'sfortunes4．Hewasplayingbaseballwhensuddenlyhecouldn't5veryclearly.Hehadto6onthegrassuntilhiseyesightreturned.Atfirsthedidn'tbelieveitwasanything7．ButwhenSanfordwentbacktoBuffalo，8theretoldhimhehadaveryseriouseyedisease.Theyoperatedonhiseyes，huthewasstillgoing9．Hewassosadthathe10tomeetanyonefromcollege.However，Arthur11SanfordtogobacktostudyatColumbia.InSeptember1961，Sanfordreturnedtocampus.Buthewas12aboutgettingaroundaloneanddependedonArthurtohelphim.Then，oneafternoon，SanfordandArthurwenttoManhattan.Whenitwastimetogobacktothe13，Arthursaidhehadanimportantmeetingandcouldn'tgowithSanford.They14forthefirsttime，andArthurwalkedoff，leavingSanfordalone.IttookSanfordalongtimetogetbacktoschool.Butashearrivedattheuniversitygate，someonealmost15him.“Sorry，sir.”Sanfordknewthe16．ItwasArthur's.Sanfordwasangryatfirst，butthenhe17whatArthurhaddone.“Itwasoneofthemost18ideas，”Sanfordsaid.“Arthur，ofcourse，hadbeen19methewholeway.”Aftergraduationwithgreater20thanothers，SanfordgothisMBAfromColumbiaandaHarvardandwentontobecomeasuccessfulinventorandbusinessman.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。桑福德在上大学期间突然患上了严重的眼疾，之后他拒绝见大学的任何人；后来在朋友亚瑟的鼓励下，他重新回到校园学习。但回校后，他不敢独自一人出行，而是依赖亚瑟的帮助。有一次，亚瑟想出了一个主意，让桑福德能独自走回学校。结果证明亚瑟的主意很有用。后来桑福德成了一名成功的发明家和商人。1．A.clouds B．grassC．trees D．baseball解析：B根据下文中的“Arthurwantedtotalkaboutgrass”可知，亚瑟想要谈论的是草；据此可知，他让桑福德看草。2．A.excited B．disappointedC．surprised D．worried解析：C空后表述其他人都在谈论旅行和运动，而亚瑟却想谈论草，据此可推知，这让桑福德觉得很奇怪。surprised“觉得奇怪的”。3．A.luckier B．friendlierC．smarter D．kinder解析：A根据空后一句可知，桑福德是一个来自纽约州布法罗的穷孩子，但拿着全额奖学金，上着大师们的课。据此可知，此处表示“还有比桑福德更幸运的人吗？”。4．A.improved B．remainedC．arrived D．changed解析：D根据上文表述的桑福德很幸运和下文表述的桑福德患上了严重的眼疾可推知，此处表示桑福德的命运发生了改变。5．A.hear B．smellC．see D．speak解析：C根据下文中的“untilhiseyesightreturned”可知，在打棒球时，桑福德突然看不清东西了，他只好躺在草地上，直到视力恢复。6．A.liedown B．jumpupC．walkaway D．runalong解析：A参见上题解析。A项意为“躺下”，故A项正确。7．A.difficult B．seriousC．new D．usual解析：B根据下文中的“But”“averyseriouseyedisease”，并结合该句中的“Atfirsthedidn'tbelieve”可知，开始他认为这不是什么严重的问题。8．A.teachers B．friendsC．relatives D．doctors解析：D根据语境并结合常识可知，当桑福德回到布法罗的时候，那里的医生告诉他，他得了一种非常严重的眼疾。9．A.blind B．deafC．wrong D．crazy解析：A根据语境和空后一句表述的他如此难过以至于他拒绝(refused)见大学的人可知，尽管他的眼睛进行了手术，但是他还是会失明(blind)。10．A.planned B．forgotC．refused D．wished解析