2022年甘肃省兰州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022年甘肃省兰州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Mostprobablytheword"intrusive"means______.

2.

AccordingtoPara3,______perpersonoftheearth'ssurfacecanbeusedtoproducefood.

3.

Norawassosuretheywouldgetthefiftypoundsthatshehadalreadyspentit______.

4.

Thedevelopmentoftechnologyisspeedingupthepaceofchangesintheworkplace.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

______oftenresultsfromworkingforanorganization.

6.Manycompaniesencouragetheiremployeesto______withIBMoneofthem.

7.

Accordingtotheauthor,iftheanimalsareabletospeak,theycanlaugh.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

AccordingtoLegato,prescriptiondrugshaveplayedanimportantroleintheextensionoflifeexpectancysince______.

9.

Generallyspeaking,therearetwodestructivetsunamiseveryyeararoundtheworld.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

TheauthordefinesanidealasPlatonicwhen

A.ittriestochangetheworld

B.itisnotperfect

C.itisnotcompatiblewiththereality

D.itmatchestherealworld

11.HeartheMusic,AvoidtheMashPit

ArtistsFindTheirAudienceOnline

MusicianSuzanneVegagotherstartintheNewYorkfolkscene,butnowthe1980sstarhasfoundafollowingincyberspace.Withfilehelpofsomeprogrammers,Vegacreateda3Danimatedimageofherself,calledanavatar(化身),andsherecentlyperformedinsideaworldaccessibleonlythroughawebsite,whereotherpeoplerepresentedbyavatarsattendedtheconcert,streamedlivetocomputersailovertheglobe.

AsVegastrummed(弹奏)herguitarinsidearealstudio,about100luckyfanssatattheircomputersandguidedtheiravatarsintotheonlinesceneofanoutdoor'amphitheater,whereVega'savatar-youthful-lookingwithshorthairandbangs-appearedonstage.Whenthereal-worldartistplayedandsang,heronlinealterego(另一个我)didthesame,thoughtheavatar'slipsdidnotmove.Fansheardtheconcertontheircomputerspeakersandcommandedtheiravatarstosmileormovetothemusic.

Later,Vegaansweredaudiencequestions,sentasinstantmessagesvisibletoeveryoneinattendance.

TheAug.3event,organizedbyapublicradioprogram,wasoneofthefirstattemptsbyamajorartisttointeractwithfansinacompletelycomputer-fabricatedworld.

"Theresponsewasterrific!Iamstillhearingfrompeoplewhowereintheroom,friendsoffriendsandpeopleallovertheworldwhowerethere,"Vegasaidinane-mail,notingthatshetookanactiveroleinpickingoutthemaroonblouse,blackcardiganandwhitetennisshoesheravatarwore.

Marketingandrecordlabelexecutivessaywebsitesthatputusersintovideo—game—likevirtualworldsareauniquewaytoreachouttoaudiences,whoaxeincreasinglyspendingtheirtimeandmoneyonthecomputerinsteadofatconcertsandmusicstores.Althoughstillexperimental,suchsitesofferfansmorewaystointeractwithoneanotherandbandmembersdirectly.

The1980sbandDuranDuranhasreunitedandplanstoperform.aliveconcertlaterthismonthonSecondLife,theworldwhereVegaperformed,onitsownvirtualisland.Afewmonthsago,singerandpianistReginaSpektorbuiltfourvirtualManhattanloftswherefanscouldwalkaround,hangoutandlistentostreamingmusicfromhernewalbumamonthbeforeitwasreleased.Evenfansaretakingpart:AgroupoffriendscreatedavatarsofthebandU2andhasputonseveralvirtualconcerts,usingmusicfromtheband'srealshowsandmimickingeverydetail,downtoleadsingerBono'shairstyle,sunglassesandclothing.

Other,lesser-knownbandsandmusicianswhotypicallyhaveusedsocialnetworkingsiteMyStobuildafollowingarealsoturninguponSecondLifeandothervirtualworlds,suchasT,toshowcasetheirmusic.

"AvirtualworldbringssomethingtothetablethataWebsitedoesn't-it'sbuildingamoreimmersiveexperienceYoukindofloseyourselfinit,"saidEthanKaplan,directoroftechnologyforWarnerBros.Records,whosaidhehasplayedaroundwithSecondLifeforyears."It'sreallycoolandalotmorefunandcreativethanjustputtingaMySpacepageup."

Musiciansareincreasinglyusingthevirtualworldtoholdliveconcerts,atspecifictimesanddates,orlisteningloungeswheretheirmusicplayswhenanavatarpaysavisit.Thevirtualworldprovidesarichandcolorfulenvironmentsimilartocomputeranimatedfilmslike"ToyStory,"onlyanotchlesssophisticated.

Userscontroltheiravatarsbyclickingonarrowsormovingthemouse,butthemovementandappearanceseemahitslowattimes.Unliketherealworld,though,avatarscanflyaroundorbeam(发射)themselvesinstantlyfrombeachtourbanenvironment.SevvyavatarscanevenrecordanexperienceonSecondLi

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Theharmtheelectromagneticradiationdoestopeople'shealthisasgreatasorevengreaterthanthatcigarettesmokingdoes.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Policemen,firemenandemergencydoctorsallcanbecalledfirstresponders.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

______wouldremindthetouristsoftheuntimelydeathofamodemU.S.president.

15.

Traditionalstrategyofmakingoneselfadvertisedmaysometimesbringunexpectednegativeeffectsapartfromhighcost.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Thehighertheheightfromtheground,thehigherthewindspeed.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Mothers'gettingolderand______couldalsoaccountfortheobesityepidemic.

18.IfsomebodywhoisstillalivereceivesaphonecallfromChina,thiscallisverypossiblydialedby______.

19.

Scientistshaveexertedgreateffortstosearchotherplanetsforanylifeforms.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.BoeingandWhirlpool,meanwhile,areworkingtomeetemissionsreductiontargetseventhough______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

听力原文：Microsoftisawell-knowncorporationanditsmainproductissoftware.ThemanwhowillsoonbecomeMicrosoft'snewchiefexecutiveofficer,SteveBallmer,saidonThursdaythatitwouldbe"absolutelyrecklessandirresponsible"tobreakupthemassivesoftwarefirm."Ithinkitwouldbeabsolutelyrecklessandirresponsibleforanyonetotrytobreakupthiscompany,"BallmersaidatanewsconferenceafterChairmanBillGatesintroducedhimasthenewCEO.ThecompanyisinthemiddleofnegotiationswiththeUSGovernmentinalandmarkantitrustcase.ThegovernmentfavorsbreakingupMicrosoftCorp.,bestknownforcreatingWindowscomputeroperatingsystems.Abreak-upwouldsettlethecase,peoplefamiliarwiththemediationtalkstakingplaceinChicagohavesaid.Detailsoftheapproachbeingtakenbythegovernmentremainfluidandunclear,sourcessaid.ButBallmerandGatessaidthatonlyaunifiedcompanyabletodeliveracross-the-boardsolutionscouldadd"realvalue".Whenbeingaskedwhathethoughtaboutbreakingupthecompany,Gatesreplied,"I'msurprisedpeoplecankeepastraightfacewhentheysaythatwouldbeproperthingtodo."AfterBallmer'sstatement,aJusticeDepartmentspokespersoninWashington,D.C.declinedtostatethegovernment'sview."Becauseofthecurrentpostureofthecase，itwouldbeinappropriateforustodebatethemeritsofanyparticularremedy,"saidthespokesperson,GinaTalamona

Microsoftisawell-knowncorporationanditsmainproductissoftware.ThemanwhowillsoonbecomeMicrosoft'snewchief【B1】______officer,SteveBallmer,saidonThursdaythatitwouldbe"【B2】______recklessandirresponsible"tobreakupthemassive【B3】______firm."Ithinkitwouldbeabsolutelyrecklessand【B4】______foranyonetotrytobreakupthiscompany,"Ballmersaidatanews【B5】______afterChairmanBillGatesintroducedhimasthenewCEO.Thecompanyisinthemiddleof【B6】______withtheUSGovernmentina【B7】______antitrustcase.ThegovernmentfavorsbreakingupMicrosoftCorp.,bestknownforcreatingWindowscomputeroperatingsystems.Abreak-upwouldsettlethecase,people【B8】______withthemediationtalkstakingplaceinChicagohavesaid.【B9】______,sourcessaid.ButBallmerandGatessaidthatonlyaunifiedcompanyabletodeliveracross-the-boardsolutionscouldadd"realvalue".Whenbeingaskedwhathethoughtaboutbreakingupthecompany,Gatesreplied,"【B10】______."AfterBallmer'sstatement,aJusticeDepartmentspokespersoninWashington,D.C.declinedtostatethegovernment'sview."【B11】______,"saidthespokesperson,GinaTalamona.

【B1】

22.听力原文：W:Davetoldmehehadhad10paperspublishedthisyear.Isthattrue?

M:YouhavetotakewhatDavesayswithagrainofsalt.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(15)

A.Thewomanshouldn'tbelieveeverythingDavetellsher.

B.Thewomanshouldn'tletDavegetthebestofher.

C.Daveisnotseriouswiththewoman.

D.Daveisalwaystruetohiswords.

23.(31)

A.ChineseWeddingCustoms.

B.TheRedWeddingDress.

C.DifferentWeddingCustomsbetweenChinaandAmerica.

D.Never-to-be-forgottenOldDays.

24.(39)

25.听力原文：W:Didyouseethedoctorthismorning,dear?Whatdidheprescribeforyou?

M:Well,hesaidtherewasnoneedtotakeanymedicineifIkepthealthydietandregularexercises.

Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?

(16)

A.Nothingcouldhelpthemanifhedidnoexercises.

B.Nomedicinecouldsolvetheman'sproblem.

C.Themanshouldeatmoreanddomoreexercises.

D.Rightfoodandproperexercisesareimportantfortheman'shealth.

26.(19)

A.Theyareplayinginthepark.

B.Thewomanisaskingthewaytothepark.

C.Themanisseeingthewomanoff.

D.Theyaregoingtovisitthepark.

27.听力原文：Objectsthatarevibratingmakesounds．Rhythmicsoundvibrationsproducesoundwaveswhichtravelineverydirection．Thefrequencyofasoundisthenumberofwavesthatpassagivenpointeachsecond．Themorerapidlyanobjectvibrates，thegreaterthefrequencyofsounditmakes．Frequencyismeasuredinhertz．Onehertzequalsonesoundwavepersecond．Thefrequencyofsounddeterminesthedegreeofhighnessorlownessofthesound．Ahigh-pitchedsoundhasahigherfrequencythanalow-pitchedsound．Humanshearsoundsthathavefrequenciesfromabout20hertzto20,000hertz。Soundwithafrequencyhigherthan20,000hertziscalledultrasoundwhichistoohigh-pitchedforhumanstohear．However，manyanimalscanhearultra-sound．Batscanhearhighersoundsthananyotheranimal．Somecanhearupto210,000hertz．Batssendoutlotsofhigh-pitchedsqueaksandthenlistentotheechoesbouncingoffthingslikeinsects．Theshorterthetimeintervalbetweenthesqueakandtheecho，theclosertheyaretotheinsect．Usingsoundtofindor“see”thingsiscalledecholocation．Anotheranimalthatusesultrasoundisthedolphin．Dolphinscanhearsoundsuptoabout150,000hertz．Dolphinsusesoundwavestofindfoodunderwater．Theymakeclickingsoundsthathitwhateverisaroundthemandthenbouncehacktothedolphins．Dolphinscansendasmanyas2,000clickspersecond．Dolphins'ultrasoundabilityissosensitivethattheycandetectsmallfishfrom10feetaway．

(30)

A.Thequickeritvibrates,thegreaterthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

B.Thesloweritvibrates,thehigherthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

C.Thequickeritvibrates,thelowerthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

D.Thefrequencyofsounditproducesisnotinproportiontothespeeditvibrates.

28.(14)

A.Shethinksthepriceistoohigh.

B.Shethinksthepriceisquitenormal.

C.Shethinksthepricecouldbecheaper.

D.Shethinksthepriceisreallylow.

29.(40)

30.(22)

A.HewillbesingingtraditionalEnglishsongs.

B.Hewillbetalkingtohisprofessor.

C.HewillbeonhiswaytoanEnglishclub.

D.Hewillbepractisinghislisteningskills.

31.

【B11】

32.听力原文：W:Stevecalledtoseewhetherwecangivehimalifttothebeachthisweekend.

M:Well,I'llseetothat,butwhetherornotwe'llhaveanyroomforhimisunclear.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(18)

A.HewillseeStevesoon.

B.Heisafraidtheweatherwillnotbeclear.

C.Heisnotsureiftherewillbeenoughspace.

D.HeisnotsureifhecanfindaroomforSteve.

33.(25)

A.Theystayathomelongerthanbefore.

B.TheyhavemorefriendsontheInternet.

C.TheygivetoomuchtimetotheInternet.

D.Theyhavelessface-to-faceconversationsthanbefore.

34.听力原文：M:IjustheardMaryisinhospital.Whathappenedtoher?

W:Sheslippedonthestairsthismorning.Butthedoctorsaidtheinjurywasamildone.

WhatdoesthewomanknowaboutMary?.

(15)

A.Maryisafraidofclimbingstairs.

B.Maryhatesgoingtothehospital.

C.Marydoesn'tbelievethedoctor.

D.Maryisnotseriouslyhurt.

35.听力原文：W：Areyoustillplanningtogototheconcert?Yoursecretarygavemeacallthatyoumustbebusythesedays.

M：YoubetIam.IamsoeagertotakeapartthatthistimeIwon'tmissit.

Q：Whatdoesthemansayabouttheconcert?

(14)

A.He'llgoifthewomangoestoo.

B.Hedoubtsifhe'llbeabletogo.

C.He'stootiredtogo.

D.He'seagertogo.

36.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Smokingmeanssomethingdifferenttovariouscultures.In【B1】______,manypeoplesmoke.Inthewinter,itisoften【B2】______tobreatheinthecafesbecauseofthetobacco【B3】______intheair.InRomania,smokingisan【B4】______socialhabit.Women,【B5】______,donotsmokeonthestreet.Thebrandof【B6】______apersonsmokesshowshis/her【B7】______,especiallyifitisaforeign【B8】______.

InLatinAmericancultures,smokingisverycommon.【B9】______.

InpartsofAsia,tobaccoisusedinweddingceremoniesandinreligiousofferings.Itisalsousedinmanykindsofoccasions.InCambodia,【B10】______.InVietnam,peopleareoftensmokingatbusinessmeetingsandincoffeehouses.MostofthewomeninCambodiaandVietnamtendnottosmoke.Butwhentheyenterafriend'shome,theymaybegivenatobaccoleaftochewon.Duringthewar,Vietnamesesoldierswouldsmoketopassthetimewhilewaitingtogointobattle.【B11】______

Smokingwasacomfortingthingtodo.InbothVietnamandCambodia,peoplewhowerenotsmokersbeforethewar,startedtosmokeduringthewarandbecameaddicted.

【B1】

37.

【B7】

38.(29)

A.Itwasagreatcomfort.

B.Itwasasignofdanger.

C.Itwasacallforhelp.

D.Itwasamusicalnote.

39.

【B9】

40.(26)

A.Regularservice,

B.Overnightexpress.

C.Samedaydelivery.

D.Priorityservice.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

WhyhastheJamaicantourismmovedintocarefullyplannedghettosofwealth?

A.Toseparatethetouristsfromthepoorlocalnatives.

B.ToshowtherealsideofJamaicatothetourists.

C.Toimplementaone-pricepolicyintourism.

D.Toallowtouriststomoveunnoticedamongthenatives.

42.

Whydoestheauthorgiveusanaccountofthe"exciting"featuresof"electronicbooks"?

43.AccordingtoAniruddhPatel,languageisusuallyunderconsiderationwhen______.

A.musiciansexplainthecomplexmeaningbehindthemusic

B.therapiststrytotreatpatientswhosufferfromstroke

C.peopleresearchtheconnectionbetweenmusicandthebrain

D.researchersstudythefunctionsofdifferentpartsofthebrain

44.

Theauthortellsusinparagraph4______.

A.thereasonsforkeepingmedicinesathome

B.people'sdoubtabouttakingdrugs

C.whatkindofmedicinepeopleshouldprepareathome

D.thepossibleharmsself-medicationmaydotopeople

45.

Present-daysocietyismuchfreerandearlierbecauseitemphasizes______.

A.uniformityB.formalityC.informalityD.individuality

46.

Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.

A.StandardEnglishistaughtinschoolandcolleges

B.theyoungpeoplearedefiantbecausetheyrefusetospeakstandardEnglish

C.EnglishlanguageisinfluencedbyAmericanEnglishinthelast25years

D.therehasbeenagreatchangeintheEnglishlanguageinthiscentury

47.

Whatkindoflook-alikesisoftenpopular?

A.Themajorityoflook-alikes.

B.Thelong-servicelook-alikes.

C.Royalfamilylook-alikes.

D.Einsteinlook-alikes.

48.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Bringingupchildrenisahardwork,andyouareoftentoblameforanybadbehavior.ofyourchildren,Ifso,JudithRichHarrishasgoodnewsforyou.Parents,sheargues,havenoimportantlong-termeffectsonthedevelopmentofthepersonalityoftheirchildren.Farmoreimportantaretheirplaygroundfriendsandneighborhood.Ms.Harristakestohittingtheassumption,whichhasdominateddevelopmentalpsychologyforalmosthalfacentury.

Ms.Harris'sattackonthedevelopmentalists'"nature"argumentlookslikelytoreinforcedoubtsthattheprofessionwasalreadyhaving.Ifparentsmatter,whyisitthattwoadoptedchildren,rearedinthesamehome,arenomoresimilarinpersonalitythantwoadoptedchildrenrearedinseparatehomes?Orthatapairofidenticaltwins,rearedinthesamehome,arenomorealikethanapairofidenticaltwinsrearedindifferenthomes?

Difficultasitistotrackthepreciseeffectsofparentalupbringing,itmaybehardertomeasuretheexactinfluenceofthepeer(同龄人)groupinchildhoodandadolescence.Ms.Harrispointstohowchildrenfromimmigranthomessoonlearnnottospeakatschoolinthewaytheirparentsspeak.Butacquiringalanguageissurelyaskill,ratheracharacteristicofthesortdevelopmentalpsychologistshuntfor.Certainlyitisdifferentfromgrowinguptenselyorrelaxed,orfromlearningtobehonestorhard-workingorgenerous.Easythoughitmaybetoprovethatparentshavelittleimpactonthosequalities,itwillbehardtoprovethatpeershavevastlymore.

Moreover,mumanddadsurelycannotbeditchedcompletely.Youngadultsmay,asMs.Harrisargues,bekeentoappearliketheirpeers.Buteveninthoseearlyyears,parentshavethepowertoopendoors:theymayinitiallychoosethepeerswithwhomtheiryoungassociate,andpickthatinfluentialneighborhood.Moreover,mostpeoplesuspectthattheycometoresembletheirparentsmoreinmiddleage,andthatpeople'schildbearinghabitsmaybeformedpartlybywhattheirparentsdid.Sothebalanceofinfluencesisprobablycomplicated,asmostparentsalreadysuspectedwithoutbeingabletodemonstrateitscientifically.Evenifitturnsoutthatthegenestheypassonandthefriendstheirchildrenplaywithmatterasmuchasaffection,disciplineandgoodexample,parentsarenotcompletelyoffthehook.

AccordingtoMs.Harris,______.

A.parentsaretoblameforanybadbehavior.oftheirchildren

B.parentswillaffectgreatlythechildren'slifeinthelongrun

C.natureratherthannurturehasasignificanteffectonchildren'spersonalitydevelopment

D.children'spersonalityisshapedbytheirfriendandneighbors

49.

Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprobablereasonforthelongerrepliesofPresidentKennedy?

A.Thereportersaskedsomedifficultandembarrassingquestions.

B.PresidentKennedyunconsciouslysoughtsocialintegrationwithotherpeople.

C.PresidentKennedywasimitatingthereporters.

D.PresidentKennedypreferredtalkingequilibriuminhisconversation.

50.ForAsians,thecomfortablezonewoulddosomethingtoshow______.

51.

Howishawk'seyesightbetterthanours?

A.Itcanidentifysmallitemsmorequicklythanwedo.

B.Itcanseeatalongerdistancethanwedo.

C.Ithasmoreconesintheretinathanwedo.

D.hhasbiggereyesthanwedo.

52.

Accordingtotheauthor,______.

A.thepersonalitiesofathletesproduceviolentconfrontations

B.athletesshouldnothavetoacceptunnecessaryphysicalabuse

C.athletessalariesarealreadytoohigh

D.athletesneedhighersalariestocompensatefortheirinjuries

53.By2030,peopleover65inGermany,theworld'sthird-largesteconomy,willaccountforalmosthalftheadultpopulation,comparedwithone-fifthnow.Andunlessthecountry'sbirthraterecoversfromitspresentlowof1.3perwoman,overthesameperioditspopulationofunder35willshrinkabouttwiceasfastastheolderpopulationwillgrow.Thenetresultwillbethatthetotalpopulation,now82m,willdeclineto70m-73m.Thenumberofpeopleofworkingagewillfallbyafullquarter,from40mtodayto30m.

TheGermandemographics(人口统计)arefarfromexceptional.InJapan,theworld'ssecond-largesteconomy,thepopulationwillpeakin2005,ataround125m.By2050,accordingtothemorepessimisticgovernmentforecasts,thepopulationwillhaveshrunktoaround95m.Longbeforethat,around2030,theshareoftheover-65'sintheadultpopulationwillhavegrowntoabouthalf.AndthebirthrateinJapan,asinGermany,isdownto1.3perwoman.Thefiguresareprettymuchthesameformostotherdevelopedcountries,andforagoodmanyemergingones,especiallyChina.

Lifeexpectancy-andwithitthenumberofolderpeople--hasbeengoingupsteadilyfor300years.Butthedeclineinthenumberofyoungpeopleissomethingnew.TheonlydevelopedcountrythathassofaravoidedthisfateisAmerica.Buteventherethebirthrateiswellbelowreplacementlevel,andtheproportionofolderpeopleintheadultpopulationwillrisesteeplyinthenext30years.

Allthismeansthatwinningthesupportofolderpeoplewillbecomeapoliticalimperative(需要)ineverydevelopedcountry.Pensionshavealreadybecomearegularelectionissue.Thereisalsoagrowingdebateaboutthedesirabilityofimmigrationtomaintainthepopulationandworkforce.Togetherthesetwoissuesaretransformingthepoliticallandscapeineverydevelopedcountry.

By2030atthelatest,theageatwhichfullretirementbenefitsstartwillhaverisentothemid-70'sinalldevelopedcountries,andbenefitsforhealthypensionerswillbesubstantiallylowerthantheyaretoday.Indeed,fixedretirementagesforpeopleinreasonablephysicalandmentalconditionmayhavebeenabolishedtopreventthepensionsburdenontheworkingpopulationfrombecomingunbearable.Alreadyyoungandmiddle-agedpeopleatworksuspectthattherewillnotbeenoughpensionmoneytogoroundwhentheythemselvesreachtraditionalretirementage.Butpoliticianseverywherecontinuetopretendthattheycansavethecurrentpensionssystem.

InGermany,______.

A.birthratehasgoneupto1.3perwoman

B.peopleover65nowconstitutesabouthalftheadultpopulation

C.itspopulationofunder-35sistwiceaslargeasthatofover-65s

D.by2030itsworkingforcemayhaveshrunkby25%

54.

Whathasbecomestandardcocktailtherapy?

55.

Whydidmanyparentsfailtomakethemostoftheirchildren'sintelligence?

56.Telecommutingsubstitutingthecomputerforthetriptothejob--hasbeenhailedasasolutiontoallkindsofproblemsrelatedtoofficework.

Forworkersitpromisesfreedomfromtheoffice,lesstimewastedintraffic,andhelpwithchild-careconflicts.Formanagement,telecommutinghelpskeephighperformersonboard,minimizestardinessandabsenteeismbyeliminatingcommutes,allowsperiodsofsolitudeforhighconcentrationtasks,andprovidesschedulingflexibility.Insomeareas,suchasSouthernCaliforniaandSeattle,localgovernmentsareencouragingcompaniestostarttelecommutingprogramsinordertoreducerush-hourcongestionandimproveairquality.

Butthesebenefitsdonotcomeeasily.Makingatelecommutingprogramworkrequirescarefulplanningandanunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweentelecommutingrealitiesandpopularimages.

Manyworkersareseducedbyrosyillusionsoflifeasatelecommuter.AcomputerprogrammerfromNewYorkCitymovestothetranquilAdirondackMountainsandstaysincontactwithherofficeviacomputer.Amanagercomesintohisofficethreedaysaweekandworksathometheothertwo.Anaccountantstayshometocareforhersickchildanddoesofficeworkbetweencallstothedoctor.

Thesearepowerfulimages,buttheyarealimitedreflectionofreality.Telecommutingworkerssoonlearnthatitisalmostimpossibletoconcentrateonworkandcareforayoungchildatthesametime.Beforeacertainage,youngchildrencannotrecognizethenecessaryboundariesbetweenworkandfamily.Additionalchildsupportisnecessaryiftheparentistogetanyworkdone.

Management,too,mustseparatethemythfromreality.Althoughthemediahaspaidagreatdealofattentiontotelecommuting,inmostcasesitistheemployees'situation,nottheavailabilityoftechnologythatprecipitatesatelecommutingarrangement.

Thatispartlywhy,despitethewidespreadpresscoverage,thenumberofcompanieswithwork-at-homeprogramsorpolicyguidelinesremainssmall.

Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasaproblemrelatedtoofficework?

A.Wastingtimeintraffic.

B.Theconflictbetweenchild-careandwork.

C.Theinflexibleschedule.

D.Thehighexpenseonofficeequipment.

57.

WhatdoesthelastparagraphtellusabouttheeducationinUS?

A.Itissuccessfulinhelpingthestudentspassvariousexams.

B.Itencouragesthestudentsinconceptualthinking.

C.Itnurturestheabilityinsolvingcomplexproblems.

D.Itaimstotrainskilledworkersforthesociety.

58.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Anissuethatmanycorporateexecutivesignoreisthepossibilitythataggressivepeopleseekreinforcementfortheirowndestructiveacts.Televisionviolence,forinstance,andthewidespreadpu