英语新外研必修一讲义MODULE3SECTIONⅠINTRODUCTIONREADING-PREREADING

Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanother,wefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird'seyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainanunclearimage(影像)ofthecountrysideconstantlysmears(使模糊不清)thewindows.Cardrivers,inparticular,areforeverobsessed(痴迷)withtheurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.Isittheattractivenessofthegreatmotorways,orwhat?Andasforseatravel,ithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:“Ijoinedthenavytoseetheworld,andwhatdidIsee?Isawthesea.〞Thetypicaltwentieth­centurytravelleristhemanwhoalwayssays“I'vebeenthere〞.Ifyoumentiontheremotestandmostevocative(唤起记忆的)places,someoneissuretosay“I'vebeenthere〞meaning“Idrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse.〞Forthetravelleronfoot,ontheotherhand,travellingandarrivingisoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyes,hisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness(疲乏).Heknowsthatsound.Asatisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravellers.InthismoduleI'lltellyouindetailaboutmyfirstrideonatrain.

Section_ⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­readingeq\a\vs4\al([原文呈现])MyFirstRide①onaTrainMynameisAliceThompson.IefromSydney,AustraliaandI'm18yearsold.RecentlyIhadmyfirstrideonalong­distance②train.Andwhataride！③AfriendandItravelledonthefamousGhantrain.WegotoninSydneyandwegotoff④inAliceSprings,right⑤inthemiddleof⑥Australia,morethan⑦fourthousandkilometresaway.WespenttwodaysandnightsonThetrainwaswonderfulandthefoodwasgreat.Weategreatmealscookedbyexperts⑨！Forthefirstfewhundredkilometresofthejourney⑩，thescenery⑪wasverycolourful.Therewerefieldsandthesoil⑫wasdarkred.Afterthat,itwasdesert⑬.Thesunshone⑭，therewasnowindandtherewerenocloudsinthesky.Suddenly,itlookedlike⑮aplacefromanothertime.Wesawabandonedfarmswhichwerebuiltmorethanahundredyearsago⑯.Thetrainwasfortableandthepeoplewerenice.Duringtheday,Isatandlookedoutof⑰thewindow,andsometimestalkedtootherpassengers.IreadbooksandlistenedtomyChinesecassettes(I'mstudyingChineseatschool).Onenight,ataboutmidnight⑱，Iwatchedthenightskyforaboutanhour.Thestarsshonelikediamonds⑲.WhyisthetraincalledtheGhan?Alongtimeago,Australians⑳neededawaytotraveltothemiddleofthecountry.Theytriedridingeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))horses,butthehorsesdidn'tlikethehotweatherandsand.Ahundredandfiftyyearsago,theybroughtsomecamelseq\o(○,\s\up1(22))fromAfghanistan.Ghanisshortforeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))Afghanistan.eq\a\vs4\al([读文清障])①riden．&v．乘坐；旅行；骑②distance/'dIstəns/n．距离long­distanceadj.长途的，是复合形容词作定语。③whataride!是感慨句的省略形式，完整形式是：whata(wonderful)rideitwas!④geton上(车、船等)getoff下(车、船等)⑤rightadv.正好，恰恰，就⑥inthemiddleof在……中间⑦morethan超过；不仅仅nomorethan仅仅；顶多⑧spendtime/moneyon在……上花费时间/金钱⑨expert/'ekspɜːt/n．专家cookedbyexperts为过去分词短作后置定语，修饰meals。⑩journey/'dʒɜːni/n．旅程⑪scenery/'siːnəri/n．风景；景色⑫soil/sɔIl/n．土壤⑬desert/'dezət/n．沙漠⑭shinev．(shone,shone)照射；发光⑮looklike看起来好似⑯abandoned/ə'bændənd/adj.被遗弃的which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。⑰lookoutof朝……外看⑱midnight/'mIdˌnaIt/n．半夜atmidnight在半夜⑲diamond/'daIəmənd/n．钻石⑳Australiann．澳大利亚人eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))trydoingsth.试图做某事trytodosth.努力去做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))camel/'kæml/n．骆驼eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))beshortfor是……的缩写/简称beshortof缺少我第一次乘火车[第1～4段译文]我是艾丽斯·汤姆逊，来自澳大利亚悉尼，今年18岁。最近我第一次乘坐了长途火车。多么奇异的一次乘车旅行啊！我和一位伴侣乘坐闻名的Ghan去旅行。我们在悉尼上车，正好在4000多千米以外的澳大利亚中部的艾丽斯斯普林斯下车，在火车上待了两天两夜。火车很棒，食品又美味。我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪们做的！旅途开头的几百千米，景色多姿多彩，有田野，泥土是深红色的。过后就是沙漠。太阳高照，空中没一丝风、一朵云彩。突然之间又好似来到了另一个时代的某地。我们看到被遗弃了的100多年前建筑的农庄。火车很舒适，大家都很友好。在白天，我坐着看窗外，有时和别的旅客说说话。我读读书，听听汉语磁带(我正在学校学汉语)。有一个晚上，大约是在半夜，差不多有一小时我都在凝视夜空。星星如钻石般闪耀着。为什么这种火车叫Ghan呢？很久以前，澳大利亚人需要一条去往澳大利亚中部的通道。他们试着骑马，但那些马不喜爱酷热的天气和沙漠。150年前，他们从阿富汗引进了一些骆驼，Ghan是阿富汗的缩写。Camelsweremuchbetterthanhorsesfortravellingalongdistance.Formanyyears,trainedeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))camelscarriedfoodandothersupplieseq\o(○,\s\up1(25))，andreturnedwithwoolandotherproductseq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).TheAfghansandtheircamelsdidthisuntilthe1920seq\o(○,\s\up1(27)).Thenthegovernmentbuiltanewrailwayline,sotheydidn'tneedthecamelsanymoreeq\o(○,\s\up1(28)).In1925,theypassedalaweq\o(○,\s\up1(29))whicheq\o(○,\s\up1(30))allowedpeopletoshooteq\o(○,\s\up1(31))theanimalsiftheywereaproblem.In1935,thepoliceinatownshot153camelsinonedayeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))train/'treIn/vt.训练trainedcamels经过训练的骆驼，trained为过去分词作定语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))supplyn．储藏；供给(品)eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))product/'prɒdʌkt/n．产品eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))在“世纪，年月〞之前必需加the，时间后加s或's。eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))not...anymore不再eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))passalaw通过一项法律eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))which引导定语从句；if引导条件状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))shoot/ʃuːt/vt[第5～6段译文]对于长途旅行而言，骆驼比马匹要好得多。多年来，经过训练的骆驼运走食品和其他供给物，带回羊毛和其他产品。直到20世纪20年月，阿富汗人和他们的骆驼还在做着这样的工作。后来，政府修了一条新的铁路线，他们就再也不需要骆驼了。1925年通过了一条法令，规定假如这些动物成为问题，就允许人们射杀它们。1935年，一座镇上的警察一天之内就射杀了153头骆驼。Pre­readingPleasematchthefollowingwordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．distanceA．vt.射杀2．train B．n.风景；景色3．abandonedC．vt.训练4．desert D．n.产品5．midnightE．n.专家6．expertF．n.旅程7．productG．n.距离8．journeyH．n.半夜9．sceneryI．n.沙漠10．shootJ．adj.被遗弃的答案：1～5GCJIH6～10EDFBALead­inWhichofthevehicleswouldyouliketochoosewhentravelling？Andwhy?参考答案：①By_train._I_think_the_train_is_the_cheapest_and_safest_way_of_travelling.②I_like_to_travel_by_plane._It_is_the_fastest_way.③I_enjoy_travelling_a_short_distance_by_bike.While­readingFast­reading1．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?Thepassageismainlyaboutthe_travel_to_the_central_part_of_Australia_on_the_train.2．Readthetextquicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.①Para.1A．Foodonthetrainandthesceneryoutsidethetrain.②Para.2 B．ThereasonwhythetrainiscalledGhan.③Para.3C．Theuseofcamelsinthepast.④Para.4 D．Whattheauthordidonthetrain.⑤Para.5E．HowtheAfghansdealtwiththecamels.⑥Para.6F．Theauthor'sfirstrideonalong­distancetrain.答案：①～⑥FADBCECareful­reading(Ⅰ)Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．Accordingtothetext,wecanknowthat________.A．itwassunnyduringAliceThompson'sjourneyB．thefieldswerecoveredwithredsandallthewayC．thetravellasted36hoursD．AliceThompsonandherfriendtravelledfromAliceSpringstoSydney2．AliceThompson________onthetrain.A．didn'tliketotalktootherpassengersB．sometimeslearnedChineseC．onlyreadbooksduringthedayD．alwayswatchedthenightsky3．CamelswerebroughttoAustraliabecause________.A．camelsranfasterthanhorsesB．camelscouldcarrymorefoodandsuppliesthanhorsesC．camelscouldtravelalongdistanceandcouldstandhotweatherandsandD．trainscosttoomuchthen4．Wecaninferfromtheabandonedfarmsthat________.A．agriculturedevelopedverywellmorethan100yearsagoB．theplacewasbeingdesertmorethan100yearsagoC．fewtreescouldgrowtheremorethan100yearsagoD．nopeoplewouldliketolivetheremorethan100yearsago答案：1～4ABCA(Ⅱ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．AliceF_2．Herdestination(目的地)wasonthecoastofAustralia._F_3．Thescenerywasthesameduringthewholejourney._F_4．Shestudiedwhileshewasonthetrain._T_5．Thegovernmentbuiltanewrailwaylinein1925._F_Study­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．WegotoninSydneyandwegotoffinAliceSprings,rightinthemiddleofAustralia,morethanfourthousandkilometersaway.[句式分析][尝试翻译]我们在悉尼上车，正好在4_000多千米以外的澳大利亚中部的艾丽斯斯普林斯下车。2．In1925,theypassedalawwhichallowedpeopletoshoottheanimalsiftheywereaproblem.[句式分析][尝试翻译]1925年通过了一条法令，规定假如这些动物成为问题，就允许人们射杀它们。Ⅰ.阅读理解AArrivingatLondonGatwickDistancefromcentralLondon:28miles/45kmFortravelinformationcall：＋44(0)8700002468.HowtogettothecitycentreBytrainTheGatwickExpressgoesfromGatwickAirporttoLondonVictoriatrainandundergroundstationincentralLondon.Trainsgoevery15minutesandthejourneytocentralLondontakeshalfanhour.FirstClassticketscost￡25(single),￡48(return)．ExpressClasscosts￡17(single),￡29(return)．SouthernTrainsservicesrunfourtimesanhourtoVictoriawithajourneytimeofaround35minutes.BytaxiTherearetaxisoutsidetheairportdayandnight.ThejourneytocentralLondontakes55－70minutes.ALondontaxitakesupto5people.Theaverage(平均的)costfromtheairporttocentralLondonis￡75－￡100.BycarGatwickAirportis28miles(45km)southofLondon.Thereare4carparksnexttotheairportandtherearecarrental(租赁)officesopenfrom8：00to18：00.ThejourneytoLondontakes60－75minutes.Allcarspayaspecial￡8charge(收费)togointocentralLondon.BybusNationalExpressandeasyBushaveservicestocentralLondon.EasyBusservicesgoevery20minutes.Thejourneytakesonehourandcosts￡2.ThereisoneNationalExpressbusanhour.Thejourneytakes90minutesandcosts￡7.60.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了从盖特威克机场到伦敦市中心的四种交通方式。1．SomeoneinahurrytoVictoriastationhadbettertravel________.A．bytrain B．bycarC．bytaxi D．bybus解析：选A推理推断题。比照四种交通方式所需要的时间可知，火车最快捷，而且火车直接抵达伦敦市中心的维多利亚站。因此，假如是焦急去该地方的乘客，那么特别适合选择火车出行。2．Whatdoestravelingbytaxiandcarhaveinmon?A．Theycostthesame.B．They'reavailableatanytime.C．Theyrequireaspecial￡8charge.D．Theytakeasimilarperiodoftime.解析：选D细节理解题。依据Bytaxi局部中的“ThejourneytocentralLondontakes55－70minutes.〞和Bycar局部中的“ThejourneytoLondontakes60－75minutes.〞可知，这两种交通方式的旅途时间差不多。3．Whichofthefollowinggoesthreetimesanhour?A．GatwickExpress. B．NationalExpress.C．EasyBus. D．SouthernTrains.解析：选C细节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“EasyBusservicesgoevery20minutes.〞可知答案。4．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Ashortnotice. B．Atravelguide.C．Acityintroduction. D．ATVadvertisement.解析：选B推理推断题。依据文中供应的从盖特威克机场到伦敦市中心的四种交通方式可知，该文可能消失在旅行指南上。BPeoplewholiketravellinghavetheirreasons.Theybelievethattravellingcanhelpthemexpandtheirfieldofview,especiallyinthegeographicalandhistoricalsense.Theyalsothinkthattouringwillgivethemmorechancestoenjoydifferentkindsoffoodandexperiencenewthingsthatwouldneverbebroughtbyotheractivities.Butthosewhodisliketravellingalsohavesomereasons.Travelling,inmyopinion,doesmoregoodthanharm.Mostimportantly,itbroadens(使扩大)ourmind.Wecangetintouchwithothercivilizations(文明),cultures,customsandideas.Throughhistory,mostpeopletravelledbecauseofnecessity(必要性)—notforpleasure.Peopletravelledjustinordertoremainalive.Theysearchedforfoodtoeatorplacestolivein.Theysometimesranawayfromenemies.Thisisnottosaythatnooneevertravelledjustforthefunofit.Inancienttimes,forexample,richRomanstravelledallthewaytoGreecetotakepartintheOlympicGames,andfestivals.Ofcourse,somepeopledecidedtotraveljustoutofcuriosity(奇怪???心)．Theywantedtofindoutwhatitlookedlikebeyondthehorizon(地平线)．Alsobusinesstravelhasbeengoingonforcenturies.Traderscouldnotonlymakemoneybutalsolearntospeakseverallanguagesandbeintroducedtodifferentcultures.So,travellingdoesenrichourmindanddrawnewideastous.Thereisnodoubtthatwecangetmuchfromit.语篇解读：自古至今，人们都会去旅游。不过，在古代，人们旅游更多的是为了生计；而现在，人们旅游是为了增长见识和享受生活。5．Theunderlinedword“expand〞inParagraph1canbereplacedby“________〞．A．widen B．protectC．lose D．decide解析：选A词义猜想题。依据其次段消失的“broadens〞及最终一段的“enrich〞，可以推想这里的expand一词表示“扩大，拓宽〞之意，widen一词与之意思最接近。6．Accordingtothepassage,inthepastmostpeopletravelled________.A．forfun B．forknowledgeC．togetexperience D．tomakealiving解析：选D细节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Throughhistory,mostpeopletravelledbecauseofnecessity(必要性)—notforpleasure.〞及其次句中的“inordertoremainalive〞可知在古代人们外出多是为了生计奔波，因此选D项。7．Inthewriter'sopinion,travellingcanbe________.A．expensive B．funnyC．helpful D．tiring解析：选C推理推断题。作者主要讲了旅游带来的种种好处，从其次段第一句及最终一段都能看出他对旅游持乐观确定的态度，认为旅游很有益，应选C项。8．What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Differentkindsoftravelling.B．Travellingenrichesourmind.C．Waystoenjoyyourselfwhiletravelling.D．Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftravelling.解析：选B主旨大意题。作者在文中谈了自己对旅游的看法，他认为旅游可以拓宽人们的视野，最终一段，作者高度概括了文章大意。应选B项。CWhenyouvisittheOahuIsland(瓦胡岛)ofHawaii,youcannotmisstheNorthShore.Itishometosomeoftheworld'sbestsurfing(冲浪运动)．SurfingalongtheNorthItisafilminglocation.TheNorthShoreisthemainfilminglocationformostoftheABC'sTVseriesLost.IthasalsobeenthesettingformovieslikeBlueCrush,asurferfilm,andForgettingSarahMarshall.TheTVshowHawaiiFivItisthebestplacetowatchseaturtles.Shark'sCoveissaidtobethebestplacewhereturtleshangout.However,LaniakeaBeachisthemostfamousplaceforvisitorstotakeaphotoofseaturtles.Theyliketoerightontothebeachandsunbathe.Infactthisplacealsogoesbythename“TurtleBeach〞．Peoplehavebeenlivingthereforaverylongtime.Forover900hundredyears,peoplehavelivedalongOahu'sNorthShore.WhenHawaiiansettlementsstartedexpanding(扩张)northfromtheBigIslandaround1,100AD,someHawaiianmunitiesbegantoformonthenorthsideofOahu.Theyusedtherichlandtogrowcropslikesweetpotatoesandsoon.AsanyonewhohasseentheNortheq\x(语篇解读：夏威夷是旅游者的天堂，而夏威夷瓦胡岛独具特色的北岸更是让人流连忘返。)9．WhatcanweknowabouttheReefHawaiiPro?A．Ittellsastoryaboutsurfers.B．Itoffersthebestfilminglocation.C．Itisapetitionheldinwinter.D．Itisthemostpopularsurfingplace.解析：选C细节理解题。依据其次段的内容可知，theReefHawaiiPro是一个在冬天进行的冲浪竞赛。10．Totakeaphotoofseaturtles,visitorsshouldgoto________.A．Shark'sCove B．theBigIslandC．thenorthsideofOahu D．Turtle解析：选D细节理解题。依据第四段的内容可知，拍摄海龟的最正确去处是LaniakeaBeach，也叫TurtleBeach。11．Bywritingthepassage,theauthorintendstotellus________.A．whytheOahuIslandofHawaiiispopularB．whyvisitorsshouldtraveltotheNorthC．thehistoryoftheNorthD．people'slifeontheNorth解析：选B写作意图题。依据第一段的内容及下文所介绍的瓦胡岛北岸的特点可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是想告知读者夏威夷瓦胡岛北岸是个与众不同的地方，所以游客应当到那里去游玩。12．Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．atravelmagazine B．aresearchreportC．abookreview D．anadvertisement解析：选A文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了夏威夷瓦胡岛北岸的独特之处，故最可