2022年考研英语冲刺阅读理解专项训练136

2022年考研英语冲刺阅读理解专项训练136Manyresearchersalsorecognizethatwemustbeanthropomorphic(attributehumantraitstoanimals)whenwediscussanimalemotionsbutthatifwedoitcarefullyandbiocentrically(fromtheanimals’pointofview)，wecanstillgivedueconsiderationtotheanimals’position．④AsProfessorRobertSapolsky，aworld-renownedethologistandneuroscientistandauthorofAPrimate’sMemoirsnotesabouthisanthropomorphictendencieswhenhedescribesbaboonbehavior：“0nehopesthatthepartsthatareblatantlyridiculouswillbeperceivedassuch．I’venonethelessbeenstunnedbysomeofmymorehumorlesscolleagues--toseethattheywerenotcapableofrecognizingthat．Thebroaderanswer，though，isl’mnotanthropomorphizin9．Partofthechallengeinunderstandingthebehaviorofaspeciesisthattheylooklikeusforareason．That’snotprojectinghumanvalues．That’sprimatizingthegeneralitiesthatwesharewiththem．”Nomatterwhatwecallit，researchersagreethatanimalsandhumanssharemanytraits，includingemotions．Thus，we’renotinsertingsomethinghumanintoanimals，butwe’reidentifyingcommonalitiesandthenusinghumanlanguagetocommunicatewhatweobserve．⑤Beinganthropomorphicisdoingwhat’snaturalandnecessarytounderstandanimalemotions．Overtheyears，I’venoticedacuriousphenomenonthatIcallanthropomorphicdouble-talk．Ifsomeonesaysthatananimalishappy，noonequestionsit，butifsomeonesaysthatananimalisunhappy，thenchargesofanthropomorphismareimmediatelyraisedandscepticsask，“Howdoyouknowthis?”ThisisespeciallytrueofpeoplewhotrytojustifykeepinganimalsinZOOSorusingthemforinvasiveresearch．Ofcourse，seeingpositiveemotionsisasanthropomorphicasseeingnegativeemotions。butsomepeoplejustdon’tgetit．[460words]

1．Bysayin9“I’mgladlwasn’ttheird09”theauthormeansthat______．

A．thosescientistsknowlittleaboutthefeelingsofanimals

B．feelingscanscarcelybestudiedwithamicroscope

C．fewscientistsknowwhatitfeelsliketobeadog

D．animalsareoftenmistreatedbyscientists

2．Inthefirstparagraph，“theparadigmhasshiftedtosuchanextent”meansthat______．

A．somepeoplestillarguethatanimalsdon’thaveemotions

B．mostresearcherstodayknowlittleaboutanimalemotions

C．fewresearchersfailtorecognizethatanimalshaveemotions

D．cognitiveethnologyhasbeendevelopedrapidlyinthelast30years

3．TheauthorfeelslessunrestrainedwhentalkingaboutanimaIemotionsbecause______．

A．mostanimalshaveemotionsasstrongashumanbeingsdo

B．mostcolleaguesareonhissidewhentalkingaboutanimals

C．animalsusuallyhavemixed，andevenconflictingemotions

D．theviewofanimalemotionshasbecomemuchmorepopular

4．AccordingtoProfessorRobertSapolsky，______．

A．nohumantraitscannotbeattributedtoanimals

B．animalsandhumanshavecommonalities，suchasemotions

C．animalemotionsshouldbediscussedfromtheirpointofview

D．thestudyofanimalbehaviorhasnothingtodowithhumanvalues

5．Somepeoplearereluctanttohear“ananimalisunhappy”forthereasonthat______．kaoshida,

A．theyusuallypreferpositiveemotionstonegativeones

B．theemotionsa